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This paper establishes the shape function of high-pier with non-ideal boundary conditions in the top and uses the energy method to calculate its critical load. Then its effective length factor is achieved by using Euler's formula. Further, the FEM and energy method are respect used to calculate the effective length factor of the engineering example and comparative analysis is carried on. Results show that: The non-ideal boundary conditions have great influence on the effective length factor and should be considered in the calculation. The result from the formula of energy method is nearly the same as the one from the FEM which demonstrates this method is of good accuracy to calculate the effective length factor of high-pier. In addition, it is also of great convenience in the design of high-piers.

Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic composites are used for pipes, high pressure vessels, aircrafts, automobiles, sport goods and Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic composites are used for pipes, high pressure vessels, aircrafts, automobiles, sport goods and structural applications due to their high corrosion resistance, high specific strength, low density, low coefficient of thermal expansion, durability, low maintenance and low cost. This paper presents the development and mechanical testing of filament wound Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic composite hollow cylindrical components. In this present work, Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic composite hollow cylindrical components were manufactured by helical filament winding process. ASTM: D2584 standard test method for ignition loss of cured reinforced resins was conducted on the specimen to determine the fiber to resin ratio. The tensile test was conducted as per ASTM: D638 standard. The three point flexural test was conducted as per ASTM: D790 standard. The hoop tensile strength test was conducted as per ASTM: D2290 standard. The external loading characteristics were determined by conducting the ASTM: D2412 standard test. The tensile strength and flexural strength in the axial direction are 50.76 MPa and 425.46 MPa respectively. The hoop tensile strength and the parallel-plate loading (Compression) stiffness are 156.33 MPa and 2750 N/mm respectively.

Development of cracks is the most common cause of premature deterioration in structures. For the design of reinforced concrete structures, crack width is one of the most important factors to be considered. It also affects the serviceability of reinforced concrete members. This paper presents the experimental study on crack width evaluation of R.C beams and comparison with various international codes. Following international codes: Eurocode2 1992-1 (2009), Egyptian Code ECP203-2007, ACI Code 318-95, 318-05, BS 8110-1997/IS: 456-2000 was used to calculate the crack width for comparison purpose.

The process of twin-roll casting including pouring, solidifying, rolling and cooling can be accomplished in a very short time. Consequently, some important process parameters in the twin-roll casting that are difficult to be obtained in experiment can be acquired using numerical simulation. In this paper, a numerical simulation based on a 2D finite element model of vertical twin-roll strip casting of magnesium alloy has been conducted, and the thermal stress fields are significantly discussed. The influences of key process parameters consisting of submerged nozzle depth and nozzle spray angle have been studied. The thermal cracks on the surface of the strip are analysed according to the thermal stress distribution. © (2012) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

The real salt cores from drill-site was regarded as the prototype in this experiment. They are used to simulate solution mining process of salt caverns. In this paper the mathematical model of solution mining wasset up.Experimental parameters are obtained by similarity ratio. Afternumerous experiments on the artificial salt rock model,the results show that thecontrol experimental parametersand the references design are effective.This researchhas some guidance on field engineering of solution mining construction.

This paper presents the effect of surface roughness on soft elastohydrodynamic lubrication in circular contact with non-Newtonian lubricant. The time independent modified Reynolds equation, elastic equation and lubricant viscosity equation were formulated for compressible fluid. Perturbation method, Newton-Raphson method, finite different method and full adaptive multigrid method were implemented to obtain the film pressure, film thickness profiles and friction coefficient in the contact region at various the amplitude of surface roughness, surface speed of sphere, modulus of elasticity and radius of sphere. The simulation results showed that the film thickness in contact region depended on the profile of surface roughness. The minimum film thickness decreased but maximum film pressure and friction coefficient increase when the amplitude of surface roughness and modulus of elasticity increased. For increasing surface speeds, the minimum film thickness and friction coefficient increase but maximum film pressure decreases. When radius of sphere increases, the minimum film thickness increases but maximum film pressure and friction coefficient decrease.

