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This document is a compilation of scientific articles that explore the historical treatment of rodents in scientific research and the growing recognition of their cognitive abilities and welfare. It emphasizes the importance of considering animal suffering and the need for animal-friendly methods in rodent behavioral testing. The articles discuss various approaches and technologies, such as mirror-based tests and automated monitoring systems, that prioritize animal welfare while providing valid results. The research presented in these articles sheds light on the complex behaviors and capabilities of rodents, highlighting their similarities to humans and the potential for further study in this field. [Extracted from the article]

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) from both a psycholinguistic and neuroscientific perspective. It explores the distinct communication patterns associated with different subtypes of NPD and identifies specific brain regions and functional abnormalities associated with the disorder. The integration of psycholinguistic and neuroscientific findings can improve diagnosis and treatment for individuals with NPD by addressing cognitive distortions and emotional dysregulation. The article acknowledges the need for further research to refine diagnostic criteria and deepen our understanding of the disorder. Additionally, a list of references is provided, offering a valuable resource for further research on NPD. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the historical treatment of rodents in scientific research and the need for improved methods that prioritize animal welfare. It highlights the growing recognition of rodents' cognitive abilities and challenges the notion that their welfare is less important due to their perceived inferiority. The article introduces a collection of contributions from researchers around the world that explore various approaches to animal-friendly behavioral testing for rodents. It discusses the importance of designing behavioral tests that consider the specific characteristics of different animal species and prioritize animal welfare. The text also highlights the contributions of various researchers in developing animal-friendly behavioral tests, including the use of mirror-based tests, infrared thermography, robotic animals, and automated home-cage monitoring systems. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for further development and exploration of new approaches in animal-friendly behavioral testing. This document is a list of references from various scientific articles related to animal behavior, specifically focusing on rodents such as mice and rats. The articles cover a range of topics including empathy, social behavior, cognitive abilities, and experimental methods for studying animal behavior. [Extracted from the article]

The editorial in the Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience journal focuses on the neuropsychobiological aspects of parent-child interactions, emphasizing the crucial role these connections play in shaping the neurobiological development of both parties. The article highlights how daily interactions between parents and children influence brain development, emotional regulation, social behavior, and attachment formation. By understanding these early interactions, researchers aim to enhance interventions that support the well-being of both parents and children, ultimately contributing to improved developmental outcomes and quality of life. [Extracted from the article]

This opinion article discusses the underdiagnosis and underreporting of emotional dyscontrol in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). It emphasizes the need for standardized assessment tools and the incorporation of emotional dyscontrol assessment in clinical evaluations. The article also highlights the importance of personalized assessment and research to understand the specific domains of social cognition affected in MS and their links to emotional dysregulation. A study mentioned in the article found that a significant number of MS patients had impairments in recognizing facial emotions. The document provides a list of references on various aspects of MS and its impact on emotional and cognitive functioning, including depression, social cognition impairments, and emotion dysregulation. [Extracted from the article]

This article explores the use of infrared thermal imaging (ITI) as a non-invasive method to study parent-infant interactions. ITI can measure changes in cutaneous temperature and capture psychophysiological arousal states during social interactions. The authors discuss the potential of ITI to provide insight into autonomic co-regulation and bio-behavioral synchrony. They also highlight the challenges and considerations in conducting ITI studies. Additionally, the document provides a list of references and citations for scientific papers related to thermal facial imprints, autonomic contagion, mother-infant synchrony, and infant stress regulation. These papers discuss the physiological and developmental aspects of these phenomena and the potential applications of thermal imaging in studying emotions and deception detection. [Extracted from the article]

This article, published in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, examines the continuity and discontinuity of mother-infant interactions in infants born preterm. The study found that discontinuity in interactions was associated with better outcomes, but was less likely in preterm infants. Maternal sensitivity and infant cooperative behavior were higher in dyads that changed their scores from 3 to 9 months compared to those that maintained the same score. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the impact of prematurity on parent-infant relationships and developmental trajectories. It includes references to sources discussing affect attunement, neurobehavioral and social-emotional development, and social interaction. [Extracted from the article]

An editorial is presented on the interactions between the cortex and hippocampus during learning and memory. Topics include new insights into hippocampal contributions to memory-related behaviors, the role of cortical regions in aversive memory processing, and theoretical perspectives on cortico-hippocampal interactions.

