1. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Moderate-to-Severe Hepatic Steatosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: The Copenhagen Co-morbidity Liver Study.
- Author
-
Kirkegaard-Klitbo DM, Fuchs A, Stender S, Sigvardsen PE, Kühl JT, Kofoed KF, Køber L, Nordestgaard BG, Bendtsen F, Mocroft A, Lundgren J, Nielsen SD, and Benfield T
- Subjects
- Alanine Transaminase blood, Body Mass Index, Comorbidity, Denmark epidemiology, Female, HIV Infections drug therapy, Humans, Integrase Inhibitors adverse effects, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Fatty Liver epidemiology, HIV Infections epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: People with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) may be at risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. We compared the prevalence of moderate-to-severe hepatic steatosis (M-HS) in PWH with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-uninfected controls and determined risk factors for M-HS in PWH., Methods: The Copenhagen Co-Morbidity in HIV Infection study included 453 participants, and the Copenhagen General Population Study included 765 participants. None had prior or current viral hepatitis or excessive alcohol intake. Moderate-to-severe hepatic steatosis was assessed by unenhanced computed tomography liver scan defined by liver attenuation ≤48 Hounsfield units. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were computed by adjusted logistic regression., Results: The prevalence of M-HS was lower in PWH compared with uninfected controls (8.6% vs 14.2%, P < .01). In multivariable analyses, HIV (aOR, 0.44; P < .01), female sex (aOR, 0.08; P = .03), physical activity level (aOR, 0.09; very active vs inactive; P < .01), and alcohol (aOR, 0.89 per unit/week; P = .02) were protective factors, whereas body mass index (BMI) (aOR, 1.58 per 1 kg/m2; P < .01), alanine transaminase (ALT) (aOR, 1.76 per 10 U/L; P < .01), and exposure to integrase inhibitors (aOR, 1.28 per year; P = .02) were associated with higher odds of M-HS., Conclusions: Moderate-to-severe hepatic steatosis is less common in PWH compared with demographically comparable uninfected controls. Besides BMI and ALT, integrase inhibitor exposure was associated with higher prevalence of steatosis in PWH., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF