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In this study, 12 commercially available paper towels were collected from the local market. Their tensile properties were investigated by Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F). Four tensile properties namely: (i) extensibility (EMT), (ii) tensile energy (WT), (iii) tensile resilience (RT) and (iv) linearity of WT (LT) were evaluated. Experimental results revealed that the tensile properties varied within the products. EMT was used as the key property for discussing the tensile properties of paper towels. However, when the different tensile properties were correlated, it was found that WT/RT, WT/EMT and RT/EMT had strong Pearson correlation. In addition, there was no significant statistically relationship between weight and thickness to EMT. Based on this study, it can provide some information about the tensile properties of paper towels in local market which may help the industry for further improving the product quality.

Noise pollution is a workplace hazard which causes loss of hearing, depending on the sound pressure level and duration of exposure. Because duration of exposure is usually uncontrollable, sound absorbers are used to reduce the value of sound pressure level. A common method to reduce noise is to use porous sound absorbers made out of mineral wools or glass fibres. However, these materials pose health risks and are non-recyclable. This project aimed to fabricate a sound absorber using recycled paper which is in the form of egg cartons as an alternative to the abovementioned fibres. Paper fibres posses high fibre porosity and can be manufactured in a manner which the properties can be easily controlled, making them ideal to be made into sound absorbers. Furthermore, they are biodegradable, do not pose health risks and can be manufactured into different shapes easily. Recycled paper was first turned into pulp, blended and poured into moulds. Different amounts of pulp was compressed until the sample size was approximately 20 mm thick and then dried in a furnace dryer at 600C for 12 hours. The samples were tested using a two-microphone, transfer function impedance tubes according to the ISO 10534-2 standard. Its porosity was determined using a modified wash basin method. The results indicate that the optimum panel has an average noise reduction coefficient, (NRC) of 0.50, which qualifies it to be used as a sound absorbing material. It also encounters its maximum value of 0.98 which occurred at the 1575-1675 Hz range. When compared to other materials, recycled paper has similar properties as coir fibre and is quite comparable to other commercial sound absorbers at the same thickness.

The influence of coating layer structure on both physical and printing quality of the paper was studied. Different coating layers were obtained by changing the ratio of polyvinyl alcohol adhesives and silicon dioxide pigments in the coating formula. Then the structure, physical properties and ink-jet printing performance of the coated paper were measured. The influences of coating structure on physical properties and ink-jet printing performance were evaluated. The results showed that as the ratio of adhesive increased, the coating porosity decreased; the average pore diameter increased at first and then decreased, but in general tended to decrease; the initial drop contact angle increased, which testified the stronger hydrophobicity of the coated surface with higher adhesive ratio. The average pore diameter has a negative linear correlation with paper roughness while has a positive linear correlation with air permeability. The larger the average pore diameter, the greater the density values, as well as the better tone reproduction and the larger color gamut range. Average pore diameter also has a weak correlation with dot area and dot roundness.

The waste corrugated paper was grinded to paper pulp first, and then the paper pulp was used to prepare the foamed waste paper pulp/high density polyethylene（HDPE）composites by compression molding with HDPE. The Rosand double-barrel capillary rhepmeter was used to research the influences of the blowing agent AC(Azodicarbonamide) content，waste paper pulp content，temperature and different blowing agent on the melt of the composites. Scanning electron microscopy（SEM）was also used to observe the effects of different contents of AC and waste paper pulp on the cell morphologies.The results showed that: when the shear rate up to 600 S-1，the melt performs of the foamed waste paper pulp/ HDPE composites were pseudoplastic flow, and turn up wall slip phenomenon. The viscosity of melt was significantly reduced with the content of AC increased, but it increased with the content of the waste paper pulp increased. When the shear rate reduced to 275 S-1 or below, the viscosity of melt reduced as the temperature riased; while when the shear rate went up to 275 S-1 or high, the viscosity of melt increased as the temperature riased. When the shear rate reduced to 325 S-1 or below, the melt of endothermic blowing agent （NaHCO3）showed the highest viscosity; when the shear rate went up to 325 S-1 or high, the melt of exothermic blowing agent AC shows the highest viscosity. The number of cell increased and size of cell became smaller with the AC content increased , but the number of cell reduced and the size of cell became larger with the content of waste paper pulp increased observing by SEM.