Image is the unity structure and texture, structure reflects to the contours and the boundaries between different regions in the image, and the texture is a reflection of the details within an area in the image, therefore the optimal restoration effect can not be achieved if structure or texture is considered separately during the process of image restoration. In order to solve the problems above, the corresponding solution proposed in this paper is as follows: first, the structural characteristics of the image to be repaired are obtained by using pulse coupled neural network; then both the textural features and the structural features are taken into consideration simultaneously when it comes to the priority of the image restoration as well as the calculation of the optimal sample block. It can be seen from the experimental results that the algorithm described herein can effectively improve the quality of image restoration.

In the cement production process, cement quality is the most important indicator. One way to measure the quality of the cement is the cement particle size. Only the cement particle size is symmetrical and the specific surface area could reach the national standard that this kind of cement is qualified products. In actual production, the specific surface area is tested in laboratory through experiment. This process takes a long time, and the instantaneous value of specific surface area can not be got. This paper, auxiliary variables coming from the practical production site are used to get an instantaneous value through fuzzy control algorithm and other rules. VC++ 6.0 is used to program this algorithm. After a long period of actual operation, this method is proved to be effective, the instantaneous specific surface area is got and the precision is acceptable. This could guide the operator to change parameters of the equipment timely. This could be widely used and is easy to spread.

New U (moment) implements the optimum water section of rectangular slot structure, besides all advantages of the traditional U and T-shaped slot in the canal seepage, also has advantages of reducing covers area of higher performance and price ratio. The kind of canal seepage control structure is upgrading products of the traditional U and T-shaped slot. In this paper, through design research on new U (moment) slot structure, giving U (moment) slot structure size, it can provide technical support for the product development of new type U (moment).

Audio and video technology, multimedia technology and computer network technology are used in the stage video surveillance and scheduling system based on IP network, which is modern stage surveillance system.The stage video surveillance and scheduling system plays a decisive role in performance, so the performance of the key equipments must be apprehended.In this paper, the components of the system are briefly introduced;then analyze needed of the pivotal equipments in detail: network video, streaming media server and the IP SAN performance.

Most common types of bucket wheels were analyzed by finite elements method in this paper. Also, relevant diagnostics parameters are defined for various constructions (stress concentration, deformation energy, distribution of potential and kinetic energy for main oscillation shapes). This approach enabled identification of weak spots and selection of such types of bucket wheel which are most suitable for specific working conditions on open cast mine.

IP traceback can be used to confirm locations of attackers, stop on-going attacks, and take legal actions against attackers, and then impede attackers. This paper describes the background where IP traceback problem generates, and presents what the functions of IP traceback are. Furthermore, this paper classifies existing IP traceback methods and analyzes advantages and disadvantages of each method. In addition, future researches on IP traceback are proposed. This paper is of valuable reference for network researchers and engineers to be engaged in the further study on IP traceback.

It is difficult to obtain fine weld seam of underwater welding because of the water environment, this paper used arc sensor to obtain electrical information of the under water wet welding process, and BP neural network was used to model the process, experiment results showed the model could predict the process precisely, this laid the foundation for further controlling the welding quality automatically.

The traction motor installed on the high-speed train is powered by inverter. A large number of harmonics may appear when motor is operating. Then the motor speed generate oscillation and finally the dynamic characteristic is affected in vehicle system. In this paper, relied on the electromagnetism of traction motor, the mechanism about emerging harmonic torque is analyzed. In addition, based on the equivalent circuit, the method of calculating the parameters in harmonic circuit is proposed. Two mathematical formulas are also proposed to obtain the fundamental electromagnetic torque and the harmonic electromagnetic torque on traction motor. The time domain and frequency domain distributions of the torques are gained and analyzed. Finally a calculation example of traction motor harmonic torque was analyzed and calculated, and prepared for further study of harmonic torque impacting on vehicle system dynamic performance.

