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This document is a collection of letters from readers published in the New Scientist. The letters cover a range of topics, including the concept of time as a quantum illusion, the benefits of using wood in buildings, the limitations of direct air capture for addressing climate change, the relationship between time dilation and entanglement in the quantum realm, the potential dangers of consuming potassium chloride in salt, the possibility of thinking without language, the nature of consciousness and its relationship to causal power, and the potential need for Dyson spheres for advanced civilizations. The letters provide diverse perspectives on these subjects and offer insights into various scientific and philosophical discussions. [Extracted from the article]

TIME seems to have ticked more slowly when the universe was young, according to observations of ancient astronomical objects that appear to evolve at a fifth of the rate we [...]

This article discusses the nature of black holes and the different perspectives surrounding them. It explains that black holes are demarcated by an event horizon, beyond which nothing can escape, not even light. The article also explores the effects of gravity on time, known as gravitational time dilation, and how it impacts our perception of objects crossing the event horizon. Additionally, it mentions that black holes can exist without matter and discusses the potential insights that studying the quantum nature of black holes could provide. Overall, the article provides a scientific perspective on black holes and encourages further research in this field. [Extracted from the article]

AN INTERVIEW WITH PHYSICIST JUN YE ON ATOMIC CLOCKS, TIME DILATION AND TESTING THE LIMITS OF RELATIVITY [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Editor's pick Caution required when tinkering with plant diet 8 July, p 17 From Matthew Stevens, Sydney, Australia While the gradual shift to a more sustainable, plant-based diet globally is a good thing, I feel some concern at the news that UK company Moolec has created soya beans with 25 per cent pig protein. In this view, a sufficiently complex brain is necessary, but not sufficient, for consciousness to arise, and if that is so, we need have no worries about even much larger lab-grown brains that need constant supervision to stay alive. Grounds to say lab-grown brains aren't conscious Letters, 24 June From James Whalley, Hinchinbrooke, Quebec, Canada Eric Kvaalen says that if consciousness arises out of brains, we should stop experiments on lab-grown organoids. [Extracted from the article]

Even if these effects make it impossible for ring wormholes to exist, their relative simplicity compared with regular wormholes means studying them could help us understand these quantum wrinkles better, or why time travel seems to be off-limits in our universe, says Wiseman. WORMHOLES are often thought of as tunnels through space-time with black holes for entrances, but they could theoretically be flat instead, like a door into another location, another universe or the past. [Extracted from the article]

News News & Technology Physics WORMHOLES are often thought of as tunnels throughspace-time with black holes for entrances, but they couldtheoretically be flat instead, like a door into another location,another universe or the past. These "ring wormholes" would be made up of a string ofexotic matter with negative energy -- a property that ispossible due to quantum effects, but only, as far as we know,in extremely small amounts. [Extracted from the article]

In theory, this age makes quasars suitable for probing time dilation in the early universe, but their unpredictable nature makes that difficult, unlike with supernovae. News TIME seems to have ticked more slowly when the universe was young, according to observations of ancient astronomical objects that appear to evolve at a fifth of the rate we see today. That is exactly what Lewis and Brewer did by analysing the data of 190 quasars. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the speed at which time moves in distant quasars. According to the author, the big bang theory predicts that time would appear to slow down at greater distances from Earth. Topics include an overview of the expansion of space, an explanation of what quasars are, and why there is a lack of time dilation in quasars. Also discussed are various scientific theories as to why quasars lack time dilution, such as an incorrect calculation of their distances.

The article discusses a joint paper published in the journal "Classical and Quantum Gravity" from the film "Interstellar"'s special effects team and scientific consultant Kip Thorne, on the team's decisions to modify real-life models of a black hole deemed to complex for audiences to understand. Topics include the visual effects studio Double Negative and director Christopher Nolan; and elements such as the black hole's accretion disk, spin, color scheme, time dilation, and Doppler shift.