Impregnated paper for plywood formwork is an important material for the production of plywood formwork. It was developing with plywood formwork and the market had been expanding. Absorption and wet strength are main factors which can effects on the property of impregnated paper. In this paper, mechanical chemical pulp and waste paper were used to make special impregnated paper for formwork. The ratio of EMP, dosage of aid, and operation conditions were discussed. The result showed that the absorption was improved by increasing ratio of EMP, adding agent, drying quickly, and lighter pressure. A certain ratio of AOCC is necessary to ensure strength. The paper also discussed the difference of white spot between bamboo plywood formwork and plywood formwork which indicated that white spot caused by waste paper .However, it wasn’t damage the quality of structures.

Biopolymers have the potential to serve as coating materials for paper to improve its performance properties. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of kelp coating on the physical properties of coated papers. It was found that kelp coated paper showed significant difference on physical properties, compared with uncoated. Kelp coated papers greatly increased in tensile strength. Paper coated with kelp solution can be used to produce packages with the potential to be used to maintain agricultural produce quality for the food industry, and may have other applications.

The aim of this work is to study the influence of beating and refining as well as the fibre furnish on the properties of silk paper, such as air permeance, softness, pore size, tensile index and burst index. The results showed that the beating characteristic of silk fibre was similar to that of plant fibre, they all had the characteristic of fibrillation. Silk paper had excellent softness and air permeance when the beating degree of silk pulp was 20 °SR, 181.3 μm/Pa·s and 2.5 mN·m2/g respectively, which was superior to paper made from plant fibres of the same beating degree. The minimum average pore size of silk paper was 5.11 μm at the beating degree of 20 °SR, and it decreased with the increase of beating degree, reached 0.79 μm at the beating degree of 67 °SR. With the increase of beating degree, the tensile index of silk paper increased at first, and then decreased. The burst index of silk paper showed a upward trend, but the softness and air permeance of it constantly decreased. The tensile strength of paper made from mixed-furnish pulp consisting of silk and softwood reached the maximum when the amount of silk fibre was 4%, and its air permeance increased with the increase of silk fibre.

Biocomposites sheets were prepared by compression molding from mixtures of corn starch plasticized by glycerol as matrix and cellulose fibers, extracted from used office paper, as reinforcement filler with contents ranging from 0 to 8% wt/wt of fibers to matrix. Properties of composites were determined by mechanical tensile test, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, water absorption measurement, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that higher fibers content raised the tensile strength and elastic modulus up to 109% and 112%, respectively, when compared to the non-reinforced thermoplastic starch (TPS). The addition of the fibers improved the thermal resistance and decreased the water absorption up to 63.6%. Scanning electron microscopy illustrated a good adhesion between matrix and fibers.

Magnetic stripe cards and magnetic recording paper are commonly used in credit cards, identity cards, and transportation tickets. Barium ferrite was used to prepare magnetic inks and the magnetic ink was coated onto the paper substrate to obtain the magnetic papers. The crystal structure of barium ferrite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the magnetic property of barium ferrite was tested by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) The performance of the magnetic recording paper and the surface morphology of the coating magnetic layer were also characterized. The results show that the magnetic ink based on barium ferrite with the formula of 41wt% of the barium ferrite powder, 14wt% of polyurethane, 36wt% of solvent and 9wt% of PVP has good printing characteristics and the magnetic recording papers have good performance.

In order to investigate the influence of coating layer characteristics on the dynamic permeability and printing of ink-jet paper, coating was prepared by the precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and white latex used as bottom coating (recipe label:A,B),and coating formula was made by silica (SiO2) and polyvinyl alcohol used as surface coating (recipe label:a,b,c).Then paper were coated respectively on single bottom, single surface and multilayer. Then the dynamic permeability and printing of ink-jet paper were analyzed systematically. The results showed that whether single layer or multilayer, the values of Ct, Ci were minimum when the ration of pigment and adhesive was 70:30, because the hole diameter of the coating layer was smallest, and the absorption was strongest, so the dynamic permeability was best, and the ability of ink absorption was best, color density and tone reproducibility were best. It concluded that when the proportion of SiO2 and PVA was 70:30, the dynamic permeability and printing ability of ink-jet paper were relative better.

