468 results on '"Ho Kim"'
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2. Associations of particulate matter and its components with emergency room visits for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.
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Sung-Hee Hwang, Jae Young Lee, Seung-Muk Yi, and Ho Kim
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Numerous studies have revealed an association between particulate matter (PM) and emergency room (ER) visits, although few studies have investigated the association between health and PM components. The present study evaluated the associations of ER visits for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases with PM2.5 components, including organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and ion species (SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+). Statistical analyses were performed using the time-series approach, and generalized linear models with natural spline functions were used to adjust for the non-linear relationship between the confounders and ER visits. Our single-pollutant models revealed that the greatest increase in cardiovascular ER visits was associated with NH4+ (relative risk: 1.05; 95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.09), which was followed by OC, SO42-, NO3-, and EC. The associations of cardiovascular ER visits with EC and OC varied according to age and sex, with elderly and female patients exhibiting stronger associations. Lagged SO42- was associated with respiratory ER visits. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the associations between ER visits and PM components in South Korea. As PM components are related to traffic and industrial sources, and exhibited positive associations with ER visits, our results may help improve air pollution regulation and public health.
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- 2017
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3. Heat-attributable deaths between 1992 and 2009 in Seoul, South Korea.
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Clara T Kim, Youn-Hee Lim, Alistair Woodward, and Ho Kim
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundClimate change may significantly affect human health. The possible effects of high ambient temperature must be better understood, particularly in terms of certain diseases' sensitivity to heat (as reflected in relative risks [RR]) and the consequent disease burden (number or fraction of cases attributable to high temperatures), in order to manage the threat.PurposeThis study investigated the number of deaths attributable to abnormally high ambient temperatures in Seoul, South Korea, for a wide range of diseases.MethodThe relationship between mortality and daily maximum temperature using a generalized linear model was analyzed. The threshold temperature was defined as the 90th percentile of maximum daily temperatures. Deaths were classified according to ICD-10 codes, and for each disease, the RR and attributable fractions were determined. Using these fractions, the total number of deaths attributable to daily maximum temperatures above the threshold value, from 1992 to 2009, was calculated. Data analyses were conducted in 2012-2013.ResultsHeat-attributable deaths accounted for 3,177 of the 271,633 deaths from all causes. Neurological (RR 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04-1.11) and mental and behavioral disorders (RR 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.07) had relatively high increases in the RR of mortality. The most heat-sensitive diseases (those with the highest RRs) were not the diseases that caused the largest number of deaths attributable to high temperatures.ConclusionThis study estimated RRs and deaths attributable to high ambient temperature for a wide variety of diseases. Prevention-related policies must account for both particular vulnerabilities (heat-sensitive diseases with high RRs) and the major causes of the heat mortality burden (common conditions less sensitive to high temperatures).
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- 2015
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4. Not early referral but planned dialysis improves quality of life and depression in newly diagnosed end stage renal disease patients: a prospective cohort study in Korea.
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Ji In Park, Myounghee Kim, Ho Kim, Jung Nam An, Jeonghwan Lee, Seung Hee Yang, Jang-Hee Cho, Yong-Lim Kim, Ki-Soo Park, Yun Kyu Oh, Chun Soo Lim, Dong Ki Kim, Yon Su Kim, and Jung Pyo Lee
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has recently become an important issue. It reportedly affects morbidity and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In this study, we investigated whether early referral and planned dialysis improve the HRQOL and depression of patients with ESRD.We prospectively enrolled newly diagnosed patients with ESRD, from 31 hospitals in Korea, who completed questionnaires at 3 months after dialysis. We also got follow-up survey at 1 year after dialysis. To measure HRQOL and depression, Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form 36 (KDQOL-36) and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) were utilized.A total of 643 patients were analyzed. Referral type did not affect either KDQOL-36 or BDI scores. However, the planned dialysis group showed significantly better scores in 4 of 5 KDQOL-36 domains than did the unplanned group at 3 months after dialysis and partly, the effect was sustained for 1 year after dialysis. The benefit of planned dialysis was significant after adjusting for age, sex, type of dialysis, marital status, educational attainment, occupation, modified Charlson comorbidity index, albumin, and hemoglobin levels. BDI scores were also lower which indicate less depressive mood in planned dialysis group than those in unplanned group both at 3 months and 1 year after dialysis.Not early referral but planned dialysis improved both the short- and long-term HRQOL and depression of patients with ESRD. Nephrologists should try to help patients to initiate dialysis in a planned manner.
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- 2015
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5. Recalibration and validation of the Charlson comorbidity index in Korean incident hemodialysis patients.
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Jae Yoon Park, Myoung-Hee Kim, Seung Seok Han, Hyunjeong Cho, Ho Kim, Dong-Ryeol Ryu, Hyunwook Kim, Hajeong Lee, Jung Pyo Lee, Chun-Soo Lim, Kyoung Hoon Kim, Kwon Wook Joo, Yon Su Kim, Dong Ki Kim, and Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease (CRC for ESRD) Investigators
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Weights assigned to comorbidities to predict mortality may vary based on the type of index disease and advances in the management of comorbidities. We aimed to develop a modified Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) in incident hemodialysis patients (mCCI-IHD), thereby improving risk stratification for mortality.Data on 24,738 Koreans who received their first hemodialysis treatment between 2005 and 2008 were obtained from the Korean Health Insurance dataset. The mCCI-IHD score were calculated by summing up the weights which were assigned to individual comorbidities according to their relative prognostic significance determined by multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. The modified index was validated in an independent nationwide prospective cohort (n=1,100).The Cox proportional hazards model revealed that all comorbidities in the CCI except ulcers significantly predicted mortality. Thus, the mCCI-IHD included 14 comorbidities with re-assigned severity weights. In the validation cohort, both the CCI and the mCCI-IHD were correlated with mortality. However, the mCCI-IHD showed modest but significant increases in c statistics compared with the CCI at 6 months and 1 year. The analyses using continuous net reclassification improvement revealed that the mCCI-IHD improved net mortality risk reclassification by 24.6% (95% CI, 2.5-46.7; P=0.03), 26.2% (95% CI, 1.0-51.4; P=0.04) and 42.8% (95% CI, 4.9-80.8; P=0.03) with respect to the CCI at 6 months and 1 and 2 years, respectively.The mCCI-IHD facilitates better risk stratification for mortality in incident hemodialysis patients compared with the CCI, suggesting that it may be a preferred index for use in clinical practice and the statistical analysis of epidemiological studies.
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- 2015
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6. Non-Linear Concentration-Response Relationships between Ambient Ozone and Daily Mortality.
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Sanghyuk Bae, Youn-Hee Lim, Saori Kashima, Takashi Yorifuji, Yasushi Honda, Ho Kim, and Yun-Chul Hong
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Ambient ozone (O3) concentration has been reported to be significantly associated with mortality. However, linearity of the relationships and the presence of a threshold has been controversial.The aim of the present study was to examine the concentration-response relationship and threshold of the association between ambient O3 concentration and non-accidental mortality in 13 Japanese and Korean cities from 2000 to 2009.We selected Japanese and Korean cities which have population of over 1 million. We constructed Poisson regression models adjusting daily mean temperature, daily mean PM10, humidity, time trend, season, year, day of the week, holidays and yearly population. The association between O3 concentration and mortality was examined using linear, spline and linear-threshold models. The thresholds were estimated for each city, by constructing linear-threshold models. We also examined the city-combined association using a generalized additive mixed model.The mean O3 concentration did not differ greatly between Korea and Japan, which were 26.2 ppb and 24.2 ppb, respectively. Seven out of 13 cities showed better fits for the spline model compared with the linear model, supporting a non-linear relationships between O3 concentration and mortality. All of the 7 cities showed J or U shaped associations suggesting the existence of thresholds. The range of city-specific thresholds was from 11 to 34 ppb. The city-combined analysis also showed a non-linear association with a threshold around 30-40 ppb.We have observed non-linear concentration-response relationship with thresholds between daily mean ambient O3 concentration and daily number of non-accidental death in Japanese and Korean cities.
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- 2015
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7. Elderly Peritoneal Dialysis Compared with Elderly Hemodialysis Patients and Younger Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: Competing Risk Analysis of a Korean Prospective Cohort Study.
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Hyunsuk Kim, Jung Nam An, Dong Ki Kim, Myoung-Hee Kim, Ho Kim, Yong-Lim Kim, Ki Soo Park, Yun Kyu Oh, Chun Soo Lim, Yon Su Kim, Jung Pyo Lee, and CRC for ESRD Investigators
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The outcomes of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in elderly patients have not been thoroughly investigated. We aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes and risk factors associated with PD in elderly patients. We conducted a prospective observational nationwide adult end-stage renal disease (ESRD) cohort study in Korea from August 2008 to March 2013. Among incident patients (n = 830), patient and technical survival rate, quality of life, and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) scores of elderly PD patients (≥65 years, n = 95) were compared with those of PD patients aged ≤49 years (n = 205) and 50~64 years (n = 192); and elderly hemodialysis (HD) patients (n = 315). The patient death and technical failure were analyzed by cumulative incidence function. Competing risk regressions were used to assess the risk factors for survival. The patient survival rate of elderly PD patients was inferior to that of younger PD patients (P
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- 2015
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8. Early referral to a nephrologist improved patient survival: prospective cohort study for end-stage renal disease in Korea.
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Do Hyoung Kim, Myounghee Kim, Ho Kim, Yong-Lim Kim, Shin-Wook Kang, Chul Woo Yang, Nam-Ho Kim, Yon Su Kim, and Jung Pyo Lee
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The timing of referral to a nephrologist may influence the outcome of chronic kidney disease patients, but its impact has not been evaluated thoroughly. The results of a recent study showing an association between early referral and patient survival are still being debated. A total of 1028 patients newly diagnosed as end-stage renal disease (ESRD) from July 2008 to October 2011 were enrolled. Early referral (ER) was defined as patients meeting with a nephrologist more than a year before dialysis and dialysis education were provided, and all others were considered late referral (LR). The relationship of referral pattern with mortality in ESRD patients was explored using a Cox proportional hazards regression models. Time from referral to dialysis was significantly longer in 599 ER patients than in 429 LR patients (62.3 ± 58.9 versus 2.9 ± 3.4 months, P
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- 2013
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9. An association rule mining-based framework for understanding lifestyle risk behaviors.
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So Hyun Park, Shin Yi Jang, Ho Kim, and Seung Wook Lee
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the prevalence and patterns of lifestyle risk behaviors in Korean adults. METHODS: We utilized data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 14,833 adults (>20 years of age). We used association rule mining to analyze patterns of lifestyle risk behaviors by characterizing non-adherence to public health recommendations related to the Alameda 7 health behaviors. The study variables were current smoking, heavy drinking, physical inactivity, obesity, inadequate sleep, breakfast skipping, and frequent snacking. RESULTS: Approximately 72% of Korean adults exhibited two or more lifestyle risk behaviors. Among women, current smoking, obesity, and breakfast skipping were associated with inadequate sleep. Among men, breakfast skipping with additional risk behaviors such as physical inactivity, obesity, and inadequate sleep was associated with current smoking. Current smoking with additional risk behaviors such as inadequate sleep or breakfast skipping was associated with physical inactivity. CONCLUSION: Lifestyle risk behaviors are intercorrelated in Korea. Information on patterns of lifestyle risk behaviors could assist in planning interventions targeted at multiple behaviors simultaneously.
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- 2014
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10. Non-linear relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and hemoglobin in Korean females: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2011.
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Seung Seok Han, Myounghee Kim, Ho Kim, Su Mi Lee, Yun Jung Oh, Jung Pyo Lee, Sejoong Kim, Kwon Wook Joo, Chun Soo Lim, Yon Su Kim, and Dong Ki Kim
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Anemia and vitamin D deficiency are both important health issues; however, the nature of the association between vitamin D and either hemoglobin or anemia remains unresolved in the general population.Data on 11,206 adults were obtained from the fifth Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. A generalized additive model was used to examine the threshold level for relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and hemoglobin levels. A multivariate logistic regression for anemia was conducted according to 25(OH)D quintiles. All analyses were stratified according to sex and menstrual status.The generalized additive model confirmed a threshold 25(OH)D level of 26.4 ng/mL (male, 27.4 ng/mL; premenopausal females, 11.8 ng/mL; postmenopausal females, 13.4 ng/mL). The threshold level affected the pattern of association between 25(OH)D and anemia risk: the odds ratio of the 1(st) quintile but not the 2(nd), 3(rd), and 4(th) quintiles were significantly different from the 5(th) quintile in both premenopausal and postmenopausal females, however there was no obvious trend in males.This population-based study demonstrated a non-linear relationship with a threshold effect between serum 25(OH)D and hemoglobin levels in females. Further interventional studies are warranted to determine whether the appropriate level of hemoglobin can be achieved by the correction of vitamin D deficiency.
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- 2013
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11. Epidemiological characteristics of novel influenza A (H1N1) in antiviral drug users in Korea.