Background: As machine learning technology continues to advance and the need for standardized behavioral quantification grows, commercial and open-source automated behavioral analysis tools are gaining prominence in behavioral neuroscience. We present a comparative analysis of three behavioral analysis pipelines--DeepLabCut (DLC) and Simple Behavioral Analysis (SimBA), HomeCageScan (HCS), and manual scoring--in measuring repetitive selfgrooming among mice. Methods: Grooming behavior of mice was recorded at baseline and after water spray or restraint treatments. Videos were processed and analyzed in parallel using 3 methods (DLC/SimBA, HCS, and manual scoring), quantifying both total number of grooming bouts and total grooming duration. Results: Both treatment conditions (water spray and restraint) resulted in significant elevation in both total grooming duration and number of grooming bouts. HCS measures of grooming duration were significantly elevated relative to those derived from manual scoring: specifically, HCS tended to overestimate duration at low levels of grooming. DLC/SimBA duration measurements were not significantly different than those derived from manual scoring. However, both SimBA and HCS measures of the number of grooming bouts were significantly different than those derived from manual scoring; the magnitude and direction of the difference depended on treatment condition. Conclusion: DLC/SimBA provides a high-throughput pipeline for quantifying grooming duration that correlates well with manual scoring. However, grooming bout data derived from both DLC/SimBA and HCS did not reliably estimate measures obtained via manual scoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntelliCage for mice is a rodent home-cage equipped with four corner structures harboring symmetrical double panels for operant conditioning at each of the two sides, either by reward (access to water) or by aversion (non-painful stimuli: air-puffs, LED lights). Corner visits, nose-pokes and actual licks at bottle-nipples are recorded individually using subcutaneously implanted transponders for RFID identification of up to 16 adult mice housed in the same home-cage. This allows for recording individual in-cage activity of mice and applying reward/ punishment operant conditioning schemes in corners using workflows designed on a versatile graphic user interface. IntelliCage development had four roots: (i) dissatisfaction with standard approaches for analyzing mouse behavior, including standardization and reproducibility issues, (ii) response to handling and housing animal welfare issues, (iii) the increasing number of mouse models had produced a high work burden on classic manual behavioral phenotyping of single mice. and (iv), studies of transponder-chipped mice in outdoor settings revealed clear genetic behavioral differences in mouse models corresponding to those observed by classic testing in the laboratory. The latter observations were important for the development of home-cage testing in social groups, because they contradicted the traditional belief that animals must be tested under social isolation to prevent disturbance by other group members. The use of IntelliCages reduced indeed the amount of classic testing remarkably, while its flexibility was proved in a wide range of applications worldwide including transcontinental parallel testing. Essentially, two lines of testing emerged: sophisticated analysis of spontaneous behavior in the IntelliCage for screening of new genetic models, and hypothesis testing in many fields of behavioral neuroscience. Upcoming developments of the IntelliCage aim at improved stimulus presentation in the learning corners and videotracking of social interactions within the IntelliCage. Its main advantages are (i) that mice live in social context and are not stressfully handled for experiments, (ii) that studies are not restricted in time and can run in absence of humans, (iii) that it increases reproducibility of behavioral phenotyping worldwide, and (iv) that the industrial standardization of the cage permits retrospective data analysis with new statistical tools even after many years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This editorial published in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience explores the neurobiological and cognitive aspects of appetitive and aversive motivation. The authors emphasize the importance of motivation in survival and well-being, while acknowledging its potential negative effects in certain conditions. They discuss the growing body of research on the neural correlates of motivation and its impact on cognition, including attention, learning, memory, and decision-making. The article presents specific studies on the role of brain regions such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the insular cortex in reward processing and cognitive control. The authors aim to advance our understanding of motivation and its influence on cognition, with the potential for targeted interventions to improve mental health and well-being. [Extracted from the article]

