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Throughout this paper a certain view of theology is assumed, and it seems desirable therefore to begin by an endeavor to state it clearly in a way, which it is hoped, will meet with very general agreement. It does not claim to be a complete view, but it endeavors to bring forward that aspect of theology, which makes a closer union between theologians and sociologists possible and indeed urgent. And in the first place it should be mentioned that by theology is meant Christian doctrine, any other religious philosophy being differently named. Theology, then, is taken to be! in the first place an interpretation of life by its highest and fullest perfection, unified as God. Theology postulates Christ as the perpetual image of God manifested in the world, but realized in fullness in "The Son of Man." In this way people have a working conception of the nature of God. This divine humanity summed up in Christ, is further exemplified by certain persons called the saints, more or less approximating to the ideal type. All Christians are "called to be saints."

The article presents the author's views on the ideals of Eastern women. There are a considerable number of Western men in whom there is a survival of the Eastern view about women, although they take very good care not to carry the Oriental notion of impersonality and sacrifice into their conception of what is seemly in men. This ideal is not imposed upon women by men, but is the national and eternal ideal of both sexes, It is less obviously ridiculous for an Oriental to assert that women like seclusion, ignorance, and subjection, because when any living creature is accustomed from birth to certain conditions, that creature suffers when transplanted to other conditions. The author firmly believes that he has seen so many women gain joy and hope by the opening of doors: seen dull eyes brighten and sad lips smile to hear words spoken which at last express their inmost and hitherto unfriended thoughts and aspirations and sorrows, The depression of life and energy, of will and genius, that comes from slavery is spiritual murder, and the kind of slavery which is involved in the subjection of one sex to the other is the most penetrating conceivable; for it permeates flesh and spirit. It is life-long, it corrupts the ethical standard of both slave and slave-owner, so that no one yet knows what women can do nor to what heights men can rise.

The article presents an account of the book "Diseases of Community and Their Treatment," vol. 1. The book is a collection of papers on research in the field of cure of community diseases. The papers suggest that in the search for a cure of community diseases, a notable shift of tendency may be discerned. It is turning away from separate modes of treatment for particular ills, and is a concentrating on the fostering of means towards life more abundant. The newer scientific treatment of evils as defects of life, thus reinforce the older claims of religion to transmute the defects into the qualities of life. So, it is the aim of civic sociology to seek out, gather together, and, as far as may be, harmonize, the resources of science and of religion available to these ends. Yet the merest beginnings have so far been made, either by civic sociology or other means, towards an authentic body of verified knowledge and tested practice bearing on social evils as science at its clearest sees them, and religion at its purest transmutes them.

This article present information regarding meetings and research papers received by the Sociological Society for 1910. During the year under report the full number of ordinary meetings for papers and discussions was held, and the migration of the Society for this purpose to the ample ball of the Royal Society of Arts noted in last year's report, has an appreciable effect upon the size of the audiences. It may be noted also that towards the end of the year, as the result of a vote taken among the members, the Council decided that about half the ordinary meetings should be held in the afternoons, with an opportunity for meeting at tea. There is reason to anticipate that the innovation will not only be generally appreciated, but will be especially welcome to a large section of the members who find evening lectures inconvenient, and, further, that it will be of material assistance in bringing together representative audiences. There is, more particularly among professional men and women and those engaged in the public service, a growing disinclination to attendance at after-dinner meetings.

The article discusses about the sociological papers for the people. In response to a challenge of this order from the Editors of the "Beacon," a series of popular sociological expositions, or, as they might be called, "Papers for the People" has been designed by the senior Editor of the "Sociological Review." Some idea of their scope and aims may be gathered from the following titles adopted for representative specimens of the projected papers. The series begins with a paper entitled "Rival Economies and Their Life Values." The first of these papers on current social evolution will appear in the January issue of the "Beacon." For the information of those not acquainted with this journal, written largely by and for men tried in the furnace of the war and found resistant to the temptation of disillusionment, it may be stated the "Beacon" is a monthly magazine devoted to the fashioning of a finer vision of life for the coming times. Now in its second year, it is edited by E. R. Appleton, assisted by Captain W. Wadsworth and Captain Ivor McClure.

Presents a letter to the editor about sociology.

