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Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Diabetic foot ulcers have been receiving increased attention due to the severity of the situations and the large number of diabetic patients, whose prevalence exceeds 10% of the Portuguese population. The lack of feet vigilance among diabetic patients is an actual problem which limits the identification of risk factors, prevention and early intervention. To overcome this problem, nurses need to be familiar with and perform procedures for regular vigilance and assessment of the risk for ulceration in diabetic patients. Therefore, this paper aims to update knowledge on diabetic foot and characterise the process of assessing the risk for foot ulceration in diabetic patients. Recent scientific papers, reports, monographs and guidelines published on this topic were analysed. Despite the different opinions and differences, we concluded that the theoretical frameworks found are a sufficiently sound basis for nursing intervention, and that the existing legal framework is relatively simple, objective and achievable. The assessment of the risk for diabetic foot ulceration is within the reach of family nurses, particularly regarding the competences of level 1 teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Scientific evidence suggests that bullying is an increasingly common phenomenon in schools, with a significant number of health consequences. Thus, its prevention should be considered a priority. So as to identify the factors involved in the phenomenon of bullying in schools, a systematic literature review was conducted using the database Biblioteca do Conhecimento Online (b-on) with the following keywords: "bullying/bullying school context", and the following inclusion criteria: participants (5th-9th grade students); variables under analysis (factors inplicated in the phenomenon of bullying), without restrictions related to study design. Three hundred and fifty-one papers were identified, 132 of which were not accessible. Taking into account the inclusion criteria, 203 papers were eliminated, and the remaining 16 were analyzed. From the analysis of the results of the studies included in this literature review, four types of factors emerged: factors related to sociodemographic variables; factors related to personal variables; factors related to the family dimension; and also factors related to school variables. According to these typologies, various protective and risk factors related to the bullying phenomenon were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: research and publication, in the international scientific scene, about spirituality and health have been growing since the 90s, particularly in nursing care. Objectives: to identify and analyze Portuguese scientific publications in nursing, bioethics and health journals, from 1990 to July 2010. Method: manual and electronic searches in Portuguese nursing journals, bioethics journal and health journal, a total of 21 titles. Results: the sample was constituted by 17 papers retrieved from 1217 issues searched. Those were: nine concept analysis papers, four research papers, two personal reflection papers and two systematic reviews. The analysis allowed us to categorize spirituality in two dimensions - the human dimension of the healthy or ill person and the caring dimension. Conclusions: scientific publication about spirituality in nursing care, released in Portugal, is represented mostly by reflection papers and theoretical reviews. The quantity of empirical studies is smaller. Besides the development of research in this area, it is important that publication is to be accomplished in national journals in order to achieve effective knowledge dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article gives information about this journal's purpose of publishing original research and its editorial policy.

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present paper results of a reflective exercise carriedthrough by the authors in continuity of the workconducted with the contribution of the nursing teamsof the services of Medicine of the Hospital Infante D.Pedro, E.P.E. - Aveiro. It is centred in the area of theSystems of Information and Documentation inNursing, more properly in the area of the informaticsregisters of Nursing using Language of the InternationalClassification of Nursing Practice (ICNP®) andfollowing the theoretical orientations of the Model ofCares of Virginia Henderson.The initial concern had to do with the necessity tocreate a document of initial evaluation of nursing ofthe sick people in language ICNP®, according to theBasic Human Needs, who later allowed being adaptedto the