This document is an editorial published in the journal Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. It discusses the complex interplay between genes and the environment in relation to dysfunctional motivation in eating behaviors. The editorial highlights the increasing prevalence of feeding and eating disorders worldwide and the need for a better understanding of their underlying mechanisms. The document also mentions several research articles and reviews included in the Research Topic, which provide insights into different aspects of dysfunctional motivation in eating behaviors. The authors emphasize the importance of further research to develop more appropriate diagnostic tools and treatments for these disorders. [Extracted from the article]

This document is an editorial from the journal Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, published in 2024. The editorial focuses on the contributions of women in the field of behavioral neuroscience. It highlights the underrepresentation of women in academic life and the need for fair and accurate evaluation of their contributions to science. The editorial presents a collection of articles by female researchers who use behavioral models to study neuropsychiatric and neurocognitive phenomena. The articles cover topics such as aging and anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, drug addiction, social behavior, and compulsivity. The authors emphasize the importance of considering the impact of tools and behavioral tests on outcome measures in animal models. The editorial concludes by expressing hope that the research presented will inspire more young women to pursue careers in behavioral neuroscience. [Extracted from the article]

This document is a corrigendum for an article titled "L-DOPA increases slow-wave sleep duration and selectively modulates memory persistence in older adults." The corrigendum acknowledges an error in the funding statement of the original article, where the Doctoral Training Grant number was omitted. The correct funding statement is provided, and it is stated that this error does not affect the scientific conclusions of the article. The corrigendum also includes a note from the publisher stating that the claims expressed in the article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of their affiliated organizations or the publisher. [Extracted from the article]

Consumer-resource population models drive progress in predicting and understanding predation. However, they are often built by averaging the foraging outcomes of individuals to estimate per capita functional responses (functions that describe predation rate). Reliance on per-capita functional responses rests on the assumption that that individuals forage independently without affecting each other. Undermining this assumption, extensive behavioral neuroscience research has made clear that facilitative and antagonistic interactions among conspecifics frequently alter foraging through interference competition and persistent neurophysiological changes. For example, repeated social defeats dysregulates rodent hypothalamic signaling, modulating appetite. In behavioral ecology, similar mechanisms are studied under the concept of dominance hierarchies. Neurological and behavioral changes in response to conspecifics undoubtedly play some sort of role in the foraging of populations, but modern predator-prey theory does not explicitly include them. Here we describe how some modern approaches to population modeling might account for this. Further, we propose that spatial predator-prey models can be modified to describe plastic changes in foraging behavior driven by intraspecific interaction, namely individuals switching between patches or plastic strategies to avoid competition. Extensive neurological and behavioral ecology research suggests that interactions among conspecifics help shape populations’ functional responses. Modeling interdependent functional responses woven together by behavioral and neurological mechanisms may thus be indispensable in predicting the outcome of consumer–resource interactions across systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helping behavior are actions aiming at assisting another individual in need or to relieve their distress. The occurrence of this behavior not only depends on automated physiological mechanisms, such as imitation or emotional contagion, that is, the individual's emotion and physiological state matching with others, but also needs motivation to sustain. From a comparative and developmental perspective, we discover that the motivation for helping behavior has a deep foundation both phylogenetically and ontogenetically. For example, empathic concern for others, relieving personal distress and the desire for social contact are universal motivations across rodents, non-human primates and human early childhoods. Therefore, a circle-layered model integrating evidences for motivation for helping behavior from rodent to human early childhood research is proposed: the inner circle contains the emotional-behavioral system and the outer circle contains the affective-cognitive system. The application of this model has significance for both behavioral neuroscience research and cultivating prosocial behavior in human society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is an editorial published in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience titled "Improving reproducibility in behavioral neuroscience." The authors discuss the importance of reproducibility in scientific research, particularly in the field of behavioral neuroscience. They highlight the ethical implications of a lack of reproducibility and the potential waste of animal lives in research. The authors suggest that combining principles of animal welfare with experimental rigor can help combat the reproducibility crisis. They also discuss specific measures and procedures that the scientific community should adopt to improve the reliability and translational potential of pre-clinical research. [Extracted from the article]

