Genetic variation and forensic efficiency of autosomal insertion/deletion polymorphisms in Chinese Bai ethnic group: phylogenetic analysis to other populations

// Chun-Hua Yang 1, 2, 3, * , Cai-Yong Yin 4, * , Chun-Mei Shen 3, 5 , Yu-Xin Guo 1, 2 , Qian Dong 1, 2 , Jiang-Wei Yan 6 , Hong-Dan Wang 7 , Yu-Dang Zhang 8 , Hao-Tian Meng 1, 2 , Rui Jin 9 , Feng Chen 4, ** and Bo-Feng Zhu 1, 2, 3, ** 1 Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China 2 Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China 3 Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China 4 Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China 5 Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China 6 Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China 7 Medical Genetic Institute of Henan Province, People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China 8 Institue of Forensic Sciences of Anhui Public Security Department, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China 9 Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China * Co-first authors ** These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Bo-Feng Zhu, email: zhubofeng7372@126.com Keywords: Indel, Bai group, phylogenetic analysis, population genetics Received: January 09, 2017 Accepted: February 17, 2017 Published: April 17, 2017 ABSTRACT Thirty insertion/deletion loci were utilized to study the genetic diversities of 125 bloodstain samples collected from Bai group in Yunnan Dali region, China. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity of the 30 loci ranged from 0.1520 to 0.5680, and 0.1927 to 0.4997, respectively. No deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium tests after Bonferroni correction were found at all 30 loci in Bai group. The cumulative probability of exclusion and combined discrimination power were 0.9859 and 0.9999999999887, respectively, which indicated the 30 loci could be used as complementary genetic markers for paternity testing and were qualified for personal identification in forensic cases. We found the studied Bai group had close relationships with Tibetan, Yi and Han groups from China by the population structure, principal component analysis, population differentiations, and phylogenetic reconstruction studies. Even so, for a better understanding of Bai ethnicity’s genetic milieu, DNA genotyping at various genetic markers is necessary in future studies.