The experiment studied effects of paper on the height and glossiness of UV ink-jet 3D printing. The results showed that there all existed penetrations between the 1st ink layer and three kinds of paper, the bigger the roughness and bulk of paper were, the larger the penetration was, and penetration between the 1st ink and paper was obviously larger than that between two ink layers. Penetration between two ink layers was stable, almost not affected by paper. The bigger the roughness and bulk of paper were, the smaller the glossiness of ink layer was. There appeared directional ink strips on ink layer on three kinds of paper, beginning from the 3rd ink layer, there also appeared ink pits on ink layer on paper whose roughness and bulk were the biggest, which showed printer precision was also an important factor for the glossiness, apart from paper. Thus, the tight and smooth paper should be selected in UV ink-jet 3D printing. Before printing, pretreatment should be done to exclude the influence of the 1st ink layer and the ink strips.

The composite SiOx/polymer films are deposited as a top-coatings onto the paper substrates by radio frequency (RF) reactive magnetron co-sputtered two targets, silica and dicyclopentadiene dioxide cured with maleic anhydride (DCPD/MA).The samples prepared by changing PSiO2/PDCPD/MA, the ratio of RF powers density delivered to the individual target from 0.1 to 10 so as to prepare different SiOxcontent coatings. The wettability, mechanical properties, color reproduction printability, chemical characterization of the coatings are discussed in this paper, using contact angle measurements, electronic tensile testing machine, off-set printing test and FTIR. The static contact angle of water ranges from 129.7 to 90.7 o and tensile performance has improved significantly as the ratio of RF powers density change from 0.1 to 10. The ink density and depth of color during off-set printing are visually improved by using papers with hydrophobic surfaces coated composite films.

Moisture has a detrimental effect on oil-paper insulation life by lowering electrical breakdown strength. How does the space charge behavior of the oil-paper insulation system consisted by oil gap and oil immersed insulation pressboard with different moisture content? The space charge characteristics of the mixed insulation consisted of oil gap and pressboard with three moisture content were investigated using the PEA measurement system. The space charge accumulation behaviors at the interface between oil gap and pressboard were analyzed. The distortion of the electrical field in the oil gap and pressboard was also analyzed. Results show that there are many charges injected into the oil and the pressboard. The charges accumulated at the interface between oil gap and pressboard. The charges accumulated in the mixed insulation system become less with the moisture content increased. The difference of the electric field strength in the oil gap and pressboard become smaller with the moisture content increased.

In this study, four types of Waste Paper Sludge Ash (WPSA) were explored for use as Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) in binary system. The WPSA use varies in particle size range and surface area however similar in chemical composition. At first stage, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) was replaced by WPSA at 5% mass to mass basis as blended cement. Four size of WPSA was prepared which are unsieve, retained at 63μm, retained at 45μm and pan. WPSA blended cement (WPSABC) was introduced from the four size of WPSA that prepared earlier. Water to cement ratio selected was 0.50 and it keep constant at all type of blended cement. When compared with the control mix, result shows that hydration kinetics is affected by the particle size of WPSA. Pan WPSA has slightly higher peak of hydration kinetics and compressive strength of blended cement. At second stage, Pan WPSA was selected to undergo the further investigation on its performance. Pan WPSABC were prepared at replacement level of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, mass to mass basis. Same method and w/c ratio was used and compared with control mix. From the result, it is found that the peak for rate of heat evolution of Pan WPSABC occur earlier and slightly lower as compared to OPC. Pan WPSA also achieved it optimum strength at 5% replacement level which is more than control mix.

Compared with the lithography and traditional technology, ink-jet printing technology has huge advantages such as reducing costs, improving production efficiency and reducing environment damage. The silver nanoparticles conductive ink used as core material in ink-jet printing technology has been greatly developed. At present, the conductive inks for printed circuit usually has high sintering temperature, low adhesion, poor mechanical properties, high cost, which limit the further industrial application. In this paper, nano silver pulp was prepared through liquid phase reduction method, and a self-made protective agent ensured that the particle size distribution of silver particles is about 5nm. The above silver pulp was dispersed in the organic resin to get conductive ink with 20% (wt%) silver content. Under 170°Csintering, the electrical conductivity of the ink layer was 1.15×104S/m.