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Kyunghi Choi, Sung-il Cho, Masahiro Hashizume, and Ho Kim
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Soon after the first novel influenza A (H1N1) death was documented in Korea on August 15, 2009, prompt treatment with antiviral drugs was recommended when an infection was suspected. Free antiviral drugs were distributed to patients who met the case definition in the treatment guidelines, and patients prescribed the antiviral drugs were included in the Antiviral Drug Surveillance System (ADSS). A total of 2,825,821 patients were reported to the ADSS from September 1 to December 31, 2009. Odds ratios were calculated to compare the risks of severe diseases, as indicated by general hospital admissions or intensive care unit (ICU) admissions according to demographic characteristics, underlying medical conditions, and behavioral factors. Approximately 6% of the total population received antiviral drugs during the study period. Of these, 2,709,611 (95.9%) were outpatients, 114,840 (4.06%) were hospitalized, and 1,370 (0.05%) were admitted to the ICU. Children aged 0-9 yr accounted for 33.94% of all reported cases, whereas only 3.89% of the patients were ≥ 60 yr. The estimated incidence of novel influenza A (H1N1) during the pandemic was 5.68/100 of all reported cases. Mortality due to influenza A (H1N1) during the pandemic was 0.33/100,000, with the highest mortality of 1.31/100,000 for patients aged ≥ 60 years. Severe pandemic H1N1 influenza was associated with the presence of one or more underlying medical conditions in elderly aged ≥ 60 years and with lower economic status. Moreover, influenza A (H1N1) appeared to be age-specific in terms of mortality. Although the incidence and admission rates of influenza A (H1N1) were higher in younger age groups, fatal cases were much more likely to occur in the elderly (≥ 60 years). In contrast to earlier influenza A (H1N1) reports, the risks of a severe outcome were elevated among those who were underweight (body mass index < 18.5 kg/m(2)).
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- 2012
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12. Acupuncture for military veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder and related symptoms after combat exposure: Protocol for a scoping review of clinical studies
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Hye-Bin Seung, Jungtae Leem, Hui-Yong Kwak, Chan-Young Kwon, and Sang-Ho Kim
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Multidisciplinary - Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder is caused by traumatic events such as death, serious injury, and sexual violence. Military personnel and veterans are at high risk for posttraumatic stress disorder. Conventional posttraumatic stress disorder treatments have certain limitations. Complementary and integrative medicine treatments, especially acupuncture, are potential novel first-line treatments that may overcome these limitations. We aim to investigate the current status of the available clinical evidence related to acupuncture treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder in war veterans. We will follow the scoping review process as previously described. The study question is as follows: "Which types of clinical research designs, study types, study durations, adverse events, and clinical outcomes have been reported regarding acupuncture therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in military veterans?" We will perform a comprehensive search of Medline, Excerpta Medica dataBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Scopus databases, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and PsycArticles databases, as well as Chinese, Korean, and Japanese databases, from inception to June 2022. Data from the included studies will be collected and descriptively analyzed in relation to our research question. The extracted data will be collated, synthesized, and summarized according to the analytical framework of a scoping review. The protocol of this study adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews to ensure the clarity and completeness of our reporting in all phases of this scoping review (Protocol registration: https://osf.io/t723f/). The findings of this scoping review will provide fundamental data that will help researchers identify appropriate research questions and design further studies on the use of acupuncture for PTSD management in military veterans. These results will be helpful for developing disaster site-specific research protocols for future clinical trials on this topic.
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- 2023
13. Effect of acupuncture on patients with major psychiatric disorder and related symptoms caused by earthquake exposure: Protocol for a scoping review of clinical studies
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Hui-Ju Kwon, Jungtae Leem, Da-Woon Kim, Chan-Young Kwon, and Sang-Ho Kim
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Multidisciplinary - Abstract
Earthquakes have the greatest destructive effect among all natural disasters. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and anxiety disorder (AD) are major psychiatric disorders (MPD) that can be triggered by exposure to earthquakes. Conventional treatments such as pharmacological treatments have several limitations. Acupuncture therapy as a complementary integrative medicine may be an effective alternative treatment for these limitations. This study aimed to identify the status of the clinical evidence regarding acupuncture therapy for earthquake survivors with MPD. We will follow the scoping review process as previously described. The study question is as follows: “Which types of clinical research designs, study types, study durations, adverse events, and clinical outcomes have been reported regarding acupuncture therapy for MPD in earthquake survivors?” Medline, Excerpta Medica dataBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Scopus, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycArticles databases, and Chinese, Korean, and Japanese databases will be comprehensively searched electronically from their inception to November 2022. Data from the included studies will be collected and descriptively analyzed in relation to our research question. We will collate, synthesize, and summarize the extracted data according to the analytical framework of a scoping review. The protocol will conform with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extensions of Scoping Reviews to ensure the clarity and completeness of our reporting in the whole phase of the scoping review (Protocol registration: https://osf.io/wfru7/). The findings of this scoping review will provide fundamental data that will help researchers identify appropriate research questions and design further studies on the use of acupuncture for MPD management in earthquake survivors. These results will be helpful for developing disaster site-specific research protocols for future clinical trials on this topic.
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- 2023
14. Fasting blood glucose and risk of incident pancreatic cancer
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Young Jin Kim, Chang-Mo Oh, Sung Keun Park, Ju Young Jung, Min-Ho Kim, Eunhee Ha, Do Jin Nam, Yeji Kim, Eun Hye Yang, Hyo Choon Lee, Soon Su Shin, and Jae-Hong Ryoo
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Blood Glucose ,Prediabetic State ,Pancreatic Neoplasms ,Multidisciplinary ,Risk Factors ,Incidence ,Humans ,Fasting ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Background The number of patients with diabetes and impaired fasting blood glucose in Korea is rapidly increasing compared to the past, and other metabolic indicators of population are also changed in recent years. To clarify the mechanism more clearly, we investigated the association between fasting blood glucose and incidence of pancreatic cancer in this retrospective cohort study. Methods In Korea National Health Information Database, 19,050 participants without pancreatic cancer in 2009 were enrolled, and followed up until 2013. We assessed the risk of incident pancreatic cancer according to the quartile groups of fasting blood glucose level (quartile 1: Results Compared with quartile1 (reference), unadjusted HRs and 95% CI for incident pancreatic cancer significantly increased in order of quartile2 (1.39 [1.01–1.92]), quartile3 (1.50 [1.09–2.07]) and quartile4 (2.18 [1.62–2.95]), and fully adjusted HRs and 95% CI significantly increased from quartile2 (1.47 [1.05–2.04]), quartile3 (1.61 [1.05–2.04]) to quartile4 (2.31 [1.68–3.17]). Conclusion Fasting blood glucose even with pre-diabetic range was significantly associated with the incident pancreatic cancer in Korean.
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- 2021
15. The dietary intake of chronic kidney disease according to stages: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey
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Min-Ho Kim, Hyung Jung Oh, Dong Ryeol Ryu, and Seon-Mi Kim
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Male ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Biochemistry ,Fats ,Eating ,Chronic Kidney Disease ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Ethnicities ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,Organic Compounds ,Dietary intake ,Middle Aged ,Nutrition Surveys ,Lipids ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Chemistry ,Nephrology ,Korean People ,Physical Sciences ,Disease Progression ,Medicine ,Female ,Dietary Proteins ,Stage IIIa ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Science ,Carbohydrates ,Drinking ,Lower limit ,Asian People ,Internal medicine ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Renal Diseases ,Dietary Carbohydrates ,Humans ,In patient ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Nutrition ,Aged ,National health ,business.industry ,Organic Chemistry ,Dietary management ,Chemical Compounds ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Kidneys ,Nutrients ,Renal System ,medicine.disease ,Diet ,Calcium, Dietary ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,People and Places ,Population Groupings ,business ,Energy Intake ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Appropriate dietary adjustment in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is important, and nutritional guidelines recommend different dietary management depending on the CKD stage. However, there is no study, to our knowledge, of the characteristics of dietary intake according to CKD stages. We tried to assess the comparison of nutritional intake according to CKD stages. A cross-sectional study was conducted to reveal the characteristics of dietary intake among patients with CKD based on the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey between 2011 and 2014. Of 16,878 participants, we classified non-CKD (n = 14,952) and CKD (n = 1,926), which was stratified into five groups (I, II, IIIa, IIIb, and IV–V). We investigated the characteristics of dietary intake, such as energy, water, protein, fat, carbohydrate, sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus, according to stage of CKD. We also explored nutritional intake according to CKD stage among patients with early CKD (stage I and II) and advanced CKD (stage IIIa, IIIb, and IV–V). Intake of majority of nutrients and energy tended to be decreased as CKD progressed. In early CKD stage, intake of energy, water, protein, fat, carbohydrate, potassium, calcium and phosphorus seemed to be statistically significant decreased as CKD progressed. In advanced CKD stage, intake of potassium and calcium seemed to be decreased as CKD progressed, but the intake of energy was about to be lower limit. Appropriate dietary education and CKD recognition are needed to improve nutritional intake depending on the CKD stage.
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- 2021
16. Increasing Fusobacterium infections with Fusobacterium varium, an emerging pathogen
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Se Ju Lee, Yae Jee Baek, Jin Nam Kim, Ki Hyun Lee, Eun Hwa Lee, Joon Sup Yeom, Jun Yong Choi, Nam Su Ku, Jin Young Ahn, Jung Ho Kim, and Su Jin Jeong
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Multidisciplinary ,Fusobacterium Infections ,Humans ,Fusobacterium ,Serum Albumin ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Infections caused by Fusobacterium species are rare; however serious infections with complications or mortality may occur occasionally. We conducted a retrospective study to investigate the clinical features of patients with Fusobacterium infections and the differences between infections caused by the species F. necrophorum, F. nucleatum, and F. varium. Additionally, we attempted to identify risk factors for Fusobacterium-associated mortality. This study included all patients at a large tertiary care teaching hospital in South Korea with Fusobacterium infections from January 2006 to April 2021. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and outcome data were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the risk factors for in-hospital mortality associated with F. nucleatum and F. varium infections. We identified 272 patients with Fusobacterium infections during the study period. The number of Fusobacterium cases has increased recently, with F. varium infections markedly increasing since 2016 and causing a significant proportion of infections. Patients with F. varium infections were older and had a higher proportion of nosocomial infections than the other groups. The F. nucleatum and F. varium groups showed higher in-hospital mortality than the F. necrophorum group. Through logistic regression analysis, APACHE II score and serum albumin level were considered risk factors for in-hospital mortality. APACHE II score was positively correlated with age, red cell distribution width, and serum blood urea nitrogen, and negatively correlated with serum albumin level. Infections caused by Fusobacterium species are increasing. F. varium causes a significant proportion of severe infections.
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- 2021
17. Neuromuscular blockade in mechanically ventilated pneumonia patients with moderate to severe hypoxemia: A multicenter retrospective study
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Moon Seong Baek, Jong Ho Kim, Yaeji Lim, and Young Suk Kwon
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Multidisciplinary - Abstract
Background/Purpose The benefit of neuromuscular blockades (NMBs) in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation remains uncertain. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether NMB use is associated with improved survival of mechanically ventilated pneumonia patients with moderate to severe hypoxemia. Methods This retrospective multicenter study was conducted at five university-affiliated hospitals. Data of pneumonia patients aged 18 years and older who received mechanical ventilation between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2020, were analyzed. Results In a total of 1,130 patients, the mean patient age was 73.1 years (SD±12.6), and the overall mortality rate at 30 d was 29.5% (n = 333). NMB users had a higher 30 d mortality rate than NMB nonusers (33.9% vs. 26.8%, P = 0.014). After PS matching, the 30 d mortality rate was not significantly different between NMB users and nonusers (33.4% vs. 27.8%, p = 0.089). However, 90 d mortality rate was significantly increased in NMB users (39.7% vs. 31.9%, p = 0.021). Univariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses showed that NMB use ≥ 3 d was significant risk factor for the 90 d mortality than those with < 3 d use (90 d mortality HR 1.39 [95% CI: 1.01–1.91], P = 0.045). Conclusions NMB use was not associated with lower 30 d mortality among mechanically ventilated pneumonia patients with moderate to severe hypoxemia. Rather, NMB users had higher 90 d mortality, furthermore, and NMB use ≥ 3 d was associated with a higher risk of long-term mortality compared to NMB use < 3 d. Therefore, care should be taken to avoid extended use of NMB in critically ill pneumonia patients during mechanical ventilation.
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- 2022
18. Validation of quantitative real-time PCR reference genes and spatial expression profiles of detoxication-related genes under pesticide induction in honey bee, Apis mellifera
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YeongHo Kim, Hyemin Kim, JooHeon Cha, Si Hyeock Lee, and Young Ho Kim
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Insecticides ,Superoxide Dismutase-1 ,Multidisciplinary ,Pyridines ,Animals ,Bees ,Pesticides ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction - Abstract
Recently, pesticides have been suggested to be one of the factors responsible for the large-scale decline in honey bee populations, including colony collapse disorder. The identification of the genes that respond to pesticide exposure based on their expression is essential for understanding the xenobiotic detoxification metabolism in honey bees. For the accurate determination of target gene expression by quantitative real-time PCR, the expression stability of reference genes should be validated in honey bees exposed to various pesticides. Therefore, in this study, to select the optimal reference genes, we analyzed the amplification efficiencies of five candidate reference genes (RPS5, RPS18, GAPDH, ARF1, and RAD1a) and their expression stability values using four programs (geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder) across samples of five body parts (head, thorax, gut, fat body, and carcass) from honey bees exposed to seven pesticides (acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flupyradifurone, fenitrothion, carbaryl, amitraz, and bifenthrin). Among these five candidate genes, a combination of RAD1a and RPS18 was suggested for target gene normalization. Subsequently, expression levels of six genes (AChE1, CYP9Q1, CYP9Q2, CYP9Q3, CAT, and SOD1) were normalized with a combination of RAD1a and RPS18 in the different body parts from honey bees exposed to pesticides. Among the six genes in the five body parts, the expression of SOD1 in the head, fat body, and carcass was significantly induced by six pesticides. In addition, among seven pesticides, flupyradifurone statistically induced expression levels of five genes in the fat body.
