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This paper aimed to determine the characteristics of physical and mechanical properties of rice straw hand sheet and investigated the optimal conditions for making rice straw paper. The chemical composition of rice straw determined with the TAPPI standards. The conditions of making paper hand sheet composed of pulping time: 2 hours, 4 hours, pulping temperature: 100°C, 130°C, pulping solvent: 2 wt% NaOH, 4 wt% NaOH and bleaching: unbleached pulp, bleached pulp with 2% H2O2. The paper hand sheet was tested based on TAPPI methods, basic weight TAPPI- T410-om-93, thickness TAPPI- T411-om-89, moisture content TAPPI- T412-om-93, brightness TAPPI T452 om-92, opacity TAPPI standard T 425 om-91, burst strength TAPPI T403 om-97, tensile strength TAPPI T494 om-01, and tear strength TAPPI-T414-om-88. The results showed that the optimal conditions of rice straw hand sheet including pulping time: 2 hours, pulping temperature: 100°C, pulping solvent: 2 wt% NaOH, and bleaching: unbleached pulp gave the highest the physical and mechanical properties form other conditions. This conditions showed as the basic weight 62.27 g/m2, thickness 259.30 µ, opacity 93.34 ISO%, burst strength 64.75 kPa.m2/g, tensile strength 95.33 N.m/g, and tear strength 473.55mN.m2/g. In this condition, the paper hand sheet used at the lowest concentration of pulping solvent and non-bleached, which reduces environmental pollution.

Anode surface plays important role for extracellular electron transfer (EET) of exoelectrogenic microbes in microbial fuel cell (MFC). In this report, the electrochemical performance of a TiO2nanorod array modified carbon paper electrode (TiO2NRs/CP) is greatly improved by controlled chemical etching process. The etching process keeps the array morphology but yields obvious hollows on tops of TiO2nanorods. The etched electrode (TiO2NRs-HOT/CP) exhibits better hydrophilicity than carbon paper (CP) and TiO2NRs/CP electrode as seen from smaller contact angle (CA) and more attached microbes S.loihica PV-4. Meanwhile, the hollows allow higher local concentration of microbial self-secreted flavins that can act as electron mediators for interfacial electron transfer of PV-4 through in-direct pathway. Accordingly, PV-4 produces larger current density at TiO2NRs-HOT/CP electrode with maximum current density of 0.038 mA cm–2, which was much higher than that at CP electrode, and almost five times higher than that at un-etched TiO2NRs/CP electrode.

Panicum repens is a species of grass known by many common names, including torpedo grass, creeping panic, panic rampant, couch panicum, wainaku grass, quack grass, dog-tooth grass, and bullet grass. The paper has been made from non-wood materials for long times. This research was used Panicum repens for made grass pulp as non-wood fiber. The influence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations on properties of pulp from Panicum repens was investigated under room temperature. NaOH concentration levels were varied at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. Moreover, Paper pulp from Panicum repens was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). This research has controlled the length of fiber approximately 0.5-2.5 cm before soaked with NaOH concentration at 1 hour and soak with water for controlled pH value at 7-8. Paper pulp was formed on a sieve. The result showed that color of paper pulp made from Panicum repens was light brown and green. SEM showed that NaOH concentration affects the physical properties of paper pulp. Moreover, true density of paper pulp was also investigated in this research.

In this study, 12 commercially available paper towels were collected from the local market. Their tensile properties were investigated by Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F). Four tensile properties namely: (i) extensibility (EMT), (ii) tensile energy (WT), (iii) tensile resilience (RT) and (iv) linearity of WT (LT) were evaluated. Experimental results revealed that the tensile properties varied within the products. EMT was used as the key property for discussing the tensile properties of paper towels. However, when the different tensile properties were correlated, it was found that WT/RT, WT/EMT and RT/EMT had strong Pearson correlation. In addition, there was no significant statistically relationship between weight and thickness to EMT. Based on this study, it can provide some information about the tensile properties of paper towels in local market which may help the industry for further improving the product quality.

In this study, we chose 12 commonly available paper towels from the local market. The compression properties of the paper towels were examined by Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F). Three compression properties namely: (i) compressional linearity (LC), (ii) compression energy (WC) and (iii) compressional resilience (RC) were examined. The experimental results revealed that the compression properties varied within the different paper towels. RC vlaue was used as the key property for discussing the compression properties of paper towels. When different compression properties were correlated and analysed, it was found that no relationship was noted within different compression properties. On the other hand, there was not significant statistically relationship between weight and thickness to RC. It is hope that the results from this study can help the indurstry to improve the compression properties of paper towels for local market.