A novel method of direct aniline multi-interfacial polymerization on paper substrate is introduced in this paper. Cellulose base papers with and without PAE reinforced were discussed. The PANI-paper composites after more than 3 polymerizations had much lower surface resistivity. Their mechanical strength and thermal stability were analyzed by tensile test and GTA. FTIR results explained that there was strong interaction between NH groups in aniline monomers and OH groups in fibers. Conductive composites made with PAE treated paper had both good thermal stability and good mechanical strength with high conductivity.

There are many researches about the effect of oil/paper proportion, testing temperature, AC/DC ratio and other effects on the breakdown characteristics of oil-paper insulation under the composite electric field. However, the breakdown characteristics of oil-paper insulation under the composite electric field in the process of ageing are rarely reported. In this paper, the breakdown characteristics of the oil impregnated insulation paper with different ageing condition under the composite electric field were investigated. Results show that there is no necessary link between the breakdown characteristics and the ageing degree of oil-paper insulation. The breakdown voltage value decreased with the rise of the AC component under the composite electric field. The breakdown voltage with aged paper changed by new paper is slightly higher than that of the aged oil being changed by new oil.

The X-ray diffraction of hydrated calcium silicate is analyzed and is applied in papermaking. It shows that hydrated calcium silicate have certain crystalline state. The tensile strength, tearing strength and folding strength of paper decrease in different degree with the increase of dosage of hydrated calcium silicate while the whiteness and the printing color density of paper improve. T tensile strength and folding strength of paper decrease in varying degrees with the increase of dosage of PAM while the tearing strength of paper and the whiteness improve. And the printing color density of paper is the same.

In order to know the coating effect and application of color ink-jet paper, the coating formula and printing quality of ink-jet paper were deeply studied. First of all, the coating liquid was prepared by dispersing and mixing the nanometer pigment, the adhesive and the other additives. Then the properties of ink-jet paper were tested and their surface profiles were characterized and evaluated with scanning electron microscope. Finally, the coating paper samples and the base papers were all printed with color ink-jet printer and measured with a spectrodensitometer. The study result showed that it can gain well coating and printing quality when the ratio of SiO2and TiO2is 3:1 and the content of PVA adhesive is 50%, especially paper whiteness is obviously higher than that before the coating.

In this paper, a vacuum freeze drying equipment was developed for vacuum deacidification of paper relics. The relation between freezing velocity and sample mass was studied experimentally, so did the relation between freezing velocity and pre-freezing time. The results indicated freezing velocity is inversely proportional to sample mass as well as the time used with refrigerating capacity equal to mass fraction of frozen water. Problems like melting or disintegration can be overcome by heating gradually. Radiation heating combined with conduction heating make sure the sample is heated evenly. Moreover, vacuum deacidification is available to remove acid of paper relics, and paper relics are kept intact by means of vacuum freeze-drying.

In order to improve the physical and color laser printing properties of paper, the polyvinyl alcohol and silica were used for pigmental surface sizing of paper. Under the previous conditions of solid content 12% and 14%, the effects of different ratio of PVA and silica such as 100:0, 15:1, 10:1, 5:1, and 1:1 on the physical properties of paper and laser printing performance were investigated. The brightness, opacity, roughness, color density, gray scale and image definition were measured after the surface sizing paper was calendared under the condition of temperature 70°C and pressure 4MPa. When the solid content was 12%, PVA: SiO2 was 1:1 and the solid content was 14%, PVA:SiO2 was 10:1, the brightness and opacity of paper obtained the maximum values. With the increase of silica proportion roughness increased at first and then decreased. Color density and tone reproducibility of paper was significantly improved by the pigmental sizing treatment as well as the dots and lines definition. The reasonable pigmental sizing scheme was as follow: solid content was 12%, PVA:SiO2 was 1:1, sizing temperature was 60°C, calendar temperature was 70°C and calendar pressure was 4MPa.