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- 2022
19. Clinical characteristics of nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in people living with HIV/AIDS in South Korea: A multi-center, retrospective study
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Eun Hwa Lee, BumSik Chin, Young Keun Kim, Jin Sae Yoo, Young-Hwa Choi, Subin Kim, Ki Hyun Lee, Se Ju Lee, Jinnam Kim, Yae Jee Baek, Jung Ho Kim, Jin Young Ahn, Su Jin Jeong, Nam Su Ku, Joon-Sup Yeom, and Jun Yong Choi
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Multidisciplinary ,Humans ,Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous ,Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ,HIV Infections ,Mycobacterium avium Complex ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
With the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) disease has declined. However, NTM diseases still occur in people living with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA). We analysed the clinical and microbiological features of NTM diseases in PLWHA in South Korea. PLWHA who were diagnosed with NTM diseases between January 2000 and March 2021 were retrospectively enrolled from five different hospitals in South Korea. Data on baseline demographics, HIV status, CD4+ T cell counts, viral load, past and current cART regimens, isolated NTM species, results of antimicrobial susceptibility tests, treatment regimens, and outcomes were collected by reviewing medical records. A total of 34 cases of NTM in PLWHA were included. Pulmonary and extrapulmonary NTM diseases accounted for 58.8% (n = 20) and 41.2% (n = 14), respectively. The lymph node was the most common site of extrapulmonary NTM disease (64.3%). The age at the time of NTM disease diagnosis was younger in the extrapulmonary NTM group than in the pulmonary NTM group (37.0 vs. 49.0 years). Mean CD4+ T cell counts at the time of NTM disease diagnosis was 186.6 cells/μL (range: 1–1394). Nine patients (26.5%) had fully suppressed viral loads at the time of NTM disease diagnosis. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) was the most common species found, followed by M. intracellulare and M. kansasii. MAC isolates were all susceptible to clarithromycin, but the rates of non-susceptibility to moxifloxacin, linezolid, ethambutol, and rifampin were 75%, 37.5%, 12.5%, and 12.5%, respectively. The average duration of treatment was 17 months and the mortality rate was 8.8%. NTM diseases may occur in PLWHA, even with completely suppressed viral loads. The identified clinical features of NTM diseases are essential for its clinical management in South Korea.
- Published
- 2022
20. Binge alcohol drinking before pregnancy is closely associated with the development of macrosomia: Korean pregnancy registry cohort
- Author
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Seul Koo, Ji Yeon Kim, Ji Hye Park, Gu Seob Roh, Nam Kyoo Lim, Hyun Young Park, and Won-Ho Kim
- Subjects
Multidisciplinary ,Alcohol Drinking ,Ethanol ,Pregnancy ,Republic of Korea ,Humans ,Female ,Registries ,Weight Gain ,Fetal Macrosomia - Abstract
Background Alcohol drinking during pregnancy has been well-known to cause the detrimental effects on fetal development; however, the adverse effects of pre-pregnancy drinking are largely unknown. We investigate whether alcohol drinking status before pregnancy is associated with the risk for macrosomia, an offspring’s adverse outcome, in a Korean pregnancy registry cohort (n = 4,542) enrolled between 2013 and 2017. Methods Binge drinking was defined as consuming ≥5 drinks on one occasion and ≥2 times a week, and a total 2,886 pregnant, included in the final statistical analysis, were divided into 3 groups: never, non-binge, and binge drinking. Results The prevalence of macrosomia was higher in binge drinking before pregnancy than those with never or non-binge drinking (7.5% vs. 3.2% or 2.9%, p = 0.002). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated an independent association between macrosomia and prepregnancy binge drinking after adjusting for other confounders (adjusted odds ratio = 2.29; 95% CI, 1.08–4.86; p = 0.031). The model added binge drinking before pregnancy led to improvement of 10.6% (95% CI, 2.03–19.07; p = 0.0006) in discrimination from traditional risk prediction models. Conclusion Together, binge drinking before pregnancy might be an independent risk factor for developing macrosomia. Intensified intervention for drinking alcohol in women who are planning a pregnancy is important and may help prevent macrosomia.
- Published
- 2021
21. Potency of propofol for inducing loss of consciousness in end-stage kidney disease patients
- Author
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Mi Roung Jun, Mun Gyu Kim, Ji Eun Park, Ho Bum Cho, Jae Hwa Yoo, Ji Won Chung, Sun Young Park, Ki Seob Han, Sang Ho Kim, and Sanghoon Song
- Subjects
Male ,Unconsciousness ,Epidural Block ,Anesthesiology ,Chronic Kidney Disease ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,Anesthesia ,Propofol ,Geriatric Nephrology ,Multidisciplinary ,Pharmaceutics ,Drugs ,Middle Aged ,Nephrology ,Anesthesia, Intravenous ,Female ,Anatomy ,Anesthetics, Intravenous ,medicine.drug ,Research Article ,Anesthesia, Epidural ,Consciousness ,Initial dose ,Science ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Renal function ,Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures ,Drug Therapy ,Renal Diseases ,Potency ,Pain Management ,Humans ,End-stage kidney disease ,Anesthetics ,Aged ,Pharmacology ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Geriatric nephrology ,Significant difference ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Kidneys ,Renal System ,medicine.disease ,Logistic Models ,Geriatrics ,Cognitive Science ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Local and Regional Anesthesia ,business ,Kidney disease ,Neuroscience - Abstract
It can be difficult for anesthesiologists to determine the optimal dose of propofol for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients due to changes in drug disposition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potency of propofol for inducing loss of consciousness in ESKD patients. Patients with normal kidney function (Control group, n = 15), those with ESKD (ESKD group, n = 15), and those with ESKD undergoing cervical epidural anesthesia (ESKD-CEB group, n = 15) were administered propofol by target-controlled infusion (TCI) using the Schneider model. The effect-site concentration (Ce) of propofol started at 0.5 μg/ml and increased in increments of 0.5 μg/ml until the patient did not respond to verbal commands. The relationship between the probability (P) of loss of consciousness and the Ce of propofol was analyzed in each group using logistic regression. The Ce values of propofol at the time of loss of consciousness were 4.3 ± 0.9, 3.7 ± 0.9, and 3.3 ± 1.0 μg/ml for the Control, ESKD, and ESKD-CEB* groups, respectively (*significant difference vs. control, P < 0.05). The estimated Ce50 values for lost ability to respond to verbal command were 4.56, 3.75, and 3.21 μg/ml for the Control, ESKD, and ESKD-CEB groups, respectively. In conclusion, when inducing anesthesia in ESKD patients, we recommend using an initial dose similar to that of patients with normal kidney function, or rather starting with a lower dose.
- Published
- 2021
22. A mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission in a tertiary hospital and assessment of the effects of different intervention strategies
- Author
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Yae Jee Baek, Taeyong Lee, Yunsuk Cho, Jong Hoon Hyun, Moo Hyun Kim, Yujin Sohn, Jung Ho Kim, Jin Young Ahn, Su Jin Jeong, Nam Su Ku, Joon-Sup Yeom, Jeehyun Lee, and Jun Yong Choi
- Subjects
Outpatient Clinics, Hospital ,Patients ,Science ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Hospital Departments ,Nursing Staff, Hospital ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Tertiary Care Centers ,Betacoronavirus ,COVID-19 Testing ,Patients' Rooms ,Republic of Korea ,Medical Staff, Hospital ,Humans ,Mass Screening ,Pandemics ,Personal Protective Equipment ,Cross Infection ,Infection Control ,Multidisciplinary ,Clinical Laboratory Techniques ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Incidence ,Correction ,COVID-19 ,Visitors to Patients ,Models, Theoretical ,Early Diagnosis ,Caregivers ,Medicine ,Symptom Assessment ,Coronavirus Infections ,Emergency Service, Hospital - Abstract
Novel coronavirus (named SARS-CoV-2) can spread widely in confined settings including hospitals, cruise ships, prisons, and places of worship. In particular, a healthcare-associated outbreak could become the epicenter of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different intervention strategies on the hospital outbreak within a tertiary hospital. A mathematical model was developed for the COVID-19 transmission within a 2500-bed tertiary hospital of South Korea. The SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) model with a compartment of doctor, nurse, patient, and caregiver was constructed. The effects of different intervention strategies such as front door screening, quarantine unit for newly admitted patients, early testing of suspected infected people, and personal protective equipment for both medical staff and visitors were evaluated. The model suggested that the early testing (within eight hours) of infected cases and monitoring the quarantine ward for newly hospitalized patients are effective measures for decreasing the incidence of COVID-19 within a hospital (81.3% and 70% decrease of number of incident cases, respectively, during 60 days). Front door screening for detecting suspected cases had only 42% effectiveness. Screening for prohibiting the admission of COVID-19 patients was more effective than the measures for patients before emergency room or outpatient clinic. This model suggests that under the assumed conditions, some effective measures have a great influence on the incidence of COVID-19 within a hospital. The implementation of the preventive measures could reduce the size of a hospital outbreak.
- Published
- 2021
23. Longitudinal study of meningococcal carriage rates in university entrants living in a dormitory in South Korea
- Author
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Su Jin Jeong, Joon Sup Yeom, Jun Hyoung Kim, Hyukmin Lee, Kyungwon Lee, Jung Ho Kim, Jun Yong Choi, Hye Seong, Heun Choi, Nam Su Ku, Philipp Oster, Hee Soo Kim, Jin Young Ahn, and Woonji Lee
- Subjects
Serotype ,Bacterial Diseases ,Male ,Longitudinal study ,Epidemiology ,Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension ,Meningococcal Disease ,Neisseria meningitidis ,medicine.disease_cause ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Geographical locations ,Medical Conditions ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Ethnicities ,Public and Occupational Health ,Longitudinal Studies ,Prospective Studies ,Multidisciplinary ,Vaccination and Immunization ,Bacterial Pathogens ,Bacterial Typing Techniques ,Infectious Diseases ,Medical Microbiology ,Korean People ,Carrier State ,Population study ,Medicine ,Female ,Pathogens ,Neisseria ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Asia ,Adolescent ,Universities ,Science ,Immunology ,Meningococcal disease ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Microbiology ,Infectious Disease Epidemiology ,Young Adult ,Asian People ,Internal medicine ,South Korea ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Humans ,Typing ,Molecular Biology Techniques ,Students ,Microbial Pathogens ,Molecular Biology ,Bacteria ,business.industry ,Organisms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,medicine.disease ,Meningococcal Infections ,Carriage ,Medical Risk Factors ,Multilocus sequence typing ,Population Groupings ,Preventive Medicine ,People and places ,business ,Multilocus Sequence Typing - Abstract
University students, especially those living in dormitories, are known to have a high risk of invasive meningococcal disease. We performed a longitudinal study to investigate the change in Neisseria meningitidis carriage rates and identify the risk factors for carriage acquisition in university students in South Korea. We recruited university entrants who were admitted to a student dormitory. Pharyngeal swabs were taken from participants at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months, and the subjects completed a questionnaire. Culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for species-specific ctrA and sodC genes were performed. The cultured isolates or PCR-positive samples were further evaluated for epidemiologic characterization using serogrouping, PorA typing, FetA typing, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). At the first visit, we enrolled 332 participants who were predominantly male (64.2%) with a median age of 19 years. Meningococcal carriage rates increased from 2.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.9–4.4%) at baseline to 6.3% (95% CI 3.4–9.0%) at 1 month and 11.8% (95% CI 7.8–15.6%) at 3 months. Nongroupable isolates accounted for 50.0% of all isolates, with serogroup B being the next most prevalent (24.1%). In the study population, male sex (OR 2.613, 95% CI 1.145–5.961, p = 0.022) and frequent pub or club visits (OR 3.701, 95% CI 1.536–8.919, p = 0.004) were significantly associated with meningococcal carriage. Based on serotype and MLST analyses, six carriers transmitted meningococci to other study participants. N. meningitidis carriage rates among new university entrants who lived in a dormitory significantly increased within the first 3 months of dormitory stay, probably owing to the transmission of identical genotype among students. Based on the risk of meningococcal disease, meningococcal vaccination should be considered for students before dormitory admission.
- Published
- 2021
24. The role of interleukin-6 as a prognostic biomarker for predicting acute exacerbation in interstitial lung diseases
- Author
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Ji Hoon Jang, Chan Sun Park, Sunggun Lee, Jae Ha Lee, Jin Han Park, Hang-Jea Jang, Ji Yeon Kim, Seong-Ho Kim, and Hyun Kuk Kim
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Pulmonology ,Exacerbation ,Pulmonary Fibrosis ,Biochemistry ,Gastroenterology ,Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ,Medical Conditions ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Pulmonary fibrosis ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Connective Tissue Diseases ,Multidisciplinary ,Mortality rate ,Area under the curve ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,C-Reactive Proteins ,Chemistry ,Helminth Infections ,Physical Sciences ,Disease Progression ,Medicine ,Female ,Research Article ,Neglected Tropical Diseases ,Chemical Elements ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Death Rates ,Science ,Interstitial Lung Diseases ,Respiratory Disorders ,03 medical and health sciences ,Oxygen Consumption ,Population Metrics ,Echinococcosis ,Internal medicine ,Republic of Korea ,Parasitic Diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias ,Risk factor ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Retrospective Studies ,Population Biology ,Interleukin-6 ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Proteins ,Pneumonia ,Tropical Diseases ,medicine.disease ,Survival Analysis ,Fibrosis ,Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ,Oxygen ,Logistic Models ,030104 developmental biology ,030228 respiratory system ,Lung Diseases, Interstitial ,business ,Biomarkers ,Developmental Biology ,Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia - Abstract
Background Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are chronic, parenchymal lung diseases with a variable clinical course and a poor prognosis. Within various clinical courses, acute exacerbation (AE) is a devastating condition with significant morbidity and high mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) to predict AE and prognosis in patients with ILD. Methods Eighty-three patients who were diagnosed with ILD from 2016 to 2019 at the Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, South Korea, were included and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results The median follow-up period was 20 months. The mean age was 68.1 years and 65.1% of the patients were men with 60.2% of patients being ever-smokers. Among ILDs, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was the most common disease (68.7%), followed by connective tissue disease-associated ILD (14.5%), cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (9.6%), and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (6.0%). The serum levels of IL-6 were measured at diagnosis with ILD and sequentially at follow-up visits. During the follow-ups, 15 (18.1%) patients experienced an acute exacerbation (AE) of ILD and among them, four (26.7%) patients died. In the multivariable analysis, high levels of IL-6 (OR 1.014, 95% CI: 1.001–1.027, p = 0.036) along with lower baseline saturations of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) were independent risk factors for AE. In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve was 0.815 (p < 0.001) and the optimal cut-off value of serum IL-6 to predict AE was 25.20 pg/mL with a sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 80.6%. In the multivariable Cox analysis, a high level of serum IL-6 (HR 1.007, 95% CI: 1.001–1.014, p = 0.018) was only an independent risk factor for mortality in ILD patients. Conclusions In our study, a high level of serum IL-6 is a useful biomarker to predict AE and poor prognosis in patients with ILD.
