27 results on '"Jorge I F Salluh"'
Search Results
2. Prediction of intensive care units length of stay: a concise review
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Silvio Hamacher, Fernando Luiz Cyrino Oliveira, Igor Tona Peres, Jorge I. F. Salluh, and Fernando A. Bozza
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business.industry ,health care facilities, manpower, and services ,General Medicine ,Length of Stay ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Intensive care unit ,law.invention ,Icu admission ,Intensive Care Units ,law ,Intensive care ,Commentary ,medicine ,Humans ,Resource use ,Hospital Mortality ,Medical emergency ,Quality of care ,Proxy (statistics) ,business - Abstract
The length of stay (LOS) in the intensive care unit (ICU) is one of the most commonly used metrics for quality of care. Despite its potential limitations, ICU LOS is easy to measure, reproducible and can be used as a proxy for resource use, costs, and efficiency.(1) Moreover, it is a patientcentered outcome; therefore, it is of interest to multiple stakeholders, such as patients and families, managers, payors, and ICU personnel. However, in most circumstances, the ICU LOS is used retrospectively to assess ICU efficiency or to understand patients with a long LOS and, thus, elevated costs of care. Therefore, patient LOS prediction at ICU admission could help coordinate care, implement preventive measures, and better communicate with managers, payors, and families, setting realistic expectations.
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- 2021
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3. A cost-effectiveness analysis of propofol versus midazolam for the sedation of adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit
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Danielle F. Bastos, Raphaela Garcia, Marcelo Cunio Machado Fonseca, Paulo Sérgio Lucas da Silva, Teresa Raquel de Moraes Andrade, Jorge I. F. Salluh, and Daniela Farah
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Midazolam ,artificial ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypnotics and Sedatives ,Estado terminal ,Propofol ,Gynecology ,Intensive care units ,RC86-88.9 ,Adulto ,business.industry ,Respiration ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,General Medicine ,Hospitalization ,Intensive Care Units ,Unidades de terapia intensiva ,Respiração artificial ,Original Article ,Cost-effectiveness ,Custo-efetividades ,Critical illness ,business - Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Construir um modelo de custo-efetividade para comparar o uso de propofol com o de midazolam em pacientes críticos adultos sob uso de ventilação mecânica. Métodos: Foi construído um modelo de árvore decisória para pacientes críticos submetidos à ventilação mecânica, o qual foi analisado sob a perspectiva do sistema privado de saúde no Brasil. O horizonte temporal foi o da internação na unidade de terapia intensiva. Os desfechos foram custo-efetividade por hora de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva evitada e custo-efetividade por hora de ventilação mecânica evitada. Foram obtidos os dados do modelo a partir de metanálise prévia. Assumiu-se que o custo da medicação estava incluído nos custos da unidade de terapia intensiva. Conduziram-se análises univariada e de sensibilidade probabilística. Resultados: Pacientes mecanicamente ventilados em uso de propofol tiveram diminuição de sua permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva e na duração da ventilação mecânica, respectivamente, em 47,97 horas e 21,65 horas. Com o uso de propofol, ocorreu redução média do custo de U$2.998,971 em comparação ao uso do midazolam. A custo-efetividade por hora de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva evitada e por hora de ventilação mecânica evitada foi dominante, respectivamente, em 94,40% e 80,8% do tempo. Conclusão: Ocorreu diminuição significante do custo associado ao uso de propofol, no que se refere à permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva e à duração da ventilação mecânica para pacientes críticos adultos. ABSTRACT Objective: To build a cost-effectiveness model to compare the use of propofol versus midazolam in critically ill adult patients under mechanical ventilation. Methods: We built a decision tree model for critically ill patients submitted to mechanical ventilation and analyzed it from the Brazilian private health care system perspective. The time horizon was that of intensive care unit hospitalization. The outcomes were cost-effectiveness per hour of intensive care unit stay avoided and cost-effectiveness per hour of mechanical ventilation avoided. We retrieved data for the model from a previous meta-analysis. We assumed that the cost of medication was embedded in the intensive care unit cost. We conducted univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Results: Mechanically ventilated patients using propofol had their intensive care unit stay and the duration of mechanical ventilation decreased by 47.97 hours and 21.65 hours, respectively. There was an average cost reduction of US$ 2,998.971 for propofol when compared to midazolam. The cost-effectiveness per hour of intensive care unit stay and mechanical ventilation avoided were dominant 94.40% and 80.8% of the time, respectively. Conclusion: There was a significant reduction in costs associated with propofol use related to intensive care unit stay and duration of mechanical ventilation for critically ill adult patients.