This article discusses the concept of time and the mystery of why it always moves forward. The author explores the idea of time dilation in special and general relativity, where time flows at different rates for different observers. The presence of a gravitational field also affects the flow of time. However, despite these variations, time still flows in one direction for every observer. The article also mentions the complications that quantum mechanics introduces to our understanding of time, including the phenomenon of entanglement and the emergence of the second law of thermodynamics. Some scientists believe that the evolution of entropy may hold the key to understanding the arrow of time, while others argue that complexity plays a role. Ultimately, the article acknowledges that the mystery of time continues to inspire creative thinking. [Extracted from the article]

Comments on general relativity and time dilatation.

Presents a theory on the origin of the astronomical phenomenon called x-ray transients. Explosion of star considered as original inhabitants of the universe; Travel of light across great distance; Citation of time dilation as reason for perceived longer wavelength of light.

The article discusses a report published in "Science" by researcher Andrew Ludlow and team on the development of a precise atomic clock using energy state transitions of ytterbium atoms cooled by various colors of lasers. The device could be used to define the second at an extremely small scale or detect time dilations which suggest violations of the law of general relativity.

Given that soap operas tend to run on what we might colloquially call "sketchy" notions of the flow of time, maybe avid soap viewers are well-primed to understand fundamental concepts inherent to special relativity and general relativity. " Maybe soap viewers are well-primed to understand concepts inherent to special relativity and general relativity" Chanda Prescod-Weinstein is an associate professor of physics and astronomy, and a core faculty member in women's studies at the University of New Hampshire. Views Columnist I AM not sure I am supposed to confess to this in public, but I am an avid watcher of the British soap opera Emmerdale. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses that networked atomic clocks still follow the theory of Einstein's theory of relativity. The theory established that the laws of physics will remain the same for any two observers which are moving at a constant speed and are relative to each other. This symmetry is also called as Lorentz invariance. Dr. Pacome Delva and his team at the Paris Observatory have used strontium clocks to test time dilation between the cities of London, Paris, and Braunschweig.

NASA is working to establish a time zone for the moon to aid in lunar exploration. Time on the moon has been calculated to tick 57 millionths of a second faster than on Earth due to the moon's lower gravity. This difference in time could be crucial for navigation and landing on the moon. NASA has been tasked with creating a Coordinated Lunar Time by the end of 2026, and they have already calculated the flow of time on the moon's surface. The establishment of a lunar time zone will involve collaboration with international organizations and individual countries interested in lunar exploration. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on calculations by Igor Pikovski and colleagues that suggest the gravitational field of the Earth results in large systems to lose their quantum nature. It states that one of physicist Albert Einstein's predictions is that gravity slows down time and reports the calculations show molecules placed in superposition would exhibit time differences caused by tiny differences in gravitational field strength. It comments on decoherence of molecules placed in superposition.

This document is a compilation of letters from readers that were published in New Scientist. The letters cover a range of topics, including the use of beeping shoes to improve walking ability in people with Parkinson's disease, suggestions for improving sperm count and quality, the potential use of fish waste as fertilizer, the debate over supersonic airliners and their impact on the environment, skepticism towards the quantum theory of consciousness, alternative explanations for archaeological observations, and the challenges of measuring black holes. The letters offer diverse perspectives and insights on these subjects. [Extracted from the article]

The article describes the special theory of relativity. Although it was U.S. physicist Albert Einstein who developed the special theory of relativity at the beginning of the 20th century, the principle of relativity on which that theory is based goes back a further two centuries, to the time of mathematician Isaac Newton. That principle holds that the same laws of physics apply for all observers moving in straight lines at constant speeds relative to one another. Such individuals are known as inertial observers. Einstein's insight, which led to a new way of looking at the Universe, lay in applying the principle of relativity to the behavior of light. INSETS: The Michelson-Morley experiment;How time dilation delays decay.

The article focuses on the approach of the physicists regarding the calculation of centre of Earth which is two-and-a-half years younger than its surface with the impact of general relativity on the Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites.

The article discusses the potential that extrasolar planets orbiting black holes can sustain extraterrestrial life, referencing a study co-authored by scientist Tomáš Opatrný published on the web site arxiv.org/abs/1601.02897. The role that the temperature difference between cosmic background radiation (CMB) and the cold temperature emitted from a black hole plays in the ability to sustain life on planets orbiting black holes is discussed.