- Published
- 2021
25. The influence of propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia on postoperative outcomes in end-stage renal disease patients: A retrospective observation study
- Author
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Suyeon Park, Sang Ho Kim, Sun Young Park, Hyun Keun Lee, Ho Bum Cho, Mun Gyu Kim, Ji Won Chung, Jae Hwa Yoo, Sanghoon Song, and Youn Sil Jang
- Subjects
Male ,Multivariate analysis ,General Anesthesia ,Myocardial Infarction ,Blood Pressure ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Vascular Medicine ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,Anesthesiology ,Heart Rate ,Chronic Kidney Disease ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,Anesthesia ,Myocardial infarction ,Propofol ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,Pharmaceutics ,Incidence ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Models, Cardiovascular ,Drugs ,Middle Aged ,Nephrology ,Anesthesia, Intravenous ,Female ,Intravenous Anesthesia ,Research Article ,medicine.drug ,Adult ,Heart Diseases ,Science ,Cardiology ,Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures ,End stage renal disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,Drug Therapy ,Renal Diseases ,Humans ,Pain Management ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Anesthetics ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Intravenous anesthesia ,Anesthetic ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Mace - Abstract
Background To determine whether the anesthetic method of propofol total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) is associated with postoperative outcome in ESRD patients, we evaluated the incidence of postoperative major adverse cardiac events (MACE), comparing propofol TIVA versus anesthesia with volatile anesthesia in ESRD patients. Methods Retrospectively, we identified cases with ESRD patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were divided into those who received only volatile anesthesia (volatile group) and those who received only propofol TIVA (TIVA group). The incidence of MACE and potential confounding variables were compared separately in a univariate logistic model and subsequently by multivariate logistic regression. Results Among the 2576 cases in ESRD patients, 1374 were in the TIVA group and 1202 were in the volatile group. The multivariate analysis included 12 factors, including the anesthesia method, of which five factors were significant. Factors that were associated with a significantly lower MACE risk included preoperative chloride concentration (OR: 0.96; 95% CI, 0.92–0.99), baseline SBP (OR: 0.98; 95% CI, 0.98–0.99), and propofol TIVA (OR: 0.37; 95% CI, 0.22–0.60). Conclusions We inferred that the anesthetic method associated with the postoperative outcome in patients with ESRD.
- Published
- 2021
26. Comparison study of image quality at various radiation doses for CT venography using advanced modeled iterative reconstruction
- Author
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Suyoung Park, Jeong Ho Kim, So Hyun Park, Jin Mo Kang, Sang Tae Choi, and Jung Han Hwang
- Subjects
Male ,Image quality ,Image Processing ,Deep vein ,Femoral vein ,Vascular Medicine ,Diagnostic Radiology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Image noise ,Medicine ,Femur ,Tomography ,Musculoskeletal System ,Aged, 80 and over ,Venous Thrombosis ,Prosthetics ,Multidisciplinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Radiology and Imaging ,Venous Thromboembolism ,Middle Aged ,Deep Vein Thrombosis ,Radiographic Image Enhancement ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine.vein ,Inferior Vena Cava ,cardiovascular system ,Engineering and Technology ,Female ,Stents ,Anatomy ,Algorithms ,Research Article ,Biotechnology ,Imaging Techniques ,Science ,Venography ,Neuroimaging ,Bioengineering ,Image Analysis ,Iterative reconstruction ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Radiation Dosage ,Inferior vena cava ,Veins ,Diagnostic Medicine ,Thromboembolism ,Humans ,Thrombus ,Skeleton ,Aged ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ,Phlebography ,medicine.disease ,Computed Axial Tomography ,Assistive Technologies ,Signal Processing ,Cardiovascular Anatomy ,Blood Vessels ,Medical Devices and Equipment ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Objective We compared the image quality according to the radiation dose on computed tomography (CT) venography at 80 kVp using advanced modeled iterative reconstruction for deep vein thrombus and other specific clinical conditions considering standard-, low-, and ultralow-dose CT. Methods In this retrospective study, 105 consecutive CT venography examinations were included using a third-generation dual-source scanner in the dual-source mode in tubes A (reference mAs, 210 mAs at 70%) and B (reference mAs, 90 mAs at 30%) at a fixed 80 kVp. Two radiologists independently reviewed each observation of standard- (100% radiation dose), low- (70%), and ultralow-dose (30%) CT. The objective quality of large veins and subjective image quality regarding lower-extremity veins and deep vein thrombus were compared between images according to the dose. In addition, the CT dose index volumes were displayed from the images. Results From the patients, 24 presented deep vein thrombus in 69 venous segments of CT examinations. Standard-dose CT provided the lowest image noise at the inferior vena cava and femoral vein compared with low- and ultralow-dose CT (p < 0.001). There were no differences regarding subjective image quality between the images of popliteal and calf veins at the three doses (e.g., 3.8 ± 0.7, right popliteal vein, p = 0.977). The image quality of the 69 deep vein thrombus segments showed equally slightly higher scores in standard- and low-dose CT (4.0 ± 0.2) than in ultralow-dose CT (3.9 ± 0.4). The CT dose index volumes were 4.4 ± 0.6, 3.1 ± 0.4, and 1.3 ± 0.2 mGy for standard-, low-, and ultralow-dose CT, respectively. Conclusions Low- and ultralow-dose CT venography at 80 kVp using an advanced model based iterative reconstruction algorithm allows to evaluate deep vein thrombus and perform follow-up examinations while showing an acceptable image quality and reducing the radiation dose.
- Published
- 2021
27. Correlation between tumor infiltrating immune cells and peripheral regulatory T cell determined using methylation analyses and its prognostic significance in resected gastric cancer
- Author
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Sang Hoon Ahn, Hye Seung Lee, Do Joong Park, Hyung Ho Kim, Ji Won Kim, Jin Won Kim, Kui Jin Kim, Keun Wook Lee, Jieun Kim, Jiwon Koh, Ji Hea Sung, and Koung Jin Suh
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Physiology ,Cell ,T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ,Lung and Intrathoracic Tumors ,Immune tolerance ,0302 clinical medicine ,Animal Cells ,Breast Tumors ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Tumor Microenvironment ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,Hazard ratio ,FOXP3 ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Body Fluids ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Blood ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicine ,Female ,Cellular Types ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,Adult ,Regulatory T cell ,Immune Cells ,Science ,Immunology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,Diagnostic Medicine ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Gastrointestinal Tumors ,Breast Cancer ,medicine ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Humans ,Aged ,Colorectal Cancer ,Tumor microenvironment ,business.industry ,Cancer ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Cell Biology ,DNA Methylation ,medicine.disease ,Lymphocyte Subsets ,Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer ,Gastric Cancer ,030104 developmental biology ,Head and Neck Cancers ,Cancer research ,business - Abstract
Peripheral regulatory T cells (pTregs) are a highly immunosuppressive fraction of CD4+ T cells. We aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of pTregs in patients with gastric cancer and to determine the correlation between pTregs and immune cell infiltration in tumor microenvironment. pTregs status was determined by assessing the pTreg/total T-cell ratio (ratio of Foxp3 Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR) to CD3G/CD3D demethylation, so-called Cellular Ratio of Immune Tolerance “ImmunoCRIT”) using methylation analyses in 433 patients with gastric cancer who received curative surgery. Among 422 evaluable patients, 230 (54.5%) had high ImmunoCRIT (> 21.0). Patients with high ImmunoCRIT had significantly shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) than those with high ImmunoCRIT (p = 0.030, p = 0.008, respectively). In multivariate analysis, high ImmunoCRIT kept a prognostic role for shorter OS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–2.9; p = 0.005). CD3+ cell density and CD4+ cell density was significantly higher within the tumor in high ImmunoCRIT group than those in low ImmunoCRIT group (CD3+ cell, 202.12/mm2 vs. 172.2/mm2, p = 0.029; CD4+ cell, 56.5/mm2 vs. 43.5/mm2, p = 0.007). In conclusion, the peripheral ImmunoCRIT determined by epigenetic methylation analysis provides prognostic information in resected gastric tumors.
- Published
- 2021
28. Effect of intentional restriction of venous return on tissue oxygenation in a porcine model of acute limb ischemia
- Author
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Myeong Ki Hong, Chung Mo Nam, Won Ho Kim, Yangsoo Jang, Seung Ho Hur, and Donghoon Choi
- Subjects
Physiology ,Swine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Iliac Vein ,Oxygen ,Vascular Medicine ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ischemia ,Pig Models ,Blood Flow ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Embolization ,Multidisciplinary ,Arterial Embolization ,Animal Models ,Arteries ,Common iliac artery ,Body Fluids ,Hindlimb ,Chemistry ,Blood ,Experimental Organism Systems ,Physical Sciences ,Cardiology ,Female ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,Chemical Elements ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Science ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Iliac Artery ,Veins ,03 medical and health sciences ,Oxygen Consumption ,Internal medicine ,medicine.artery ,Animals ,Oxygen saturation ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Disease Models, Animal ,chemistry ,Regional Blood Flow ,Body Limbs ,Cardiovascular Anatomy ,Animal Studies ,Blood Vessels ,business ,Common iliac vein ,Venous return curve ,Blood sampling - Abstract
Introduction A sufficient oxygen supply to ischemic limb tissue is the most important requirement for wound healing and limb salvage. We investigated whether partial venous occlusion in the common iliac vein (CIV) causes a further increase of venous oxygenation in a porcine model of acute hindlimb ischemia. Materials and methods In 7 pigs, the model of acute hindlimb ischemia was created with intra-vascular embolization of the common iliac artery (CIA). The arterial and venous oxygen saturation was evaluated at different moments. Oxygen saturation was evaluated at baseline (T0), just after the arterial embolization (T1), at 10 minutes (T2), at 20 minutes (T3), and at 40 minutes (T4). Next, an intentional partial venous occlusion was achieved by inflating the vascular balloon at the level of the right CIV. Then, blood sampling was repeated at 5 minutes (T5), at 15 minutes (T6), and at 25 minutes (T7). Results The arterial oxygen saturation in the right SFA was similar during all phases. In contrast, after arterial embolization, an immediate reduction of venous oxygen saturation was observed (from 85.57 ± 1.72 at T0 to 71.86 ± 7.58 at T4). After the partial venous occlusion, interestingly, the venous oxygen saturations (T5-T7) were significantly increased, again. The venous oxygen saturations evaluated in the hindlimb ischemia with partial venous occlusion and in the control limb (without partial venous occlusion) were significantly over time. Venous oxygen saturations in the experimental limbs were higher than those in the control limbs (79.28 ± 4.82 vs 59.00 ± 2.82, p-value Conclusions Partial venous occlusion results in an increase of venous oxygen saturation in the ischemic limb, while significant changes in venous oxygen saturation are not observed in the control limb. An explanation for this may be that the oxygen consumption in the limb tissue is increased because it gets congested with the partial venous occlusion in the right CIV.