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- 2021
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4. Use of biomarkers in pediatric sepsis: literature review
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Vanessa Soares Lanziotti, José Roberto Lapa e Silva, Pedro Póvoa, Jorge I. F. Salluh, Arnaldo Prata Barbosa, and Marcio Soares
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Human neutrophil ,Intensive care units, pediatric ,Sepse ,Criança ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Rational use ,Procalcitonin ,Sepsis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pediatric sepsis ,030225 pediatrics ,medicine ,Humans ,Intensive care medicine ,Child ,Review Articles ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica ,Infant ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Biomarcadores ,Risk stratification ,business ,Biomarkers ,Biomakers - Abstract
Despite advances in recent years, sepsis is still a leading cause of hospitalization and mortality in infants and children. The presence of biomarkers during the response to an infectious insult makes it possible to use such biomarkers in screening, diagnosis, prognosis (risk stratification), monitoring of therapeutic response, and rational use of antibiotics (for example, the determination of adequate treatment length). Studies of biomarkers in sepsis in children are still relatively scarce. This review addresses the use of biomarkers in sepsis in pediatric patients with emphasis on C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukins 6, 8, and 18, human neutrophil gelatinase, and proadrenomedullin. Assessment of these biomarkers may be useful in the management of pediatric sepsis.
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- 2016
5. Novel biomarkers in severe community-acquired pneumonia
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Jorge I. F. Salluh, Pedro Póvoa, Ligia S.C.F. Rabello, Melissa Tassano Pitrowsky, and Marcio Soares
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medicine.medical_specialty ,prevention & control ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Infecções comunitárias adquiridas ,Disease severity ,Intensive care ,Biological makers ,Medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,prevenção & controle ,business.industry ,Marcadores biológicos ,lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,Community-acquired infections ,General Medicine ,Pneumonia ,lcsh:RC86-88.9 ,Clinical judgment ,drug therapy ,Review article ,antibioticoterapia ,Infectious disease (medical specialty) ,business ,quimioterapia ,Treatment monitoring - Abstract
A pneumonia adquirida na comunidade é a doença infecciosa que mais comumente exige internação em unidades de terapia intensiva e o diagnóstico precoce e preciso da pneumonia adquirida na comunidade ainda é um desafio. Os biomarcadores desempenham um importante papel auxiliando no julgamento clínico no Serviço de Emergência e são adjuvantes na avaliação da resposta terapêutica. Novos biomarcadores como cortisol, proadrenomedulina e endotelina-1 demonstraram estar associados a gravidade da doença e a evolução em curto prazo. Este artigo de revisão irá se basear no uso clínico de novos biomarcadores, na sua capacidade de predizer gravidade e de monitorar a resposta ao tratamento empregado. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common infectious disease requiring admission to intensive care units (ICUs), and achieving an early and precise diagnosis of CAP remains a challenge. Biomarkers play an important role in improving clinical judgment in the emergency room and are adjuvant in evaluating treatment responses. Novel biomarkers, such as cortisol, pro-adrenomedullin and endothelin-1, have been shown to be associated with disease severity and short-term outcomes. This review article focuses on the clinical use of novel biomarkers, severity prediction and treatment monitoring as well as future directions of the field.
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- 2011
6. Importância da monitorização do delirium na unidade de terapia intensiva
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Jorge I. F. Salluh, Marco Antônio Sales Dantas de Lima, Marcio Soares, Melissa Tassano Pitrowsky, and Cássia Righy Shinotsuka
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medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Psychological intervention ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,law.invention ,Orientation (mental) ,law ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,Critically ill ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Organ dysfunction ,Delirium ,Confusão ,General Medicine ,Intensive care unit ,nervous system diseases ,Encefalopatia séptica ,Unidades de terapia intensiva ,Sedative ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
O delirium é um estado confusional agudo associado a maior mortalidade na unidade de terapia intensiva e comprometimento da recuperação funcional em longo prazo. Apesar de sua elevada incidência e relevante impacto nos desfechos de pacientes criticamente enfermos, o delirium continua sendo sub-diagnosticado. Atualmente existem instrumentos validados para diagnosticar e monitorar o delirium, permitindo a detecção precoce dessa disfunção orgânica e início precoce do tratamento. Além dos fatores de risco não modificáveis do paciente, existem aspectos clínicos e ambientais modificáveis que devem ser avaliados para reduzir a ocorrência e gravidade do delirium. Conforme demonstrado por estudos recentes, intervenções para reduzir a exposição a sedatição excessiva e melhorar a orientação do paciente podem estar associadas a redução da incidência de delirium. Baixa incidência de delirium deve ser almejada e considerada como uma medida da qualidade nas unidades de terapia intensiva.
