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• Development of biomass-based nanofibers by electrospinning technology is reviewed. • Advances in electrospun nanofibers as energy storage devices are summarized. • Prospect of biomass-based nanofibers in the energy storage devices is given. Biomass-based nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technology have the advantages of unique porous structure, high specific surface area, low cost and easy availability, hence they have wide applications in electrochemical energy storage devices. This review describes the characteristics of electrospun nanofibers prepared from various biomass components and their derivatives and introduces their application performances in electrochemical energy storage devices. The preparation methods of electrospun nanofibers with excellent electrochemical properties are systematically introduced, and the differences of various biomass materials and their applications in electrochemical energy storage devices are analyzed and summarized. Some development suggestions for the future application of biomass-based nanofibrous materials are given. These works provide some important references for the application and expansion of biomass-based electrospun nanofibers in the field of energy storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Catalysts that can effectively promote cellulose decomposition are synthesized. • CO 2 -assisted cobalt-based Ce/Fe/Mg catalyst enhances furans and ketones. • The synthesized catalyst has good oxygen transfer ability. • The performance of catalyst in improving the selectivity of compound is given. The production of high value-added liquid products by catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose has become an effective way to realize the efficient utilization of biomass. This work synthesized a series of Co-Ce, Co-Fe and Co-Mg composite metal catalysts and used them to obtain furans and ketones production. In addition, the CO 2 was used as a pyrolysis atmosphere to investigate the synergistic effect between CO 2 and the prepared catalyst. The results showed that the catalyst effectively promoted the depolymerization of cellulose and improved the oxygen transfer behavior between volatile matters during cellulose pyrolysis. As a reaction medium, CO 2 influenced the carbon distribution of products, thereby increasing syngas yield, and the CO 2 atmosphere promoted the formation of furans and ketones. Compared with those obtained by the non-catalytic pyrolysis in N 2 atmosphere, the relative contents of furans and ketones in the liquid products produced by the catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose in CO 2 atmosphere increased by about 13.38% and 9.8%. In the CO 2 environment, the generation ability for furans was Co-Mg catalyst > Co-Ce catalyst > Co-Fe catalyst, and the generation ability for ketones was Co-Ce catalyst > Co-Mg catalyst > Co-Fe catalyst. These works provide an important way for the efficient preparation of furans and ketones from biomass pyrolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, spent mushroom substrate (SMS) was co-pyrolyzed with oil shale semi-coke (OSS) to investigate the effects of the OSS on yield and chemical compositions of bio-oil product. Oil shale semi-coke was mixed with biomass in the OSS/SMS mass ratios of 0:1, 1:4, 1:1, 4:1 and 1:0. The pyrolysis experiment was carried out by using a lab-scale pyrolysis reactor. The experimental results showed that the addition of the OSS led to an increase of bio-oil yield. The maximum of bio-oil yield was obtained at the OSS/SMS mass ratio of 1:1. The characteristics of the obtained oils were studied by elemental analyzer, FTIR and GC–MS. It was found that the bio-oil obtained from the pyrolysis of mixed SMS and OSS had higher carbon and hydrogen content, lower oxygen content than those produced by the pyrolysis of biomass alone. Moreover, there were more aromatics and aliphatic compounds in the obtained bio-oil product. These variations indicated that the existence of the OSS significantly influenced the chemical compositions of bio-oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Coupling effect advanced the thermal decomposition of organic matters in oil shale. • A significant coupling effect was achieved at the MMT/CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O mass ratio of 5:1. • MMT and CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O promoted decarboxylation and free-radical reaction of pyrolysis. • Coupling effect significantly promoted the formation of saturated hydrocarbons. In this work, the effects of the coupling between montmorillonite and CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O on pyrolysis behavior, products distribution and characteristics of liquid fuel were investigated by the combination of pyrolysis experiment and kinetic analysis. The mass fraction of the MMT in oil shale was 3–9%, and the mass fraction of CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O was 10–25%. The results showed that the coupling effect promoted the formation of shale oil. The maximum yield of shale oil (17.75 wt%) was obtained at 20CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O5MMT. Catalytic pyrolysis behavior and kinetic analysis indicated that the presence of CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O and montmorillonite led to the prominent advance of kerogen decomposition temperature and the decrease of apparent activation energy. Significantly, the addition of the 20CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O5MMT led that the average apparent activation energy was decreased by about 122.42 kJ/mol compared to the catalyst-free pyrolysis. The strong cracking ability produced by their coupling effect was considered to be the main reason. Montmorillonite and CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O enhanced the decarboxylation and free-radical reaction, resulting in a decrease of acids yield and an increase of aliphatic hydrocarbons yield. The relative content of aliphatic hydrocarbons increased from 41.55% to 51.27%. These results demonstrated that the combined use of montmorillonite and CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O was beneficial to the generation of saturated hydrocarbon production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]