System of Support to the Nursing Practice(SAPE®). In this direction, diverse reflections in theattempt had been developed to convert the currentlyused nomenclature into the definition of the BasicHuman Needs in language ICNP®.Of the carried through reflections, one concluded thatthe Basic Human Needs beings as Virginia Hendersonconverted into language ICNP® would be: breath andcirculation; self-care: to drink and to eat; elimination;self-care: physical activity; self-care: behaviour sleep -rest; self-care: clothes; self-care: hygiene/to protect theteguments; conscience, emotion and precaution;communication, sensation and social interaction; belief;papers interaction/ welfare; self-care: recreate activity;learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Contexto: a investigação e divulgação no panorama científico internacional acerca da espiritualidade e saúde têm vindo a desenhar um movimento crescente desde a década de 90, em particular, nos cuidados de enfermagem. Objetivos: Identificar e analisar a produção científica publicada em revistas portuguesas de enfermagem, bioética e saúde, desde 1990 até julho de 2010. Método: optou-se pelo método de pesquisa manual e eletrónica nas revistas portuguesas de enfermagem, nos Cadernos de Bioética e nos Cadernos de Saúde, num total de 21 títulos. Resultados: a amostra é constituída por 17 artigos selecionados de 1217 números pesquisados. Nove artigos de revisão de conceitos, quatro artigos de investigação, dois artigos de reflexão pessoal e duas revisões sistemáticas de literatura. A análise permitiu categorizar a espiritualidade em duas dimensões - dimensão humana da pessoa sã ou doente e dimensão do cuidar. Conclusões: a produção científica sobre a espiritualidade nos cuidados de enfermagem divulgada em Portugal é representada, na sua maioria, por artigos de reflexão e de revisão teórica. É menor o número de estudos empíricos. É importante que, além do desenvolvimento da investigação nesta área, a sua divulgação seja feita de preferência nas publicações nacionais, para uma efetiva divulgação do conhecimento produzido.Contexto: la investigación y divulgación en el panorama científico internacional acerca de la espiritualidad y de la salud ha desembocado en un movimiento creciente desde la década de 90, en particular, en los cuidados de enfermería. Objetivos: identificar y analizar la producción científica publicada en revistas portuguesas de enfermería, bioética y salud, de 1990 hasta julio del 2010. Método: se optó por el método de pesquisa manual y electrónica en revistas portuguesas de enfermería, en los Cadernos de Bioética y en los Cadernos da Saúde, sumando un total de 21 títulos. Resultados: la muestra está constituida por 17 artículos seleccionados de los 1217 números pesquisados. Nueve artículos de revisión de conceptos, cuatro artículos de investigación, dos artículos de reflexión personal y dos revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura. El análisis permitió categorizar la espiritualidad en dos dimensiones - la dimensión humana de la persona sana o enferma y la dimensión del cuidar. Conclusiones: la producción científica sobre la espiritualidad en los cuidados de enfermería divulgada en Portugal es representada, en su mayoría, por artículos de reflexión y revisión teórica. En menor número se encuentran los estudios empíricos. Es importante que, además del desarrollo de la investigación en esta área, su divulgación sea hecha de preferencia en las publicaciones nacionales, para una efectiva divulgación del conocimiento producido.Context: research and publication, in the international scientific scene, about spirituality and health have been growing since the 90s, particularly in nursing care. Objectives: to identify and analyze Portuguese scientific publications in nursing, bioethics and health journals, from 1990 to July 2010. Method: manual and electronic searches in Portuguese nursing journals, bioethics journal and health journal, a total of 21 titles. Results: the sample was constituted by 17 papers retrieved from 1217 issues searched. Those were: nine concept analysis papers, four research papers, two personal reflection papers and two systematic reviews. The analysis allowed us to categorize spirituality in two dimensions the human dimension of the healthy or ill person and the caring dimension. Conclusions: scientific publication about spirituality in nursing care, released in Portugal, is represented mostly by reflection papers and theoretical reviews. The quantity of empirical studies is smaller. Besides the development of research in this area, it is important that publication is to be accomplished in national journals in order to achieve effective knowledge dissemination.