FRC technology mainly uses the visual inertia of human eyes which can be regarded as persistence of vision phenomenon by sequential frames. It is especially important to make the 6 bit panel display abundant colors. The paper has deeply researched some possible stripes of the FRC algorithm caused by fixed pattern. A novel stripe removable algorithm has been brought up. It can effectively avoid the horizontal, vertical or diagonal stripe by displaying different temporal and spatial patterns. Various experiments show that the novel algorithm can display high resolution image in the lowly variety devices.

The paper presents a non conventional technique to predict the constitutive behavior of materials by assessing the true stress–true strain relationship through miniature specimen tests. The miniature test was conducted on two different types of steel ring specimens (outer diameter14mm, inner diameter 8mm, thickeness 0.5mm) with V-notch (1mm depth) added diametrically to it. A finite element model was developed and validated to calculate the load–deflection curve obtained from the miniature specimen experiment. The constitutive behavior assigned to the specimen for the calculations was determined from the standard tensile test. Using an inverse methodology, it was possible to show that the constitutive behavior from the miniature tests using inverse FE procedure, and that from the conventional standard ASTM test bears close resemblance.

This paper puts forward the suitable conditions of high sulphur fuel oil in China wire mesh particle trap counter blowing regeneration technology. The regeneration process is characterized by the filter body is separated from particle combustion, solve the problem of broken filter body and burning-out, at the same time remove the not burning material in the trap. By filtering body regeneration experiment made the counter blowing regeneration scheme, design and optimization of the diesel exhaust particulate trap wire mesh filter body and counter blowing regeneration system. Finally by engine bench test, test the diesel exhaust particulate after-treatment device influence on power performance and fuel economy of diesel engine, the jet pressure, jet time and scavenging time on back and collection efficiency effect.

This paper has studied the classification of investment risks in IT projects, and got 5 categories of investment risks, which can be subdivided into 14 kinds. Then established the IT project investment risk evaluation model based on ANP and made empirical analysis on it with Super Decision Software. The results we got offered a reference for IT project investment risk management.

Steel belt of buffer structure with plastic deformation, employed in vertical shaft lifting as a overwind protection device, is simple and of convenient maintenance. Steel strip bends large deformation and wear when passing through buffer structure, which will damage the buffer strip, and reduce its initial strength as well. This paper focuses on the influence of steel strip thickness and pressure roller diameter on the deformation of steel belt by applying the finite element simulation, to provide theoretical basis for reliability design of the steel strip.

Communication based train control system as a train control system is designed to ensure driving safety, the system description and system function of the real environment is driven by different types of data. Data security is an important component part of CBTC system security, the dynamic data as interactive data within the system is more important influence on system safety, it is necessary to put forward the formal modeling for dynamic data security verification. This paper puts forward a kind of dynamic data security verification method for train control system based on UPPAAL. The unified modeling language (UML) is adopted to train control scene modeling analysis, through model transformation method to convert the UML sequence diagram to timed automata model, using UPPAAL validation tool for train control scenario simulation analysis, through dynamic data to meet security constraint conditions shows that the dynamic data security.

A compliant abrasive tool is investigated in this paper. By the polishing experiment of this abrasive tool, the technique of polishing the large mould free-form surface is acquired. The polishing experiments about the elastic abrasive tool are carried out, which indicates that the abrasive tool has the advantages of the high efficiency, the elasticity and compliant performance. The relation of the deflection and polishing force is investigated and it is concluded that they is approximately linearity. The effect of polishing pressure on the surface roughness is researched by experiment. Polishing quality for the edge of abrasive tool was investigated and presented. These experiment results provide significant foundation for planning polishing path and controlling process parameters to achieve good surface roughness and high efficiency in the next research.

To achieve sustainable product realization, three essential areas namely end-of-line management, green supply chain and sustainable manufacturing have to be considered during the design/development phase. A framework for product realization (presented as objective-mean hierarchy) is proposed in this paper with the help of decomposition-based approach to serve as a guideline for product development companies/firms to improve their environmental strategies by prescribing the key areas and necessary considerations to be scrutinized.