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- 2010
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7. Entendendo o conceito PIRO: da teoria à prática clínica - parte 2
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Maíra M. Rosolem, Ligia S.C.F. Rabello, Juliana Vassalo Rodrigues Leal, Marcio Soares, Thiago Lisboa, and Jorge I. F. Salluh
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Ventilator-associated pneumonia ,General Medicine ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Intensive care unit ,law.invention ,Sepsis ,Clinical Practice ,Clinical trial ,Therapeutic approach ,Community-acquired pneumonia ,law ,Medicine ,business ,Intensive care medicine ,Risk assessment - Abstract
A sepsis staging system focused on predisposition, insult, host response and organ failure may provide a useful basis for risk stratification. Knowledge on interactions among predisposing factors, insult characteristics and host response might help us to improve our understanding on sepsis pathophysiology and allow more individual therapeutic approach. Recent clinical studies documented the clinical importance of PIRO approach for severity stratification in septic patients in intensive care unit, and also for specific conditions such as community acquired pneumonia and ventilator associated pneumonia , with a good performance for outcome prediction. In this review we describe how this new concept can be used in clinical practice and provide some insights on its usefulness to facilitate the stratification and potential for enrollment in clinical trials of sepsis therapies.
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- 2010
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8. Entendendo o conceito PIRO: da teoria à prática clínica - Parte 1
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Ligia S.C.F. Rabello, Thiago Lisboa, Juliana Vassalo Rodrigues Leal, Jorge I. F. Salluh, Maíra M. Rosolem, and Marcio Soares
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Sepsis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Critically ill ,business.industry ,Mortality rate ,medicine ,General Medicine ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Staging system - Abstract
Despite recent advances in diagnosis and care of critically ill patients sepsis related mortality rate remains unacceptably high. Therefore, new methods of evaluation are necessary to provide an earlier and more accurate characterization of septic patients. Based on the (oncologic) TNM system, the PIRO concept was introduced as a new staging system for sepsis in order to assess risk and predict prognosis, with potential to assist in inclusion of patients in clinical studies and estimate the probability of response of patients to specific therapeutic interventions.
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- 2009
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9. O uso da drotrecogina alfa ativada na prática clínica e as atuais evidências
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Andre Carlos Kajdacsy-Balla Amaral, Marcio Soares, Jorge I. F. Salluh, Fernando Osni Machado, and Viviane Bogado Leite Torres
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drotrecogina alfa ativada ,medicine.medical_specialty ,MEDLINE ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,law.invention ,sepsis ,Sepsis ,Patient safety ,proteína-C ativada ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,medicine ,choque séptico ,Intensive care medicine ,business.industry ,Septic shock ,Drotrecogin alfa ,activated protein C ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,mortality ,drotrecogin alfa ,Clinical trial ,sepse ,septic shock ,Observational study ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O debate sobre a segurança e eficácia da drotrecogina alfa (DrotAA) encontra-se na ordem do dia, principalmente, em função dos resultados negativos observados em ensaios clínicos subseqüentes ao PROWESS e do impacto econômico no sistema de saúde relacionado ao custo elevado do fármaco. O objetivo deste estudo foi rever os principais estudos sobre a utilização da DrotAA em pacientes com sepse grave, com ênfase nas questões ligadas a sua eficácia e segurança. CONTEÚDO: Foram selecionados artigos sobre a utilização da DrotAA em pacientes com sepse publicados nos últimos dez anos no MedLine. Os seguintes unitermos foram utilizados: activated protein C; drotrecogin alfa; sepsis; septic shock; Xigris®. Estudos referenciados nos artigos selecionados na busca também foram utilizados. CONCLUSÕES: As taxas de letalidades e as complicações hemorrágicas associadas com o uso do fármaco foram maiores em grandes estudos observacionais do que aquelas descritas previamente nos ensaios clínicos. A luz dos resultados atualmente disponíveis, o uso da DrotAA deve ser reconsiderado até que novos ensaios clínicos possam subsidiar com informações adicionais sobre eficácia, segurança e na identificação dos subgrupos de pacientes com sepse grave que porventura possam ter benefício com o uso deste medicamento. A DrotAA deve servir de exemplo para que haja maior cautela com a rápida transposição de evidências ainda em construção para recomendações e diretrizes de tratamento de pacientes com sepse grave. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The debate on efficacy and patient safety related to the use of drotrecogin alfa (DrotAA) is timely, principally due to the negative results observed in clinical studies performed after the PROWESS study, and the economic cost-related impact of the drug on the healthcare system. The aim of this study was to review the main studies on the use of DrotAA in patients with severe sepsis. The focus was on drug efficacy-and patient safety-related issues. CONTENTS: Articles were selected by a MedLine search for studies on the use of DrotAA in patients with sepsis using the following key words: activated protein C; drotrecogin alfa; sepsis; septic shock; Xigris®. Additional references were retrieved from the studies initially selected. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality and bleeding complications associated with the use of DrotAA were more frequent in large observational studies than those reported in randomized trials. In the light of the current knowledge, routine use of DrotAA should be reevaluated until well-designed confirmatory clinical trials can clarify the true efficacy and safety of the drug and help identify the subgroup of patients that can benefit from use of DrotAA. Physicians should be cautious with the rapid transfer of evidences not well-documented, to the guidelines and recommendations practiced in the care and treatment of patients with severe sepsis.