As evidências científicas sugerem que o bullying é um fenómeno cada vez mais frequente no contexto escolar, ao qual está inerente um vasto número de consequências para a saúde, pelo que, a sua prevenção deve constituir uma área prioritária. Com o objetivo de identificar os fatores implicados no fenómeno do bullying em contexto escolar, efetuou-se uma revisão da literatura de forma sistematizada na Biblioteca do Conhecimento Online (b-on) com as seguintes palavras-chave: “bullying/bullying school context”, considerando os seguintes critérios de inclusão: participantes (estudantes do 2º e 3º ciclo); variáveis em estudo (fatores implicados no fenómeno do bullying), sem restrições relativas ao desenho dos estudos. Foram identificados 351 artigos, dos quais não foi possível aceder a 132. Considerando os critérios de inclusão, foram eliminados 203 artigos, os restantes 16 foram analisados. Da análise dos resultados dos estudos que integram esta revisão da literatura, emergem quatro tipologias de fatores, os fatores relacionados com as variáveis sociodemográficas, os fatores relacionados com as variáveis pessoais, os relativos à dimensão familiar e ainda os relacionados com as variáveis escolares. Em função destas tipologias, identificaram-se diversos fatores protetores e fatores de risco implicados no fenómeno de bullying.Las evidencias científicas sugieren que el acoso es un fenómeno cada vez más frecuente en el contexto escolar, al cual está inherente un vasto número de consecuencias para la salud, por lo que su prevención debe constituir un área prioritaria. Con el objetivo de identificar a los factores implicados en el fenómeno del acoso en contexto escolar, se efectuó una revisión de la literatura de forma sistematizada en la “Biblioteca do Conhecimento Online” (b-on) con las siguientes palabras clave: “bullying/bullying school context”, considerando los siguientes criterios de inclusión: participantes (estudiantes del 2º y 3º ciclos de educación); variables bajo estudio (factores implicados en el fenómeno de acoso), sin restricciones relativas al diseño de los estudios. Se identificaron 351 artículos, entre los cuales no fue posible acceder a 132. Considerando los criterios de inclusión, fueron eliminados 203 artículos, los restantes 16 fueron analizados. Del análisis de los resultados de los estudios que integran esta revisión de la literatura, emergieron cuatro tipologías de factores: aquellos relacionados con las variables sociodemográficas, aquellos relacionados con las variables personales, aquellos relativos a la dimensión familiar y aun aquellos relacionados con las variables escolares. En función de estas tipologías, se identificaron diversos factores protectores y factores de riesgo implicados en el fenómeno de acoso.Scientific evidence suggests that bullying is an increasingly common phenomenon in schools, with a significant number of health consequences. Thus, its prevention should be considered a priority. So as to identify the factors involved in the phenomenon of bullying in schools, a systematic literature review was conducted using the database Biblioteca do Conhecimento Online (b-on) with the following keywords: “bullying/bullying school context”, and the following inclusion criteria: participants (5th- 9th grade students); variables under analysis (factors inplicated in the phenomenon of bullying), without restrictions related to study design. Three hundred and fifty-one papers were identified, 132 of which were not accessible. Taking into account the inclusion criteria, 203 papers were eliminated, and the remaining 16 were analyzed. From the analysis of the results of the studies included in this literature review, four types of factors emerged: factors related to sociodemographic variables; factors related to personal variables; factors related to the family dimension; and also factors related to school variables. According to these typologies, various protective and risk factors related to the bullying phenomenon were identified.

Este artigo tem como objectivos a descrição e análise do processo de tomada de decisão (interpretativo e conclusivo) em estatística, quando se recorre a testes de hipóteses. É apresentada a lógica do processo decisório e os conceitos de erros tipo I e II, poder do teste e magnitude do efeito (effect size), demonstrados a partir da medida «d» de magnitude do efeito. O artigo dirige-se a duas situações críticas: resultados com significado estatístico mas sem significado clínico efectivo; e resultados sem significado estatístico mas que se devem a problemas relacionados com a natureza dos fenómenos, effect size pequeno e reduzido tamanho da amostra.Este artículo tiene el doble objetivo de describir y el analizar el proceso de toma de decisión (interpretativo y conclusivo) cuando se recurre en estadística a tests de hipótesis. Se presenta a continuación la lógica del proceso decisorio y los conceptos de errores de tipo I y II, la potencia de la prueba y el tamaño del efecto (effect size), demostrados a partir de la medida «d» de tamaño del efecto. El artículo se orienta hacia dos situaciones críticas: resultados con significado estadístico aunque sin significado clínico efectivo; y resultados sin significado estadístico pero que se deben a problemas relacionados con la naturaleza de los fenómenos, tamaño del efecto pequeño y reducido tamaño de la muestra.This paper aims to describe and analyse the decision-making process (conclusive and interpretative) in statistics when performing hypothesis tests. The logic of the decision process is presented, as well as the concepts of type I and type II errors, power of the test and effect size. We also make demonstrations of effect size «d» measure. This paper targets two critical situations: results of statistical significance but no real clinical significance, and results without statistical significance but which are due to problems related to the nature of the phenomena, small effect size and small sample size.