High performancesteels (HPS) require low yield ratio, high uniform elongation and high low temperature impact toughness in addition to higher strength. In this paper,experimental steelswere produced by controlled rolling and tempering to meet high performance requirements. Itwasconcluded that experimental steels by controlled rolling and tempering had similar performance with quenched and tempered steel (QT).

When we drive vehicle on expressway in the mountainous areas, there are many factors affecting driving safety. Especially when we drive at a high speed, pneumatic lateral force under the effect of horizontal wind will cause wheels cornering and unsteady steering, which affects the safety of driving. Based on the driving characteristics on the section of expressway with crosswind in mountainous areas, and three security issues that are vehicle roll, cornering and sideslip under the action of crosswind, this paper gives the various speed limit and proposes effective measures to ensure traffic safety, all of which can offer decision-making basis for traffic safety administration of the mountain expressway.

Accurate prediction of aquatic product prices can improve the quality of business strategy of aquatic product market. Case-based reasoning (CBR) systems have long been intensively used in several areas of artificial intelligence. But it is difficult to cluster similar cases from case bases as there are uncertainties in knowledge representation, attribute description and similarity measures in CBR. To increase the efficiency and reliability of CBR, fuzzy theories have been combined with CBR. In this paper, fuzzy case-based reasoning (FCBR) has been developed to forecast the price of aquatic products.

In order to improve the accuracy of the-5-DOF-hybrid robot motion control, it is necessary to establish a mathematical model of the error in the interpolation process. On the basis of the structure characteristics of five degrees of freedom hybrid robot and the algorithm of linear interpolation and circular interpolation, the error calculation patterns about the concave surface machining and convex surface machining are set up respectively in the paper. Then, examples are analyzed. The results show that the nonlinear error caused by using the straight-line interpolation method is much smaller than the normal vector rotation error and linear approximation error; when conducting surface machining, the error caused by the application of circular interpolation algorithm is less than linear interpolation error. By the comparison of the error analysis of different interpolation method, the control methods for reducing errors are proposed.

Urban rail transit is occupying assume an increasingly important role in urban traffic areas as a means of urban public transport. This paper will analyze the various factors impacting the subway fares, and research the relationship between all the factors based on system dynamics, ultimately some suggestions formulated.

To quickly predict the performance of the seat in frontal crash during the initial stage of the seat development, in this paper a simplified coupled dynamic model of seat-passenger interaction is established according to the dynamics analysis method of Lagrange, and the fourth order Runge-Kutta method is used to resolve differential equation. Moreover, the simulation of Madymo testifies the simplified coupled dynamic model of seat-passenger interaction in frontal crash. Therefore, this model will be effective and feasible in predicting the performance of the seat in frontal crash during the initial stage of the seat development, for example, the performance of anti-submarining protection.

In this paper, a novel approach of linear octree is employed to represent discrete tools and build their swept volumes along machining trajectories. Firstly, a data structure of linear octree is defined as the base of geometrical transformations. The linear octree can be extended into leaf nodes in the deepest level for simplifying homogeneous transformations, and all leaf nodes in the deepest level can also be concentrated into a linear octree for saving storage capacity inversely. Secondly, tool trajectories are interpolated as short lines, and swept volumes between neighbor interpolation points are defined as the Minkowski sum of their cell sets at both locations. Thirdly, equations of the rotation matrix for local coordinate system, roll, pitch and yaw angles of tool orientations are established to define the global rotation motions. Finally, a case of discrete sphere tool and its swept volume modeling are studied to validate the proposed approach.

The identifying accuracy of crowd formation recognition models are typically tailored to the type of structure of model, or a specific scene domain. In this paper, we explore the sub-optimal structure of crowd formation model with K2 algorithm. Experimental results show that the recognition model structure taking into account at most two parents performs better than others on a data set generated from Xidan Commercial Street.