- Published
- 2020
29. Opportunistic use of chest CT for screening osteoporosis and predicting the risk of incidental fracture in breast cancer patients: A retrospective longitudinal study
- Author
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Heeyoung Lee, Jeong Ho Kim, So Hyun Park, Eun Young Kim, Heung Kyu Park, Hee Kyung Ahn, and Yu Mi Jeong
- Subjects
Longitudinal study ,Multivariate analysis ,Critical Care and Emergency Medicine ,Epidemiology ,Osteoporosis ,Chest ct ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Diagnostic Radiology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Absorptiometry, Photon ,Breast Tumors ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Longitudinal Studies ,Connective Tissue Diseases ,Tomography ,Musculoskeletal System ,Trauma Medicine ,Multidisciplinary ,Radiology and Imaging ,Cancer Risk Factors ,Middle Aged ,Thorax ,Prognosis ,Bone Imaging ,Oncology ,Bone Fracture ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicine ,Spinal Fractures ,Female ,Anatomy ,Traumatic Injury ,Research Article ,Risk ,Imaging Techniques ,Science ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Neuroimaging ,Breast Neoplasms ,Research and Analysis Methods ,03 medical and health sciences ,Breast cancer ,Rheumatology ,Diagnostic Medicine ,Breast Cancer ,medicine ,Humans ,Skeleton ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,Spine ,Computed Axial Tomography ,X-Ray Radiography ,Medical Risk Factors ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Neuroscience - Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of chest computed tomography (CT) for opportunistic screening and longitudinal follow-up of osteoporosis in breast cancer patients, compared to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The association between L1 vertebral attenuation on chest CT and incidental fracture was also evaluated. We retrospectively reviewed 414 consecutive breast cancer patients who underwent both non-enhanced chest CT and DXA within a 3-month interval and had at least two DXA and two chest CT examinations over more than 1 year. The attenuation value of the L1 trabecular bone was measured on an axial CT image and compared to the corresponding DXA T-score. The diagnostic performance of L1 vertebral attenuation on CT for osteoporosis was calculated at different thresholds (90 HU, 100 HU, 110 HU), and the correlation between L1 vertebral attenuation values and DXA T-scores was statistically analyzed. Overall fracture-free survival was estimated and compared with the threshold of 90 HU on CT and -2.5 T-score on DXA. Of 414 patients (median age, 53.0 years), 88 (21.3%) had either vertebral or non-vertebral fractures. The median follow-up duration between initial and final DXA was 902.9 days. There was a moderate correlation between L1 vertebral attenuation value and DXA T-score (ρ = 0.684, CI 0.653-0.712). Fracture-free survival was significantly lower in patients with attenuation values ≤90 HU on CT and T-scores ≤-2.5 on DXA (P < .001). Multivariate analysis revealed that attenuation values ≤90 HU on CT (P < .001), T-scores ≤-2.5 on DXA (P = .003), and age ≥65 years (P = .03) were independent significant prognostic factors associated with overall fracture-free survival. The sensitivities and specificities of L1 attenuation value were 54.9% and 85.8% at 90-HU threshold, 74.0% and78.4% at 100-HU threshold, and 83.9% and 70.1% at 110-HU threshold, respectively. In conclusion, CT can be used for predicting osteoporosis and discriminating incidental fracture risk in breast cancer patients.
- Published
- 2020
30. A mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission in a tertiary hospital and assessment of the effects of different intervention strategies
- Author
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Yae Jee Baek, Jung Ho Kim, Jong Hoon Hyun, Yunsuk Cho, Taeyong Lee, Jun Yong Choi, Jin Young Ahn, Yujin Sohn, Nam Su Ku, Jeehyun Lee, Su Jin Jeong, Moo Hyun Kim, and Joon Sup Yeom
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Viral Diseases ,Pulmonology ,Epidemiology ,Science ,Health Care Providers ,Nurses ,Equipment ,03 medical and health sciences ,Respiratory Disorders ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medical Conditions ,Intervention (counseling) ,Physicians ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Outpatient clinic ,Infection control ,Public and Occupational Health ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Medical Personnel ,Personal protective equipment ,Mass screening ,Quarantines ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Outbreak ,Covid 19 ,Health Care ,Professions ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,Caregivers ,Emergency medicine ,People and Places ,Respiratory Infections ,Medicine ,Engineering and Technology ,Population Groupings ,Safety Equipment ,Safety ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Novel coronavirus (named SARS-CoV-2) can spread widely in confined settings including hospitals, cruise ships, prisons, and places of worship. In particular, a healthcare-associated outbreak could become the epicenter of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different intervention strategies on the hospital outbreak within a tertiary hospital. A mathematical model was developed for the COVID-19 transmission within a 2500-bed tertiary hospital of South Korea. The SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) model with a compartment of doctor, nurse, patient, and caregiver was constructed. The effects of different intervention strategies such as front door screening, quarantine unit for newly admitted patients, early testing of suspected infected people, and personal protective equipment for both medical staff and visitors were evaluated. The model suggested that the early testing (within eight hours) of infected cases and monitoring the quarantine ward for newly hospitalized patients are effective measures for decreasing the incidence of COVID-19 within a hospital (81.3% and 70% decrease of number of incident cases, respectively, during 60 days). Front door screening for detecting suspected cases had only 42% effectiveness. Screening for prohibiting the admission of COVID-19 patients was more effective than the measures for patients before emergency room or outpatient clinic. This model suggests that under the assumed conditions, some effective measures have a great influence on the incidence of COVID-19 within a hospital. The implementation of the preventive measures could reduce the size of a hospital outbreak.
- Published
- 2020
31. Patterns and prognosis of holding regimens for people living with HIV in Asian countries
- Author
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Jung Ho, Kim, Awachana, Jiamsakul, Sasisopin, Kiertiburanakul, Bui Vu, Huy, Suwimon, Khusuwan, Nagalingeswaran, Kumarasamy, Oon Tek, Ng, Penh Sun, Ly, Man-Po, Lee, Yu-Jiun, Chan, Yasmin Mohamed, Gani, Iskandar, Azwa, Anchalee, Avihingsanon, Tuti Parwati, Merati, Sanjay, Pujari, Romanee, Chaiwarith, Fujie, Zhang, Junko, Tanuma, Cuong Duy, Do, Rossana, Ditangco, Evy, Yunihastuti, Jeremy, Ross, and Jun Yong, Choi
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Multidisciplinary ,Anti-HIV Agents ,Lamivudine ,Humans ,Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ,Female ,HIV Infections ,Middle Aged ,Viral Load ,Prognosis ,Zidovudine - Abstract
The use of holding regimens for people living with HIV (PLWH) without effective antiretroviral options can have effects on outcomes and future treatment options. We aimed to investigate the use of holding regimens for PLWH in Asian countries. Data from adults enrolled in routine HIV care in IeDEA Asia-Pacific cohorts were included. Individuals were considered to be on holding regimen if they had been on combination antiretroviral therapy for at least 6 months, had two confirmed viral loads (VL) ≥1000 copies/mL, and had remained on the same medications for at least 6 months. Survival time was analyzed using Fine and Gray’s competing risk regression. Factors associated with CD4 changes and VL 50 years compared to age 31–40 years (sub-hazard ratio [SHR] 3.29, 95% CI 1.45–7.43, p = 0.004), and VL ≥1000 copies/ml compared to VL
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- 2022
32. Quantitative evaluation of radiodermatitis following whole-breast radiotherapy with various color space models: A feasibility study
- Author
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So-Yeon Park, Jin Ho Kim, Ji Hyun Chang, Jong Min Park, Chang Heon Choi, and Jung-In Kim
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Multidisciplinary ,Radiotherapy ,Feasibility Studies ,Humans ,Breast Neoplasms ,Female ,Breast ,Radiodermatitis ,Skin - Abstract
Purpose We analyzed skin images with various color space models to objectively assess radiodermatitis severity in patients receiving whole-breast radiotherapy. Methods Twenty female patients diagnosed with breast cancer were enrolled prospectively. All patients received whole-breast radiotherapy without boost irradiation. Skin images for both irradiated and unirradiated breasts were recorded in red-green-blue (RGB) color space using a mobile skin analysis device. For longitudinal analysis, the images were acquired before radiotherapy (RTbefore), approximately 7 days after the first fraction of radiotherapy (RT7days), RT14days, and approximately 10 days after radiotherapy completion (RTafter). Four color space models (RGB, hue-saturation-value (HSV), L*a*b*, and YCbCr models) were employed to calculate twelve color space parameters for each skin image. Skin dose measurements for irradiated breasts were performed using nanoDot optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters on the first fraction of radiotherapy. Subsequently, acute radiation dermatitis in each patient was assessed according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group scoring criteria at both RT14days and RTafter. Finally, several statistical analysis methods were applied to investigate the performance of the color space parameters to objectively assess the radiodermatitis. Results Owing to radiation-induced skin damage, R value of RGB model as well as S and V values of the HSV model for irradiated breasts increased significantly, while those for unirradiated breasts showed smaller increases. These parameters showed the longitudinal changes in color space parameters within each group and between groups over time with statistical significance. Strong correlations of the parameters for irradiated breasts at RT7days with skin doses and those at RTafter were observed with statistical significance. Conclusion The R value of RGB model as well as the S and V values of HSV model showed relatively better performance in evaluating the acute radiation dermatitis. These color space parameters could therefore serve as useful tools to assess radiodermatitis severity in a dose-dependent manner.
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- 2022
33. Clinical findings, viral load, and outcomes of COVID-19: Comparison of patients with negative and positive initial chest computed tomography
- Author
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Cherry Kim, Ji-Yeon Kim, Eun Joo Lee, Yu Min Kang, Kyoung-Ho Song, Eu Suk Kim, Eun Jin Kim, Seungsoo Sheen, Yoo Ra Lee, BeoDeul Kang, Joon Ho Kim, Myoung Lyeol Woo, Chul Hee Park, Soohoon Kwon, Eun Ju Choo, Tark Kim, Donghoon Kim, Hong Sang Oh, and Won Suk Choi
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Multidisciplinary ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Sputum ,COVID-19 ,Middle Aged ,Thorax ,Viral Load ,Prognosis ,Young Adult ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Republic of Korea ,Humans ,Female ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Reports detailing the clinical characteristics, viral load, and outcomes of patients with normal initial chest CT findings are lacking. We sought to compare the differences in clinical findings, viral loads, and outcomes between patients with confirmed COVID-19 who initially tested negative on chest CT (CT negative) with patients who tested initially positive on chest CT (CT positive). The clinical data, viral loads, and outcomes of initial CT-positive and CT-negative patients examined between January 2020 and April 2020 were retrospectively compared. The efficacy of viral load (cyclic threshold value [Ct value]) in predicting pneumonia was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC). In total, 128 patients underwent initial chest CT (mean age, 54.3 ± 19.0 years, 50% male). Of those, 36 were initially CT negative, and 92 were CT positive. The CT-positive patients were significantly older (P < .001) than the CT-negative patients. Only age was significantly associated with the initial presence of pneumonia (odds ratio, 1.060; confidence interval (CI), 1.020-1-102; P = .003). In addition, age (OR, 1.062; CI, 1.014–1.112; P = .011), fever at diagnosis (OR, 6.689; CI, 1.715–26.096; P = .006), and CRP level (OR, 1.393; CI, 1.150–1.687; P = .001) were significantly associated with the need for O2 therapy. Viral load was significantly higher in the CT-positive group than in the CT-negative group (P = .017). The cutoff Ct value for predicting the presence of pneumonia was 27.71. Outcomes including the mean hospital stay, intensive care unit admission, and O2 therapy were significantly worse in the CT-positive group than in the CT-negative group (all P < .05). In conclusion, initially CT-negative patients showed better outcomes than initially CT-positive patients. Age was significantly associated with the initial presence of pneumonia, and viral load may help in predicting the initial presence of pneumonia.
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- 2022
34. Development of 50 InDel-based barcode system for genetic identification of tartary buckwheat resources
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Hwa Yeun Nam, Hwang-Bae Sohn, Su-Young Hong, Jung Hwan Nam, Dong Ha Oh, Sunghoon Ivan Lee, Yul-Ho Kim, Sin-Gi Park, and Su-Jeong Kim
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Germplasm ,Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension ,Plant Science ,Plant Genetics ,01 natural sciences ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Geographical Locations ,INDEL Mutation ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Phylogeny ,Flowering Plants ,Plant Proteins ,Data Management ,Genetics ,Multidisciplinary ,Fagopyrum tataricum ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Eukaryota ,Agriculture ,Phylogenetic Analysis ,Genomics ,Amplicon ,Plants ,Phylogenetics ,Medicine ,Genome, Plant ,Fagopyrum ,Research Article ,Genetic Markers ,China ,Computer and Information Sciences ,Asia ,Science ,Locus (genetics) ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Crops ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,03 medical and health sciences ,DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ,Evolutionary Systematics ,Indel ,Molecular Biology Techniques ,Buckwheat ,Molecular Biology ,Taxonomy ,Crop Genetics ,Evolutionary Biology ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Organisms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Agronomy ,Plant Breeding ,030104 developmental biology ,People and Places ,Edible Grain ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Reference genome ,Crop Science ,Cereal Crops - Abstract
Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gartn.) is a highly functional crop that is poised to be the target of many future breeding efforts. The reliable ex situ conservation of various genetic resources is essential for the modern breeding of tartary buckwheat varieties. We developed PCR-based co-dominant insertion/deletion (InDel) markers to discriminate tartary buckwheat genetic resources. First, we obtained the whole genome from 26 accessions across a superscaffold-scale reference genome of 569.37 Mb for tartary buckwheat cv. “Daegwan 3–7.” Next, 171,926 homogeneous and 53,755 heterogeneous InDels were detected by comparing 26 accessions with the “Daegwan 3–7” reference sequence. Of these, 100 candidate InDels ranging from 5–20 bp in length were chosen for validation, and 50 of them revealed polymorphisms between the 26 accessions and “Daegwan 3–7.” The validated InDels were further tested through the assessment of their likelihood to give rise to a single or a few PCR products in 50 other accessions, covering most tartary buckwheat genome types. The major allele frequencies ranged from 0.5616 at the TB42 locus to 0.9863 at the TB48 locus, with the average PIC value of 0.1532 with a range of 0.0267–0.3712. To create a user-friendly system, the homology of the genotypes between and among the accessions were visualized in both one- (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) barcode types by comparing amplicon polymorphisms with the reference variety, “Daegwan 3–7.” A phylogenetic tree and population structure of the 76 accessions according to amplicon polymorphisms for the 50 InDel markers corresponded to those using non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism variants, indicating that the barcode system based on the 50 InDels was a useful tool to improve the reliability of identification of tartary buckwheat accessions in the germplasm stocks.