The article presents information about the meetings of the First Universal Races Congress in the University of London buildings which were held in July 1910. Some hundreds of members of many races, great and small, met for the better part of a week in formal discussion and in social interaction, attending with marked regularity and with an interest that was sustained to the close. There was an entire absence of active participation by Governments, and even the great missionary societies took no particular interest, for reasons best known to themselves. The papers discussed what race means, or should mean, to particular difficulties arising from the situation of individual races or nationalities; from the consideration of the function of religion or morals or language to the wide ranging problem of the Negro or the narrowly defined problem of the half-castes of Brazil. There are some papers dealing with various methods now in operation for the organization of humanity: Treaties, Peace Conferences, the Hague Tribunal, the Press. A new project was launched by the Congress deciding to set up a small permanent Committee to arrange for a second Congress, which will probably be held in the U.S. in about three years' time.

The problem of correlating the specialisms of social science is, as most serious students agree, central in the field of general sociology. It seems hardly too much to say that the question of a general science of sociology stands or falls with this matter of contriving a working correlation between the more specialized studies. The opening meeting of the Society in 1904 was followed by two papers jointly printed by the author, outlining their views "On the Relation of Sociology to the Social Sciences and to Philosophy."

This article provides information on the International Institute of Sociology. The Tenth Congress of the institute held its triennial Congress at Geneva, Switzerland from October 12-17, 1930. This Congress gave evidence of the re-establishment of the institute and further made it possible to plan and inaugurate a change. The program of the Congress comprised an investigation on the one hand into the underlying causes of wars and, on the other, into the conditions of a lasting peace. There was no question of the legitimacy of such an investigation. The program of the Congress included 19 papers or written communications, one in Spanish, two in English, the rest in French. Among the authors were Rafael Altamira, G. L. Duprat, Jeanne Duprat, Amerigo Namias, Raoul Orgaz, Paul Otlet and Gaston Richard. Most of the papers, as might be expected of sociologists more concerned with explanation and prediction than with action, dealt with the underlying causes of war rather than with the conditions for a lasting peace. The papers concerned with elucidating the causes of war were at variance on a point of supreme importance, namely, whether these causes are inevitable, or whether, at any rate in time, they may be eliminated by the deliberate effort of man.

The article presents the report of The Sociological Society for the year 1913 presented to the annual general meeting of members on March 31, 1914. The report tells the details of the meetings held by the society for discussion of different papers. Some of the meetings and their topics are "The Position of Women in Burma" on January 28, 1913; "Federalism" on February 11, 1913; "Economic and Social Conditions in the Southern Balkans" on February 24, 1913; "The Foundation of International Polity" on March 11, 1913; "The Unconscious Reason in Social Evolution" on April 22, 1913; "The Untouchables of an Indian City" on May 7. It was reported that the objective of the Society to make itself self-supporting could not be realized. The expenses of "The Sociological Review" have not been met since its foundation. The increasing interest in the present position of women led to a discussion among some of the members of the Society. The Social Psychology Group, formed in 1912, has continued successfully with 48 members, of whom 16 are members and 30 non-members of the Sociological Society.

Discusses the establishment of the annual Congress of the History of Religions. Part played by religion in social evolution; Preview of the 1908 congress, which will be held in Oxford, England; Participation of the representatives of British and foreign universities and academies; Topics of papers to be presented; Contact information.

Medical men in their handling of disease increasingly have recourse to "team-work." Various specialists each make their own diagnosis of the patient, and set out a corresponding course of treatment. It is for sociology (ill-equipped for the task though as yet it may be) to infuse the discussion and treatment of current ills with the quickening spirit of a synthetic science. As a modest contribution to such discussion of the Coal Crisis, the present studies are submitted, though of necessity preliminary and tentative. These studies open with a paper which attempts what may be called a sociological orientation of the Coal Question. Here the coal crisis is viewed as symptom of a deep-seated malady in the body politic. This introductory paper is followed by four others, which sample the manifold contributions to public welfare in general, and the coal question in particular, to be drawn from the physico-chemical sciences, from biology, and from the simpler aspects of social science. The Coal Crisis is but the concentrated expression, and virulent outbreak, of a crisis in Great Britain's national life.

The article presents information regarding proceedings of the Sociological Society. Dr. William Brown gave a lecture on "Psycho-Analysis and the Problem of Personality" on February 10, 1914. Dr. C.W. Saleeby read a paper on "The First Decade of Modern Eugenics, 1904-1914" on February 24, 1914. Frank R. Cana read a paper on "The Future of the Kaffir" on March 10, 1914. S.K. Ratcliffe read a paper on "Changing America" on March 31, 1914. Edward A. Filene will speak on "coming Business and Social Changes" on May 5, 1914. Gustav Spiller will read a paper on "Darwinism and Sociology" on May 19, 1914.