In order to prepare high-gloss water-soluble gravure varnish which is used on tipping paper, different content and types of filming resin with different content of all kinds of additives added are used to prepare water-soluble gravure varnish. Test its main performance and then use IGT apparatus to proof. The effect of varnish component and content on glossiness of water-soluble varnish is discussed by measuring glossiness of proof. The results show: different content and types of water-soluble filming resin have a great influence on the glossiness of water-soluble gravure varnish which is used on tipping paper; the glossiness of water-soluble varnish film can improve by adding auxiliaries such as cosolvent, substrate wetting agent, flow agent, wax emulsion and other promoter into water-soluble varnish system.

paper formation, smoothness, bulk, ink absorption, printability. Abstract. The impact of the paper formation on smoothness, compressibility, uniform of ink absorption is discussed in this paper. The experimental esults indicate that the paper with bad formation leads to higher apparent bulk, and the paper with bad formation shows nonuniform calendering and low compressibility. The bad formation of paper also results in deformation and omission of printing dots, which affects directly the reproduction of the printing images.

In this paper we evaluated some surface characteristics of the Vacuum Aluminized Paper (VAP) to explore the ink adhesion on it. It is shown that this performance is quite unsatisfying due to the high gloss of the VAP which results in an even weaker surface energy than the surface tension of ink. The optimal drying time for the inked VAP under UV light with 125W of power is approximately 4.5 minutes, converts to the practical production, the printing speed of the VAP should be near to 7128 sheet/hour so as to fully solidify the UV ink thus acquires the optimal adhesion of ink.

The influence of temperature and relative humidity on the moisture content of paper honeycomb sandwich panels was studied. The moisture content of paper honeycomb sandwich panels was fitted by three mathematical models. The fitting results were evaluated by experimental data, and the best fitting model and its parameters were determined. The results indicate that in three models, the GAB (Guggenheim, Anderson and De Boer) model is the best suited to predict the moisture content of paper honeycomb sandwich panels in different temperature and humidity conditions.

The penetration and diffusion of ink droplet in paper coating have significant influence on the image quality in the inkjet imaging. The flight physical phenomenon of the ink droplet was researched and analyzed according to the hydrodynamic equations of multiphase flow discrete phase in this paper. Base on studying on the surface structure of paper coating, the mechanism of impact, penetration and diffusion between ink droplet and paper coating also was researched in this paper from the perspective of energy conversion in the imaging process. The proposed mathematical model consisted of the factors of hydrodynamic characteristics for ink droplet and the physical characteristics of paper coating, we could get the maximum diameter of ink droplet spreading in paper coating through solving the model and obtain viscous loss and energy consumption in penetration of ink droplet by experiment, and then calculated the average penetration depth of ink droplet.

Cationic polyacrylate emulsion was used as surface sizing agent and the effects of emulsion properties on paper mechanical properties were studied. The mechanical properties of sized paper gradually increased with the increase of solid content, viscosity and positive charge density of emulsion and decreased with the increase of particle size of emulsion. Tensile strength, folding endurance and tearing strength on machine direction were increased 33.62%, 11.99%, 6.79% respectively when the paper with single emulsion layer was used oven drying methods.

Silica of hollow structure exhibits a number of special characteristic. In this paper, a new way to prepare hollow silica spheres which can be used as filler for paper was reported. In this approach, when silica shells were coated on polyvinylacetate (PVAc) template particles by the sol-gel method, the PVAc cores would be dissolved synchronously, forming hollow spheres. Neither additional dissolution nor a calcination process was needed to remove the PVAc cores. The morphology of the hollow silica spheres was also characterized by TEM. It was shown that the hollow silica spheres with 130-400nm in diameter and 15-35nm in the shell thickness could be synthesized. The possible formation mechanism was also brought forward. The possibility and potential advantages in usage as filler for paper were analyzed theoretically. We confer that this filler can improve the printability of the paper, and reduce its density compared with traditional fillers.

The effect of surface treatment of ceramic fibers on properties of handsheets was discussed. It is indicated with the addtion of ceramic fibers, the tightness of handsheets increases and the tensile index, elongation and tear index increase at first and then decrease. The tightness, tensile index, elongation and tear index of handsheets with surface treated ceramic fibers are higher than that with untreated ceramic fibers. The ceramic fibers and paper fibers can interweave into three dimensional networks.

