Search

• Pressure-stored thermochromic photonic crystal (PSTPC) with compressed non-close-packing structures has been fabricated. • The PSTPC exhibits a unique working mechanism of heating-induced lattice expansion and color redshift by releasing pressure. • PSTPCs display emerging applications, including hot warning labels, ink-free rewritable papers, and anti-counterfeiting tags. Conventional thermochromic photonic crystal (TPC) hydrogels and liquids have gained prominence due to their unique capability of adjusting their colors by temperature (T). However, challenges including non-recordable structural colors, poor stability, and limited color tunability significantly limit their advanced applications. To address these issues, a versatile pressure-stored TPC (PSTPC) with repeatable fixable compressed non-close-packing structures has been fabricated based on combining phase-changing materials and elastic photonic crystals. Distinguishing from conventional TPCs, PSTPCs possess 1) recordable colors with excellent stability under normal conditions; 2) adjustable colors from red to blue by simply altering storable pressure; and 3) a T-triggered color change by releasing the pressure. These PSTPCs have been experimentally proved to be ideal candidates for various applications, including hot warning labels, ink-free rewritable papers, and elaborate anti-counterfeiting tags. This work offers a new perspective for designing and fabricating combined materials-based stimulus-responsive structural color materials with advanced multifunctional applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Five new anti-counterfeiting models have been developed using PDLC. • The electro-optical performance with voltage (33.35 V), high contrast (234.06) and response time 11.6 ms. • Combined decoding mode of fluorescent color is not counterfeitable. • The pixel-point anti-counterfeiting mode that is difficult to counterfeit. • The prepared color electronic paper is directly applied to real life. Currently, polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) exhibits great potential in anti-counterfeiting and display device applications, but they still have serious disadvantages of poor stability, small voltage-variable color range, low recognition rate, long response time and single-color variation. In this work, the developed novel multiple modulated anti-counterfeiting modes that combined red, yellow and green fluorescent colors and voltages by using the modification strategy of PDLC. A series of anti-counterfeiting PDLC films with multicolor-modulated decoding modes were prepared by introducing fluorescent materials with different emission wavelengths into PDLC. In order to further enhance anti-counterfeiting ability, the model of the dynamic change of micrometer-sized pixel points under different voltages was developed, which greatly increased the difficulty for PDLC being counterfeited. For display application, our developed PDLC-based flexible electronic papers with single- and multi-pattern displays exhibited dynamic change of patterns that could be intelligently adjusted. Noteworthily, the electronic paper had a fast response time (11.6 ms) and high contrast ratio (234.06). Furthermore, the prepared flexible electronic paper served as a billboard for supermarkets that could dynamically regulate real-time prices. In short, the developed PDLC flexible films with multiple anti-counterfeiting and coding modes will have great promising in anti-counterfeiting and display device applications in real life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time-resolved multicolor dynamic anti-counterfeiting was achieved by exploiting the stimuli-response properties and lifetimes differences between NOCQDs and NCQDs, realizing the 5D information encryption in all five stimulus-, pattern-, time-, and color-dependent codes. [Display omitted] • Through precise regulation, two kinds of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were prepared. • The color of afterglow is dependent on excitation wavelength. • Information encryption and dynamic identification were realized in 5D mode. Multi-stimuli responsive multicolored room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have recently attracted considerable attention, owing to their potential applications in advanced dynamic anti-counterfeiting. The design and development of carbon dots that exhibit both stimulus response characteristics and multicolor RTP emission remains a significant challenge in the field. In this work, we present a novel approach to control the dynamic phosphorescence color and stimulus response properties of CQDs coated on paper by fine-tuning the surface functional groups of the CQDs. Specifically, histidine and 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine was separately used to prepare N, O co-doped CQDs (NOCQDs) and N-doped CQDs (NCQDs), respectively. These CQDs were further coated on filter paper substrates to achieve water and heating cascade stimulus–response RTP. These stimuli-responsive properties of NOCQDs can be modulated by