This article focuses on the writings of John S. Stuart-Glennie, a famous historian and sociologist. Stuart-Glennie was educated at the Grammar School and the University of Aberdeen and at the University of Bonn. After graduating, he traveled widely in Europe and America, was called to the Bar at the Inner Temple, and practised in the court of his kinsman, the Vice-Chancellor Sir John Stuart. A nearer way of understanding his work and aims is by taking some of his early books and papers. Of these one of the earliest, his "Arthurian Scotland: Topographical and Traditional Evidences of the Historical Origin of Arthurian Romance"-though often little considered by the specialists in Arthurian romance, owes this neglect not a little to their deficiency on the side on which he was so strong-the side, namely, of concrete geographical research, of utilization and interpretation of the local traditions. Another interesting presentment of his work, is afforded by such a paper as his "Roman Origins and History," in the Proceedings of the British and American Archaeological Society of Rome, 1907.

This article discusses the fundamental propositions of Charles Goring in his research paper entitled "On the Inheritance of the Diathesis of Phthisis and of Insanity: A Statistical Study Upon the Family History of 1500 Criminals." Dr. Goring aims at providing, from a detailed analysis of 723 family histories of convicts, materials for filling a gap-or, rather, an inadequacy-in Professor Karl Pearson's "First Study" on the same topic-inheritance of pulmonary phthisis. Professor Pearson proceeded on the assumption that between 9 percent and 12 per cent of the general population at some time in their lives suffer from pulmonary tuberculosis. Goring deals both with the tubercular and with the insane diathesis. The double purpose of his study is to confirm by correct observation Pearson's assumption and to present some new evidences on the part played by infection, as opposed to inheritance, in the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis amongst the general population of the country. He finds that 11 percent of the general population are probably affected by tuberculosis and the maximum intensity of inheritance is 62%.

The article presents a speech by the president of the Sociological Society Edward Brabrook, during its annual meeting in London, England. The president addressed few words on the occasion of the annual meeting of the society. He paid tribute to physician J.H. Bridges, one of the most efficient member of the society. The production of three volumes of sociological papers, and of the first volume of quarterly "Sociological Review" were further discussed. In the first volume, published in 1904, V.V. Branford, honorary secretary and founder of the society traced the origin and the use of the word sociology. The twofold method by which the study is to be pursued was broadly defined. In the second volume its relation to the philosophy of history and its relation to ethics were stated, while the third volume fitly closes with the paradox of H.G. Wells, that sociology is not a science. The other sections discussed in the speech were progress report of the "Sociological Review," various meetings of the society in the past, finance, eugenics, civics, education and social economy.

The Sociological Society may fairly claim to have arisen and developed with the endeavour to appreciate the varied viewpoints, methods and results, of the many preceding and contemporary social thinkers and their schools, and so has welcomed contributions from all sides as far as obtainable, and these by turns of special interest and of harmonising and synthetic aims. Similarly, too, for applied sociology, since social science, as it advances, turns increasingly towards socially serviceable applications. Hence a relatively large number of its research papers have been concerned with social surveys and these concretely regional and civic, yet also increasingly generalised and interpretative of contemporary social evolution. The explanation here offered turns on the serious outrunning, by the mechanico-physical sciences and arts, of those directly concerned with life and society, mind and morals. Hence mechanistic advances, with pecuniary developments, out of all proportion to the social advances needed for controlling these, or even utilising them at their best.

An unusual type of paper is under the title "The Need for Asylum Reform." That title expresses the purpose that moved sociologist H.S. Liveing to write the paper and seek publicity for it. But the proper channels for such publicity were found to be closed. In printing here the larger part of Mrs. Liveing's paper, authors may possibly hope for some slight effect on the movement towards Asylum Reform. But for the sociologist, experiences, such as are here offered, have a theoretical value, as "pointer facts." These mental observations bear significantly on those problems of inner disharmonies, or "endo-psychic conflicts," which have been brought to the front, and are being pressed home by the psychoanalytic school. The suggestion is that the sociologist should read Liveing's paper as evidence of certain environmental factors apt to be minimized, or even overlooked, in a purely psychological analysis of mental disintegration. Accepting the psychoanalysis' account of inner conflict as failure of the mind to integrate its own experience of life, the sociologist pleads for a fuller social analysis of the milieu, which makes up and constitutes the external half of the inner process. In particular he demands a fuller investigation, and heavier weighting, of the part played by the distracting urban milieu in maintaining, aggravating, and even originating, the mental conflicts which psychological abstraction is perhaps too much disposed to trace backwards into infantile impressions within the family circle.

