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Objective To investigate the effect of Xinfukang Oral Liquid on the expression of ND4 mRNA and Protein of myocardial mitochondria in pressure overload-induced left ventricular hypertrophy rats. Methods Totally, 240 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, sham operation group (SH) (n=80), coarctation of abdominal aorta model group (CAA) (n=80) and model and Xinfukang liquid treatment group (XFK) (n=80). Congestive Heart Failure rat models were made by partly coarctating the abdominal aorta of rats. Expression of ND4 mRNA and protein were observed at the fourth, eighth and 12th week after the treatment, respectively by RT-PCR and Western Blotting. Results In CAA group at the eighth week after operation, the content of ND4 mRNA and ND4 protein were both decreased compared with SH group (p Conclusion XFK oral liquid can upregulate expression of ND4 mRNA and ND4 protein in myocardial mitochondria of pressure overload rats and improve Myocardial energy metabolism.

Objectives Exercise is a special kind of stressor. Moderate exercise will be helpful to improve cardiovascular function and enhance cardiac contractility. In contrast, exhaustive exercise (the intensity or duration of the exercise is beyond the physical endurance of human-beings) will lead to the exercise-induced myocardial. In the course of exhaustive exercise, there will be a general acceleration of the body metabolism and dramatic increase of blood and oxygen requirements. Consequently, the heart rate and blood output per pulse become higher and higher. Finally, this would have overshoot the endurance and the buffering mechanism of the myocardial, and then resulted in myocardial injury. Therefore, to explore the effective medicine that can protect the cardiac function or reduce the damage of myocardium is a essential topic in the field of the Sports Medicine. In the present study, the protective effect of Sal. against ischaemia/reperfusion of repeated exhaustive swimming injury in the rats and the underlying mechanism was investigated by using the Langendorff isolated heart perfusion technique. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, salidroside group (Sal), salidroside-repeated exhaustive swimming group (Sal-RES), repeated exhaustive swimming group (RES). The rats in control group and RES group were given 0.9%NaCl (3ml·kg -1 ·d) by lumbar injection two weeks. The rats in Sal- RES group and Sal group were given salidroside (30mg·kg -1 ·d) by lumbar injection two weeks. After two weeks, the rats in control group and Sal group were not to do any exercise. And the rats in Sal- RES group and RES group done repeated exhaustive exercise by swimming one week. The rats hearts of each group were taken after the last swimming day. In isolated rat heart, Langendorff technique was used to observe the effect of salidroside on left ventricular function before and after 30min ischaemia/60min reperfusion, respectively. Results 1. In basic state, LVDP, + LVdp/dtmax,- LVdp/dtmax of the control group and Sal group have no significant difference among each other ( P >0.05); compared with the Control group, LVDP, +LVdp / dtmax,- LVdp / dtmax of the Sal-RES group and the RES group decreased significantly ( P P P > 0.05), compared to the Control group, Sal-RES group and the RES group decreased significantly (P P Conclusions In this study, it is found that salidroside showed good benefits on the heart protection through suppressing the change of blood dynamics and the damage of cardiac caused by ischaemia/reperfusion. Such protection function of salidroside is probably related to its capability to enhance the cardiac anti-oxidant capacity.