deprotonating their surface oxygen-containing groups. Eventually, we achieved time-resolved multicolor dynamic anti-counterfeiting by exploiting the stimuli-response properties and lifetimes differences between NOCQDs and NCQDs, realizing the 5D information encryption in all five stimulus-, pattern-, time-, and color-dependent codes. These findings highlight the potential of NOCQDs as advanced anti-counterfeiting materials and lay a foundation for further exploration into the synthesis and properties of CQDs with tunable stimuli-response features and RTP emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • First proposal for high value-added reuse of industrial waste photosensitive polyimide. • Developed fully crosslinked ink to maintain a high shape fidelity (shrinkage <5 %). • Balanced strength and toughness by combining long/short-chain crosslinkers. • Extended 2D photolithography of w-PSPI to maskless 3D printing. In the mass industrial production process of polyimide photoresists, waste generation is inevitable due to unqualified molecular weights, inappropriate ionic content of resins, or storage expiration. Consequently, the recycling and reuse of waste photosensitive polyimide (w-PSPI) is a growing concern in both scientific and industrial communities. In this work, w-PSPI was explored to prepare photocurable, fully crosslinked inks for digital light projection technology (DLP). For this purpose, suitable photoactive solvents and crosslinking agents were first screened to overcome the issue of large shrinkage caused by solvent volatilization. The formation of cross-linked network structures during DLP processing and subsequent imidization was also investigated. As a result, a polyimide DLP ink with minimum size shrinkage (less than 5 %) was proposed. For a given active solvent, the mechanical behavior and heat resistance of DLP-formed objects were significantly influenced by the ratio of short-chain and long-chain crosslinkers and the imidization temperature. By optimizing ink composition and imidization temperature, the DLP-formed objects showed high heat resistance (T d 5 > 385 °C, T g > 150 °C) and balanced mechanical properties of strength and toughness (Modulus ≥1 GPa, elongation at break >5 %). This w-PSPI ink has been successfully utilized to manufacture several complex 3D structures and vertical 3D microarrays with 100-µm on a limited-resolution DLP printer. This study not only points the direction for the high-added utilization of w-PSPI but also demonstrates the potential for expanding PSPI application from 2D lithography to 3D micro-manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • GDL with excellent bulk hydrophobicity and strength based on interspersed PP network. • Novel bulk- and self- hydrophobicity GDL require no fluoride posttreatment. • Excellent water management under high current density in PEMFC operation. • Cost-effective production of high-performance GDL through paper making. In the quest for sustainable energy, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are emerging as a key technology due to their high efficiency and low pollutant emissions. However, the performance and longevity of PEMFCs rely heavily on effective water management within the gas diffusion layer (GDL). Traditional GDLs, comprised of carbon fiber paper treated with perfluorinated hydrophobic agents, suffered from environmental, economic, and performance limitations and exhibited unsatisfactory water regulation due to the surface hydrophobicity. To overcome these challenges, we have developed a fluorine-free bulk hydrophobic GDL with an interpenetrating network composed of graphene, cellulose fiber, and modified polypropylene fiber with impressive mechanical strength (22 MPa) and enhanced hydrophobicity without the use of harmful fluorinated agents through the scalable papermaking. The resulting GDL offers significantly improved PEMFC performance by enhancing water management, achieving a current density of 1.25 A cm−2 at 0.6 V and a maximum power density of 0.746 W cm−2. Furthermore, it exhibits superior water management capabilities compared to commercial GDL under high current density and demonstrates a more straightforward, less energy-intensive production process. Our findings suggest a scalable, cost-effective pathway for advanced GDL manufacturing, promoting a shift towards more sustainable and high-performing PEMFCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Eco-friendly e-paper derived entirely from recycled newspaper. • e-paper made conductive with polyaniline (PANi) functionalization. • Devices showcase impressive energy production capabilities on touch interactive. • e-paper explored as a flexible, wide-range pressure sensor with high sensitivity. • Tech integration allows IoT-ready sensors with wireless modules. This study focuses on developing multifunctional electronic paper (e-paper) using a low-cost recycling method to minimize the usage of critical raw materials. The e-paper is designed for various smart applications, such as mechano-responsive energy harvesters and pressure sensors. The