The article presents news updates on the Sociological Society of Great Britain, compiled as of January 1913. The meetings of the Session 1912-13 began on October 15 (evening) with a lecture on "Mythology and Life: An Interpretation of Olympus"; On October 29, at an evening meeting, F.W. Mott, read the paper on "Is Insanity on the Increase?"--Edward Brabrook was in the chair. On November 12, at an afternoon meeting, A.K. Coomaraswamy read a paper on "Sati: A Vindication of the Indian Woman"--Sir Francis Younghusband was in the chair. The paper will be published in the April number of the "Sociological Review." On November 26, at an afternoon meeting held in the library of the Royal Asiatic Society, B.L. Hutchins read the paper on "Fatigue and Efficiency."

This article reports on the status of the planned Universal Races Congress to be held in London, Great Britain. All schools of thought will take part in the proceedings and in the list of those who have already promised contributions are the names of representatives of more than twenty civilizations. Political questions of the hour will be subordinated to the comprehensive end of the Congress, the promoters being convinced that when once mutual respect is established difficulties of every type will be at all events sympathetically approached, although practical solutions may not be readily attained. In the first section the opening paper, on the definition of race, tribe, and nation, will be contributed by a leading Bengali scholar, Brajendranath Seal, the anthropological view of the race will be stated by Felix von Luschan, of Berlin. Pember Reeves is the chairman of the Executive, with Edward Brabrook as vice-chairman. Questions such as the differences in physical characteristics to differences in mental characteristics would be addressed.

The article pays tribute to Scottish sociologist, professor and urban planner Sir Patrick Geddes. Modern events in Jewish life brought him confirmation of his general sociological principles. That the Jewish people in Palestine had turned to the soil as the foundation of the National Home made a tremendous appeal to him and that, at the moment when this effort was being successfully begun, the Jewish people should found their University on Mount Scopus, stirred his imagination, his realisation of that essential unity for which the Jewish people had striven throughout history. This idea dominated Geddes during these weeks of fecundation, and it was this idea that found expression in his design of the Great Hall that he planned for the University. In the first rough sketches that Geddes put on paper after the two weeks of seemingly sunless perambulation this concept at once took shape. Though Geddes modified it in detail in accordance with his detailed study of the building!land available and the nature of the site, the central idea--the University as an expression of the unity for which Israel had striven--remains the characteristic feature of his magnificent design for the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

This article discusses a plan to make the monetary unit conform to a standard of constant purchasing power over commodities in Great Britain. The original use of money was that a medium of exchange. When gold was settled upon as the best form of money because of its portability, durability, divisibility and concentration of large value in small bulk, money had practically no function as a standard for deferred payments. The plan if virtually to vary the amount of gold in the dollar or sovereign to the extent necessary to keep its purchasing power invariable. The use of an index number of prices, a mean of securing information as to changes in the general price level, can increase and decrease the weight of the sovereign. The government buys gold from the miner and sells it to the jeweller, at the rate of 123.27 grains per sovereign. The proposal to increase or decrease the amount of gold in a bullion-sovereign becomes, then, a proposal for the government to lower or raise the mint price of gold bullion. Using paper representatives like the gold certificates of the U.S. can avoid recoinage in the country. When gold was taken to the government it would not be coined and the certificate would be issued. Gold would only exist only as gold bullion and the only gold sovereign would be a virtual sovereign.

This article focuses on research papers presented at meetings in the London School of Economics and Political Science. Between Sir Francis Galton and the Sociological Society there existed a peculiarly interesting relationship, in that during the first months of our existence, in 1904, the veteran founder of the study of Eugenics came out of his retirement in order to read before the Society the series of papers from which we may definitely date the beginning of the movement now so widely and variously supported. Touching briefly upon existing marriage customs-monogamy, endogamy, exogamy, prohibited degrees, etc., Galton pointed out how powerful are the various combinations of immaterial motives upon marriage, and how they may all become hallowed by religion, accepted as custom, and enforced by law. Persons who are born under their various rules live under them without any objection. They are unconscious of their restrictions as people are unaware of the tension of the atmosphere. Gallon concluded by expressing the view that few things are more needed in England than a revision of our religion, to adapt it to the intelligence and needs of the present time.