Fault occurred in transmission line can cause many problems such as failure of equipment, instability in power flow, and economical losses. Many of the techniques proposed for fault classification in transmission line have applied steady state component as it is easily affected by the surroundings. Then, protection scheme based on fault generated transient that can offer an accurate result for fault classification in power system should be proposed. This paper presents the fault classification scheme using Fuzzy-KNN (Fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbor) classifier and wavelet features. Two wavelet features were calculated in this study which are Wavelet Mean (μ) and Wavelet Standard Deviation (σ). Then, the Fuzzy-KNN classifier was tested with three datasets categories: Ideal, 30 dB noise, and 20 dB noise datasets. The overall results in accuracy performance show that the Fuzzy-KNN classifier performed better than the KNN (k-Nearest Neighbor) classifier.

In this paper, according to actual power demands of the bus, its powertrain was designed. In this process, the lowest oil consumption was the goal on the foundation of meeting basic power need. The co-simulation with Plug-in vehicle model was realized in Cruise, using the control strategy model which was established by the Stateflow in Simulink. Simulation results indicated that modified Plug-in hybrid electric bus not only can reach the expectant power indictors, but also improve the fuel economy. So, this research played a leading role in the design and research of hybrid buses’ parameters

the seismic intensity and acceleration attenuation relationship of the field were studied used the method of regression and conversion analysis based on its macrograph intensity data in this paper, and the earthquake wave of the field with the 10% exceedance probability in the following 50 years was gained to carry out the dynamic triaxial test with sampled from Xia Da Lu village, Xi Ji county of Ning Xia Province, to research the effect of axes and surround dynamic load ratio, and damnification of loess strength induced by the stochastic seismic wave. The result shown that when the axes and surround dynamic load ratio k with a small value, the change of k could induce the transformation of loess strength limitedly, but along with the accretion of k, the bigger dynamic stress need to produce certain deformation, and if k>1, accompany with the increase of deviatonic stress, the smaller dynamic stress need. In addition, action of earthquake should damnify the framework of loess and reduce its shear strength in condition of lower concretion pressure, and the degree of reducing strength increased with the increase of amplitude of dynamic load, but if the sample in condition of higher concretion pressure, the bigger dynamic load should make the sample denser, produce bigger residual deformation and with higher shear strength.

When using the traditional AHP to evaluate the system,the method of endow with weight is to request expert build the judgment matrix of every hierarchies. The method is over-subjective for its overdependence on expert system. In view of this, this paper puts forward an analytic hierarchy process method based on the cask theory. This method penalizes the index whose index value is too low to having a strong impact on overall system performance. Using this method achieves the goal of reducing the subjectivity. Finally, according to the example, this method’s superiority is proved.

With the rapid development of network technology, applications based on web especially in higher education are paid attention by the people day by day. Network education as the construction of open education system, more and more get the attention of education workers. This paper discusses the university student thought political education network platform to build, opened up a new carrier of the teachers and students to exchange and communication with the new channel. The platform to break the traditional mode of ideological and political education in time and space constraints, improve the teaching efficiency and quality, to achieve real quality education and the flexible personalized education, cultivate qualified builders and successors for socialism has very important significance.

One kind of structure condition identification method based on Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is proposed in this paper. The change of structure condition is identified by the feature index extracted from structure vibration signals. It is effectual to identify the structure condition by transforming the test signals into the statistic characteristic space. The correlation coefficient is introduced to measure the correlative degree between the statistical characteristic of two structure conditions and the damage characteristic extraction index based on ICA is constructed. Considering the structure actual situation, assume the undamaged condition or small damaged condition as the benchmark condition. The analysis of structure vibration experiment indicate that the ICA characteristic index can identify the difference between damaged and benchmark condition and this method of ICA is practicable.