emphasis is on adopting an eco-friendly approach by utilizing cellulose extracted from used newspapers, which would otherwise have been discarded. The formulated e-paper contains 100 % recycled cellulose fibers, unlike the more commonly used recycled paper, which contains around 70 % of recycled cellulose and 30 % of new pulp. The recycled paper (RP) was functionalized using polyaniline (PANi), resulting in a conductive e-paper, capable of generating electric current through a charge transfer mechanism at the PANi-Cellulose/electrode interface layer. The resulting devices demonstrate satisfactory energy production, with output voltage ranging from 16.8 to 20.25 V, output current ranging from 0.9 µA to 1.75 µA, and power density ranging from 0.18 to 0.35 Wm−2. The mechanical impulses generated by the device can successfully light up several LEDs in series. Additionally, the e-paper was investigated as a flexible, paper-based pressure sensor. The fabricated device exhibited excellent sensitivity, fast response time, and a wide detection range from 25 Pa to 12.25 kPa. The sensitivity of the pressure sensors achieved 4.21 kPa−1 within a low range of 0–1 kPa and approximately 0.008 kPa-1for a broader pressure range (2 – 12.25 kPa). Additionally, the durability of the pressure sensing devices has undergone rigorous testing, surpassing 2000 cyclic tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The reaction mechanism of ClO 2 oxidizing LCC was elucidated. • The degree of LCC degradation depends on the type of lignin structural units. • A reaction kinetic model of ClO 2 oxidation of LCC was established. • Provides a clear structure for the LCC present in pulp after ClO 2 oxidation. Lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCC) present a significant barrier to pulp purification, and their oxidation mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, chlorine dioxide (ClO 2), a common oxidant in the paper industry, was used to treat LCCs from various plant sources. The chemical composition, structural changes, and reaction kinetics of LCC were analyzed. After ClO 2 oxidation, the LC bonds connected to syringyl (S)-type lignin structural unit and FA/ p CA structures in LCC were effectively degraded, whereas those connected to guaiacyl (G) and p -hydroxyphenyl propane (H)-type units remained stable. Kinetic studies revealed that under conventional oxidation conditions, the degradation rates of LCCs from bagasse, bamboo, and eucalyptus were 0.40, 1.12, and 1.75, respectively, with consumption amounts of 6.23 mg, 10.92 mg, and 15.48 mg. The differences in the degree of LCC oxidative degradation were determined by the composition of lignin structural units. The findings provide theoretical support for the action mechanism of ClO 2 on LCCs during the pulp purification process, and offer important guidance for optimizing the pulp purification process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The flytrap-inspired soft actuator realizes sense-drive-feedback integration. • Large deformation (1.2 cm−1) and low voltage consumption (4 V) are achieved. • Objects can be sensed by the device with high sensitivity (3.22 kPa−1). • The device can sense (both weight and volume), grasp, and move the objects. • The device enables intelligent human–machine interaction. In recent years, soft actuators have attracted much attention due to their potential application in soft robots, artificial muscles, and human–machine interaction interfaces. However, it is still challenging to achieve intelligent integration of sensing and driving functions. Herein, inspired by natural flytrap, a novel soft intelligent actuator is developed based on sense-drive-feedback integration in response to pressure stimuli. The actuator is fabricated using MXene/CNT paper to construct sensing and driving modules. In terms of actuation, the Joule heating effect and heterogeneous composites endow the device with large deformation under low-power consumption. As for sensing, highly conductive MXene/CNT paper contributes to superior sensitivity over a large linear range. Thereon, a portable soft tactile actuator is constructed to grasp and manipulate objects based on manual operation. Moreover, a soft petal actuator that mimics the feeding action of flytrap was prepared to actively sense and grasp external objects, where its weight and size can also be reflected in real time. Furthermore, integration of the actuators with human hands can enable its real-time control via bending the fingers. Therefore, this study provides a significant paradigm to construct intelligent soft tactile actuators towards various practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We synthesized Tb3+-doped Cs 4 MnBi 2 Cl 12 perovskite crystals by the crystallization. These PCs have extremely strong PL intensity and stability at high temperatures, sunshine and low temperature. The Tb3+-doped Cs 4 MnBi 2 Cl 12 PCs have excellent luminescent properties and stability and can be used in luminous composite fibers and white LED devices field. [Display omitted] • Experiment