This article presents a brief description of various reports and other proceedings at the 20th Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Society, which was held in December 1925. The general topic of discussion spread over three full days, and participated in by nine specialised sections, was "The City." As samples of the different approaches to this general problem of the City the titles of several articles were mentioned, which were published in different issues of the Society's journal "The Sociological Review." Some of those papers are, "The Problem of Personality in the Urban Environment," "The Eugenics of the City," "The city as a Community," and others. The tendency was to treat the City as an abstract entity rather than as a natural history object for systematic outdoor observation as well as by the generalised research of indoor study. There were, however, some, exceptions to this abstract treatment, such as some of the papers in which is studied a particular city, and not cities in general under the vague abstraction of "the city":

The article focuses on sociologist Emile Durkheim. The death of Durkheim has a peculiarly melancholy interest for the Sociological Society. The second of two papers he promised at the inception of the society remains unwritten. The first appeared in the printed volume of the society's transactions in 1905. It was a paper dealing with "Method in the Social Sciences," and from that standpoint made a survey of the whole sociological field. As the years rolled on Durkheim's busy life became more and more filled with the activities, not only of the thinker and the teacher, but also with those of the active citizen.

This article presents information on meetings and workshops related to sociological societies, that already took place, and those which will be held in near future. The meetings of the Session 1913-14 on sociology, began on October 14 with a lecture by Professor Cloudesley Brereton on " National Secondary Education: The Lesson from France." The chair was taken by Professor J. Adams. The paper was published in the October number of the Sociological Review. The first afternoon meeting was on October 28, when Jane Harrison lectured to a large audience on "Woman and Knowledge," Professor Gilbert Murray being in the chair. On November 11, 1914 also in the afternoon, Professor Edward Cadbury read a paper on "Some Principles of Industrial Organisation," J.A. Hobson being in the chair. It is hoped that this paper will appear in a subsequent number of the Sociological Review, with a discussion to which various authorities on the subject will contribute. On January 21, 1915, meeting will be held on the topics related to women and society. A work by Victor Branford, M.A., the first Honorary Secretary of the Sociological Society, will be issued in February by Duckworth and Co.

This article presents information about several research papers published in different journals, related to the field of sociology. In November 1910 issue of the "American Journal of Sociology," the commendable tendency towards inquiry into concrete civic problems noticeable in recent American research is illustrated in a study of a special housing question in Chicago-the crowding of poor families into furnished rooms. The paper is by two women students of the Chicago School of Civics and Philanthropy-S.P. Breckinridge and Edith Abbots. They describe the peculiar feature in this development of overcrowding-namely, the degradation of the commodious houses which have survived from an earlier period, houses unsuited to tenement purposes, and the ways in which they are made to serve the need, of a continually shifting population. The November issue of the journal "Eugenics Review" is entirely devoted to a discussion of the Royal Commission's Reports on the Poor Law in relation to eugenic principles and policy.

Anthropologists have begun to realize the importance of demographic data for their inquiries, especially in the study of primitive economics. But the knowledge of primitive population structures is most inadequate. In the case of Africa, official statistics are of little help. Thus anthropologists have had to be their own demographers, in however rough-and-ready a fashion. From the demographer's point of view such amateur investigations have serious defects. As sociologists Enid Charles and C. Daryll Forde point out in a paper analyzing some population data from the village of Umor in Southeastern Nigeria, an anthropologist's demographic data. are usually derived from an unofficial census limited to a single occasion. Their reliability is further, limited by the smallness of the samples and the difficulty of ascertaining exact ages, or birth and mortality rates. The data leave little doubt that the Tallensi have been maintaining their numbers during the past fifty years or so, and have probably been increasing moderately. The data show, also, that other things remaining equal, the provision of medical add hygienic services that would rapidly reduce the mortality rates would lead to a rapid increase of population on a considerable scale. Unless the present very low level of food production is simultaneously raised or other economic outlets than the native subsistence farming are provided, a rapid reduction in mortality rates in this area would soon produce a crisis of over-population.

This paper was originally planned as an abstract of the introduction to a book on the coordination of the social sciences. It was written out in its present form as a contribution to the discussions at the conference on the same topic, held at Oxford, England, in October 1922. Unfortunately it arrived just too late for use at the conference; but it was kept in hand. The task of preparing the paper for the printer has not been altogether easy; for the author is now in India, and it has been impossible to consult him on a number of points, some of them important. The author has not hesitated to make slight changes in choice and order of words, and arrangement of matter, where he seemed to see clearly that improvement was possible. In some other respects slight changes have been necessary to meet printing difficulties. The author trusts, however, that the ideas, which the author is earnest to place before his readers, have in no way been obscured by these changes. It is impossible to foretell how far a contribution on such original lines will have authority with the sociologists of to-day.

