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Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del nivel de oferta de ensilaje de Avena sativa L., variedad Altoandina, en el consumo de materia seca total de la dieta y la productividad de las vacas lactantes en pastoreo en el municipio de Pasto, Colombia. Materiales y Métodos: Se utilizaron 12 vacas F1 (Kiwi cross x Holstein), de 450 kg de peso vivo promedio, en un diseño de sobre cambio. Se establecieron dos tratamientos, que correspondieron a dos niveles de inclusión de ensilaje: 20 (T1) y 35 % (T2) del consumo de materia seca total. Se evaluaron períodos de 12 días, siete de adaptación y cinco de medición. Se estimó el consumo de materia seca, la calidad y la producción de leche, así como los indicadores del perfil metabólico (glucosa, colesterol y nitrógeno ureico en sangre). La información se procesó mediante un análisis de varianza y la prueba de comparación de medias Tukey. Resultados: Hubo efecto significativo (p < 0,05) para las variables consumo de materia seca total del ensilaje (2,8 vs 1,4 kg/MS/vaca/día para 35 y 20 % de inclusión de ensilaje de avena, respectivamente). La producción de leche fue de 14,9 vs 14,3 kg/vaca/día, para 35 y 20 % de inclusión de ensilaje de avena, respectivamente. El nitrógeno ureico en leche y el nitrógeno ureico en sangre resultaron superiores en T1 con respecto a T2 (15,8 y 3,1 vs 14,5 y 2,8, respectivamente). Conclusiones: La introducción en la dieta de ensilaje de A. sativa, variedad Altoandina (20 y 35 %), afectó el consumo de materia seca total. Además, la inclusión de 35 % del ensilaje influyó positivamente en la producción de leche, al aumentar en 4 %.

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar tres cultivares de ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) con vacas lecheras, en el trópico alto de Nariño-Colombia, en dos localidades: Pasto (PAS) y Cumbal (CUM). En cada localidad se utilizaron nueve vacas, en un diseño cuadrado latino (3 x 3) con tres tratamientos (T), correspondientes a cada cultivar a evaluar: T1: ryegrass Columbia, T2: ryegrass Samson, T3: ryegrass Ohau. Se estimó el consumo de materia seca (CMS) y la producción de leche (PL), y se recolectaron muestras para analizar: grasa, proteína, sólidos totales y nitrógeno ureico en leche (MUN). No hubo diferencia estadística en el CMS entre los ryegrass en las localidades. En PAS se hallaron diferencias significativas entre cultivares en la variable producción de leche (p < 0,05); con Samson y Ohau se obtuvo mayor producción (17,5 y 17,1 kg/vaca/día) respecto al Columbia (15,5 kg/vaca/día). En el contenido de grasa y sólidos no grasos en leche, no hubo diferencias entre los tratamientos en ninguna de las dos localidades. En cambio, se encontró diferencia significativa (p < 0,05) en la proteína en leche en PAS (3,48; 3,61 y 3,47 % para Columbia, Samson y Ohau, respectivamente). Para la variable MUN (mg/dL), se observó diferencia significativa (p < 0,05) en la localidad de PAS. Se concluye que los cultivares de L. perenne presentaron características nutricionales similares en las dos localidades donde se establecieron. La respuesta en producción y calidad composicional láctea se consideró buena, teniendo en cuenta que los animales no recibieron suplementación y el experimento se realizó en la época de seca, en la cual los rendimientos de las pasturas disminuyen.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the offer level of silage from Avena sativa L., Altoandina variety, on the total dry matter intake of the diet and the productivity of lactating cows under grazing conditions in the Pasto municipality, Colombia. Materials and Methods: Twelve F1 cows (Kiwi cross x Holstein) were used, of 450 kg of average live weight, in a crossover design. Two treatments were established, which corresponded to two silage inclusion levels: 20 (T1) and 35 % (T2) of the total dry matter intake. Periods of 12 days were evaluated, seven of adaptation and five for measurement. Dry matter intake, milk quality and production, as well as the indicators of the metabolic profile (glucose, cholesterol and blood ureic nitrogen) were estimated. The information was processed through a variance analysis and Tukey's mean comparison test. Results: There was significant effect (p < 0,05) for the variables total dry matter intake of the silage (2,8 vs. 1,4 kg/ DM/cow/day for 35 and 20 % of inclusion of oat silage, respectively). The milk production was 14,9 vs. 14,3 kg/cow/ day, for 35 and 20 % of inclusion of oat silage, respectively. The milk ureic nitrogen and blood ureic nitrogen were higher in T1 with regards to T2 (15,8 and 3,1 vs. 14,5 and 2,8, respectively). Conclusions: The introduction in the diet of silage of A. sativa, Altoandina variety (20 and 35 %), affected the total dry matter intake. In addition, the inclusion of 35 % of the silage influenced positively milk production, increasing by 4 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the offer level of silage from Avena sativa L., Altoandina variety, on the total dry matter intake of the diet and the productivity of lactating cows under grazing conditions in the Pasto municipality, Colombia. Materials and Methods: Twelve F1 cows (Kiwi cross x Holstein) were used, of 450 kg of average live weight, in a crossover design. Two treatments were established, which corresponded to two silage inclusion levels: 20 (T1) and 35 % (T2) of the total dry matter intake. Periods of 12 days were evaluated, seven of adaptation and five for measurement. Dry matter intake, milk quality and production, as well as the indicators of the metabolic profile (glucose, cholesterol and blood ureic nitrogen) were estimated. The information was processed through a variance analysis and Tukey's mean comparison test. Results: There was significant effect (p < 0,05) for the variables total dry matter intake of the silage (2,8 vs. 1,4 kg/ DM/cow/day for 35 and 20 % of inclusion of oat silage, respectively). The milk production was 14,9 vs. 14,3 kg/cow/ day, for 35 and 20 % of inclusion of oat silage, respectively. The milk ureic nitrogen and blood ureic nitrogen were higher in T1 with regards to T2 (15,8 and 3,1 vs. 14,5 and 2,8, respectively). Conclusions: The introduction in the diet of silage of A. sativa, Altoandina variety (20 and 35 %), affected the total dry matter intake. In addition, the inclusion of 35 % of the silage influenced positively milk production, increasing by 4 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the study was to evaluate three ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars with dairy cows, in the high tropic of Nariño-Colombia, in two localities: Pasto (PAS) and Cumbal (CUM). In each locality nine cows were used, in a Latin square design (3 x 3) with three treatments (T), corresponding to each cultivar to be evaluated: T1: ryegrass Columbia, T2: ryegrass Samson, T3: ryegrass Ohau. The dry matter intake (DMI) and milk production (MP) were estimated, and samples were collected to analyze: fat, protein, total solids and milk ureic nitrogen (MUN). There was no statistical difference in the DMI among the ryegrasses in the localities. In PAS significant differences were found among cultivars in the variable milk production (p < 0,05); with Samson and Ohau higher production was obtained (17,5 and 17,1 kg/cow/day) with regards to Columbia (15,5 kg/cow/day). In the content of fat and non-fatty solids in the milk, there were no differences among the treatments in any of the two localities. However, significant difference (p < 0,05) was found in the milk protein in PAS (3,48; 3,61 and 3,47 % for Columbia, Samson and Ohau, respectively). For the variable MUN (mg/dL), significant difference (p < 0,05) was observed in the PAS locality. It is concluded that L. perenne showed similar nutritional characteristics in the two localities where they were established. The response in milk production and compositional quality was considered good, taking into consideration that the animals did not receive supplementation and the trial was conducted in the dry season, in which the pasture yields decrease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]