under normal pressure environment, cost reduction and facile operation. • The Cs 4 Mn(Bi 1- x Tb x) 2 Cl 12 PCs have excellent stability in air. • The PCs have a excellent fluorescence performance with a PLQY of 25.45%. • The PCs were applied to ACFs/PPS composite paper with orange emission. • The composite paper can maintain stability in different real environments. In recent years, all-inorganic perovskites have attracted considerable research attention. However, the advancement of lead-based perovskites has encountered substantial challenges, redirecting current research efforts toward lead-free alternatives. In this study, we synthesized novel Cs 4 MnBi 2 Cl 12 perovskite crystals at 80 °C. Furthermore, Tb3+ ions were introduced to enhance the fluorescence properties and stability of the as-prepared perovskite crystals (PCs). The photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of Tb3+-doped PCs was 25.45 % (∼598 nm), making a two-fold increase compared with the original PCs. In the PCs, [BiCl 6 ]3− octahedrons serve as energy collectors, generating excitons, while [MnCl 6 ]4− octahedrons function as luminescence centers of the receptor. Owing to their entirely inorganic composition, the PCs exhibited exceptional stability under sunlight and across a wide range of temperatures. Finally, we applied the PCs to fiber composite paper and an light-emitting diode (LED) device, which retained their specific stability after the modification. The findings of this study offer nover insight for incorporating perovskites into fiber applications and optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Green utilization strategy of sludge with cost-effectiveness and availability. • In situ Ca-doped CDs prepared from paper mill sludge for solar-thermal conversion. • Ultra-high solar-thermal conversion efficiency up to 137.58% was achieved. • Achieved highly efficient (2.94 kg m-2h−1) and recyclable (20-cycles) evaporation. • Exact role of Ca-doping for solar-thermal conversion enhancement was revealed. Solar interface water evaporator (SIWE) based on waste-derived carbon dots (CDs) are highly promising for large-scale production applications in the future, due to their low-cost, eco-friendly, and tunable structure and properties. However, there are still obstacles, including limited performance, blind selection of waste materials, and unknown underlying mechanisms between waste properties and the physicochemical properties of derived CDs. In this study, a novel CDs-based wooden SIWE derived from paper mill sludge (PMS) was constructed (called ESCDs-wood). Under 1 sun, ESCDs rapidly heated up from 15.6 °C to 53.5 °C and reached stability within 10 mins. The solar-thermal conversion efficiency of ESCDs was as high as 137.58 %, and the ESCDs-wood achieved a high evaporation rate of 2.94 kg m-2h−1. Moreover, the ESCDs-wood cost about $9 to complete 1 m2 evaporation. Meanwhile, the ESCDs-wood exhibited long-term stability, after 20 cycles, its solar-thermal conversion efficiency and water evaporation rate remained at 84.21 % and 85.03 % of the initial test, respectively. Moreover, the Ca-doping was found to be a key factor in effectively enhancing the solar-thermal conversion and the thermal stability of ESCDs, and the exact role of Ca-doping on the solar-thermal conversion performance enhancement of CDs was validated and revealed. Therefore, this study not only constructed a cost-effectiveness, high performance, sustainability, chemical-free, and eco-friendly SIWE, but also innovatively proposed the functionalization mechanism of Ca-doping for CDs and thus provided a new sight for the targeted regulation and design of CDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Ru nanoparticles (NPs) anchored on heterointerface of 1 T-MoS 2 and carbon paper (Ru@1T-MoS 2 /CFP) is designed. • The Ru 2 @MoS 2 -85 %/CFP presents superb HER performance with overpotential of 19 mV and a low Tafel slope of 29 mV dec–1. • The strong interaction between 1 T-MoS 2 and OH* makes OH* migrate from Ru to MoS 2 , alleviating the poisoning of Ru sites. • Ru NPs close to the interface of 1 T-MoS2/CFP can achieve an optimal hydrogen adsorption energy for high HER performance. Ru is considered as highly efficient Pt-free catalyst in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to its fast water dissociation kinetics. However, its strong affinity to OH* and H* greatly limits its HER performance. Herein, Ru nanoparticles (NPs) anchored on the mixed substrates of MoS 2 (different 1T contents) and carbon fiber paper (Ru@MoS 2 -1T%/CFP) is designed and synthesized with three kinds of interfaces (MoS 2 /CFP, Ru/CFP, and Ru/MoS 2) as excellent electrocatalyst for HER. Particularly, the Ru 2 @MoS 2 -85%/CFP presents superb HER performance with overpotential of 19 mV at 10 mA cm−2, a low Tafel slope of 29 mV dec–1 and stability of up to 10 days, outperforming reported Ru-based catalysts and Pt/C. The experimental and DFT studies disclose that the hydroxyl migration-assisted dissociation of water and interface-engineering desorption of H 2 process, occurring