For the problems of obscure demand of users, insufficiency and difficulty in correct acquisition in the process of knowledge retrieval, this paper combines with basic theory of interactive genetic algorithm to discuss its application model in the process of requirement and acquisition of knowledge retrieval. And then, it uses the interactive information produced in the retrieval process to make improvement on matching method based on concept map. It uses the interactive information produced in the retrieval process to calculate weight of users to search concept, which enhances the knowledge matching efficiency of concept map. Through test, it compares that intelligent knowledge retrieval system based on ontology has double advantages with high intelligence and efficiency.

The method using Born-Jordan transformation has been developed for the evaluation of response signals obtained by rail fastening analysis. In the paper the laboratory measurements and dynamic parameters analyses of flexible fastening of Vossloh SKL14 type have been descripted. This method can also be used for designing new fastening systems and their parts, for comparison of various rail fastening types and so on.

With the development of computer graphics, real-time rendering-based VF: technology has been applied in more and more fields. LOD is the key technology in large-scale terrain rendering. In this paper, the basic concept of LOD is introduced briefly and some algorithms of LOD in use are mentioned and analyzed; secondly as one of algorithms of LOD, View-Dependent Progressive Mesh algorithm is studied and improved, the result of implementing the large-scale terrain’s LOD by using VDPM is presented. There are key technologies in LOD Large-scale terrain real-time rendering are researched. Relative technologies are presented such as: LOD of the terrain, visibility culling, and cracks eliminate, view-dependent refine, LOD error, technologies of texture etc. Using LOD technology, VR system can greatly reduce the; number of polygons produced in real-time rendering procedure. Finally, we do experimental design work based on the methods and techniques presented by this paper.

We propose a novel adaptive fast learning (AFL) algorithm for two-dimensional principal component analysis (2DPCA) in this paper. As opposite to conventional PCA which is based on 1D data vectors, 2DPCA is based on 2D image matrices and thus has higher accuracy than conventional PCA when applied to applications such as face recognition, facial expression recognition, palmprint recognition, etc. Our proposed AFL algorithm simultaneously estimates both eigenvectors and corresponding eigenvalues, and then adaptively sets the learning rate parameters of neurons to ensure all neurons learning with almost the same fast speed. Requiring no image covariance matrix evaluation, the desired multiple eigenvectors of 2DPCA can thus be learned effectively in the form of weight vectors of neurons. The proposed AFL algorithm can also be applied to learning for T-2DPCA. Simulation experiments performed on face database such as the YaleB database clearly demonstrate that the proposed AFL algorithm performs very well and thus is a very effective computational tool for both 2DPCA and T-2DPCA.

Combined extrusion-forging is used in the manufacturing of a wide range of engineering components. Due to the complexity of the forming process and because of so many process variables, it is difficult to predict the forming load required to manufacture a given component. It is very costly to conduct different trail runs to know the metal flow patterns, and for redesigning of tool and die setup, etc. The present paper deals with the Finite element analysis of combined forward and backward extrusion-forging process for the product shape socket wrench. Two types of socket wrenches, Square-square type and hexagon-square type have been taken for the present analysis. The modelling has been done by using 3D modelling software CATIA and simulation through the Finite element based package DEFORM 3D software. The forming load can be estimated by the results obtained from the Finite element analysis through DEFORM 3D software.

In this study, three commercially available innerwears were collected from the market. Their moisture management properties were measured. Experimental results revealed that the fibre content played an important role in affecting the moisture management properties of the innerwears.

Wavelet is a kind of mathematics tool rapid development in recent years and widely used in various areas of technology, Wavelet analysis of image processing is the most widely used and mature areas. Wavelet change based on the features, Using Matlab software, this paper analyses the wavelet in image decomposition, denoising, compression, reconstruction, etc . Concluded that the wavelet transform for image processing have ideal effect.

This paper studies respectively from the degree of prestress, the grade of concrete strength and the eccentricity, considers the different effects under the influence of different factors, at last gets the most reasonable material parameters.