Objectives To establish an atherosclerosis animal mode in the rabbit fed by atherogenic diet, and to observe the effects of atherogenic diet on rabbits’ body weight, mortality rate, blood lipids and morphological changes in blood vessels. Methods 10 rabbits were randomly selected from 80 male New Zealand white rabbits and fed with normal diet; the rest 70 rabbits were fed with atherogenic diet for 4 weeks. At the end of the 4 th week, the 70 rabbits were divided into atherogenic diet-insensitive group and atherogenic diet-sensitive group, depending on their serum TC levels. All the rabbits were continued to feed for 9 weeks, then they were anaesthetised with pentobarbital sodium (25 mg•kg -1 , iv) and killed by bloodletting on Coomon carotid artery. Aortic arch, thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta, femoral artery and coomon carotid artery were taken for morphological observation. Results The vessel walls of rabbits fed by normal diet were smooth and glossy by macroscopic observation. Meanwhile, the vessel walls from atherogenic diet- sensitive group and atherogenic diet-insensitive group were rough and narrow, with the appearance of AS plaques. However, the femoral artery and coomon carotid artery in atherogenic diet groups did not show any changes. There was no AS plaque in blood vessels from the rabbits fed by normal diet when observed by light microscope. Meanwhile, the aortic arch, thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta form both atherogenic diet-sensitive group and atherogenic diet-insensitive group had rough and thick inner membrane, and contained a great quantity of foam cells. The endothelial cells swelled and degenerated, and macrophages and extracellular lipid deposition appeared in both in intima and media. However, only a small quantity of fibrous plaque appeared in femoral artery, instead of AS plaque. Conclusions The research indicated that AS plaque may appear in all the vessels, and it is more severe than in atherogenic diet-sensitive group. Besides, AS plaque appeared earlier and more severe in large arteries than

Objectives To investigate the effect and safety of esmolol in treating ventricular arrhythmias Methods We gave intravenous injection of esmolol either alone or along with electrical defibrillation, electrical cardioversion, to 48 ventricular arrhythmias cases (including ventricular premature contractions, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation) during hospitalisation in Department of Cardiology of PLA 252 Hospital since January 1st, 2011. Then we investigated the restoration of sinus rhythm and control of ventricular rate, recorded the changes in blood pressure and heart rate before and after treatment Results Among the 48 cases, 16 cases converted to sinus rhythm by usage of esmolol and electrical defibrillation, 4 cases converted to sinus rhythm by usage of esmolol and electrical cardioversion; among the rest, 7 cases of premature ventricular contractions were treated with esmolol for prevention, 21 cases of ventricular tachycardia (including paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia)converted to sinus rhythm by usage of esmolol alone. The total efficiency rate was up to 91.6%. 4 patients died. Conclusions Esmolol as the ultrashort sblockers has good efficacy, less adverse reactions, and is worthy of further research in treatment of rapid ventricular arrhythmia

Objectives Observe the effection of Salidroside (Sal) to the hypoxia myocardial cells and study the mechanism about ND4 protein Methods Get the hearts out of 20 healthy rats that bore in 24 h. Digest the hearts with trypsase and obtain myocardial cells in vitro. Culture cells in 6 and 96 wells plates. Start the experiment when the cells spread and contact with each others. The cells were divide into four groups, control group, model group, hypoxia+Sal (50 µg/ml) and hypoxia+Sal (100 µg/ml). The mode established with GENbox anaer, Anaero Pack and low glucose culture medium free FBS. The indexes determined were cellular morphology, vitality of cells, LDH of liquid supernatant, activity of complex I, the change of DNA and cell nucleus, the content of ND4 protein. Results 1. Compared with control group, hypoxia+Sal (100 µg/ml) group have few apoptosis cells (p>0.05) and the apoptosis cells were most in model group (p 2. Result of MTT show that the cell9s activity in model group were lower than control group cells (p 3. The level of LDH in model group rose up observably compared with control group (p 4. The activity of complex were least and in control group was most (p 5. DNA ladders were emerge in model group and hypoxia+Sal (50 µg/ml) group. On the contrary, there were little DNA ladders in control group and hypoxia+Sal (100 µg/ml) group. 6. Observed cells under microscope, there were too much apoptosis cells in model group compared with control group (p 7. The content of ND4 protein in model group was least and in control group was most (p Conclusions Complex I is the most important coenzymes of the respiratory chain of mitochondrial. ND4 protein is the most important subunit of complex I. Evidence shows that the lack of ND4 protein could make the activity of complex I lost completely. In this study, the content of ND4 protein was increased in hypoxia+Sal groups. It suggest that Sal could protect the myocardial cells in hypoxia by increase the content of ND4 protein.