In this paper, we collected 12 commercially available paper towels from the local market and their shearing properties were evaluated by Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F). Three properties namely: (i) shear rigidity (G), (ii) shear stress at 0.5º (2HG) and (iii) shear stress at 5º (2HG5) were studied. Experimental results revealed that the shearing properties varied within the products. G was used as the key property for discussing the shearing properties of paper towels. However, in correlating different shearing properties, it was found that 2HG and 2HG5 had strong Pearson correlation. However, no significant statistically relationship between weight and thickness to G was found. This study may provide data for the industry for the improvement of shearing properties of paper towels for local market.

12 commercially available paper towels were collected from the local market and studied in this paper. Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F) was used for evaluating their bending properties. Two bending properties namely: (i) bending rigidity (B) and (ii) bending moment (2HB) were evaluated. Experimental results indciated that the bending properties varied within the products. B was used as the key property for discussing the bending properties of paper towels. When the correlations of different bending properties were investigated, it was found that no significant was found between B and 2HB. However, there was significant statistically relationship between weight and B but no relationship between thickness and B. With the use of the results, the product developer could improve the bending properties of the paper towels.

In this study, 12 commercially available paper towels were collected from the market. Their shearing properties were evaluated by Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F). Three properties namely: (i) coefficient of friction (MIU), (ii) deviation of MIU (MMD) and (iii) geometric roughness (SMD). Experimental results revealed that the surface properties varied within the products. When different properties were correlated, it was found that there was not significantly relationship between MIU, MMD and SMD. However, weight and thickness had well statistically relationship to SMD.

Examples of solid and liquid electrical insulations for power transformer are mineral oil and cellulose based paper. As transformers performed their function to step-up or step-down voltage level, its’ insulations will be degraded. Paper insulation is considered the most critical component in a transformer insulation system because it is not easily replaced if compared to oil where it is easily reconditioned in-order to remove water and contaminants. Studies show that temperature, moisture contents and oxygen contributed to paper insulation degradation. Moisture and furanic compound were produced from these deterioration processes. This paper is focused on the formation and effect of moisture to Kraft paper’s life. Levels of moisture contents were obtained from in-service power distribution transformers. These data then is used to assess the Kraft paper’s life by means of Weibull plot. This study shows that level of moisture contents can be used to assess the life of Kraft paper insulation.

As a kind of environmentally friendly material, microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) has the following advantages: renewable raw materials, easy recycling, biodegradable, safety and so on. It can be combined with antibacterial agents to prepare the antibacterial packing materials for food. In this paper, the nano-ZnO was modified by titanate coupling agent TM-38s at first,determines the best dosage of TM-38 is 3% in the modification process,the dosage of the isopropyl alcohol for 40ml,improving its dispersibility. And then added in the MFC suspension to formulate the antibacterial coating for antibacterial coated paper preparation. The changes of antibacterial properties of the paper before and after coating were investigated in this study. The results showed that the paper had a significant antibacterial activity to e. coli and staphylococcus aureus (the antibacterial circle was bigger than 15 mm).When the nano-ZnO dosage was 2.5wt%, the antibacterial properties of the coated paper could reach the best situation. Application of the antibacterial caoated paper to the food packaging could restrain and kill the microorganisms on the food surface effectively, prolong the shelf life of food, and improve the food safety.

As an important document for the description and communication of transport policies, transport white papers have drawn special attention in western countries. This paper studies European transport white papers with the aim to explore their merits for reference. Firstly, the paper reviews the chronological development of European transport white papers to give a holistic view. Then, three European transport white papers that have critical historical meanings are analyzed in details, inspecting their issue background and policy objectives. Moreover, the features of European transport white papers are summarized, which include the concentration on chief problem, thorough action plan and flexible content system. These features deserve learning for other authorities when developing transport white papers.

Noise is one of the problems that often occur in urban areas due to the traffic condition. Noise in a building design depends on the choice of materials as sound absorbers. The type of sound dampening material that already exists is a porous material, a resonator, and a panel. The material often used as an absorber is porous materials, because it is relatively cheaper and lighter, especially to reduce the noise in the narrow spaces such as housing and offices. Various substitutes are made from cheap materials, such as the use of recycled materials of egg tray paper with the size of 40 x 40 centimeters. This is a quantitative research that will measure the place of egg tray paper in reducing noise, using a Sound Level Meter. The use of the egg tray paper is able to show an adequate acoustic quality as noise absorbers, with the average value of NR 22-26 dB.

This paper defines the efficiency similarity of different motor driving devices. Based on the efficiency function characteristics which can be approximately considered a concave, non-negative function through the origin, we present a kind of optimal control method for a felt driven by three different motors in paper machine. It gives the minimum total power consumption. The optimal control method is to keep the same torque rate for each motor driving device. This method is independent of the linearity or nonlinearity of the system and has no need for the system’s state equation or transfer function. Since the shapes of efficiency functions in nature are similar, the conclusion can also be applied to the energy optimization of other general devices.