Childhood unintentional injuries have been considered as a study area which needs to be further developed, as it is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and, even when nonfatal, may have countless consequences for the children, their families and the community. This paper aims to identify the factors which influence the risk of unintentional injury in children up to four years living in a domestic/family environment. To this end, the Delphi technique was used to gather a panel of 15 to 23 multidisciplinary experts, and consensus was achieved after three rounds. Based on literature review and on the use of the abovementioned methodology, we concluded that injuries are multifactorial and that these factors are interactive and can be organized in four dimensions: child, primary caregiver/family, risk behaviours, and environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem Referência is the property of Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this paper is to describe the framework and methodology of +Contigo, registered in UICISA:E. The mental health promotion and prevention of suicidal behavior in schools continues to be an object of study. Knowing the importance of school as a place of intervention, studies with the robustness of the methodological point of view, that confirm the effectiveness of such measures are scarce. The objectives of the Project +Contigo are promoting mental health and wellbeing and prevent suicidal behavior in young people attending 3rd cycle and secondary education. Interventions include training for health professionals in the influence area of the school, teacher training, awareness of tutors/caregivers, four moments of intervention in the classroom for students, with three stages of evaluation by questionnaire (diagnostic evaluation; after intervention; six months after intervention). In each school a control group will be defined, without specific intervention. The results obtained in the preliminary years allow us to believe that the Project +Contigo can bring new evidence on the prevention and suicidal behavior in schools, with a network intervention and cost-effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In papers published by nurses, there is no consensus on the most appropriate concept to describe the clinical condition known as delirium, but also as acute confusion. Objective: To determine the coherence in use of the concepts of delirium and acute confusion by nurses. Data sources: The bibliographic search covered the international literature published between 2000 and 2010. The sample was composed of 7 free access articles. Discussion: The results highlight a lack of rigor in the use of concepts, lack of knowledge of the characteristics of delirium and the preferential use of ‘confusion’ by nurses, and difficulties in research because of theoretical differences between investigators and care providers. Implications for nursing: We suggest that research should focus on defining the concept that best defines the problem, clarifying the differences and characteristics and the clinical utility of concept(s) for nurses; this information should be incorporated in the training of nurses; measuring instruments should be used in clinical practice; and a common language should be disseminated among nurses. Conclusion: The importance of this field is undeniable if the care provided is to meet the aims of quality and excellence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complexities of therapeutic nursing require the adoption of clinical practice based on scientific evidence. In the context of optimization of the use of central venous catheters, there is much controversy regarding the use or not of heparin as a way to reduce the risk of obstruction. Therefore nurses should know about the best available scientific evidence in order to promote patient safety. In this context, the idea was to find out which solution (heparin or saline) is more effective in preventing obstruction of central venous catheters. We conducted a systematic literature review between 14 October 2012 and 15 January 2013, and analyzed scientific papers included in the databases MEDline with full text, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and CINAHL Plus with Full Text presented in PubMed and EBSCOhost Web. Normal saline solution seems to be as effective as a heparinized solution with regard to catheter patency in adult patients. The scientific evidence on the subject is limited, and there is need to conduct more randomized clinical trials comparing the use of these solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is strong scientific evidence supporting the close relationship between the educational style, and practices associated with it, as key predictors and determinants of psychosocial development of children and adolescents. The objective of this paper is to understand the influence that parenting has, especially the emotional component and control in the acquisition of emotional and social skills of the young. The methodology consisted in a critical reflection on the literature review carried out. It is concluded that the authoritative style, a parental praxis that maximizes emotional intelligence, with emphasis on proper supervision and moderate disciplinary methods is fundamental to the development of emotionally competent adults preventing, this way, behavioral problems such as internalizing or externalizing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For most women, breast cancer and the frequent amputation foster the development of a negative impact on their body image and, therefore, on their sexuality. The breast is closely related to female identity, maturity, sexuality and motherhood, so the impact of mastectomy on women seems to be clear, leading to challenges for perioperative nurses. Accordingly we produced this paper, whose main objective was to integrate and analyze data from studies, contributing to a better understanding of the current situation and promoting increased quality of care. To this end, research was undertaken using the following databases: Medline interfaced with PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Repertoire Open Access Scientific Portugal and CINAHL, from which 6 studies were selected according to defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the studies analyzed show that depreciation of body image is directly related to the experience of sexuality such that the more mutilating the surgery, the greater the decline in body image. In this context, nursing interventions, particularly informative, are of extremely important, because they facilitate adaptive processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]