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- 2008
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10. Estrongiloidíase disseminada: diagnóstico e tratamento Disseminated strongyloidiasis: diagnosis and treatment
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Olívia Barberi Luna, Rossana Grasselli, Marcio Ananias, Tatiana Soares Pinto, Fernando Augusto Bozza, Márcio Soares, and Jorge I. F. Salluh
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ivermectin ,câncer ,imunossuprimidos ,lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,cancer ,disseminated strongyloidiasis ,anti-helmínticos ,immunosupressed ,estrongiloidíase disseminada ,lcsh:RC86-88.9 ,ivermectina ,anti-helminthic - Abstract
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A estrongiloidíase disseminada é uma entidade clínica relacionada a estados de imunossupressão como os que ocorrem na síndrome da imunodeficiência aguda (SIDA), nas neoplasias hematológicas e nos tratamentos imunossupressores. Sua ocorrência e gravidade são mais freqüentes em pacientes usando elevadas doses de corticosteróides. A estrongiloidíase disseminada se apresenta habitualmente sob a forma de sepse grave. Essa apresentação clínica inespecífica representa grandes desafios relacionados ao diagnóstico e tratamento, resultando em elevada taxa de mortalidade. O diagnóstico depende de elevada suspeição clínica e da identificação da larva em amostras de fluidos ou tecidos. O envolvimento cutâneo é raro, entretanto por ser característico pode incrementar a possibilidade da hipótese diagnóstica. O objetivo deste estudo foi rever na literatura os aspectos clínicos da estrongiloidíase disseminada, destacando os métodos de diagnóstico e tratamento e ressaltar a importância da suspeição clínica para a profilaxia e tratamento adequados. CONTEÚDO: Foi realizada uma busca sistemática nos últimos 30 anos através da PubMed utilizando os termos disseminated strongyloidiasis, strongyloides and hyperinfection e ivermectin. CONCLUSÕES: Recentes avanços ocorreram na área terapêutica e dentre eles destaca-se o uso da ivermectina. O seu surgimento mudou significativamente o tratamento para estrongiloidíase, no entanto a administração por via oral ou enteral desse fármaco representou importante limitação para sua utilização em pacientes com íleo ou estado de hipoperfusão tecidual. Relatos de resultados positivos com o uso de ivermectina parenteral levantaram a possibilidade de essa modalidade terapêutica ser mais eficaz nas formas graves. No entanto questões relativas à posologia e segurança ainda precisam ser elucidadas.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Disseminated strongyloidiasis is a clinical form of presentation associated with states of severe immunosuppression, as in AIDS, hematological malignancies and in treatment for immunosuppression (especially with high doses of corticosteroids). It usually mimics severe sepsis and still brings a significant challenge related to the diagnosis and treatment. Therefore exceedingly high mortality rates remain unchanged in the past decades. Initially, the diagnosis depends on the clinical suspicion and on the identification of the larva in an organic fluids or tissues. The cutaneous involvement, albeit rare, is typical and can provide an important clue for the diagnostic hypothesis. The emergence of ivermectin for oral use changed significantly the treatment for strongyloidiasis; however, there are still shortcomings for the utilization in critically ill patients. Shock, ileus and hypoperfusion states are associated with difficulties in the absorption that result in erratic systemic levels. Reports of good results with parenteral administration of ivermectin raised the prospect that this therapeutic modality be more effective. However, questions about dosage and safety remain unanswered. The aim of the present article is to review the medical literature on the clinical aspects of disseminated strongyloidiasis. CONTENTS: A systematic review of the literature was performed by searching the PubMed database within the last 30 years. Search terms were: disseminated strongyloidiasis, strongyloides and hyperinfection e ivermectin. CONCLUSIONS: The article highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects emphasizing the importance of the clinical suspicion for the institution of appropriated therapy.
