1. Detection of Acrylamide in Foodstuffs by Nanobody-Based Immunoassays
- Author
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Liang, Yifan, Zeng, Yuyao, Luo, Lin, Xu, Zhenlin, Shen, Yudong, Wang, Hong, and Hammock, Bruce D
- Subjects
Analytical Chemistry ,Chemical Sciences ,Acrylamide ,Chromatography ,Liquid ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Food Contamination ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,acrylamide ,nanobody ,ELISA ,electrochemical immunoassay ,Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences ,Engineering ,Food Science ,Agricultural ,veterinary and food sciences ,Chemical sciences - Abstract
Acrylamide is toxic aliphatic amide formed via the Maillard reaction between asparagine and reducing sugars during thermal processing of food. Herein, a specific nanobody termed Nb-7E against the acrylamide derivative xanthyl acrylamide (XAA) was isolated from an immunized phage display library and confirmed to be able to detect acrylamide. First, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) was established for acrylamide with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.089 μg/mL and working range from 0.23 to 5.6 μg/mL. Furthermore, an enhanced electrochemical immunoassay (ECIA) was developed based on the optimized reaction conditions. The LOD was as low as 0.033 μg/mL, threefold improved compared to that of ic-ELISA, and a wider linear detection range from 0.39 to 50.0 μg/mL was achieved. The average recoveries ranged from 88.29 to 111.76% in spiked baked biscuits and potato crisps. Finally, the analytical performance of the ECIA was validated by standard ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).
- Published
- 2022