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We review V. I. Arnold's 1963 celebrated paper [1] Proof of A. N. Kolmogorov's Theorem on the Conservation of Conditionally Periodic Motions with a Small Variation in the Hamiltonian, and prove that, optimising Arnold's scheme, one can get "sharp" asymptotic quantitative conditions (as ε → 0, ε being the strength of the perturbation). All constants involved are explicitly computed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the motion of a 2π-periodic in time two-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian system in a neighborhood of the equilibrium position. It is assumed that the system depends on a small parameter e and other parameters and is autonomous at e = 0. It is also assumed that in the autonomous case there is a set of parameter values for which a 1:1 resonance occurs, and the matrix of the linearized equations of perturbed motion is reduced to a diagonal form. The study is carried out using an example of the problem of the motion of a dynamically symmetric rigid body (satellite) relative to its center of mass in a central Newtonian gravitational field on an elliptical orbit with small eccentricity in the neighborhood of the cylindrical precession. The character of the motions of the reduced two-degree-of-freedom system in the vicinity of the resonance point in the three-dimensional parameter space is studied. Stability regions of the unperturbed motion (the cylindrical precession) and two types of parametric resonance regions corresponding to the case of zero frequency and the case of equal frequencies in the transformed approximate system of the linearized equations of perturbed motion are considered. The problem of the existence, number and stability of 2π-periodic motions of the satellite is solved, and conclusions on the existence of two- and three-frequency conditionally periodic motions are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1994, Jürgen Moser generalized Hénon's area-preserving quadratic map to obtain a normal form for the family of four-dimensional, quadratic, symplectic maps. This map has at most four isolated fixed points. We show that the bounded dynamics of Moser's six parameter family is organized by a codimension-three bifurcation, which we call a quadfurcation, that can create all four fixed points from none.The bounded dynamics is typically associated with Cantor families of invariant tori around fixed points that are doubly elliptic. For Moser's map there can be two such fixed points: this structure is not what one would expect from dynamics near the cross product of a pair of uncoupled Hénon maps, where there is at most one doubly elliptic point. We visualize the dynamics by escape time plots on 2d planes through the phase space and by 3d slices through the tori. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the problem of self-propulsion of a smooth profile in a medium with viscous dissipation and circulation by means of parametric excitation generated by oscillations of the moving internal mass. For the case of zero dissipation, using methods of KAM theory, it is shown that the kinetic energy of the system is a bounded function of time, and in the case of nonzero circulation the trajectories of the profile lie in a bounded region of the space. In the general case, using charts of dynamical regimes and charts of Lyapunov exponents, it is shown that the system can exhibit limit cycles (in particular, multistability), quasi-periodic regimes (attracting tori) and strange attractors. One-parameter bifurcation diagrams are constructed, and Neimark-Sacker bifurcations and period-doubling bifurcations are found. To analyze the efficiency of displacement of the profile depending on the circulation and parameters defining the motion of the internal mass, charts of values of displacement for a fixed number of periods are plotted. A hypothesis is formulated that, when nonzero circulation arises, the trajectories of the profile are compact. Using computer calculations, it is shown that in the case of anisotropic dissipation an unbounded growth of the kinetic energy of the system (Fermi-like acceleration) is possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this brief note is twofold. First, we summarize in a very concise form the principal information on Whitney smooth families of quasi-periodic invariant tori in various contexts of KAM theory. Our second goal is to attract (via an informal discussion and a simple example) the experts' attention to the peculiarities of the so-called excitation of elliptic normal modes in the reversible context 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A nearly-integrable dynamical system has a natural formulation in terms of actions, y (nearly constant), and angles, x (nearly rigidly rotating with frequency Ω( y)).We study angleaction maps that are close to symplectic and have a twist, the derivative of the frequency map, DΩ( y), that is positive-definite. When the map is symplectic, Nekhoroshev's theorem implies that the actions are confined for exponentially long times: the drift is exponentially small and numerically appears to be diffusive. We show that when the symplectic condition is relaxed, but the map is still volume-preserving, the actions can have a strong drift along resonance channels. Averaging theory is used to compute the drift for the case of rank-r resonances. A comparison with computations for a generalized Froeschl´e map in four-dimensions shows that this theory gives accurate results for the rank-one case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long-term diffusion properties of the action variables in real analytic quasiintegrable Hamiltonian systems is a largely open problem. The Nekhoroshev theorem provides bounds to such a diffusion as well as a set of techniques, constituting its proof, which have been used to inspect also the instability of the action variables on times longer than the Nekhoroshev stability time. In particular, the separation of the motions in a superposition of a fast drift oscillation and an extremely slow diffusion along the resonances has been observed in several numerical experiments. Global diffusion, which occurs when the range of the slow diffusion largely exceeds the range of fast drift oscillations, needs times larger than the Nekhoroshev stability times to be observed, and despite the power of modern computers, it has been detected only in a small interval of the perturbation parameter, just below the critical threshold of application of the theorem. In this paper we show through an example how sharp this phenomenon is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we develop a new KAM technique to prove two general KAM theorems for nearly integrable Hamiltonian systems without assuming any nondegeneracy condition. Many of KAM-type results (including the classical KAM theorem) are special cases of our theorems under some nondegeneracy condition and some smoothness condition. Moreover, we can obtain some interesting results about KAM tori with prescribed frequencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to prove the Kolmogorov theorem of persistence of Diophantine flows for nearly integrable Poisson systems associated to a real analytic Hamiltonian with aperiodic time dependence, provided that the perturbation is asymptotically vanishing. The paper is an extension of an analogous result by the same authors for canonical Hamiltonian systems; the flexibility of the Lie series method developed by A. Giorgilli et al. is profitably used in the present generalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe a new algorithm for the numerical verification of steepness, a necessary property for the application of Nekhoroshev's theorem, of functions of three and four variables. Specifically, by analyzing the Taylor expansion of order four, the algorithm analyzes the steepness of functions whose Taylor expansion of order three is not steep. In this way, we provide numerical evidence of steepness of the Birkhoff normal form around the Lagrangian equilibrium points L4-L5 of the spatial restricted three-body problem (for the only value of the reduced mass for which the Nekhoroshev stability was still unknown), and of the four-degrees-of-freedom Hamiltonian system obtained from the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam problem by setting the number of particles equal to four. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]