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- 2007
11. Prevention of delirium in critically ill patients: a new beginning?
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Jorge I. F. Salluh and Pratik P. Pandharipande
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Critically ill ,business.industry ,lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,medicine ,Delirium ,lcsh:RC86-88.9 ,General Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,business ,Humanities - Abstract
O delirium e um estado confusional agudo que representa uma disfuncao cerebral aguda a qual envolve uma ampla variedade de manifestacoes clinicas.(1) Substanciais evidencias demonstram que o delirium em pacientes criticos se associa com piora dos desfechos, incluindo aumento do tempo sob ventilacao mecânica, da permanencia no hospital, dos custos e da mortalidade.(2,3) Mais ainda, apesar dos avancos no suporte a vida, pacientes criticamente enfermos que apresentam delirium durante sua permanencia na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) podem ter um comprometimento de sua recuperacao funcional global, assim como sequelas cognitivas em longo prazo.(4) Assim sendo, foram realizados diversos estudos para avaliar o impacto de intervencoes farmacologicas preventivas(5) na reducao da incidencia e duracao da disfuncao cerebral, ja que a eficacia da maior parte dos tratamentos ainda nao foi comprovada. Estas formas de tratamento envolvem a modificacao dos paradigmas de sedacao por meio da reducao do uso de benzodiazepinicos, uso de antipsicoticos tipicos e atipicos e o uso de agentes colinergicos como a rivastigmina. As estatinas sao consideradas medicacoes potenciais, com base na hipotese de que podem tanto prevenir quanto tratar o delirium por meio de seus efeitos antiinflamatorios capazes de modular as vias moleculares da inflamacao e ativacao da microglia, mecanismos chave na patogenese do delirium.(6) Neste numero da Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva, Cruz et al.(7) testaram a hipotese de que pacientes em uso de estatinas previamente ao procedimento cirurgico teriam uma menor incidencia de delirium apos cirurgia cardiaca. Em seu estudo foram inscritos 169 pacientes, tendo sido analisadas informacoes sobre dados demograficos, exposicao a estatinas e os desfechos, inclusive ocorrencia de delirium. Na comparacao de pacientes que usaram estatinas com pacientes que nao utilizaram estes farmacos, os autores relatam nao ter identificado diferencas significantes em termos de dados demograficos ou desfechos do delirium. Este estudo tem uma logica interessante baseada nos aspectos fisiopatologicos e populacao alvo, embora tenha limitacoes importantes que impedem qualquer inferencia sobre o papel das estatinas no delirium. Primeiramente, o tamanho limitado da amostra e o numero relativamente baixo de pacientes que desenvolveram delirium (n=23) impediram uma analise mais profunda e o uso de metodologias que, se utilizadas, poderiam ter levado a conclusoes substancialmente diferentes. O uso de analise de variaveis multiplas e pontuacoes de propensao sao exemplos de metodos cada vez mais utilizados na literatura referente a terapia intensiva como forma de identificar fatores independentemente associados com desfechos e tambem ajustar para potenciais fatores de confusao. Em segundo lugar, como em qualquer estudo observacional, os autores nao tiveram como controlar a dose, duracao e indicacao das estatinas. Jorge Ibrain Figueira Salluh1,2, Pratik Pandharipande3
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- 2012
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12. Management of severe community-acquired pneumonia in Brazil: a secondary analysis of an international survey
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Thiago Lisboa, Pedro Póvoa, Jorge I. F. Salluh, Ligia S.C.F. Rabello, Fernando A. Bozza, Catarina Conceição, Marcio Soares, and Katia Ebecken
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Questionnaires ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Risk Assessment ,Severity of Illness Index ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Sepsis ,Secondary analysis ,Diagnosis ,medicine ,Humans ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,Retrospective Studies ,Intensive care units ,business.industry ,International survey ,Pneumonia ,Original Articles ,Community-acquired infections ,General Medicine ,Antimicrobial agents ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,business ,Humanities ,Brazil - Abstract
Objetivo: Avaliar a percepcao dos medicos brasileiros quanto ao diagnostico, a avaliacao de gravidade, ao tratamento e a estratificacao de risco em pacientes com pneumonia grave adquirida na comunidade, e compara-la com as diretrizes atuais. Metodos: Estudo transversal realizado por meio da aplicacao de um questionario anonimo a uma amostra de medicos brasileiros especialistas em cuidados intensivos, medicina de emergencia, medicina interna e pneumologia. Entre outubro e dezembro de 2008, foram avaliadas as atitudes dos medicos no diagnostico, a avaliacao de risco e as intervencoes terapeuticas para pacientes com pneumonia grave adquirida na comunidade. Resultados: Responderam ao questionario 253 medicos, sendo 66% da Regiao Sudeste do Brasil. A maioria (60%) dos medicos que responderam tinha mais de 10 anos de experiencia. Verificou-se que a avaliacao de risco de pneumonia grave adquirida na comunidade foi muito heterogenea, sendo a avaliacao clinica a forma de avaliacao de risco mais frequente. As hemoculturas foram habitualmente realizadas por 75% dos medicos, entretanto, foi reconhecido seu fraco desempenho diagnostico. Por outro lado, a pesquisa de antigenos urinarios de Pneumococo e Legionella foi solicitada por menos de um terco dos medicos. A maioria (95%) prescreveu antibioticos de acordo com as diretrizes. A combinacao de uma cefalosporina de terceira ou quarta geracao com um macrolideo foi a escolha mais comum. Conclusao: Este inquerito brasileiro demonstrou diferencas entre as diretrizes publicadas e a pratica clinica. Isso leva a necessidade de se desenvolverem programas educacionais e de adocao de protocolos para implementar estrategias baseadas em evidencias no manejo da pneumonia grave adquirida na comunidade.