The London Society arranges visits to places of interest in London and Lectures on London problems. It is at the present time publishing a valuable series of papers on "The Transport and Open Space Problem in City Development," while its November issue also Contains an article on the Roman Wall of London, thus well illustrating the combination of forelook and backlook for which the Civic Society stands. To illustrate directions in which useful work might be done by a society such as the one now mentioned allusion may be made to certain subjects brought before it recently. On the one hand, the danger was shown of a fine tree being destroyed by reason of building operations and of an interesting 15th century Manor House perishing through lack of repair and, on the other, attention was drawn in to the nuisances arising from the emission of excessive smoke from steam lorries and the scattering of paper about the streets. "The aim of the Birmingham Society will be always to keep in mind this ideal of a regenerate city. Its members will realise that sweeping schemes of reconstruction cannot suddenly be executed, but they will remember too, that such reconstruction, however slowly it may be achieved, is the only hope of making the city they live in a monument to anything but their carelessness and greed.

The article presents information on literature on sociology published in various periodicals. The French periodical "La Science Sociale" for July is the record of L'EcoIe des Roches for 1910-11, with illustrations. The French periodical "La Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale" for July is a special number, giving a full account of the Fourth International Philosophy Conference, held at Bologna in April last. Over 350 members were present. Among these England, America and even Germany were under-represented but the French delegates did full justice to the gatherings and played a notably brilliant part in the proceedings. The paper "Le razze umane e il sentimento di superiorit&sgrave; etnica" by E. Morselli, is suggested by the Questionnaire of the Universal Races Congress held in London. The author admits that Anthropology is today in a state of decadence which he qualifies as "premature" and that its autonomy is threatened. He hopes that the Congress may remedy this but the event has hardly justified him.

The article discusses issues related to the London Sociological Society. A glance at the membership roll of the Society shows that it does include economists and historians, psychologists and moralists, anthropologists and archaeologists, geographers and naturalists, as also physicians and alienists, criminologists and jurists, hygienists and educationists, philanthropists and social reformers, politicians and clerics. A glance at its publications shows that representatives of all these groups have contributed to its papers and discussions. The Society affords a common ground on which workers from all fields and schools concerned with social phenomena may meet. There are those who might be called sectional specialists and experts. These are the economists and historians, psychologists and moralists, anthropologists and archeologists, geographers and naturalists, as also the physicians and alienists, criminologists and jurists, hygienists and educationists, philanthropists and social reformers, politicians and clerics.

The article gives information about the proceedings of the sociological society. The first meeting of the session was held hall of the Society of Arts. At the meeting on November 16, Professor Patrick Geddes lectured on "City Surveys and City Reports: Their Methods and Uses." He said that not only on grounds of social science, but for the rapidly opening era of rustic development and village renewal, of town planning and city design people require practical methods of social surveys of country and town, and of the corresponding reports for action. The surveys must, first of all, be geographic. The historic survey is next required, since a village or city is not merely a place in space, but a drama in time. Each of these surveys, geographic, historic and social, affords a basis for practical action. But there remains a final and deeper survey, that of social evils. Poverty and disease, ignorance and folly, apathy and vice, indolence and crime, demand investigation and corresponding treatment.

The article provides information on the International Town-Planning Congress organized from July 2-9, 1924 in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. The congress was arranged by the International Garden Cities and Town Planning Federation. Over 600 members attended the congress representing countries from all over the world. The volume of reports and papers is not only of good quality, but also included an increasing range of vision and promise. From drainage to open spaces and nature reserves and from transport to satellite towns, each paper was treated in a comprehensive regional fashion. Also the contributions were presented in Associated Exhibition of Plans, held in the city's galleries, which vividly illustrated the growing advance of large-scale treatments. One of the most important aspects that emerged at the congress was economic vision, as it was no longer in the terms of the "price-system" which has so long suffocated economic thought, but on the lines of "life-system," whereby economics can alone attain deliverance and renew progress.

This article reports on meetings of the Lent Term of the Sociological Society. On April 4, 1911, at an evening meeting, D. S. Margoliouth read a paper on "The Universal Races Congress," Edward Brabrook presiding. Beginning with a sketch of the Congress movement in East and West, the lecturer went on to discus. the significance of the term "race," its theoretical value and practical obscurity. The questions to be discussed at the Congress, being general human interests, arose out of the great cross-divisions of mankind. The purpose In each case was to foster the tendency to substitute co-operation for conflict.

This article presents the report of the Council of the Sociological Society for the year 1910. A prolonged disturbance in the sphere of politics inevitably militates against the well-being of a learned society, more especially when, as in the case of the Sociological Society, its activities are related in greater or less degree to all the influences of social development and change. The Society has maintained its position, and has, in fact, received during the past few months a larger measure of public notice, especially in the way of press reports, than it has enjoyed since the first years of its existence. This is due, doubtless, partly to the fact that the papers have in the main dealt with subjects rather closely concerned with contemporary problems, but also, it may be said, to the growing recognition of the fact that the Society is rendering a valuable service in providing a platform upon which questions of high importance to civilized society may be discussed without reference to sectional or party interests.