Precision measurements of a misbehaving particle might be on the cusp of revealing unknown physics, Alex Keshavarzi tells New Scientist [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How your brain creates the fourth dimension. By Daniel Cossins [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the string theory and multiverse theory. It states that the string theory is viewed by its supporters as the best method for unifying quantum mechanics and general relativity. It notes that the multiverse theory addresses the question on why the universe is fine-tuned for life by proposing that is one of different types of universe. It mentions that the theories failed to create predictions that can be tested anytime.

The article focuses on research speculating that fast radio bursts (FRB) are caused when black holes explode into white holes as a result of quantum gravity. It states theoretical physicist Carlo Rovelli theorized a unified theory called loop quantum gravity which proposes interlocking loops comprise space-time and would prevent the creation of a singularity within a black hole. It mentions speculation that primordial black holes explode in the same wavelength as that with FRB, with older FRB having shorter wavelengths than newer ones.

The article explores why quantum reality is so different from everyday experiences. Topics include the struggle of physicists to meld their late colleague Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity of gravity with quantum theory, a brief overview of a key feature of quantum reality, known as superposition, and gravity's role in it, and the concept of decoherence, which describes the falling apart of a phenomenon that allows atoms to split their existence when fired at an interferometer, but apparently when no one is measuring which slit the atoms pass through.

The author discusses the proposal of a second time dimension by astrophysicist Marcus Chown. He mentions that Chown has given no indication of how this might work. The author discusses the workings of quantum computers in multiple time dimensions in which one calculation can occur at the same time as another, but before it.

A letter to the editor is presented in response to an article about quantum theory and gravity in the March 18, 2006 issue.

This section offers news briefs related to science as of November 7, 2020. Topics discussed include the research conducted by Frédéric Bouquet and colleagues which focused on the use of a smartphone to measure the height of a building, the censorship of language with a sexual nature by a computer software, and the free tote bag being offered on the shop of "New Scientist" journal.

In this article the author discusses how the existence of numerous black holes in the universe may help explain dark matter. An in-depth discussion regarding research by astronomer Mike Hawkins at the Royal Observatory in Edinburgh, Scotland who hypothesizes that dark matter is actually legions of black holes created shortly after the big bang is presented.

The article presents four string theory approaches including causal dynamical triangulations (CDT), quantum einstein gravity, quantum graphity, and internal relativity. Among the string theories, CDT is the most advanced. On the other hand, Martin Reuter, physicists, developed the quantum Einstein gravity theory. Lastly, Fotini Markopoulo of the Perimeter Institute developed a model which he calls the quantum graphity.

Such worlds would be huge and there could be millions of them [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents questions and answers on topics including speed of the solar system, the cosmic microwave radiation, and menthol inhaling.

The article offers answers to a question about how to measure possible changes in the speed of light in relation to astronomical processes, the speed of time, and numerical values.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including one on waste heat recovery by Chelsea Wald in the April 13, 2013 issue, one on extraterrestrial intelligence in the April 6, 2013 issue, and one on the 2013 measles outbreak in south Wales in the April 20, 2013 issue.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles from previous issues, including an article by Michael Brooks about the future of human civilization from the March 3, 2012 issue, an article predicting changes to language by David Robson in the March 3, 2012 issue, and an article by Michael Franklin about precognition from the January 14, 2012 issue.

Presents letters to the editor on topics related to the field of science and technology, published in September 13, 2003 issue of the journal "New Scientist."

Presents letters to the editor on topics related to science and technology, published in the August 16, 2003 issue of 'New Scientist.'

The article looks at quantum physics, focusing on the effort of physicist Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano and colleagues to develop a theoretical approach that can link the characteristics of quantum phenomena to physical principles drawn from information processing. Topics include uncertainty in quantum mechanics, the field of quantum information theory, and the second law of thermodynamics concerning entropy.

The article presents questions and answers related to science including how the affect of microgravity on aging, why shoelaces with a circular cross section come undone more easily than those with a flatter cross section, and the impact of music on bat echolocation.