The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the energy absorption characteristics of honeycomb paperboard and multi-layered corrugated paperboard (MLCP) is investigated experimentally. The concept of specific load is employed to compare the energy absorption properties of these two structural parts with different constructions and materials. Results indicate that energy absorption capacity of honeycomb paperboard is insensitive to RH in the range of 40%~75%; when RH is higher than 75%, energy absorption decreased significantly with the increasing of RH. While for MLCP, its energy absorption properties decline continually by small margin as the RH increase in relative humidity range between 40%-95%. Energy absorption properties of honeycomb paperboard far outweigh that of MLCP in humidity range of 40%-85%, however, in extremely humid environment (95%RH), energy absorption of honeycomb paperboard is nearly equal to that of MLCP. Results of this research can be applied in the optimum design and material selection of paper-based cushioning materials in actual logistics environments.

As a high technique environmental friendly material, Wood-plastic composite (WPC) material has wide range of applications and is extruded by recycled wood fiber products and wasted LDPE. Waste Paper-Al-Plastic materials including Tetrapak beverage and milk boxes are used to extrude the WPC as thermal insulation exterior wallboard instead of normal wood fiber material in the present research. In this paper, simulated thermal insulation and Oxygen index combustion test were operated at the Lab conditions. Some experimental results are presented as follow: heat transfer coefficient of 100mm thick WPC hollow wall is 0.922 W/m2•K, which is equivalent to the thermal insulation performance of a 0.35m thick fly ash aerated concrete block. Oxygen index of 27 indicates that WPC is inflammable material. Zinc borate (ZB) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) are effective flame retardant for Paper-Al-Plastic WPC.

The theory of natural frequencies were acquired from vibration experiment, meanwhile, the first order frequencies of honeycomb sandwich structure composites were obtained by using the sandwich laminboard theory and equivalent panel theory via the finite element software ANSYS. The simulation results were compared to the experiment results to get the error of calculation of the two different equivalent methods, thereby we can select more appropriate equivalent method to ensure the veracity of the result analysis and provide a reference for the optimization design of the fiber-paper honeycomb sandwich structure composites.

Biomass-derived materials such as kenaf pulp and wood chips are a perfect candidate to produce magnetic paper. Furthermore, by using biomass waste, such as paddy straw, sugarcane, bagasse and durian shell, the cost of producing magnetic paper can be further reduced while giving added value to the waste. This paper investigates the potential of producing magnetic sheet from durian shell. Initially, durian shells were dried before undergoing the pulping process. The resulted sheet was then combined with magnetic particles, the nano magnetite using either lumen loading or in-situ co-precipitation to produce a magnetic composite sheet. After being loaded with magnetic particles, the composite sheets were tested in terms of the homogeneity of the magnetic particles in the samples, degree of loading of the magnetic particles and the magnetic properties of the samples. Results obtained show a great success in producing the magnetic sheet from durian shell waste and nano magnetite particles. It was also found that the lumen loading method gives better magnetic properties compared to the in-situ co-precipitation method.

This paper focuses on the study of a series of photoinitiators (PIs) present in a set of two paper and board samples which have different composition, grammage and thickness. The chemical compounds released by the paper packaging can contaminate food and may affect the safety and health of consumers.To evaluate if the paper and board could be used as food packaging material, partition coefficients (Kpaper/air) between paper and air of six kinds of PIs in white carton board and kraft paper were determined. The results indicated that Values of Kpaper/air from 1 to 4843 were obtained at different temperatures. Kpaper/air decreases with temperature increasing, and the value is proportional to grammage and thickness of the paper samples. The lower of the grammage and the thickness,the lower of Kpaper/air value will be. The Kpaper/air value of 2-ethylhexyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EHDAB) is the lowest, and the Kpaper/air value of 4-methylbenzophenone (MBP) is the highest.It shows that the Kpaper/air value depends on the boiling point of the chemical compounds, the chemical properties and the type of the paper sample.

Binder is the essential component of coating color recipe. The amount and type of latex binder has a significant effect on both the structure and chemical-physical properties of coated paper, which affect critical surface properties, e.g., print gloss, roughness, ink setting rate via liquid absorption, and print mottle The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of coating solid on the binder distribution in the method of numerical analysis by Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope (LSCM). In this study, Rhodamine B was used to stain the binder and as the probe to characterize z-directional distribution of the binder using LSCM. The results implied that it was reliable and effective method using LSCM to characterize the z-directional distribution of binder and analyze the influence of coating solid on binder distribution in the z-direction. It could be concluded that the coating solid played an important effect on binder distribution in coated paper and low coating solid with more water accelerated binder migration to the interior of base paper, sample with 60% coating solid is good to binder distribution and coating layer forming.

