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Demographic change projects an increase in the number of older adults, so it is essential to have adequate strategies to promote a healthy life. The objective was to carry out a systematic review of the publications from the years 2015-2020. The analysis used the PIO questions technique : P (population of interest), I (intervention), O (outcome/result) in the Pubmed, PsycInfo, Ovid, and Redalyc databases, and MeSH terms older adults'; physical activation; cognitive training and quality of life. The search included the Boolean NOT connector with fragility and disease. Of the total articles (n = 1651), articles published before 2015 (n = 643), without access to the full text (n = 323), with participants with comorbidity (n = 312), were discarded since interventions included programs for populations with different diseases. Eleven published articles were selected, leading to a Flow chart. The main findings describe the techniques used in the professional's profile and variables. In conclusion, cognitive training improves memory, inhibition, flexibility, selective attention, self-esteem, and quality of life. In comparison, physical exercise promotes increased muscle tone, balance, and strength and a lower risk of falls. The findings suggest combining both interventions leads to enhanced effects and favors a better quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Las personas de 60 años y más experimentan una serie de complicaciones biopsicosociales que pueden afectar la ejecución de actividades de la vida diaria y posiblemente con ello su independencia, autoeficacia y calidad de vida, no obstante, poco se conoce si dichas variables realmente están asociadas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar la asociación entre calidad de vida y autoeficacia para realizar actividades cotidianas, así como con otras variables de índole sociodemográfico en un grupo de adultos mayores mexicanos; 102 participantes contestaron el Cuestionario de Detección de Salud en la Vejez (ex profeso), el Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida para Adultos Mayores (WHOQoL-OLD) y el instrumento de Autoeficacia para Realizar Actividades Cotidianas (AeRAC-Breve). Los hombres presentaron mejor calidad de vida (U = .036, p < .05); se obtuvo una correlación positiva de magnitud pequeña entre el WHOQoL-OLD y el AeRAC-Breve (r = .363, p < .000). Las correlaciones más altas se encontraron en la dimensión tres de ambos instrumentos (intimidad y relaciones sociales; r = .768, p < .001) y la seis del WHOQoL-OLD con la dimensión tres del AeRAC-Breve (r = .855, p < .001). Poco más de la mitad de la muestra presentó niveles intermedios y bajos en el WHOQoL-OLD y AeRAC-Breve. Continuar con el estudio de estas variables (calidad de vida y actividades de la vida diaria) permitirá la formulación de un modelo teórico sólido, que a su vez dé paso al diseño de intervenciones psicológicas dirigidas a la población envejecida. for The Elderly (WHOQoL-OLD), and a Self-Efficacy instrument on Everyday Activities (AeRAC-Brief). Men showed better quality of life (U = .036, p < .05); and modest positive correlation resulted between WHOQoL-OLD and AeRAC-Brief (r = .363, p < .000). The highest correlations were found in intimacy and social relations in both instruments; r = 7.68, p < .001) and dimension six of WHOQoL-OLD with the dimension three of AeRAC-Brief (r = .855, p < .001). Just over half of the sample showed intermediate and low levels in WHOQoL-OLD and AeRAC-Brief. Results point toward the need to study these variables further to formulate a more solid theoretical model, which will, in turn, lead to the design of psychological interventions aimed at the elderly population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the independent predicting value of loneliness, age, presence-absence of health conditions, presence-absence of a partner and living alone or with others, for predicting depression and quality of life in elderly participants. Method. A total of 489 adults aged 60 to 97 from the northwestern state of Sonora (Mexico) participated. All participants completed the ESTE scale to measure self-perceived loneliness, the Yesavage Geriatrics Depression Scale and the WHOQOL-OLD to measure quality of life. Results. The main findings indicate that negative perceptions of life experiences in old age, perceived social and family isolation, as well as growing older, becoming ill, and not having a partner, are the main loneliness dimensions explaining depressive symptoms and poor quality of life in the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generativity refers to the ability of individuals to develop and make contributions to the environments in which they live. This concept suggests differences between expressing interest and actually engaging in generative behavior. Although these options seem to relate to different concepts they probably influence each other, so expressing interest in certain generative activities is likely to be transformed into actual behaviors. Hence the objective of the present study was to identify what generative interest expressions actually result in what behaviors and analyze whether this implies a statistically significant association. An additional purpose was to examine if socio-demographic variables such as gender and schooling reflect a differential effect of interest on generative behavior in Mexican older adults. A total of 188 participants responded to two instruments: the Loyola Generativity Scale (EGL) and the