at the mutually hybridized interface sites of Ru/MoS 2 /CFP, simultaneously speed Volmer/Tafel processes. Compared to Ru, the stronger interaction of 1T-MoS 2 to OH* makes OH* migrate from Ru to MoS 2 , alleviating the poisoning of Ru sites. Also, only Ru NPs close to the interface of 1T-MoS 2 /CFP can achieve an optimal hydrogen adsorption energy for high HER performance. This designed strategy provides a novel idea for preparing supported Ru catalysts for excellent HER performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vacancy engineering has repeatedly proven to be a powerful strategy for manipulating material properties. The important influence of selenium vacancies (V Se) on the physicochemical properties of rhenium diselenide (ReSe 2), exciting applications can be opened in areas such as catalysis and photoelectric devices. However, the effects of V Se on electronic structure, carrier lifetime, and electrochemical activity of ReSe 2 have remained inadequately explored and poorly elucidated. Herein, hydrothermal controlled growth of ReSe 2 with vacancy (V Se -ReSe 2) is used by different synthesis strategies, revealing its growth mechanism. An ethanol-assisted hydrothermal method based on carbon paper was used to adjust the V Se concentration by changing the time parameters. Mediated excitonic effects in the transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy and photoluminescence response of ReSe 2 regulated by V Se were characterized. The defect level (DL) leads V Se -ReSe 2 to produce a unique defect emission peak, and the V Se -mediated exciton dynamics problem was discussed. Moreover, the TA result of V Se -ReSe 2 shows that high V Se concentration prolongs carrier lifetime and causes high carrier separation efficiency and electron utilization. The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction of ReSe 2 catalyst revealed the ability of V Se concentration to regulate the electrochemical activity, which provides ideas for vacancy management catalyst performance. The presence of DL and the reduction of band gap are indicated by density functional theory, which confirms the regulatory effect of V Se concentration on the electronic structure of ReSe 2. This work proffers an optimal solution strategy for hydrothermal preparation of ReSe 2 , which demonstrates the feasibility of regulating electrochemical activity by vacancy engineering, and the excellent performance of V Se -ReSe 2 makes it show great potential in many fields such as water cracking and physical devices. [Display omitted] • A regulation strategy for the successful construction of V Se rich ReSe 2 nanoflowers was developed. • DFT investigated the reduction of the band gap and orbital contribution of ReSe 2 regulated by V Se. • Mediated excitonic effects in the TA and PL response of ReSe 2 regulated by V Se were analyzed. • The effectively regulate the HER activity of V Se -ReSe 2 were analyzed. Vacancy engineering is powerful for manipulating material properties. Selenium vacancies (V Se) exert significantly impact on the physicochemical properties of rhenium diselenide (ReSe 2), triggering applications in catalysis and photoelectric devices. However, the effects on electronic structure, carrier lifetime, and electrochemical activity are inadequately explored and poorly elucidated. Herein, hydrothermal-controlled growth of ReSe 2 with V Se is synthesized by different strategies. The ethanol-assisted hydrothermal method can adjust V Se concentration of ReSe 2 on carbon paper by time parameters. Mediated excitonic effects were characterized in the transient absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence of V Se -regulated ReSe 2. The defect level produces unique defect emission peak, and the V Se -mediated exciton dynamics problem was discussed. The transient absorption result shows that high V Se concentration can optimize carrier lifetime, carrier separation efficiency, and electron utilization. The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction of ReSe 2 catalyst revealed the electrochemical activity regulation by V Se concentration, which provides ideas for enhancing catalyst performance. Density functional theory result confirms the role of selenium vacancies in the regulation of the electronic structure of ReSe 2. This work proffers an optimal solution strategy for hydrothermal preparation of ReSe 2 , and demonstrates the feasibility of regulating electrochemical activity by vacancy engineering. The excellent performance is beneficial for water cracking and physical devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Bioinspired photonic system responds dynamically to humidity changes. • Scalable production of multicolor photonic papers at room temperature. • Hygroscopic active ink enables precise regional humidity response. • Color shifts from red to IR, green to golden, blue to green and UV to blue under humid conditions for encrypted printing. • Multilevel humidity responsiveness achieved by regulating ink pH. The proliferation of counterfeiting necessitates an urgent need for enhanced