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It was the end of 2008, October, right before the holiday shopping season. Talk-show host Oprah Winfrey released her highly anticipated Favorite Things list, with the Amazon Kindle topping the gadget category. • This is the moment that the concept of electronic paper, or e-paper, went mainstream. • But this black-and-white, reflective display that always appeared to be on was invented well before the Amazon Kindle made it famous. Its story began a decade earlier, in 1997, at the MIT Media Lab, when it was created by two students, J.D. Albert and Barrett Comiskey, who were inspired by their professor Joseph Jacobson. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bad things happen when demand outstrips supply. We learned that lesson too well at the start of the pandemic, when demand for toilet paper, disinfecting wipes, masks, and ventilators outstripped the available supply. Today, chip shortages continue to disrupt the consumer electronics, automobile, and other sectors. Clearly, balancing the supply and demand of goods is critical for a stable, normal, functional society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As I read the newest papers about DNA-based computing, I had to confront a rather unpleasant truth. Despite being a geneticist who also majored in computer science, I was struggling to bridge two concepts—the universal Turing machine, the very essence of computing, and the von Neumann architecture, the basis of most modern CPUs. I had written C++ code to emulate the machine described in Turing's 1936 paper, and could use it to decide, say, if a word was a palindrome. But I couldn't see how such a machine—with its one-dimensional tape memory and ability to look at only one symbol on that tape at a time-could behave like a billion-transistor processor with hardware features such as an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), program counter, and instruction register.

Deep learning is now being used to translate between languages, predict how proteins fold, analyze medical scans, and play games as complex as Go, to name just a few applications of a technique that is now becoming pervasive. Success in those and other realms has brought this machine-learning technique from obscurity in the early 2000s to dominance today. • Although deep learning's rise to fame is relatively recent, its origins are not. In 1958, back when mainframe computers filled rooms and ran on vacuum tubes, knowledge of the interconnections between neurons in the brain inspired Frank Rosenblatt at Cornell to design the first artificial neural network, which he presciently described as a “pattern-recognizing device.” But Rosenblatt's ambitions outpaced the capabilities of his era—and he knew it. Even his inaugural paper was forced to acknowledge the voracious appetite of neural networks for computational power, bemoaning that “as the number of connections in the network increases…the burden on a conventional digital computer soon becomes excessive.” • Fortunately for such artificial neural networks—later rechristened “deep learning” when they included extra layers of neurons—decades of Moore's Law and other improvements in computer hardware yielded a roughly 10-million-fold increase in the number of computations that a computer could do in a second. So when researchers returned to deep learning in the late 2000s, they wielded tools equal to the challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information related to the functionality of robotic actuators, and mention the paper on "Harnessing Cascading Dominoes for Peristaltic Wave Motion" by Yichao Shi, Zhimin Jiang, and Pikul published in IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters.

It's Tuesday night. In front of your house sits a large blue bin, full of newspaper, cardboard, bottles, cans, foil take-out trays, and empty yogurt containers. You may feel virtuous, thinking you're doing your part to reduce waste. But after you rinse out that yogurt container and toss it into the bin, you probably don't think much about it ever again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents that the artificial intelligence research lab OpenAI revealed DALL-E 2. It describe how DALL-E 2 works which create images or arts from text description, its strength and its weakness including struggles to place comprehensible text in its image, drawback in understanding the scientific concepts, and DALL-E 2 is considered a multimodal artificial intelligence system.

The global semiconductor shortage has made life tough for anyone using microcontrollers, with lead times now sometimes quoted in years. But there has been one bright spot: the US $4 Pi Pico, a micro-controller based on the new RP2040 chip. Not only does the RP2040 have lots of compute power, it hasn't suffered the kind of shortages afflicting other chips. So when I decided to build a cheap DIY scintillating gamma spectrometer, it was the natural choice—although I didn't realize I'd find myself navigating around teething problems of the sort that often affect a first-generation integrated circuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1960, Science published a paper by Heinz von Foerster predicting that on Friday, 13 November 2026, the “human population will approach infinity if it grows as it has grown in the last two millennia.” Just a few years after this preposterous doomsday alarm, the annual growth of global population peaked at about 2.1 percent and immediately began to decline. By 2020 the growth rate stood at just a bit more than 1 percent, the result of the steadily declining total fertility rate (TFR), the number of children born to a woman during her reproductive period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Drones have revolutionized how scientiots conduct environmental and biological studies, sending back pictures and other information from areas whose climate, terrain, or indigenous wildlife make in-person treks hazardous. Now, researchers at the University of Washington and Universite Grenoble Alpes have improved an alternative tool for surveying large, remote areas: swarms of miniature wireless robots called microfliers. These tiny paper gliders, designed to change shape in midair as they descend from their drop-off point, previously depended on batteries to power their onboard actuators. But the American and French collaborators have demonstrated a batteryless glider whose actuator runs on energy collected by a solar panel on its top surface. Because the changes in shape allow a measure of control over a microflier's landing spot, researchers can count on the supercheap sensor nodes being dispersed evenly across the area to be surveilled.