Generative Behaviors Scale (ECG) for generative actions. Results suggest that increased interest by participants actually increases the frequency of generative behavior. However, there was no correspondence between the type of activities participants declared interest and the type of actually shown behaviors. Gender differences showed little association consistency while schooling showed a statistically significant association with generative activities and an increased clinical effect for participants with at least high school. We finally conclude that older adults tend to perform activities they are not interested in, while expressing interest in generative actions performed infrequently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study takes some elements of qualitative and quantitative content analysis methodology in order to describe how a group of senior adult participants evaluate, through their verbal responses and drawings, their experience of participating in workshops based on Gestalt therapy strategies. The study also explored the feasibility and compatibility of semantic networks as a methodological strategy for research on Gestalt psychotherapy. It also sought to identify some benchmarks for evaluating the experiences by older adults. The study gathered information through three instruments: a) graphic projective techniques, b) group interviewing and c) focus-group-type semantic networks. Analyses included previously defined polarity elements as well as other recognized and defined indicators derived from the focus group outcomes. Results showed changes in both polarities in all three defined empirical indicators. Results of the semantic network analysis turned out to be compatible with the methodological principles of Gestalt psychotherapy which points to an instrument suitable for the use of such methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to study gratitude, considerated as an existential attitude, giving a special interest to its possible relation with psychological well-being in older adults. The information was collected through two instruments. Participants: 27 adultts between 63 and 96 years of age, at a residence and day center, selected through incidental sampling. Results show that gratitude, measured as an existential attitude, is significantly related to four out of five dimensions considered in the psychological well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between sex, age and satisfaction with the frequency of leisure activities in 794 Mexican adults up to 60 years old, of which 54% were female and 46% male. A female-male version of an Inventory of Leisure Activities in Older Adults was developed and individually completed, including a socioeconomic data sheet and a leisure activities checklist. Significant differences by sex were obtained in the frequency of leisure activities, mainly on those activities carried out by women at home and at older adults meeting groups, and others related to non-physically demanding leisure activities. Both sexes' leisure activities differences by age group indicate that social and out of home activities are the first to decrease with increasing age. Both sexes' leisure activities related to greater satisfaction involve solitary activities, followed by social and physical leisure activities respectively. It is concluded that sex and age are key factors while designing interventions to promote and maintain leisure activities in older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study object of the present paper was to describe the characteristics of caregivers of older adults with dementia in a rural region, as well as the relationship between these characteristics and the perceived burden by their caregivers. The study used a cross-sectional population- based design with 15 primary caregivers as participants. Participants responded to the he Zarit's Caregiver Burden Interview and the Self-Report Questionnaire. Results indicate that the average adjusted scores of the Zarit Interview have a significantly correlation with caregiver's psychological morbidity, as well as the influence of several environmental context features on caregiver burden. Although Zarit scores were relatively low in comparison to those obtained in other studies, the authors recommend to increase the support given to caregivers and further implementing psychosocial interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire in 794 Mexican female and male older adults up to 60 years of age. Participants completed a socioeconomic data sheet, the Spanish version of the WHOQOL-OLD, the Geriatric Depression Scale and a subjective well-being scale. The WHOQOL-OLD divergent and convergent validity was assessed in relation to depression and subjective well-being, respectively. Analyses also included validity by sex, age, schooling, health status and depressive symptoms, as well as factor validity, and internal consistency by specific dimensions and by the total number of items of the WHOQOL-OLD. The instrument showed divergent and convergent validity concerning depressive symptoms and subjective well-being respectively. Discriminant validity was high by age group, schooling, health status and significant depressive symptoms. Factor analysis yielded six factors, explaining 65% of the total variance, and internal consistency (Cronbach 's alpha) for the total of items was high. It is concluded that the Spanish version of WHOQOLOLD is a reliable and valid questionnaire for Mexican older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]