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- 2020
35. Dietary factors associated with inflammatory laryngeal disease in South Korea
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Min-Ho Kim, Soo Yeon Jung, So Jeong Lee, Eun Hee Ha, and Han Su Kim
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Larynx ,Male ,Epidemiology ,Organic chemistry ,Laryngitis ,Coffee ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Medical Conditions ,Animal Cells ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Prevalence ,Laryngeal Diseases ,Vitamin A ,education.field_of_study ,Multidisciplinary ,Cancer Risk Factors ,Vitamins ,Middle Aged ,Physical sciences ,Chemistry ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,Granulomas ,Medicine ,Female ,Anatomy ,Cellular Types ,Research Article ,Vitamin ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Inflammatory Diseases ,Immune Cells ,Science ,Population ,Immunology ,Lower risk ,Malignancy ,Throat ,Beverages ,Chemical compounds ,Sex Factors ,Internal medicine ,Organic compounds ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Humans ,education ,Nutrition ,Aged ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Nutrients ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Diet ,chemistry ,Medical Risk Factors ,Propensity score matching ,business ,Neck - Abstract
Laryngeal inflammation causes not only benign diseases of the larynx, such as laryngitis and granuloma, but also malignancy. Dietary factors are known to control or modulate the inflammatory reaction in the body. To date, the association between laryngeal inflammation and dietary factors has not been reported using nationwide population-based data. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between several dietary factors and inflammatory laryngeal disease in the Korean population. This study analyzed the data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys which is cross-sectional nationwide-population-based study. Association between the dietary nutrient intake and the prevalence of inflammatory laryngeal diseases was analyzed in 21,116 participants who underwent a laryngoscopy and filled in the dietary intake questionnaires. Of the 21,116 participants included in the analysis, 758 (3.59%) were diagnosed with inflammatory laryngeal disease. Prevalence of inflammatory laryngeal disease was higher in men (4.58%) than in women (2.84%). The mean age of patients was 53.77 years. When analyzing the risk using propensity score matching, ILD group tend to consume more coffee and to intake less fiber and iron than normal group. On Logistic regression analysis, an increased intake of carbohydrate, fiber, and iron was associated with lowered risk of having ILD in female. The association between inflammatory laryngeal disease and dietary factors was prominent in the group aged ≥50 years and female. Increased intake of fiber, iron, and vitamin A were associated with lower risk in the group aged ≥50 years. In female, increased intake of fiber, iron were associated with lower risk of having ILD. In the group aged ≤50 years, only an increased consumption of makgeolli, Korean traditional rice wine, was associated with a higher risk of ILD.
- Published
- 2020
36. Survival of medial versus lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: A meta-analysis
- Author
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Seung Beom Han, Sang-Soo Lee, Young-Soo Shin, Jung-Taek Im, Phil-Sun Park, and Kyoung-Ho Kim
- Subjects
Kinematics ,Medical Implants ,Knees ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Orthopedic Surgery ,Pain relief ,Osteoarthritis ,Mathematical and Statistical Techniques ,Odds Ratio ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ,Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty ,Musculoskeletal System ,Multidisciplinary ,Relative survival ,Physics ,Statistics ,Classical Mechanics ,Osteoarthritis, Knee ,Metaanalysis ,Treatment Outcome ,Meta-analysis ,Physical Sciences ,Regression Analysis ,Legs ,Engineering and Technology ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,Biotechnology ,musculoskeletal diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Science ,Bioengineering ,Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Arthroplasty ,Musculoskeletal System Procedures ,Rheumatology ,Humans ,Pain Management ,Statistical Methods ,business.industry ,Arthritis ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Body Limbs ,Medical Devices and Equipment ,Implant ,business ,Mathematics - Abstract
Many studies have found associations between unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and implant survival, but controversy still exists regarding the relative survival of medial versus lateral UKA over mid-to long-term follow-up. The purpose of this study was to compare survival and clinical outcomes of medial and lateral UKAs. In this meta-analysis, we reviewed studies that assessed implant survival in patients who underwent medial or lateral UKA with short- to mid-term (10years) follow-up, and that used assessments, such as pain and function scores, to compare postoperative scores on knee outcome scales. A total of eight studies (33,999 knees with medial UKA and 2,853 with lateral UKA) met the inclusion criteria and was analyzed in detail. There were no significant differences between medial and lateral UKA in pain score (95% CI: -0.37 to 0.88; P = 0.42), function score (95% CI: -0.19 to 0.60; P = 0.31), short- to mid-term survival (medial, 32,083/33,483; lateral, 2,636/2,726; OR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.64 to 1.48;P = 0.91), or long-term survival (medial, 479/516; lateral, 110/127; OR 2.51, 95% CI:0.67 to 9.43; P = 0.17). In addition, both groups had substantial proportions of knees with short- to mid-term survival (95.6% by medial UKA and 94.6% by lateral UKA) and long-term survival (92.8% by medial UKA and 86.6% by lateral UKA). This meta-analysis found no significant differences in short- to mid-term and long-term survival of medial and lateral UKAs. Similarly, patients treated with medial UKA showed no difference in pain relief or functional improvement compared to patients treated with lateral UKA. These results suggest that both UKA techniques are viable treatment options for patients with unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis over long-term follow-up, although further high-quality studies are needed to address some remaining uncertainties regarding the clinical benefits of these procedures.
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- 2020
37. Clinical characteristics and online mental health care of asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients with coronavirus disease 2019
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Jung Ho Kim, Yae Jee Baek, Jong Hoon Hyun, Su Jin Jeong, Chung Wonsuk, Jun Yong Choi, Yunsuk Cho, Jin Young Ahn, Yujin Sohn, and Joon Sup Yeom
- Subjects
Male ,Viral Diseases ,Epidemiology ,Emotions ,Social Sciences ,Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension ,Anxiety ,Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Medical Conditions ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Prevalence ,Psychology ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Quarantines ,Multidisciplinary ,Depression ,Middle Aged ,Infectious Diseases ,Mental Health ,Quarantine ,Medicine ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Internet-Based Intervention ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Science ,Anosmia ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Asymptomatic ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,Mental Health and Psychiatry ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Humans ,Molecular Biology Techniques ,Molecular Biology ,Pandemics ,Aged ,SARS ,Mood Disorders ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,COVID-19 ,Covid 19 ,Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Ageusia ,Mental health ,Age Groups ,People and Places ,Asymptomatic Diseases ,Population Groupings ,business ,Delivery of Health Care ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Comparing to data in patients with severe coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19), there are few studies on the prevalence anxiety and/or depression in patients with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic COVID-19. We investigated the clinical characteristics and the prevalence of anxiety and/or depression among asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients with COVID-19 and monitored their mental health using an online assessment. An online survey for monitoring and assessing the mental health of patients with COVID-19 using a mobile phone was conducted. We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to measure anxiety and/or depression levels. Of the 234 patients, 66 patients were asymptomatic (28.2%), while the remaining 168 patients were mildly symptomatic. The prevalence of anosmia (p = 0.001) and ageusia (p = 0.008) significantly decreased with the increasing age. In addition, 19.8% and 14.0% patients had anxiety and/or depression in the first survey, and one week after the first survey, respectively. Compared to patients without anxiety and/or depression, those with anxiety and/or depression had a longer quarantine duration. We found that anomia and ageusia were relatively common in the young age group. Furthermore, one-fifth asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients with COVID-19 had anxiety and/or depression.
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- 2020
38. Comparison of bispectral index-guided and fixed-gas concentration techniques in desflurane and remifentanil anesthesia: A randomized controlled trial
- Author
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Won Ho Kim, Soo Bin Yoon, Yoo Sun Jung, Chul Woo Jung, Hyung Chul Lee, and Seong Mi Yang
- Subjects
Male ,Minimum alveolar concentration ,General Anesthesia ,Hemodynamics ,Blood Pressure ,Vascular Medicine ,Hypnotic ,Desflurane ,Anesthesiology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Drug Dosage Calculations ,Anesthesia ,Anesthesiology Monitoring ,Multidisciplinary ,Pharmaceutics ,Stomach ,Drugs ,Electroencephalography ,Hematology ,Middle Aged ,Analgesics, Opioid ,Elective Surgical Procedures ,Bispectral index ,Anesthetics, Inhalation ,Medicine ,Female ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,medicine.drug ,medicine.drug_class ,Science ,Remifentanil ,Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures ,Drug Therapy ,Ocular System ,Monitoring, Intraoperative ,medicine ,Humans ,Pain Management ,Arterial Pressure ,Aged ,Anesthetics ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Blood pressure ,Anesthesia Recovery Period ,Anesthetic ,Eyes ,Laparoscopy ,business ,Head - Abstract
Anesthesia with desflurane and remifentanil can be maintained with either fixed or titrated desflurane concentration. We hypothesized that the fixed-gas concentration (FG) method would reduce the number of anesthetic titrations without hypnotic and hemodynamic instability compared to the bispectral index (BIS)-guided (BG) method. Forty-eight patients were randomly allocated to the FG or BG groups. In the FG group, desflurane vaporizer setting was fixed at 1 age-corrected minimum alveolar concentration (MAC). In the BG group, desflurane was titrated to target a BIS level at 50. Remifentanil was titrated to maintain a systolic arterial pressure (SAP) of 120 mmHg in both groups. Our primary endpoint was the hypnotic stability measured by the wobble of BIS in performance analysis, and the secondary endpoints included the wobble of SAP, mean BIS value during surgery, and the number of anesthetic titrations. The BIS in the FG group showed significantly less wobble (3.9 ± 1.1% vs 5.5 ± 1.5%, P vs 46 ± 7, P vs 5.2 (4.2–8.3)%, P = 0.557]. The numbers of anesthetic titrations in the FG group were significantly lower than the BG group (0 ± 0 vs 8 ± 5, Pvs 22 ± 17, P = 0.047 for remifentanil). Less wobble in BIS and reduced anesthetic titration without hemodynamic instability during the FG technique may be practical in balanced anesthesia using desflurane and remifentanil anesthesia. Clinical trial: This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02283866).
- Published
- 2020
39. Cross-cultural validation of the decisional balance scale in exercise across countries
- Author
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Garry Kuan, Abdulwali Sabo, Young-Ho Kim, and Yee Cheng Kueh
- Subjects
psychometrics ,Questionnaires ,Psychometrics ,Cross-sectional study ,physical activity ,Social Sciences ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Ethnicities ,Psychology ,Public and Occupational Health ,Multidisciplinary ,exercise ,Covariance ,Malay People ,Sports Science ,Confirmatory factor analysis ,Korean people ,Research Design ,covariance ,Korean People ,Scale (social sciences) ,Physical Sciences ,language ,Medicine ,Research Article ,Clinical psychology ,Cross-Cultural Comparison ,Science ,Sample (statistics) ,psychology ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Structural equation modeling ,Young Adult ,Asian People ,Republic of Korea ,Humans ,Sports and Exercise Medicine ,Exercise ,Malay ,Behavior ,Survey Research ,behavior ,Malaysia ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Construct validity ,Random Variables ,Physical Activity ,Probability Theory ,language.human_language ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Physical Fitness ,People and Places ,Population Groupings ,Mathematics - Abstract
Data Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting information files. Copyright: © 2021 Kueh et al. Background: This study examined the psychometric properties of the Korean and Malay version of the decisional balance (DB) for exercise (i.e. perceived benefits and perceived barriers) using a cross-sectional design. Also, this study assessed the measurement and structural invariance of the DB scale across countries. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Malaysia and Korea. The study sample consisted of 574 Korean participants and 562 Malaysian participants. The mean age of the participants was 19.8 (SD = 1.29) for the Korean sample and 19.8 (SD = 1.22) for the Malaysian sample. Participants were invited to complete the DB scale with the 10-item and two factors (i.e., perceived benefit and perceived barriers). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and invariance test were conducted on the data by using Mplus 8.3. Results: The CFA results based on the hypothesised measurement model of two factors and ten items showed sufficient construct validity after adding residual covariance between items within the same factor: CFI = 0.979, TLI = 0.970, SRMR = 0.036, RMSEA = 0.036 for the Korea sample, and CFI = 0.964, TLI = 0.949, SRMR = 0.055, RMSEA = 0.066 for the Malay sample. For the Korea sample, the construct reliability was 0.62 and 0.74 for perceived benefits and perceived barriers respectively. For the Malay sample, the construct reliability was 0.75 and 0.77 for perceived benefits and perceived barriers respectively. The findings presented evidence for measurement and structural invariance of the DB scale for the Korea and Malaysia samples. Conclusion: The DB scale was a valid and reliable measure for assessing exercise behaviour and for making comparisons between Korean and Malaysian samples. Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea, the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2020S1A5A2A03041894); Fundamental Research Grant Scheme of the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (203.PPSP.6171274).
