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// Yao-Shun Liu 1, 2, 3, 4, * , Jian-Gang Chen 1, 6, * , Ting Mei 1, 2, 3 , Yu-Xin Guo 2, 3 , Hao-Tian Meng 2, 3 , Jian-Fei Li 5 , Yuan-Yuan Wei 2, 3 , Xiao-Ye Jin 2, 3 , Bo-Feng Zhu 2, 3, 4, ** and Li-Ping Zhang 1, ** 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medicine College of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P. R. China 2 Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P. R. China 3 Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710004, P. R. China 4 Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P. R. China 5 School of Marxism, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China 6 Science and Technology Institute, Xinjiang Public Security Department, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830006, P.R. China * The first two authors were equal to this article ** These authors have contributed equally to this work and were co-corresponding authors Correspondance to: Li-Ping Zhang, email: zhangliping806@163.com Keywords: genetic polymorphisms, Southern Shaanxi Han population, forensic characteristic analysis, autosomal STR, Y-STR Received: April 15, 2017 Accepted: June 05, 2017 Published: July 18, 2017 ABSTRACT We analyzed the genetic polymorphisms of 15 autosomal and 10 Y-chromosomal STR loci in 214 individuals of Han population from Southern Shaanxi of China and studied the genetic relationships between Southern Shaanxi Han and other populations. We observed a total of 150 alleles at 15 autosomal STR loci with the corresponding allelic frequencies ranging from 0.0023 to 0.5210, and the combined power of discrimination and exclusion for the 15 autosomal STR loci were 0.99999999999999998866 and 0.999998491, respectively. For the 10 Y-STR loci, totally 100 different haplotypes were obtained, of which 94 were unique. The discriminatory capacity and haplotype diversity values of the 10 Y-STR loci were 0.9259 and 0.998269, respectively. The results demonstrated high genetic diversities of the 25 STR loci in the population for forensic applications. We constructed neighbor-joining tree and conducted principal component analysis based on 15 autosomal STR loci and conducted multidimensional scaling analysis and constructed neighbor-joining tree based on 10 Y-STR loci. The results of population genetic analyses based on both autosomal and Y-chromosome STRs indicated that the studied Southern Shaanxi Han population had relatively closer genetic relationship with Eastern Han population, and distant relationships with Croatian, Serbian and Moroccan populations.

// Chun-Hua Yang 1, 2, 3, * , Cai-Yong Yin 4, * , Chun-Mei Shen 3, 5 , Yu-Xin Guo 1, 2 , Qian Dong 1, 2 , Jiang-Wei Yan 6 , Hong-Dan Wang 7 , Yu-Dang Zhang 8 , Hao-Tian Meng 1, 2 , Rui Jin 9 , Feng Chen 4, ** and Bo-Feng Zhu 1, 2, 3, ** 1 Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China 2 Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China 3 Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China 4 Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China 5 Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China 6 Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China 7 Medical Genetic Institute of Henan Province, People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China 8 Institue of Forensic Sciences of Anhui Public Security Department, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China 9 Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China * Co-first authors ** These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Bo-Feng Zhu, email: zhubofeng7372@126.com Keywords: Indel, Bai group, phylogenetic analysis, population genetics Received: January 09, 2017 Accepted: February 17, 2017 Published: April 17, 2017 ABSTRACT Thirty insertion/deletion loci were utilized to study the genetic diversities of 125 bloodstain samples collected from Bai group in Yunnan Dali region, China. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity of the 30 loci ranged from 0.1520 to 0.5680, and 0.1927 to 0.4997, respectively. No deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium tests after Bonferroni correction were found at all 30 loci in Bai group. The cumulative probability of exclusion and combined discrimination power were 0.9859 and 0.9999999999887, respectively, which indicated the 30 loci could be used as complementary genetic markers for paternity testing and were qualified for personal identification in forensic cases. We found the studied Bai group had close relationships with Tibetan, Yi and Han groups from China by the population structure, principal component analysis, population differentiations, and phylogenetic reconstruction studies. Even so, for a better understanding of Bai ethnicity’s genetic milieu, DNA genotyping at various genetic markers is necessary in future studies.

// Xiaoye Jin 1, 2, 3, * , Yuanyuan Wei 1, 2 , Jiangang Chen 4 , Tingting Kong 1, 2 , Yuling Mu 1, 2, 3 , Yuxin Guo 1, 2, 3 , Qian Dong 1, 2, 3 , Tong Xie 5 , Haotian Meng 1, 2 , Meng Zhang 6 , Jianfei Li 7 , Xiaopeng Li 8 and Bofeng Zhu 1, 2, 5, * 1 Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, PR China 2 Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, PR China 3 College of Medicine and Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, PR China 4 Department of Biochemistry, Preclinical Medicine College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, PR China 5 Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China 6 Department of Orthopaedics, Ankang City Central Hospital, Ankang, 725000, Shaanxi, PR China 7 Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, PR China 8 Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, PR China * These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Xiaopeng Li, email: lixpxjtu@163.com Keywords: short tandem repeats (STRs), inter-population differentiation, Uyghur ethnic group, phylogenic analysis, PCA Received: March 28, 2017 Accepted: May 06, 2017 Published: May 18, 2017 ABSTRACT We investigated the allelic frequencies and forensic descriptive parameters of 23 autosomal short tandem repeat loci in a randomly selected sample of 1218 unrelated healthy Uyghur individuals residing in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, northwest China. A total of 281 alleles at these loci were identified and their corresponding allelic frequencies ranged from 0.0004 to 0.5390. The combined match probability and combined probability of exclusion of all loci were 5.192 × 10 –29 and 0.9999999996594, respectively. The results of population genetic study manifested that Uyghur had close relationships with those contiguous populations, such as Xibe and Hui groups. In a word, these autosomal short tandem repeat loci were highly informative in Uyghur group and the multiplex PCR system could be used as a valuable tool for forensic caseworks and population genetic analysis.