Consumer technology is often a story of revolutionary leaps followed by a descent into familiarity. The first computers advanced so quickly that new models went obsolete while they were still on store shelves. Today, any US $500 laptop will be relevant for a decade. A similar story can be told of smartphones, TVs, even cars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses about Kim Choong-Ki an emeritus professor at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology. Topics discussed include that he was the first professor in South Korea to systematically teach semiconductor engineering, mentions that by the beginning of 21st century, South Korea had become a dominant power in the global semiconductor market and he studies at Seoul National University and then at Columbia University, in New York City, where he earned his doctorate.

On 4 September 2018, someone known only as Rabono bought an angry cartoon cat named Dragon for 600 ethers—an amount of Ethereum cryptocurrency worth about US $170,000 at the time, or $745,000 at the cryptocurrency's value in July 2022. • It was by far the highest-priced transaction yet for a nonfungible token (NFT), the then-new concept of a unique digital asset. And it was a headline-grabbing opportunity for CryptoKitties, the world's first blockchain gaming hit. But the sky-high cost of the transaction obscured a more difficult truth: CryptoKitties was dying, and it had been for some time. • Dragon was never resold—a strange fate for one of the most historically relevant NFTs ever. Newer NFTs such as “The Merge,” a piece of digital art that sold for the equivalent of $92 million, left Dragon behind as the NFT market surged to record sales, totaling roughly $18 billion in 2021. Has the world simply moved on to newer blockchain projects? Or is this the fate that awaits all NFTs? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses about the robotic surgery industry. It mentions the features of the da Vinci Surgical system, robotic skill development model and challenges related to this model. It describe the drawback of the simulators, the views of the residents and senior surgeon related to this technology.

The article presents questions and answers related to home robots including robotic approaches which is useful to address the problems, role for social robots for elder care, and the next DARPA challenge for robotics.

Presents a brief description of Karl Ferdinand Braun" cathode-ray vacuum tube that is able to visually capture the oscillations in electrical circuits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1992, Asad M. Madni sat at the helm of BEI Sensors and Controls, overseeing a product line that included a variety of sensing and inertial-navigation devices. Its customers were less varied-mainly, the aerospace and defense-electronics industries. And he had a problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep below the Louisville, Ky., zoo lies a network of enormous caverns carved out of limestone. The caverns are dark. They're dusty. They're humid. And during one week in September 2021, they were full of the most sophisticated robots in the world. The robots (along with their human teammates) were there to tackle a massive underground course designed by DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, as the culmination of its three-year Subterranean Challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents the front cover for this issue of the publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PHYSICISTS FIRST SUSPECTED MORE THAN A CENTURY AGO that the fusing of hydrogen into helium powers the sun. It took researchers many years to unravel the secrets by which lighter elements are smashed together into heavier ones inside stars, releasing energy in the process. And scientists and engineers have continued to study the sun's fusion process in hopes of one day using nuclear fusion to generate heat or electricity. But the prospect of meeting our energy needs this way remains elusive. The extraction of energy from nuclear fission, by contrast, happened relatively quickly. Fission in uranium was discovered in 1938, in Germany, and it was only four years later that the first nuclear “pile” was constructed in Chicago, in 1942. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When entrepreneur JoeBen Bevirt launched Joby Aviation 12 years ago, it was just one of a slew of offbeat tech projects at his Sproutwerx ranch in the Santa Cruz mountains, in California. Today, Joby has more than 1,000 employees and close to US $2 billion in funding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on how advancement in the artificial intelligence (AI) has been impacting the computer programming and software development industry. It mentions that AI-written code is the cutting edge of a broader movement to allow people to write software without having to code at all.