- Published
- 2021
40. Risk factors for unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with brain abscess in South Korea
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Yae Jee Baek, Joon Sup Yeom, Jun Yong Choi, Su Jin Jeong, Jin Young Ahn, Moo Hyun Kim, Jong Hoon Hyun, Yu Jin Sohn, Yun Suk Cho, Jung Ho Kim, Nam Su Ku, and Young Goo Song
- Subjects
Male ,Multivariate analysis ,Epidemiology ,Organ Dysfunction Scores ,Comorbidity ,Severity of Illness Index ,Mathematical and Statistical Techniques ,Antibiotics ,Risk Factors ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Neurological findings ,Brain Damage ,Multidisciplinary ,Antimicrobials ,Headaches ,Mortality rate ,Medical record ,Statistics ,Age Factors ,Drugs ,Middle Aged ,Treatment Outcome ,Neurology ,Physical Sciences ,Medicine ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Death Rates ,Science ,Brain Abscess ,Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures ,Brain damage ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Gram-Positive Bacteria ,Microbiology ,Signs and Symptoms ,Population Metrics ,Microbial Control ,Internal medicine ,Gram-Negative Bacteria ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Statistical Methods ,Brain abscess ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Pharmacology ,Population Biology ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,Abscesses ,Medical Risk Factors ,Multivariate Analysis ,Clinical Medicine ,business ,Mathematics - Abstract
Background Brain abscess can be life-threatening and manifest various neurological findings, although the mortality rate has decreased recently. We investigated the risk factors for unfavorable outcomes of patients with brain abscess. Methods A retrospective cohort study examined patients with brain abscess seen from May 2005 to December 2018 in a tertiary care hospital in Seoul, South Korea. We reviewed the medical records for clinical findings, therapeutic modalities, and prognostic factors of brain abscess. Unfavorable clinical outcomes were defined as death, moderate to severe disability with neurological deficits, or vegetative state at 1 year or at the time of discharge from outpatient follow-up. Results The study enrolled 135 patients: 65.2% were males; the mean age was 56 years. 35.6% had unfavorable outcomes. In multivariate analysis, higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) (p < 0.001), pre-existing hemiplegia (p = 0.049), and higher Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) (p = 0.028) were independently associated with unfavorable outcomes. Conclusions Higher SOFA, pre-existing hemiplegia and higher Charlson comorbidity index were significant risk factors for unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with brain abscess.
- Published
- 2021
41. Does postoperative quantitative bone scintigraphy reflect outcomes following medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy?
- Author
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Jung Kwon Bae, Chanwoo Kim, Kang Il Kim, Hyun Gon Gwak, and Jun Ho Kim
- Subjects
Cartilage, Articular ,Male ,Knee Joint ,Knees ,Knee Joints ,Osteoarthritis ,Arthroscopy ,Skeletal Joints ,High tibial osteotomy ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,Femur ,Postoperative Period ,Stage (cooking) ,Musculoskeletal System ,Multidisciplinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,Middle Aged ,Osteotomy ,Treatment Outcome ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Connective Tissue ,Legs ,Female ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Science ,Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures ,Musculoskeletal System Procedures ,Rheumatology ,Open wedge ,Humans ,Radionuclide Imaging ,Skeleton ,Tibia ,business.industry ,Arthritis ,Cartilage ,Biology and Life Sciences ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Surgery ,Valgus ,Biological Tissue ,Bone scintigraphy ,Second-Look Surgery ,Body Limbs ,business ,Follow-Up Studies ,Articular Cartilage - Abstract
Purpose The present study evaluated changes in bone tracer uptake (BTU) after medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) and determined whether postoperative BTU correlates with clinical symptoms, radiologic parameters, or cartilage regeneration following MOWHTO. Methods A total of 210 knees underwent MOWHTO for medial compartmental osteoarthritis (OA) were enrolled in this study. Mean follow-up period was 42.7 months. We assessed BTU for the medial compartment of the knee before MOWHTO and at the time of plate removal. Radiologic parameters included Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grade and Hip-Knee-Ankle angle (HKAA). Clinical evaluation included American Knee Society (AKS) score and cartilage status was graded at the time of MOWHTO and second-look arthroscopy according to the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grading system and articular cartilage regeneration stage. Statistical analysis performed to assess the relationships among postoperative BTU of the medial compartment, radiologic parameters, arthroscopic changes and clinical outcomes. Results BTU of medial femoral condyle and tibial plateau were significantly decreased at 2 years after MOWHTO (p Conclusion Lower BMI and postoperative valgus alignment were significant predictor for postoperative BTU decrease of the medial compartment following MOWHTO. However, postoperative changes of BTU did not reflect cartilage regeneration or clinical outcomes until the midterm follow-up.
- Published
- 2021
42. Fabrication of a spherical inclusion phantom for validation of magnetic resonance-based magnetic susceptibility imaging
- Author
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Seung-Kyun Lee, So-Hee Lee, Jung-Hyun Kim, Jinhyoung Park, and Jun-Ho Kim
- Subjects
Polymers ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Diagnostic Radiology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Animal Products ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Materials ,Multidisciplinary ,Phantoms, Imaging ,Radiology and Imaging ,Physics ,Applied Mathematics ,Simulation and Modeling ,Magnetism ,Quantitative susceptibility mapping ,Agriculture ,Oxides ,Equipment Design ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Magnetic field ,Chemistry ,Macromolecules ,Physical Sciences ,Medicine ,Engineering and Technology ,Algorithms ,Research Article ,Materials science ,Imaging Techniques ,Science ,Materials Science ,Phase (waves) ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Imaging phantom ,Spherical geometry ,Iron Oxides ,03 medical and health sciences ,Optics ,Diagnostic Medicine ,Coatings ,Humans ,business.industry ,Surface Treatments ,Chemical Compounds ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Polymer Chemistry ,Magnetic susceptibility ,Surface coating ,Magnetic Fields ,Manufacturing Processes ,Magnet ,Acrylics ,Gelatin ,business ,Preservatives ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Mathematics - Abstract
Fabrication of a spherical multi-compartment MRI phantom is demonstrated that can be used to validate magnetic resonance (MR)-based susceptibility imaging reconstruction. The phantom consists of a 10 cm diameter gelatin sphere that encloses multiple smaller gelatin spheres doped with different concentrations of paramagnetic contrast agents. Compared to previous multi-compartment phantoms with cylindrical geometry, the phantom provides the following benefits: (1) no compartmental barrier materials are used that can introduce signal voids and spurious phase; (2) compartmental geometry is reproducible; (3) spherical susceptibility boundaries possess a ground-truth analytical phase solution for easy experimental validation; (4) spherical geometry of the overall phantom eliminates background phase due to air-phantom boundary in any scan orientation. The susceptibility of individual compartments can be controlled independently by doping. During fabrication, formalin cross-linking and water-proof surface coating effectively blocked water diffusion between the compartments to preserve the phantom's integrity. The spherical shapes were realized by molding the inner gel compartments in acrylic spherical shells, 3 cm in diameter, and constructing the whole phantom inside a larger acrylic shell. From gradient echo images obtained at 3T, we verified that the phantom produced phase images in agreement with the theoretical prediction. Factors that limit the agreement include: air bubbles trapped at the gel interfaces, imperfect magnet shimming, and the susceptibility of external materials such as the phantom support hardware. The phantom images were used to validate publicly available codes for quantitative susceptibility mapping. We believe that the proposed phantom can provide a useful testbed for validation of MR phase imaging and MR-based magnetic susceptibility reconstruction.
- Published
- 2019
43. False-negative errors in next-generation sequencing contribute substantially to inconsistency of mutation databases
- Author
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Hyonchol Jang, Hye Won Sim, Yura Song, Tae Min Kim, Kyeong Man Hong, Young Ho Kim, Young-Woo Kim, Hyung Lae Kim, and Jong Kwang Kim
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Evolutionary Genetics ,Molecular biology ,Gene Identification and Analysis ,Database and Informatics Methods ,0302 clinical medicine ,Sequencing techniques ,Targeted ngs ,Databases, Genetic ,Medicine ,DNA sequencing ,False Negative Reactions ,High rate ,Multidisciplinary ,High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ,Nonsense Mutation ,Genomics ,Genomic Databases ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Mutation (genetic algorithm) ,Sequence Analysis ,Transcriptome Analysis ,Research Article ,Next-Generation Sequencing ,Bioinformatics ,Science ,Sequence Databases ,Computational biology ,Research and Analysis Methods ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mutation database ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,Mutation Detection ,Evolutionary Biology ,business.industry ,Cancer ,Reproducibility of Results ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Computational Biology ,medicine.disease ,Genome Analysis ,030104 developmental biology ,Biological Databases ,Molecular biology techniques ,Mutation ,Mutation Databases ,business - Abstract
BackgroundMore than 11,000 laboratories and companies developed their own next-generation sequencing (NGS) for screening and diagnosis of various diseases including cancer. Although inconsistencies of mutation calls as high as 43% in databases such as GDSC (Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer) and CCLE (Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia) have been reported, not many studies on the reasons for the inconsistencies have been published. Methods: Targeted-NGS analysis of 151 genes in 35 cell lines common to GDSC and CCLE was performed, and the results were compared with those from GDSC and CCLE wherein whole-exome- or highly-multiplex NGS were employed.ResultsIn the comparison, GDSC and CCLE had a high rate (40-45%) of false-negative (FN) errors which would lead to high rate of inconsistent mutation calls, suggesting that highly-multiplex NGS may have high rate of FN errors. We also posited the possibility that targeted NGS, especially for the detection of low-level cancer cells in cancer tissues might suffer significant FN errors.ConclusionFN errors may be the most important errors in NGS testing for cancer; their evaluation in laboratory-developed NGS tests is needed.
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- 2019
44. Opening gap width influences distal tibial rotation below the osteotomy site following open wedge high tibial osteotomy
- Author
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Hoon-Young Kim, Jun-Ho Kim, and Dae-Hee Lee
- Subjects
Male ,Knee Joint ,Medical Doctors ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Knees ,Health Care Providers ,Orthopedic Surgery ,Knee Joints ,Rotation ,Osteotomy ,Diagnostic Radiology ,Tendons ,0302 clinical medicine ,High tibial osteotomy ,Skeletal Joints ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Tibial rotation ,Orthopedic Procedures ,Postoperative Period ,Medical Personnel ,Musculoskeletal System ,Tomography ,Orthodontics ,030222 orthopedics ,Multidisciplinary ,Radiology and Imaging ,Middle Aged ,Osteoarthritis, Knee ,musculoskeletal system ,Professions ,Connective Tissue ,Gap width ,Medicine ,Legs ,Female ,Anatomy ,Tomography, Emission-Computed ,Research Article ,musculoskeletal diseases ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Materials science ,Imaging Techniques ,Science ,Neuroimaging ,Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures ,Research and Analysis Methods ,03 medical and health sciences ,Musculoskeletal System Procedures ,Rheumatology ,Diagnostic Medicine ,Physicians ,Open wedge ,Osteoarthritis ,medicine ,Humans ,Tibia ,Skeleton ,Aged ,Surgeons ,Arthritis ,Biology and Life Sciences ,030229 sport sciences ,Computed Axial Tomography ,Health Care ,Biological Tissue ,Body Limbs ,Orthopedic surgery ,People and Places ,Population Groupings ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Purpose Although rotation of the distal portion of the tibia below the osteotomy site is considered an inevitable change in the axial plane in open wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO), several studies on this issue have shown contradictory results. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to determine the direction and amount of distal tibial rotation following open wedge HTO using a three-dimensional reconstructed model. Methods This study involved 41 patients (42 knees) undergoing open wedge HTO for primary medial osteoarthritis. Distal tibial rotation was measured on the overlaid tibial plateau of a preoperative and postoperative 3-dimensional reconstructed model based on computed tomography. Results The mean distal tibial external rotation was 2.7° ± 2.3° (range, -0.9° to 9.9°), and the opening gap was larger in the group with > 3° distal tibial rotation than in the group with ≤ 3° distal tibial rotation (11.4 mm vs. 9.6 mm, P = 0.027). Multiple regression analysis showed that the opening gap was the only predictor of distal tibial rotation. On receiver operating characteristics analysis, an opening gap of 10 mm was found to be the optimal cutoff value for achieving greater than 3° of distal tibial rotation. Conclusions Following medial opening wedge HTO, the distal tibial portion below the osteotomy site rotated approximately 3° externally. The magnitude of the external rotation of the distal tibia was affected by the opening gap width.
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- 2019
45. ΔNp63 to TAp63 expression ratio as a potential molecular marker for cervical cancer prognosis
- Author
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Geehyuk Kim, Jung Ho Kim, Kwang Hwa Park, Sunyoung Park, Dawn Chung, Suji Lee, Hyeyoung Lee, and Tae Ue Kim
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Carcinogenesis ,Gene Expression ,medicine.disease_cause ,Cervical Cancer ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Transactivation ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gene expression ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Regulation of gene expression ,Cervical cancer ,Multidisciplinary ,Messenger RNA ,Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ,Nucleic acids ,Oncology ,Medical Microbiology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Viral Pathogens ,Viruses ,Medicine ,Pathogens ,Research Article ,Gene isoform ,Papillomaviruses ,Science ,Biology ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Signs and Symptoms ,Extraction techniques ,Diagnostic Medicine ,medicine ,Genetics ,Cancer Detection and Diagnosis ,Microbial Pathogens ,Biology and life sciences ,Organisms ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,Human Papillomavirus ,medicine.disease ,RNA extraction ,Research and analysis methods ,030104 developmental biology ,Cancer research ,Lesions ,RNA ,DNA viruses ,Gynecological Tumors - Abstract
p63 is a transcription factor p53 family. Two major isoforms of p63, TAp63 with transactivation (TA) domain and ΔNp63 with truncated TA domain, have been reported to play opposing roles either in tumor suppression or oncogenic function. Little is known about the association of these two isoforms of p63 in the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer. In this study, the mRNA expression levels of TAp63 and ΔNp63 in 40 normal, 30 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 38 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), and 52 cervical cancer formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were examined using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). We analyzed the association between the ΔNp63 and ΔN/TAp63 mRNA expression ratio and clinicopathological parameters and compared disease-specific survival of each ΔNp63 mRNA expression and ΔN/TAp63 mRNA expression ratio. The ΔN/TAp63 mRNA expression ratio in cervical cancer showed higher sensitivity than the mRNA expression levels of ΔNp63 (52.0% vs 44.2%). The level of ΔN/TAp63 mRNA expression ratio in precancerous LSIL and HSIL was higher than in normal tissues (P = 0.01 and P = 0.003) and lower than in cervical cancer tissues (P = 0.03 and P = 0.02). Besides, the positive ΔN/TAp63 mRNA expression ratio was associated with bulky tumor size and high expression of Ki-67, the proliferation marker, in cervical cancer (P = 0.04 and P = 0.02). The cervical cancer patients with the positive ΔN/TAp63 mRNA expression ratio showed worse survival compared to those who with the negative expression ratio of ΔN/TAp63 (HR = 5.7, 95% CI: 1.6–19.9). In conclusion, the balance of TAp63 and ΔNp63 is closely related to the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer. The ΔN/TAp63 mRNA expression ratio could be useful as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of cervical cancer.
