1. Rise and fall of elastic fibers from development to aging. Consequences on arterial structure-function and therapeutical perspectives
- Author
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Anne Briançon-Marjollet, Olfa Harki, Quentin Boëté, Marie-Paule Jacob, Wassim Fhayli, Gilles Faury, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Hypoxie : Physiopathologie Respiratoire et Cardiovasculaire (HP2 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire de Recherche Vasculaire Translationnelle (LVTS (UMR_S_1148 / U1148)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Briançon-Marjollet, Anne, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Aging ,[SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO] ,Hemodynamics ,Elastic fiber assembly ,[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,[SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO] ,Animals ,Humans ,[SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology ,Molecular Biology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,biology ,Chemistry ,Blood flow ,Arteriosclerosis ,Arteries ,medicine.disease ,[SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,Elastin ,Extracellular Matrix ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,biology.protein ,Cardiology ,Minoxidil ,Stress, Mechanical ,Perfusion ,Elastic fiber ,Calcification - Abstract
In the arteries of vertebrates, evolution has given rise to resilient macromolecular structures, elastin and elastic fibers, capable of sustaining an elevated blood pressure and smoothening the discontinuous blood flow and pressure generated by the heart. Elastic fibers are produced only during development and childhood, before being progressively degraded by mechanical stress and enzymatic activities during adulthood and aging. During this period, arterial elastic fiber calcification and loading of lipids also occur, all of these events conducting to arteriosclerosis. This leads to a progressive dysfunction of the large elastic arteries inducing elevated blood pressure as well as altered hemodynamics and organ perfusion, which induce more global malfunctions of the body during normal aging. Additionally, some arterial conditions occur more frequently with advancing age, such as atherosclerosis or aneurysms, which are called age-related diseases or pathological aging. The physiological or pathological degradation of elastic fibers and function of elastic arteries seemed to be rather inevitable over time. However, during the recent years, different molecules - including several ATP-dependent potassium channel openers, such as minoxidil - have been shown to re-induce elastin production and elastic fiber assembly, leading to improvements in the arterial structure and function or in organ perfusion. This review summarizes the changes in the arterial elastic fibers and structure from development until aging, and presents some of the potential pharmacotherapies leading to elastic fiber neosynthesis and arterial function improvement.
- Published
- 2019