The article presents the annual report of the Sociological Society for the year 1923-24. During this period a meeting of the society was held in the autumn term in 1923, that included a course of lectures on "The Bearing of Psycho-Analysis upon Sociological Problems." Also one ordinary meeting was held during the autumn term on October 31, 1923, at which sociologist Flinders Petrie delivered an address on "The Growth and Decay of Communities." A meeting was held on November 28, 1923 for which the secretary of the Sociological Society and the manager of Sociological Publications Ltd. were jointly responsible. Writer Huntly Carter read a paper to a large audience on "The New Theatre in Soviet Russia: Its Conception, Organisation and Work," illustrated by lantern slides. The Social Psychology Group of the Sociological Society has continued its work during the period under consideration. A short questionnaire, suitable for wide distribution, has now been drawn up, in addition to the longer one previously used for the more intensive study of family conditions.

The article presents the annual report of the sociological society for the year 1920-1921. The Annual Report of the Sociological Society, published in the Sociological Review on October 1920, included an account of the Society's work after its removal from the London School of Economics to Leplay House, and up to the last Annual General Meeting in July 1920. The symposium on "Impressions of the New Germany" will be held on October 25, 1921. A symposium on "Theology and Sociology" will be held on November 9, 1921. A paper on "Suggestions Towards a Science of Corporate Life" will be held on November 23, 1921. A joint meeting with the S.E. Union of Scientific Societies, and the Regional Association, "The Saffron Walden Survey," will be held on April 22, 1922. Joint meetings with the regional association, "Co-operation in Social Studies," and "The Municipal Survey of Sheffield," will be held on May 12, 1922 and June 1922 respectively. The article also presents information about the last meeting of the Summer Term which was held on June 14, 1921

Presents an obituary for sociologist John MacDonnell.

This article provides an overview of a report of the Conference on New Ideals in Education held at Oxford from July 29 to August 5, 1916. The paper by Mr. Arrowsmith, headmaster of Mixenden Elementary School, a rural school near Halifax , marks such a beginning concealed under the somewhat unpromising title of Physiological Education in an Elementary School. By literature is understood all forms of speaking, writing, reading, poetry and dramatic representation. Dr. Crowley's account of the open air school and its possibilities should not be overlooked, but much of what he recommends is done at such a school as Mixenden, though no doubt further modification of the type of buildings used there, as elsewhere, would be highly desirable.

The article comments on Arthur St. John's essay on the roles of community and its children. The article also discusses the kind of discipline to be used in childhood. Captain Arthur St. John's paper summarizes and explains very thoroughly, and almost exhaustively, the various agencies around which experiments controversies, and finally success will range. The human civilization, and especially the educational system which is a part of it, would deny to the children of the community that joy of life which nature lavishes on the birds, the trees, and the flowers. As Captain St. John so truly remarks, one of the strongest childish instincts is that of play. Their pleasure and their joy take the outward form of expression in play. Yet play is, or has been, the one thing contraband in school. This may not have harmed children very much in some classes of society, because they have had ample time and means for making up the deficiency out of school hours. A certain kind of discipline, peculiar to school, has been imposed on children during school age, to be withdrawn when school days were over. And then such an imposed discipline would automatically dissolves after school life. How can we expect such a sudden change will not affect the lives of the school children? If we have to make them a responsible citizen they should be told the importance of freedom and how to use that freedom from the very beginning.

The article focuses on the paper on present tendencies in class differentiation by lecturer F.G. D'aeth presented at the meeting of the Sociological Society in London, England. The object of D'aeth's paper was to show that the basis determining class had changed during the past 150 years from that of social position of the family to that of ability of the individual, and that the present class constitution was tending more accurately to represent a grading of ability. Class determination by family and birth which existed 150 years ago had been broken down by three forces: the economic development of society, the education movement, and the formation of the large town. Passage from one class to another was rendered much easier, not only on account of the removal of social barriers but also, partly by the enormous increase, in the number of new posts--thus affording opportunity to hitherto undeveloped forms of ability, and partly by the much greater capacity for expansion within a single occupation--thus affording scope for degree of ability. In view of the importance of ability and its influence in determining the construction of society, it was desirable to study its forms, its distribution in a people, and the laws of its production and transmission.