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- 2019
46. The relationship between diverticulosis and colorectal neoplasia: A meta-analysis
- Author
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Won Ho Kim, Jae Hee Cheon, Hyun Jung Kim, Tae Il Kim, Hyun Jung Lee, and Soo Jung Park
- Subjects
Epidemiology ,Colorectal cancer ,Colonoscopy ,Gastroenterology ,Database and Informatics Methods ,Mathematical and Statistical Techniques ,Risk Factors ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,Database Searching ,Multidisciplinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Incidence ,Cancer Risk Factors ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Statistics ,Middle Aged ,Metaanalysis ,Adenomas ,Diverticulosis ,Oncology ,Research Design ,Meta-analysis ,Physical Sciences ,Female ,Anatomy ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,Research Article ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adenoma ,Colon ,Science ,Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Digestive System Procedures ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Statistical Methods ,Aged ,Colorectal Cancer ,business.industry ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Diverticulum ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Medical Risk Factors ,business ,Digestive System ,Mathematics - Abstract
Background/aimsDiverticulosis and colorectal neoplasia share epidemiological trends and risk factors which are common in Western countries and incidences increase with age. However, the data on an association between diverticulosis and colorectal neoplasia are conflicting. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate whether diverticulosis is associated with colorectal neoplasia.MethodsA systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and SCOPUS was conducted to identify studies that investigated the association between diverticulosis and advanced colorectal neoplasia (advanced adenoma, colorectal cancer), adenomas, or polyps. The demographic characteristics of patients, including age, gender, indication for colonoscopy, confounding factors, and outcomes of colorectal neoplasia were assessed.ResultsWe identified 29 cross-sectional studies (N = 450,953) that investigated the association between diverticulosis and colorectal neoplasia. The meta-analysis found that diverticulosis was not associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia (odds ratio [OR] 0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63-1.50). Although there was a positive correlation between diverticulosis and adenomas (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.18-1.84) and diverticulosis and polyps (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.15-3.31), diverticulosis did not increase the risk of adenomas (OR 1.34, 95% CI 0.87-2.06) in patients who underwent screening colonoscopy. Moreover, all the increased risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with diverticulosis was observed in published studies only, and not in unpublished ones.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis demonstrated that diverticulosis is not associated with an increased risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia. Although diverticulosis was associated with a higher risk of polyps and adenomas, the risk was not increased in screening populations. Moreover, the increased risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with diverticulosis was observed only in published studies and not in unpublished ones.
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- 2019
47. Castration-resistant prostate cancer: Androgen receptor inactivation induces telomere DNA damage, and damage response inhibition leads to cell death
- Author
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Evelyn R. Barrack, Asm Iskander, Clara Hwang, Sahn-Ho Kim, Mani Menon, George Divine, Vidyavathi Reddy, and G. Prem Veer Reddy
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Treatment ,Biochemistry ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Small interfering RNAs ,Multidisciplinary ,Cell Death ,Chromosome Biology ,Chemistry ,Prostate Cancer ,Prostate Diseases ,Telomere ,Precipitation Techniques ,Nucleic acids ,Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant ,Telomeres ,Oncology ,Cell Processes ,Receptors, Androgen ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Heterografts ,Medicine ,RNA Interference ,Research Article ,Chromosome Structure and Function ,Programmed cell death ,DNA repair ,DNA damage ,Urology ,Science ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Chromosomes ,03 medical and health sciences ,Stress, Physiological ,Cell Line, Tumor ,LNCaP ,Genetics ,Immunoprecipitation ,Animals ,Humans ,Enzalutamide ,Non-coding RNA ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,Cell Biology ,DNA ,Gene regulation ,Androgen receptor ,Genitourinary Tract Tumors ,Alternative Splicing ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ,Cell culture ,Cancer research ,RNA ,Gene expression - Abstract
Telomere stability is important for cell viability, as cells with telomere DNA damage that is not repaired do not survive. We reported previously that androgen receptor (AR) antagonist induces telomere DNA damage in androgen-sensitive LNCaP prostate cancer cells; this triggers a DNA damage response (DDR) at telomeres that includes activation of ATM, and blocking ATM activation prevents telomere DNA repair and leads to cell death. Remarkably, AR antagonist induces telomere DNA damage and triggers ATM activation at telomeres also in 22Rv1 castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells that are not growth inhibited by AR antagonist. Treatment with AR antagonist enzalutamide (ENZ) or ATM inhibitor (ATMi) by itself had no effect on growth in vitro or in vivo, but combined treatment with ENZ plus ATMi significantly inhibited cell survival in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. By inducing telomere DNA damage and activating a telomere DDR, an opportunity to inhibit DNA repair and promote cell death was created, even in CRPC cells. 22Rv1 cells express both full-length AR and AR splice variant AR-V7, but full-length AR was found to be the predominant form of AR associated with telomeres and required for telomere stability. Although 22Rv1 growth of untreated 22Rv1 cells appears to be driven by AR-V7, it is, ironically, expression of full-length AR that makes them sensitive to growth inhibition by combined treatment with ENZ plus ATMi. Notably, this combined treatment approach to induce telomere DNA damage and inhibit the DDR was effective in inducing cell death also in other CRPC cell lines (LNCaP/AR and C4-2B). Thus, the use of ENZ in combination with a DDR inhibitor, such as ATMi, may be effective in prolonging disease-free survival of patients with AR-positive metastatic CRPC, even those that co-express AR splice variant.
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- 2019
48. A multi-institutional study of bladder-preserving therapy for stage II-IV bladder cancer: A Korean Radiation Oncology Group Study (KROG 14-16)
- Author
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Sang Jun Byun, Kwan Ho Cho, Jinhee Kim, Ki Mun Kang, Jaeho Cho, Won Soon Park, Jin Ho Kim, and Ah Ram Chang
- Subjects
Male ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cancer Treatment ,030232 urology & nephrology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Stage (cooking) ,Aged, 80 and over ,Univariate analysis ,Multidisciplinary ,Pharmaceutics ,Standard treatment ,Chemoradiotherapy ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Bladder Cancer ,Treatment Outcome ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicine ,Female ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,Adult ,Clinical Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bladder ,Urology ,Science ,Urinary Bladder ,Radiation Therapy ,Lymphatic System ,Cystectomy ,Cancer Chemotherapy ,03 medical and health sciences ,Drug Therapy ,Internal medicine ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Humans ,Chemotherapy ,Survival analysis ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Bladder cancer ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,Renal System ,medicine.disease ,Survival Analysis ,Radiation therapy ,Genitourinary Tract Tumors ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,T-stage ,Lymph Nodes ,Clinical Medicine ,business ,Combination Chemotherapy - Abstract
BackgroundAlthough radical cystectomy is a standard treatment in muscle-invasive bladder cancer, bladder preservation therapy including transurethral resection of bladder tumor, radiotherapy, and concurrent chemotherapy has been widely adopted, recently. This retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the survival rates and prognostic factors related to treatment outcomes following bladder-preserving therapy including radiotherapy (RT) in bladder cancer with a curative intent.Materials and methodsWe conducted a multi-institutional retrospective study of 152 patients with stage II-IV bladder cancer treated with curative RT between 2000 and 2010. There were 72 patients in stage II, 49 in stage III, and 31 in stage IV. Ninety-seven patients were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy and fifty-five with RT alone. Radiation was delivered to the pelvis (median 63 Gy), mainly with cisplatin. The median follow-up time was 35.5 months.ResultsSixty-nine patients (45.4%) showed a complete response to RT. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 45.8%, the 5-year cause-specific survival (CSS) rate was 48.9%, and the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 20.8%. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in the following factors according to the survival rates: patient age, initial hemoglobin level, clinical T stage, clinical N stage, clinical stage group, tumor response to RT, hydronephrosis, and concurrent chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis also revealed a significant difference in patient age (p = 0.003 in OS, pConclusionsThe survival rates reported herein are comparable to those from other studies, and tumor response and concurrent chemoradiotherapy were significant prognostic factors for better survival rates. Further randomized studies are needed to elucidate the impact of RT in bladder cancer.
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- 2019
49. Development of three-dimensional articular cartilage construct using silica nano-patterned substrate
- Author
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Bo Ram Song, Ye Ji Choi, Byung Hyune Choi, Hyo-Sop Kim, Sang-Hyug Park, Byoung-Hyun Min, In-Su Park, and Jae Ho Kim
- Subjects
Cartilage, Articular ,Integrins ,Cellular differentiation ,02 engineering and technology ,Cell Communication ,Cell therapy ,Tissue culture ,Animal Cells ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Nanotechnology ,Fetal Stem Cells ,Materials ,Cells, Cultured ,Connective Tissue Cells ,Thin Films ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,Chemistry ,Stem Cells ,Cell Differentiation ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Silicon Dioxide ,Immunohistochemistry ,Extracellular Matrix ,Connective Tissue ,Physical Sciences ,Engineering and Technology ,Medicine ,Biological Cultures ,Stem cell ,Anatomy ,Cellular Types ,Cellular Structures and Organelles ,0210 nano-technology ,Adult stem cell ,Research Article ,Materials science ,Science ,Materials Science ,Research and Analysis Methods ,03 medical and health sciences ,Chondrocytes ,Cell Adhesion ,Humans ,Progenitor cell ,Tissue Cultures ,030304 developmental biology ,Tissue Engineering ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,Spheroid ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Cell Biology ,Chondrogenesis ,Biological Tissue ,Cartilage ,Biophysics ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Nanoparticles ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Current strategies for cartilage cell therapy are mostly based on the use of autologous chondrocytes or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, these cells have limitations of a small number of cells available and of low chondrogenic ability, respectively. Many studies now suggest that fetal stem cells are more plastic than adult stem cells and can therefore more efficiently differentiate into target tissues. This study introduces, efficiency chondrogenic differentiation of fetal cartilage-derived progenitor cells (FCPCs) to adult cells can be achieved using a three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture method based on silica nanopatterning techniques. In evaluating the issue of silica nano-particle size (Diameter of 300, 750, 1200 nm), each particle size was coated into the well of a 6-well tissue culture plate. FCPCs (2 x 105 cells/well in 6-well plate) were seeded in each well with chondrogenic medium. In this studys, the 300 nm substrate that formed multi-spheroids and the 1200 nm substrate that showed spreading were due to the cell-cell adhesion force(via N-cadherin) and cell-substrate(via Integrin) force, the 750 nm substrate that formed the mass-aggregation can be interpreted as the result of cell monolayer formation through cell-substrate force followed by cell-cell contact force contraction. We conclude that our 3D spheroid culture system contributes to an optimization for efficient differentiation of FCPC, offers insight into the mechanism of efficient differentiation of engineered 3D culture system, and has promise for wide applications in regeneration medicine and drug discovery fields.
- Published
- 2019
50. Detection of intravenous infiltration using impedance parameters in patients in a long-term care hospital
- Author
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Eun Joo Lee, Gun Ho Kim, Gye Rok Jeon, Ihn Sook Jeong, Young Jun Hwang, and Jae Hyung Kim
- Subjects
Male ,Cell Membranes ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Impedance parameters ,0302 clinical medicine ,Infusion therapy ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Electric Impedance ,Central Venous Catheters ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Musculoskeletal System ,Routes of Administration ,Forearms ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,Catheter insertion ,Organic Compounds ,Monosaccharides ,Middle Aged ,Hospitalization ,Arms ,Chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Physical Sciences ,Engineering and Technology ,Female ,Cellular Structures and Organelles ,Anatomy ,Bioelectrical impedance analysis ,Infiltration (medical) ,Research Article ,Biotechnology ,Catheters ,Peripheral intravenous ,Science ,Materials Science ,Material Properties ,Carbohydrates ,Capacitance ,Equipment ,Bioengineering ,Catheterization ,03 medical and health sciences ,Intravenous Injections ,Humans ,In patient ,Electrical impedance ,Measurement Equipment ,Aged ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,Organic Chemistry ,Chemical Compounds ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Long-Term Care ,Health Care ,Glucose ,Body Limbs ,Medical Devices and Equipment ,business ,Nuclear medicine - Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the changes of impedance parameters of patients who were admitted to a long-term care hospital by measuring bioelectrical impedance. The subjects were 18 patients who had infusion therapy through peripheral intravenous (IV) catheters and had at least an infiltration. The impedance parameters were measured with a multi-channel impedance measuring instrument (Vector Impedance Meter) twice; at starting IV infusion after catheter insertion and infiltration detected. As results, the resistance (R) after infiltration significantly decreased compared to the initial resistance. At 50 kHz, the resistances were 498.2±79.3 [Ω] before infiltration and 369.4±85.6 [Ω] after infiltration. The magnitude of the reactance (XC) decreased after infiltration. At 50 kHz, the measured reactance was -31.1±8.3 [Ω] before infiltration and -24.5±5.9 [Ω] after infiltration. The data points plotted in the R-XC graph shifted from the first quadrant before infiltration to third quadrant after infiltration. Our findings suggest that bioelectrical impedance is an effective method for detection of infiltration in a noninvasive and quantitative manner.
- Published
- 2019
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