In order to obtain surface characteristics of vacuum aluminized paperboard, this paper illustrated the structure of vacuum aluminized paperboard. By setting coated paper and gold card paper as the contrast materials, it mainly studied several major surface characteristics of vacuum aluminized paperboard, such as glossiness, smoothness, ink absorbency and paper surface efficiency, which has provided reference for production and application of vacuum aluminized paperboard.

Chitosan solution was applied to coated ivory board as a barrier material, and the surface microstructure, oxygen resistance and water vapor permeability of chitosan-coated paper under different coating weight were studied. According to the images of scanning electron microscope(SEM) and Atomic force microscope(AFM), the coated ivory board surface has a smooth contour without pores and cracks after coating with chitosan. Increasing in coating hold-out of chitosan, the smoothness and the oxygen barrier properties of coated paper were improved considerably, but no improvement on water vapor resistance. An Oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of 119.0 cm3/m2•24h•0.1MPa was obtained when the coating weight of chitosan was 3.96 g/m2. Single-layer and double-layer techniques were used to coat coated ivory paper with chitosan; it was found that the OTR of paper, obtaining by double-layer coating technique, was lower than that of single-layer paper at similar coating weight. For the purpose of reducing water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of chitosan-coated paper, Poly(vinyldene chloride)(PVDC) was applied on the chitosan-coated paper. Water vapor and oxygen barrier properties were enhanced as the coating weight of PVDC increased from 1.05 g/m2to 7.40 g/m2. While the chitosan and PVDC was coated on coated ivory paper through bi-layer technique for 1.96 g/m2and 7.40g/m2, respectively, the WVTR and OTR of paper decreased by 66.3% and 98.0% separately, compared to that of the chitosan-coated paper for 1.96g/m2.

For researching the paper sheet bonding and break characteristics, hardwood pulp, bamboo pulp and softwood pulp were used to form sheet, and beating degree, basis weight and PAM were changed to research the influence on elastic modulus and the specific value of yield strength to break strength. The result shown that beating degree, basis weight and PAM have influence on elastic modulus and have minor influence on the specific value

The effects of different kinds of pulp on structure and packaging mechanical properties of composite board. The results show that in order to obtain maximum ring crush strength of composite board, in the forming process of composite board, wheat straw pulp is used as outer layer because it has strong bonding force and higher fibrosis degree. Waste news paper pulp is used as inner layer because its cost is low.

This paper studies the performance change by adding a certain percentage of graphene and high-temperature reduction graphene to copper powder,which would be sinteringed by Spark Plasma Sintering (sps) under certain temperature and pressure. The image of electrical conductivity measured by Physical Property Measurement System (ppms) showed that the electrical conductivity of the sample added with graphene increased by 4.39% compared with the sample added with no graphene. Meanwhile ,hardness increased by 50%. It showed that graphene could improve the conductive properties as well as the strength of copper, which suggests the graphene will have great potential application in power transmission conductor and electrical contact materials.

A pair of concentrically placed gold electrodes is utilized in contact with human skin surface for moisture evaluation. The electrical impedance spectroscopy is measured within a frequency range of 100Hz to 5MHz. It is showed that, in case of relatively dried stratum corneum, reproducibility of measured impedances will decrease significantly in lower frequency range. The integrality of impedance frequency locus is correspondingly dependent on skin moist state. On the other hand, in case of relatively wetted stratum corneum, an integral locus can be obtained and Cole-Cole arc model can be applied for quantitative calculation. The integrality of the locus is introduced as a supplemental parameter. Experimental results with moistened filter paper as well as human skin indicate that, the skin moisture can be better represented both graphically and quantitatively.

Designing recycled concrete mixture proportion of different recycled coarse and fine aggregate replacement content by pulp content ,then testing compressive strength and splitting tensile strength. The text results show that: With the increasing of recycled aggregate content , the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of recycled aggregate concrete trended to decrease. Compared to recycled coarse aggregate, recycled fine aggregate impact on the properties of recycled concrete is greater. Establishing the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength formula of recycled concrete based on a lot of experimental results.