Describes the above-named upcoming conference event. May include topics to be covered or calls for papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The government of Chile is taking a stand: Its citizens must be protected from technologies that are capable of mind control, mind reading, or any other nefarious interference with their brains. While such concerns used to be relegated to conspiracy-theory chat rooms and science fiction, now they're subject to debate by senators. Thanks to a constitutional amendment that was passed by the National Congress of Chile and signed by the president, the people of Chile are the first in the world to be granted a new kind of human rights-“neurorights”- which advocates say are made necessary by rapid advances in neurotechnology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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When wireless researchers or telecom companies talk about future sixth-generation (6G) networks, they're talking mostly about their best guesses and wish lists. There are as yet no widely agreed upon technical standards outlining 6G's frequencies, signal modulations, and waveforms. And yet the economic and political forces that will define 6G are already in play. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In some ways, this is a family story. Peter Kovatchev was a naval engineer who raised his son, Boris, as a problem solver, and who built model ships with his granddaughter, Anna. He also suffered from a form of diabetes in which the pancreas cannot make enough insulin. To control the concentration of glucose in his blood, he had to inject insulin several times a day, using a syringe that he kept in a small metal box in our family's refrigerator. But although he tried to administer the right amount of insulin at the right times, his blood-glucose control was quite poor. He passed away from diabetes-related complications in 2002. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This coming february, the Cygnus NG-17 spacecraft will launch from NASA Wallops, in Virginia, on a routine resupply mission to the International Space Station. Amid the many tonnes of standard crew supplies, spacewalk equipment, computer hardware, and research experiments will be one unusual package: a pair of electronic textile swatches embedded with impact and vibration sensors. Soon after the spacecraft's arrival at the ISS, a robotic arm will mount the samples onto the exterior of Alpha Space's Materials ISS Experiment (MISSE) facility, and control-room operators back on Earth will feed power to the samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft for urban commuting are currently under development by more than a dozen different companies. These concepts and prototypes, representing well over a billion dollars of venture capital investment in 2020 alone, promise that sometime in the near future, point-to-point travel between suburbs and urban centers will happen by air using innovative new flying vehicles that are fast, quiet, clean, and far more affordable than a helicopter. United Airlines has ordered 200 eVTOLs. American Airlines has ordered 250, with an option for 100 more. But none of these eVTOL platforms are yet certified to carry passengers, and as a fundamentally different approach to flight, there are still open questions about safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Ever since a new class of materials called topological insulators was first created-a discovery that helped win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2016-researchers have been intrigued by the possibilities for electronics applications such as ultralow-energy transistors, cancer-scanning lasers, and free-space communication beyond 5G. Topological insulators' unusual name stems from their being insulating on the inside and conductive on the outside: On the outer boundaries of a topological insulator, electricity or (in some cases) light flows readily around corners and defects, and with virtually no losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Think of the many tasks to which computers are being applied that in the not-so-distant past required human intuition. Computers routinely identify objects in images, transcribe speech, translate between languages, diagnose medical conditions, play complex games, and drive cars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses adoption of RISC-V, a free and open source computer instruction-set architecture which is coming from demand for AI and machine learning. It mentions ET-SoC-1 was designed to accelerate AI in power-constrained data centers at the heart of boards that fit into the peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) slot of already installed servers.

Physical activity is essential to both physical and mental health, something brought home to many people following sedentary pandemic lockdowns. Even without the lockdowns, many parts of the world have been facing an obesity epidemic, which has created a need to help people manage their weight. For such people there are a wealth of fitness and diet apps that rely on smartphone and smartwatch sensors to monitor activity levels and track the calories they have burned. The problem is that smartphones and smartwatches do a terrible job at calorie counting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information about the Aerial Robot Dragon, a dual-rotor-embedded multilink robot with the ability of multi-degree-of-freedom. It mentions that Moju Zhao and colleagues from the University of Tokyo report some substantially updated capabilities for Dragon. It discuses that Zhao reports that the engineers are already considering giving Dragon the ability to walk on the ground in a bid to extend its battery life.

The article offers information that hacking challenges faced by the quantum cryptography. It mentions that researchers at organizations such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have been investigating which PQC algorithms should become the new standards the world should adopt.

The article discusses the shelling in the Ukrainian city of Enerhodar is putting the Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant (ZNPP) at risk. Topics discussed include discovery of Ukraine's Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant (ZNPP) power plant by Russian forces, Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy affirmed pervasive infiltration of Ukraine's state security service which places officials at Energoatom headquarters and mentions views of Energoatom chief executive officer Petro Kotin's statement.

For more than a decade now, OLED (organic light-emitting diode) displays have set the bar for screen quality, albeit at a price. That's because they produce deep blacks, offer wide viewing angles, and have a broad color range. Meanwhile, QD (quantum dot) technologies have done a lot to improve the color purity and brightness of the more wallet-friendly LCD TVs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a report submitted by Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, a multinational team of researchers, that a robot was able to complete a common training task for robot-assisted surgery with same accuracy as an experienced surgeon.

Garbage is a global problem that each of us contributes to. Since the 1970s, we've all been told we can help fix that problem by assiduously recycling bottles and cans, boxes and newspapers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For Yung-Hsiang Lu, improving the energy efficiency of computer technology to provide real-world benefits has been a lifelong focus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Of the many physicists who didn't win a Nobel Prize, Edwin Herbert Hall is among a select group for whom the failure seems a particular injustice. On 28 October 1879, the 23-year-old Hall made a discovery that still reverberates today (and which would eventually lead to Nobel Prizes for four other people). Working in a physics lab at the newly created Johns Hopkins University, Hall saw a needle in a galvanometer gauge shift, indicating an electric potential that had no obvious cause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schrödinger's cat is a thought problem that involves putting a cat in a box that would fill with poison if a radioactive atom splits. According to quantum mechanics, such a split can be said to have happened only if observed. And consequently, the cat must also be considered neither dead nor alive until observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 12 August 1981, at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel in midtown Manhattan, IBM unveiled its entrant into the nascent personal computer market: the IBM PC. With that, the preeminent U.S. computer maker launched another revolution in computing. Soon the world began embracing little computers by the millions, with IBM dominating those sales. Other companies, including Apple and Tandy Corp., were already making personal computers, but no other machine carried the revered IBM name. IBM's essential contributions were to position the technology as suitable for wide use and to set a technical standard. Rivals were compelled to meet a demand that they had all grossly underestimated. As such, IBM had a greater impact on the personal computer's acceptance than did Apple, Compaq, Dell, and even Microsoft. And yet IBM's lead in this new market would last only a few years, and the eclipse of the IBM PC came to mirror the decline of Big Blue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]