Now, the aspect-oriented software development is placed in the initial phase. For the nature of dynamic weaving, it is difficult to test the aspect-oriented dynamic weavings. The methods of the object-oriented testing and the procedure-oriented testing can not be applied in the dynamic weaving testing. In this paper, it analyzes the properties of the dynamic weaving, and induces the constraints in the dynamic weaving. Then, it regards the dynamic weavings as the processes piling the crosscutting concerns up the core concerns, and gives the formation concepts of the dynamic weaving. Following, it appends the weaving semantics to the sequence diagrams, and gives the constraints testing of the dynamic weavings based on the sequence diagrams. This method can give the testing cases through the dynamic weaving designs directly. It solves the transition-problem from the aspect-oriented design to the aspect-oriented testing in some manner.

In order to enhance the automation and safety of vehicle, the application of computer technology to the automobile control system has increasingly become a trend. In this paper, the TMS320LF2407 produced by TI Corporation is employed as the microprocessor controller and gateway, which constitute a two-speed CAN communication and control network designed for the automobile control system. Then a specific design plan of application of Two-Speed BUS in automobile control system is elaborated. Through this two-speed CAN bus technique in the vehicle control system, the overall system data sharing is achieved and the performance and security of vehicle control system are improved.

PHB (Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate) has been widely in the areas of industrial packaging, pharmacy and agriculture. Currently, its production cost, especially in extraction and purification are high. A moderate halophilic bacterium was used for PHB synthesis and an aqueous extraction method based on osmotic downshock was investigated in this paper to further improve the extraction efficiency. PHB synthesised by moderate halophile with certain NaCl concentration can be released with cell lysis by osmotic downshock. Meanwhile the high temperature, ultrasonic and SDS (Sodium dodecyl sulfate) can enhance the release. After 48 h of fermentation, the production of PHB by Halomonas salina was 6.5 g/L. The extraction rate of PHB was 24.6% with osmotic downshock and 35.4% with additional ultrasonic assistance at 65 °C. A further addition of 0.5% SDS made the extraction rate increase to 75.4%. Thereinto, the addition of 6% NaCl had significantly improved the aqueous extraction rate to 92.3%.

Separable words have important applications in many fields such as Chinese information processing, Chinese-English translation, teaching Chinese as a foreign language. There are about five thousand separable words distribute in the corpus of Chinese, and the word frequency is greater in the novel, so the study on identification of separable words is significant. This paper selects the higher discrete frequency of verb-object separable words as the object of the study, by examining the manifestation of extended components in different separable words and giving summary and detailed classification of the extended components on the large-scale corpus, a new approach is designed based on the words segmentation and the structure type of extended component. According to the experiments of identification mark to separable words of verb-object type, the average recall is 89.54% and the average precision is 87.43% in open test. The experimental results show that the method is effective.

Free-space methods for EMC antenna calibrations at Open Area Test Site (OATS) are not suitable for monopole antennas because of corresponding large wavelengths. The Equivalent Capacitor Substitution Method (ECSM) is adopted in ANSI and CISPR standards. One of major uncertainty factors of ECSM is the accuracy of capacitance. A novel capacitance extraction method based on full-wave impedance modelling is proposed in this paper, which is more accurate than conventional analytical formulae and experienced values, especially for practical monopole antennas, with a telescopic rod, or with a finite ground plane. A projection based model order reduction method is then utilized to achieve a compact macro-model. The capacitance value can be determined from the input impedance which is given by the macro-model output. The scheme and computational methodology of a developed calculation tool are introduced, together with some practical calibration data which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

As an important means of virtual reality, image-based virtual space has become the key technology of strategy implementation of Digital Earth and Digital City, and the authenticity of walkthrough simulation is the focus of image-based virtual space systems. In this paper, we first analyzed the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing virtual space, and then proposed image array interpolation method. We inserted image array between adjacent scenes, and loaded it within the set time at the change of the scenes to achieve smooth transition. Finally, we designed and a free image-based virtual space system based on ArcGIS Server and Flex. The results show that this method is feasible and generally applicable.