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- 2015
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13. Baseline acetylcholinesterase activity and serotonin plasma levels are not associated with delirium in critically ill patients
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Francieli Vuolo, Alexandra I. Zugno, Cristiane Ritter, Larissa Constantino, Felipe Dal-Pizzol, Jorge I. F. Salluh, Marcio Soares, Francieli Zanatta, and Cristiane Damiani Tomasi
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Adult ,Male ,Serotonin/drug effects ,Serotonin ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Critical Illness ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,law.invention ,Cohort Studies ,Sepsis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Intensive care medicine ,Prospective cohort study ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Coma ,Intensive care units ,business.industry ,Delirium ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Acetylcholinesterase/drug effects ,Acetylcholinesterase ,Intensive care unit ,chemistry ,Anesthesia ,Original Article ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Biomarkers ,Cohort study - Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether plasma serotonin levels or acetylcholinesterase activities determined upon intensive care unit admission could predict the occurrence of acute brain dysfunction in intensive care unit patients. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted with a sample of 77 non-consecutive patients observed between May 2009 and September 2010. Delirium was determined using the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit tool, and the acetylcholinesterase and serotonin measurements were determined from blood samples collected up to a maximum of 24 h after the admission of the patient to the intensive care unit. Results: In the present study, 38 (49.6%) patients developed delirium during their intensive care unit stays. Neither serum acetylcholinesterase activity nor serotonin level was independently associated with delirium. No significant correlations of acetylcholinesterase activity or serotonin level with delirium/coma-free days were observed, but in the patients who developed delirium, there was a strong negative correlation between the acetylcholinesterase level and the number of delirium/coma-free days, indicating that higher acetylcholinesterase levels are associated with fewer days alive without delirium or coma. No associations were found between the biomarkers and mortality. Conclusions: Neither serum acetylcholinesterase activity nor serotonin level was associated with delirium or acute brain dysfunction in critically ill patients. Sepsis did not modify these relationships.
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- 2015
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14. Delirium in intensive care unit patients under noninvasive ventilation: a multinational survey
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Dimitri Gusmao-Flores, Lilian Maria Sobreira Tanaka, Jorge I. F. Salluh, Lucas C. Quarantini, Eduardo Tobar, Antonio Esquinas, Ricardo Zantieff, Bruna Brandao Barreto, and Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Subjects
Questionnaires ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Attitude of Health Personnel ,MEDLINE ,Context (language use) ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,law.invention ,law ,Intensive care ,Diagnostic techniques, neurological ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Intensive care medicine ,Noninvasive Ventilation ,business.industry ,Delirium ,General Medicine ,Intensive care unit ,Intensive Care Units ,Critical care ,Health Care Surveys ,Emergency medicine ,Assessment methods ,Original Article ,Noninvasive ventilation ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Objective: To conduct a multinational survey of intensive care unit professionals to determine the practices on delirium assessment and management, in addition to their perceptions and attitudes toward the evaluation and impact of delirium in patients requiring noninvasive ventilation. Methods: An electronic questionnaire was created to evaluate the profiles of the respondents and their related intensive care units, the systematic delirium assessment and management and the respondents' perceptions and attitudes regarding delirium in patients requiring noninvasive ventilation. The questionnaire was distributed to the cooperative network for research of the Associacao de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira (AMIB-Net) mailing list and to researchers in different centers in Latin America and Europe. Results: Four hundred thirty-six questionnaires were available for analysis; the majority of the questionnaires were from Brazil (61.9%), followed by Turkey (8.7%) and Italy (4.8%). Approximately 61% of the respondents reported no delirium assessment in the intensive care unit, and 31% evaluated delirium in patients under noninvasive ventilation. The Confusion Assessment Method for the intensive care unit was the most reported validated diagnostic tool (66.9%). Concerning the indication of noninvasive ventilation in patients already presenting with delirium, 16.3% of respondents never allow the use of noninvasive ventilation in this clinical context. Conclusion: This survey provides data that strongly reemphasizes poor efforts toward delirium assessment and management in the intensive care unit setting, especially regarding patients requiring noninvasive ventilation.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. [Brás Cubas, sepsis and the evidence: reflections on the surviving sepsis campaign]