The graphene (GE) films were fabricated in this paper through the deposition of graphene oxide (GO) sheets onto the quartz slide by means of dip-coating technique, followed by thermal annealing. The growth process and transmittance of the film were monitored by ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), the surface morphology and structure were investigated by Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman. The sheet resistance of the film was also tested and results showed that the sheet resistance is about 60 kΩ-1and the transmittance is as high as 81 % (at 550 nm).

This paper based on an equipment which measure the outgassing of vacuum material,adopt some method, constant volume, otiose flux and double channels and so on, testing the deflation of stainless steel(316、304)brass H62, aluminium2A12, and other representative material deflation.We adopt light eradiate to heat up, and the temperature control range is 23°C~300°C, we study the rule of outgassing rate at different temperature, and use QSM to analyze the component of gas.

Graphenes have aroused great interest among the scientists lately, due to their special physical properties which are supposed to be transferred to composite materials [1,2,3,6]. Some polymers show low mechanical properties which can be improved by adding various types of materials [9,13]. Using nanoparticles, an enhancement of mechanical, thermal and electrical properties can be obtained, even for small contents of additives [10,11,12,14,15,16]. The evaluation of mechanical properties of polymer composites with graphene can be achieved relying on the three-point bending tests [4]. This work presents a few conclusions resulting from the three points bending tests of the polyester composites with graphene and graphite [7,8].

SEM and Automated Surface Area & Pore Size Analyzer were used to characterize surface morphology and specific surface area and the pore size distribution of fibers. The results showed that specific surface area and pore size distribution increase after ultrasonication. The ash content of the composites of ultrasonic treated fiber is larger than the untreated fiber, and the magnetic properties show a good superparamagnetic behavior.

Putting forward a new recycled aggregate concrete mixture proportion method based on the pulp content by researching the effect of pulp content on recycled coarse aggregate physical properties .Research on the cube compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of recycled aggregate concrete by the proposed method and results showed that:The proposed method can reduce the dosage of cement and sand, and increase the recycled aggregate concrete compressive strength and splitting tensile strength ;Establishing the relationship formula between splitting tensile strength and compressive strength of recycled aggregate concrete upon a large number of experimental data.

Laminar composites have been formed from waste paper and suitable water based binders using a two stage binding technique. The new materials can have physical and mechanical properties equivalent to spruce pine and superior to other wood substitutes such as MDF. The degree of penetration of the binder into the paper is a critical factor in achieving the desired properties and there is a need for rapid assessment of the penetration of the binder. A technique based on the forcing of a probe into the laminate has been developed. Several probe geometries have been investigated and an optimum process established. By analysing the force / displacement graph generated by the probe, and applying a fast Fourier transformation the degree of binder penetration can be established.

Based on the research of mechanism of energy conversion in blowing process, design and manufacture a couple of damper and expander. The experiment simulates hot blowing process with the damper and expander. Main paper properties and the fiber microstructure are examined. The results show that flash vaporization and its negative influence on pulp properties can be avoided when hot blowing using damp.

Focusing on the demand for green buffer material with increasingly rapid growth of Express packaging market and main discuss the technology of foamed bamboo fiber and pay more attention on producing them. Add 40g bamboo powder and bamboo pulp as the original reaction materials, and then contrast the foamed productions. The results show the bamboo pulp has a better buffer ability. Add different contents of photo starches and contrast the results of the experiments, and then it could conclude that 20g photo starches could bond the bamboo fibers and adhesives well. By selecting different kinds of foamed reagents and researching the suitable ratio of them, it could concludes that organic foamed adhesive AC should be 0.3g, and inorganic foamed adhesive should be (3gNaHCO3:2gNH3HCO3:1g(NH3)2CO3). By adding different contents of CaCO3, it could conclude that 4g is the best value. By contrasting the validity of microwaves oven and high temperature container, it could conclude that put the composites into the microwaves for 7 minutes will not only have a high quality, but also a short time. Finally cut the foamed bamboo fiber productions into small grains. Test the static buffer characteristics of the small grains, and then F-X, σ -ε、C-ε curves could be recorded.