technique to safeguard the authenticity of sensitive items. Inspired by the elytra of Tmesisternus isabellae beetles, we designed a new synergistic humidity responsive photonic system (SHRPS) for security printing based on high quality photonic paper and active ink. The photonic paper itself is not sensitive to humidity; only the targeted areas activated by the active ink exhibit humidity responsiveness. We investigated factors influencing humidity responsiveness, including monomer composition, pH of active ink, and treatment period. We found the optimal monomer mixture contains 40% acrylic acid, and the active ink pH is 13. We also applied a scalable method to fabricate photonic paper, successfully overcome the challenge of large-scale fabrication of photonic crystals at room temperature. By integrating the perfect pair of SHRPS and inkjet printer, concealed information with various sizes and resolutions can be printed, invisible in ambient humidity and revealed by blowing air, presenting various humidity responsive ability of SHRPS for multilevel information encryption, which opens a new window for security printing system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ti sublayer affects the morphology and catalytic performances of the sputtered Ni film on carbon fiber paper in electrocatalytic hydrogenation of benzaldehyde, by increasing the adhesion strength between Ni and substrate, facilitating electron/ion transfer, and enriching the local concentration of hydronium ions. [Display omitted] • Magnetron sputtering was used to synthesize free-standing film electrocatalysts. • Working pressure during sputtering was altered to refine the nanoscale structures. • The Ti sublayer between Ni and CFP changes the surface morphology of Ni film. • The Ti sublayer facilitates electron/ion transfer and highly increases the activity. • In-situ IR study reveals Ti sublayer enriches local concentration of hydronium ions. Highly effective free-standing electrocatalysts are demanded to reduce biomass-oriented aldehydes to alcohols. Magnetron sputtering is efficient to produce film-based catalysts, but depositing transition metals on carbon fiber paper (CFP) faces the challenge of weak adhesion. Here we introduced a strategy with sputtered Ti as a sublayer to enhance the adhesion between Ni and CFP, and systematically studied the changes in morphology and catalytic performances. Different from the dense structure of Ni directly sputtered on CFP, the Ni on Ti sublayer demonstrates a column-channel architecture, and shows fast electron/ion transfer and stable structure during the reaction. Moreover, the microstructure of Ni film was further modified by regulating the working pressure during sputtering. The enhanced electrocatalytic performance with Ti sublayer is ascribed to the higher adhesion strength, the faster electron/ion transfer and the enriched local concentration of hydronium ions, which are confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and in-situ surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Electroreduction of CO 2 to formate was performed. • Electrooxidation of glucose to formate was performed. • A membrane electrode assembly system that combines CO 2 electroreduction with glucose electrooxidation was presented. • Coupling of CO 2 electroreduction of with glucose electrooxidation generated formate with high efficiency. Electrocatalytic reduction of CO 2 (CO 2 ER) coupled with the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is an energy-intensive process that generates low-value oxygen, limiting its industrial application. To overcome this limitation, here we report a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) system that combines CO 2 ER with glucose electrooxidation (GEOR) to simultaneously produce formate using bismuth subcarbonate and carbon nanotube hybrid (BOC-CNT) and nickel cobalt oxide decorated on carbon fiber paper (NCO-CFP) as the cathode and anode catalysts, respectively. The BOC-CNT catalyst showed excellent electrocatalytic performance for CO 2 ER to formate, affording a high FE HCOO - of 97.9 % with current density of 360 mA cm−2 at −0.77 V vs. RHE (-580 mV overpotential), and the NCO-CFP catalyst achieved GEOR at 0.99 V (vs. RHE) with FE HCOO - >98 %. The coupled CO 2 ER//GEOR MEA exhibits a low onset cell voltage of 1.20 V and reaches ultrahigh apparent Faraday efficiency of formate (>190 %) in a wide range from 1.8 to 2.4 V, achieving ∼ 33.3 % energy savings compared to CO 2 ER//OER with a high formate yield of 0.92 mol g-1h−1 at 100 mA cm−2. Besides, all generated formate can be collected from the electrolyte on the anode side due to the spontaneous migration of formate under electric field, thus reducing cross-contamination from CO 2 and alkaline electrolytes. In addition, the coupled CO 2 ER//GEOR system exhibited good electrocatalytic stability for at least 32 h. This strategy provides an innovative and promising approach for the co-electrolytic transformation of biomass derivatives and CO 2 to formate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]