This article is an editorial published in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience titled "Neurobiology of food addiction." The editorial discusses the concept of food addiction and its increasing academic interest in recent years. It explores the parallels between food-related behaviors and substance use disorders, as well as the use of the term "food addiction" and its classification as a disorder. The editorial also highlights different aspects of the neurobiology and behavior related to food addiction, including genetic and epigenetic alterations, cue-guided decision-making, and the role of the olfactory system. Overall, the article provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying addictive behaviors and offers potential avenues for future studies and prevention strategies. [Extracted from the article]

This document is an editorial titled "New challenges and future perspectives in motivation and reward" published in the journal Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. The authors discuss the importance of motivation in our daily lives and its role in driving behaviors. They explore the interaction between motivation and reward or aversion and how it influences learning. The editorial also provides a summary of key findings from several articles published in the same research topic, including studies on the effects of stress and impulsivity on binge drinking, the relationship between motor impulsivity and drug-seeking behaviors, and the role of ultrasonic vocalizations in feeding behaviors. Overall, the articles contribute to our understanding of the neural basis of motivation and reward. [Extracted from the article]

This document is an editorial published in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. It discusses the complex interrelations and challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders. The editorial highlights four key studies that focus on innovative strategies and emerging trends in managing conditions such as Parkinson's Disease, Tourette Syndrome, Bipolar Spectrum Disorders, and Multiple Sclerosis. The studies explore the effectiveness of mind-body exercises in mitigating cognitive decline in Parkinson's patients, the need for enhanced international cooperation in Tourette Syndrome research, the intersections between Bipolar Spectrum Disorders and neurological disorders, and the social cognition deficits in Multiple Sclerosis. The editorial emphasizes the importance of integrative approaches, collaborative efforts, and personalized care in addressing these disorders and improving the quality of life for individuals affected by them. [Extracted from the article]