- Author
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Jorge I F, Salluh, Fernando Augusto, Bozza, Marcio, Soares, and Renato G, Terzi
- Published
- 2014
16. [Intensive care admission policies for critically ill cancer patients: time for a reappraisal]
- Author
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Jorge I F, Salluh and Márcio, Soares
- Published
- 2014
17. [Surviving sepsis campaign: reflections and revisions]
- Author
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Eliézer, Silva and Jorge I F, Salluh
- Published
- 2014
18. Antiphospholipid antibodies in critically ill patients
- Author
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Nelson Spector, Juliana Vassalo, Marcio Soares, Jorge I. F. Salluh, and Ernesto de Meis
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Catastrophic illness ,Critical Illness ,Multiple Organ Failure ,MEDLINE ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Antiphospholipid syndrome ,medicine ,Humans ,Intensive care medicine ,Review Articles ,Intensive care units ,biology ,Critically ill ,business.industry ,Microvascular thrombosis ,Organ dysfunction ,General Medicine ,Prognosis ,Surgery ,Clinical Practice ,Critical illness ,biology.protein ,Antibodies, Antiphospholipid ,Antibody ,medicine.symptom ,Medline database ,business - Abstract
Antiphospholipid antibodies are responsible for a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Venous, arterial and microvascular thrombosis and severe catastrophic cases account for a large morbidly/mortality. Through the connection between the immune, inflammatory and hemostatic systems, it is possible that these antibodies may contribute to the development of organ dysfunction and are associated with poor short and long-term prognoses in critically ill patients. We performed a search of the PubMed/MedLine database for articles written during the period from January 2000 to February 2013 to evaluate the frequency of antiphospholipid antibodies in critically ill patients and their impact on the outcomes of these patients. Only eight original studies involving critically ill patients were found. However, the development of antiphospholipid antibodies in critically ill patients seems to be frequent, but more studies are necessary to clarify their pathogenic role and implications for clinical practice.
- Published
- 2014
19. Surviving sepsis campaign: reflexões e revisões
- Author
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Eliezer Silva and Jorge I. F. Salluh
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Surviving Sepsis Campaign ,business.industry ,medicine ,General Medicine ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,business - Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Brás Cubas, a sepse e as evidências: reflexões sobre a surviving sepsis campaign Brás Cubas, sepsis and the evidence: reflections on the surviving sepsis campaign
- Author
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Jorge I. F. Salluh, Fernando Augusto Bozza, Marcio Soares, and Renato G. Terzi
- Subjects
lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,lcsh:RC86-88.9 - Published
- 2006
21. Perceptions and practices regarding delirium, sedation and analgesia in critically ill patients: a narrative review
- Author
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Cássia Righy Shinotsuka and Jorge I. F. Salluh
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Critical Care ,Best practice ,Sedation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Critical Illness ,MEDLINE ,Review Article ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,law.invention ,Benzodiazepines ,law ,Perception ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypnotics and Sedatives ,Intensive care medicine ,Propofol ,media_common ,Mechanical ventilation ,Critically ill ,business.industry ,Delirium ,General Medicine ,Length of Stay ,Intensive care unit ,Respiration, Artificial ,Intensive Care Units ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,medicine.symptom ,Analgesia ,business ,Analgesics, opioid ,Dexmedetomidine - Abstract
A significant number of landmark studies have been published in the last decade that increase the current knowledge on sedation for critically ill patients. Therefore, many practices that were considered standard of care are now outdated. Oversedation has been shown to be hazardous, and light sedation and no-sedation protocols are associated with better patient outcomes. Delirium is increasingly recognized as a major form of acute brain dysfunction that is associated with higher mortality, longer duration of mechanical ventilation and longer lengths of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital. Despite all the available evidence, translating research into bedside care is a daunting task. International surveys have shown that practices such as sedation interruption and titration are performed only in the minority of cases. Implementing best practices is a major challenge that must also be addressed in the new guidelines. In this review, we summarize the findings of sedation and delirium research over the last years. We also discuss the gap between evidence and clinical practice and highlight ways to implement best practices at the bedside.
