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Stakeholder satisfaction is the main motive of the software industry. Consumer and producer satisfaction means achieving a software-quality product. There are so many techniques, methods, and models are present for the software-quality prediction. Computational intelligence is also playing a crucial role in the prediction of quality characteristics. This paper gives a new optimal mathematical model for the prediction of the degree of stakeholder satisfaction (Q). Optimal models validate the real data using the relationship impacts of various quality attributes. It uses the equations of constraints. The optimal model gives the maximum and minimum values for Q. Constraints constitutes of software quality characteristics. In the given case study example, the idle value of Q is 30 but using optimal model it gives the maximum optimal value of Q = 22.788020075 for xLAB IT consulting services on their project In-Reg Molecule Registration using the MATLAB. It means if there is any change in the value of any software quality characteristics, then it will decrease the value of Q. It proves that the given result is an optimal solution.

Limitations of the pinhole method and astigmatic defocus detection have difficulties in determining the direction of defocus and a restricted linear correction range. Here, a distance-measuring approach based on the laser triangulation principle is proposed with a corresponding mathematical model to overcome these problems and to satisfy the requirements of an industrial thin-film transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT-LCD) inspection microscope system in active auto-focus applications. The approach combines infrared light at a wavelength of 808 nm with visible light. The light reflected from the surface of the object reaches a CCD camera and forms a spot via a set of optical devices. To control a PZT to achieve real-time auto-focusing, a Gaussian curve fitting method is used to process the spot information with the presented mathematical model giving the relationship between the detection value and the defocus value focus error signal (FES). The preliminary experiments with a $50\times $ objective lens show that the measured values are consistent with the theoretical values, have good linearity and possess a focusing accuracy of 0.2 $\mu \text{m}$ within $\pm 30~\mu \text{m}$ of the focal plane. The analysis of the experimental results proves the feasibility of using this method in industrial applications. Compared with the traditional method of microscope focus correction, this method has the advantages of high accuracy, good linearity, and fast focus speed for the actual requirements of industrial inspection processes. This method has been applied to the circuit board component defect detection in our laboratory.

Recently, IoT has greatly influenced our daily lives through various applications. One of the most promising application is smart city that leverages IoT devices to manage cities without any human intervention. The high possibility of sensing and publishing sensitive data in this smart environment leads to three significant issues: (1) privacy-preserving (2) heterogeneity, and (3) real-time services. We observe that current studies are in lack of addressing these challenges. In this paper, we propose a new privacy-preserving architecture for IoT devices in the smart city by leveraging ontology, a data model, at the edge of the network. At first, we propose an ontology that consists of privacy information of devices. Then, we mount a real-time privacy-preserving method on top of it that is achieved by providing a dynamic environment from the privacy-preserving point of view. Based on the simulation results using Protege and Visual Studio on a synthetic dataset, we find that our solution provides privacy at real-time while addressing heterogeneity issue so that many IoT devices can afford it. Thus, our proposed solution can be widely used for smart cities.

The main purpose of this paper is the allocation of orders to suppliers in an agile and flexible manner suitable to the automobile industry. In this paper, parts supplied by a single source were eliminated from the set of parts. Using mathematical modeling and through the interval-valued fuzzy-rough numbers best worst method (IVFRN-BWM), we try to achieve the results that can meet the proposed model's needs and provide the ideal results by introducing new modes. This paper addressed some new aspects of the subject and achieved robust results by considering five objective functions. These five functions are as follows: minimization of production line disruptions due to the performance of suppliers, minimization of the complaints of production line about supplied parts, minimization of defective parts received from suppliers (PPM), maximization of on-time delivery services, and minimization of overall costs of supplied parts. Reviewing the literature, the originality of this study are as follows: 1) identifying the structure of a supply chain (SC) in general and particularly in an automobile industry SC; 2) investigating the modeling techniques of the existing SC models for coordinating all the members of a product SC; 3) building a hybrid model of IVFRN-BWM and a robust goal programming agile and flexible supply chain in an uncertain situation; and 4) identifying the suitable scenarios/cases for testing the proposed models to validate the models. This paper can help decision makers and managers to opt for the best suppliers and also allocate the right numbers of parts to those supplier(s) based on a real situation of each firm.

This paper presents a system that can recognize handwritten words expressed using broken letters of the Persian alphabet. The proposed system can be used for most activities related to the gathering of public information. Statistical features of the separated/broken letters are employed in the system. Each letter is recognized using interconnected fuzzy neural network. The advantages of this method include high precision owing to the strength of the neural network algorithm and the possibility of extending dataset instance codes in a simple manner. At last, an evaluation for the proposed method is provided experimentally.