Translational research in behavioral neuroscience seeks causes and remedies for human mental health problems in animals, following leads imposed by clinical research in psychiatry. This endeavor faces several problems because scientists must read and interpret animal movements to represent human perceptions, mood, and memory processes. Yet, it is still not known how mammalian brains bundle all these processes into a highly compressed motor output in the brain stem and spinal cord, but without that knowledge, translational research remains aimless. Based on some four decades of experience in the field, the article identifies sources of interpretation problems and illustrates typical translational pitfalls. (1) The sensory world of mice is different. Smell, hearing, and tactile whisker sensations dominate in rodents, while visual input is comparatively small. In humans, the relations are reversed. (2) Mouse and human brains are equated inappropriately: the association cortex makes up a large portion of the human neocortex, while it is relatively small in rodents. The predominant associative cortex in rodents is the hippocampus itself, orchestrating chiefly inputs from secondary sensorimotor areas and generating species-typical motor patterns that are not easily reconciled with putative human hippocampal functions. (3) Translational interpretation of studies of memory or emotionality often neglects the ecology of mice, an extremely small species surviving by freezing or flight reactions that do not need much cognitive processing. (4) Further misinterpretations arise from confounding neuronal properties with system properties, and from rigid mechanistic thinking unaware that many experimentally induced changes in the brain do partially reflect unpredictable compensatory plasticity. (5) Based on observing hippocampal lesion effects in mice indoors and outdoors, the article offers a simplistic general model of hippocampal functions in relation to hypothalamic input and output, placing hypothalamus and the supraspinal motor system at the top of a cerebral hierarchy. (6) Many translational problems could be avoided by inclusion of simple species-typical behaviors as end-points comparable to human cognitive or executive processing, and to rely more on artificial intelligence for recognizing patterns not classifiable by traditional psychological concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate tracking is the basis of behavioral analysis, an important research method in neuroscience and many other fields. However, the currently available tracking methods have limitations. Traditional computer vision methods have problems in complex environments, and deep learning methods are hard to be applied universally due to the requirement of laborious annotations. To address the trade-off between accuracy and universality, we developed an easy-to-use tracking tool, Siamese Network-based All-Purpose Tracker (SNAP-Tracker), a model-free tracking software built on the Siamese network. The pretrained Siamese network offers SNAP-Tracker a remarkable feature extraction ability to keep tracking accuracy, and the model-free design makes it usable directly before laborious annotations and network refinement. SNAP-Tracker provides a "tracking with detection" mode to track longer videos with an additional detection module. We demonstrate the stability of SNAP-Tracker through different experimental conditions and different tracking tasks. In short, SNAP-Tracker provides a general solution to behavioral tracking without compromising accuracy. For the user's convenience, we have integrated the tool into a tidy graphic user interface and opened the source code for downloading and using (https://github.com/slh0302/SNAP). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is an editorial published in the journal Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. It discusses the state of research on learning and memory and highlights recent developments and challenges in the field. The editorial includes articles that cover various topics such as fear extinction, food-seeking behavior, and the assessment of learning and memory in mice. The authors emphasize the importance of considering factors like sex, age, and lifestyle in learning and memory processes, as well as the role of technology and artificial intelligence in experimental design and analysis. [Extracted from the article]

This document is a corrigendum for an article titled "Development under predation risk increases serotonin-signaling, variability of turning behavior and survival in adult fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster." The correction addresses an error in the original article where five sentences were missing from the "Materials and methods" section. The corrected paragraph provides additional details about the experimental procedures used in the study. The authors apologize for the error and state that it does not affect the scientific conclusions of the article. [Extracted from the article]

This document is an editorial titled "Plasticity and flexibility in the parental brain" published in the journal Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. The editorial discusses various aspects of the neurobiological adaptations underlying caregiving decisions in both animal models and humans. It highlights the structural and functional plasticity in the brain that occurs during the postpartum period and emphasizes the role of hormones and neurotransmitters in facilitating caregiving behaviors. The editorial also explores the importance of studying rodent maternal behavior in more challenging and ethologically relevant contexts. Additionally, it addresses the neurobiological adaptations of the maternal brain and their role in supporting sensitive parenting. The editorial also touches on the transition into fatherhood and the effects of paternal programming on child development. Overall, the document provides insights into the brain mechanisms involved in parenting and emphasizes the importance of understanding these mechanisms for supporting families and promoting healthy development. [Extracted from the article]

This document is an editorial titled "New insights on bringing social context into addiction neuroscience" published in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. The editorial emphasizes the importance of understanding the social context of addiction and its influence on vulnerability to substance use and substance use disorders. It highlights the need for longitudinal studies, such as the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, to examine the role of social factors in addiction. The editorial also mentions various articles included in the research topic, which explore the impact of family, race, ethnicity, and technology addiction on substance use. Overall, the editorial provides actionable information and hope for prevention and treatment efforts in addiction research. [Extracted from the article]

This document is an editorial published in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience titled "Neuroepigenetics and biological mechanisms of stress-induced socio-cognitive changes." The editorial highlights the need for further research into the biological mechanisms underlying stress-induced socio-cognitive changes, as there is a significant gap in existing research in this area. The document introduces a research topic that includes three full research articles and two review articles, all of which focus on the biological mechanisms underlying trauma and fear, stress-induced depression, substance abuse, and social homeostasis. The editorial emphasizes the importance of understanding these mechanisms in order to advance the management and treatment of central nervous system disorders. [Extracted from the article]