- Published
- 2013
22. Glucose control in critically ill patients in 2009: no alarms and no surprises
- Author
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Marcio Soares, Melissa Tassano Pitrowsky, Jorge I. F. Salluh, and Cássia Righy Shinotsuka
- Subjects
Hypoglicemia ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Glucose control ,business.industry ,Critically ill ,Hipoglicemia ,Insulin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Hipoglicemia/prevenção & controle ,Sepse ,General Medicine ,Sepse/prevenção & controle ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Clinical Practice ,Critical care ,Insulina ,Sepsis ,medicine ,Blood glucose ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,Glicemia ,Glycemic - Abstract
Na última década o controle glicêmico em pacientes críticos foi alvo de grande polêmica. Apesar de ter sido amplamente implementado na prática médica, os grandes estudos randomizados controlados obtiveram resultados bastante conflitantes, pois além de controlar a hiperglicemia, foi identificada a necessidade de se evitar os riscos da hipoglicemia, evento potencialmente grave nessa população. Dessa forma, o presente artigo se propõe a rever e avaliar de forma crítica os estudos publicados sobre controle glicêmico em terapia intensiva, propondo um novo alvo glicêmico (150 mg / dl) que seja capaz de minimizar os malefícios da hiperglicemia e ao mesmo tempo minimizar os riscos potenciais do uso de insulina de forma intensiva. Glucose control is a major issue in critical care since landmark publications from the last decade leading to widespread use of strict glucose control in the clinical practice. Subsequent trials showed discordant results that lead to several questions and concerns about benefits and risks of implementing an intensive glucose control protocol. In the midst of all recent controversy, we propose that a new glycemic target -150mg/dl) should be aimed. This target glucose level could offer protection against the deleterious effects of hyperglycemia and at the same time keep patient's safety avoiding hypoglicemia. The article presents a critical review of the current literature on intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. [Disseminated strongyloidiasis: diagnosis and treatment]
- Author
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Olívia Barberi, Luna, Rossana, Grasselli, Marcio, Ananias, Tatiana Soares, Pinto, Fernando Augusto, Bozza, Márcio, Soares, and Jorge I F, Salluh
- Abstract
Disseminated strongyloidiasis is a clinical form of presentation associated with states of severe immunosuppression, as in AIDS, hematological malignancies and in treatment for immunosuppression (especially with high doses of corticosteroids). It usually mimics severe sepsis and still brings a significant challenge related to the diagnosis and treatment. Therefore exceedingly high mortality rates remain unchanged in the past decades. Initially, the diagnosis depends on the clinical suspicion and on the identification of the larva in an organic fluids or tissues. The cutaneous involvement, albeit rare, is typical and can provide an important clue for the diagnostic hypothesis. The emergence of ivermectin for oral use changed significantly the treatment for strongyloidiasis; however, there are still shortcomings for the utilization in critically ill patients. Shock, ileus and hypoperfusion states are associated with difficulties in the absorption that result in erratic systemic levels. Reports of good results with parenteral administration of ivermectin raised the prospect that this therapeutic modality be more effective. However, questions about dosage and safety remain unanswered. The aim of the present article is to review the medical literature on the clinical aspects of disseminated strongyloidiasis.A systematic review of the literature was performed by searching the PubMed database within the last 30 years. Search terms were: disseminated strongyloidiasis, strongyloides and hyperinfection e ivermectin.The article highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects emphasizing the importance of the clinical suspicion for the institution of appropriated therapy.
- Published
- 2007
24. Insuficiência adrenal relativa e uso de corticosteróides na sepse: estamos mais próximos de um consenso?
- Author
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Jorge I. F. Salluh and Anna Gabriela Fuks
- Subjects
Sepsis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adrenal failure ,business.industry ,medicine ,General Medicine ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,medicine.disease ,business - Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Increasing the awareness of delirium in critically ill patients
- Author
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Robert Stevens and Jorge I. F. Salluh
- Subjects
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Critically ill ,Critical Illness ,MEDLINE ,Delirium ,Health knowledge ,General Medicine ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Intensive Care Units ,Editorial ,Critical illness ,medicine ,Humans ,medicine.symptom ,Intensive care medicine ,business - Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Drotrecogina alfa (ativada) na prática clínica e as evidências atuais: réplica
- Author
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Marcio Soares, Jorge I. F. Salluh, Fernando Osni Machado, Andre Carlos Kajdacsy-Balla Amaral, and Viviane Bogado Leite Torres
- Subjects
Clinical Practice ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Drotrecogin alfa ,MEDLINE ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,business ,Intensive care medicine ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Políticas de admissão de pacientes oncológicos na UTI: hora de rever os conceitos Intensive care admission policies for critically ill cancer patients: time for a reappraisal
- Author
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Jorge I. F. Salluh and Márcio Soares
- Subjects
lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,lcsh:RC86-88.9 - Published
- 2006
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