This article presents information about several papers published in different journals related to the field of sociology. In second volume of the journal "Eugenics Review," Dr. David Star Jordan, in an article on war and manhood, discusses the biological significance of the dictum of Sophocles, war does not of choice destroy bad men, but good men ever. He quotes from the historians, notably Dr. Otto Seeck, in support of the contention that the civilization of the old world were destroyed, not by luxury or over culture, but by militarism, the reversed selection of war. The June 1910 issue of the journal "La Science Sociale" contains the text of an address delivered on May 15 last at the Ecole des Roches by M. Paul de Rousiers on the occasion of the unveiling of bust of the late Edmond Demolins. It is an interesting appreciation of Demolins' work and of the principles which he wished to embodied in the Ecole des Roches. The July issue of the same journal is devoted entirely to the Ecole des Roches. It contains a record of the school's ten years' work, reports of the speeches delivered at the unveiling of the Demolins' bust.

This article focuses on sociology in the English novel. Any endeavour to set forth in a few pages the sociological significance of the novel must of necessity yield results of a very meagre and imperfect kind. The title chosen for this paper seemed at first glance to fix a reasonable limit to the subject, whereas in point of fact it implies the throwing of a net over the whole field of modern fiction. The difficulty is not to discover sociology in fiction, but to find anything therein that is without sociological value and meaning. The truth obviously is that in the novel, which is the characteristic art form of modern literature the authors have the most comprehensive presentation of contemporary society but extraordinarily detailed, various and in large measure truthful. The middle period of the nineteenth century witnessed a remarkable development of the English novel. From being merely a narrative of passion, fashion, or adventure, a record of individual character and humours, it became the complex medium for psychological analysis, for ethical theory and discuss and for the description and exposition of social and economic change. The novel of to-day is in a fairly full sense the house of life and its mansions are without number.

The suitability of a dwelling for any particular household depends upon a number of things. The extent to which a dwelling is suitable may in large measure govern not only the degree of satisfaction experienced by the occupants, but may actually affect household activities. Any study which seeks to relate family behavior to house design can be expected to contribute to improved housing. This paper is concerned with evening activities in the home, and is based on some of the results of a more comprehensive inquiry originally suggested and planned by the Social Survey Panel of the Scientific Advisory Committee to the Minister of Works.

The unofficial strike described in this paper took place during a study of the sociology of a mine and a mining community in Scotland. The authors knew that a strike was imminent and, when the action threshold was thought to be near, one or the other kept a daily watch at the colliery. As a result the whole social process was observed except for a few minutes at the start. So far as the authors are aware this is the first detailed sociological description and analysis of a common enough social phenomenon. Lack of funds prevented further investigation of this nature, especially of the methods of prediction of the action threshold.

This paper analyzes the processes by which values are transmitted and inherited from one generation to another and advances a theory by which to account for the very remarkable hold they sometimes get over men's minds. The Arapesh man, for example, usually devotes his existence to the loving care of his wife, his children, his pigs, his house and his garden. He judges people by their pursuit of the goals that he pursues, and these include not only the tending of his family and possessions but the friendly spirit in which this is performed. A child picks up certain actions, responses, habits, by imitation; in so doing he or she apprehends them as things to-be-done, and this quality engages the will. The infant's instinct of hunger sets a value on its satisfaction. If a strong instinctive impulse clashes with the standards of the adult environment, intense conflict may arise. When judgment crystallises freely out of experience, the assent of the will follows naturally, unless unconscious forces interfere. Young toddlers also learn to modify natural impulses through spontaneous identification with other children. A baby's parents may bring out, by the way they treat him or her, certain of his or her impulses more frequently and more intensely than others. A less obvious example of the effect of reward is what people call spoiling. If an infant is kept continually hungry and never fully satisfied, any satisfaction that it can seize on, such as sucking his thumb, is likely to become compulsive.

This paper deals with the value of land which is the basis of all real property values. There can be no system of values in human life without thinking and comparing minds, and value itself cannot be objectified until a relationship is established between it and living persons. To the conscious community-builder there must be a community value for every piece of land. An element in community value is the price which the community has to pay for its own decision to use a piece of land for a particular purpose and thereby to forego its use for any other purpose, however profitable in the short-run such other use might appear to be. In the ordinary capitalist market, however, the density to which a piece of residential land can be developed conditions the market value. It is clear that unless there exist a sound framework in which property values are in a true relation to social values the economic structure will be subjected to internal stresses which will ultimately destroy it. Opportunities for graft could not be excluded and there might certainly be a scramble of conflicting interests whether inter-departmental or extra-governmental. Changes in the social order are always accompanied by disruption of employment and also by a considerable change in land values.