This paper mainly discuss the effect of beating on OCC pulp fiber morphology and paper physical Strength. After the treatment with PFI, the beating degree were ranged from 25 ° SR rises from 56 °SR, the fiber morphologies were greatly changed, and appeared splitting and brooming. Physical results showed that beating can improve strength properties of OCC pulp in the proper degree, 46°SR was the best result in this study.

In order to study the corresponding relationship between the design and fashion of tea gift package, this paper will analyze and discuss the color design and packaging style of tea gift package. Besides, this paper will also do research on the cultural origin of tea and the value of package, and analyze the influence of package on consumers. Finally, based on the research, the author had design a tea gift package that is in accordance with the current trend. This study uses bright yellow and orange as predominant colors to present nobleness of tea of Alishan. The colors used on the packaging will render people associate with harvest in autumn.

The quality of product of manufacturing industries depends on dimension accurately and surface roughness quality. There are many types of surface defects and levels of surface roughness quality. Ironing process is one type of metal forming process, which aims to reduce the wall thickness of the cup-shaped or pipes products, thus increasing the height of the wall. Manually surface inspection procedures are very inadequate to ensure the surface in guaranteed quality. To ensure strict requirements of customers, the surface defect inspection based on image processing techniques has been found to be very effective and popular over the last two decades. The paper has been reviewed some papers based on image processing for defect detection. It has been tried to find some alternatives of useful methods for product surface defect detection of ironing process.

Biocomposites sheets were prepared by compression molding from mixtures of corn starch plasticized by glycerol as matrix and cellulose fibers, extracted from used office paper, as reinforcement filler with contents ranging from 0 to 8% wt/wt of fibers to matrix. Properties of composites were determined by mechanical tensile test, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, water absorption measurement, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that higher fibers content raised the tensile strength and elastic modulus up to 109% and 112%, respectively, when compared to the non-reinforced thermoplastic starch (TPS). The addition of the fibers improved the thermal resistance and decreased the water absorption up to 63.6%. Scanning electron microscopy illustrated a good adhesion between matrix and fibers.

This paper presents the performance investigations of the spatial domain image watermarking for camera-captured images on different types of printers and printable materials. We examine the effects of our previous watermarking method based on the modification of image pixels on three types of printers, i.e. inkjet, laser and photo printers, and four different types of printing papers, i.e. uncoated, matte, glossy and semi-glossy papers. In the experiments, the DSLR camera is used as tool to capture the printed watermarked images, while the image registration technique based on projective transformation is used to diminish the RST and perspective distortions in the captured image. The performances in terms of extracted watermark accuracy at equivalent watermarked image quality on different types of printers and printing papers are measured and compared.

Magnetic stripe cards and magnetic recording paper are commonly used in credit cards, identity cards, and transportation tickets. Barium ferrite was used to prepare magnetic inks and the magnetic ink was coated onto the paper substrate to obtain the magnetic papers. The crystal structure of barium ferrite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the magnetic property of barium ferrite was tested by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) The performance of the magnetic recording paper and the surface morphology of the coating magnetic layer were also characterized. The results show that the magnetic ink based on barium ferrite with the formula of 41wt% of the barium ferrite powder, 14wt% of polyurethane, 36wt% of solvent and 9wt% of PVP has good printing characteristics and the magnetic recording papers have good performance.

The novel flexible pressure sensor with skin-like stretchability and sensibility has attracted tremendous attention in academic and industrial world in recent years. And it also has demonstrated great potential in the applications of electronic skin and wearable devices. It is significant and challenging to develop a highly sensitive flexible pressure sensor with a simple, low energy consuming and low cost method. In this paper, the silver nanowires (AgNWs) as electrode material were synthesized by polyol process. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was chosen as a flexible substrate and polyimide (PI) film as dielectric layer. The AgNWs based electrode was prepared in two methods. One is coating the AgNWs on photographic paper followed by in situ PDMS curing. Another one is suction filtration of the AgNWs suspension followed by glass slide transfer and PDMS curing. Then the capacitive pressure sensor was packaged in a sandwich structure with two face to face electrodes and a PI film in the middle. The sensitivity of the sensor as well as the micro-structure of the electrodes was compared and studied. The results indicate that the roughness of the electrode based on AgNWs/PDMS micro-structure plays an important role in the sensitivity of sensor. The as-prepared flexible pressure sensor demonstrates high sensitivity of 0.65kPa-1. In addition, the fabrication method is simple, low energy consuming and low cost, which has great potential in the detection of pulse, heart rate, sound vibration and other tiny pressure.

Langmuir-Blodgett technique was applied to build optically homogeneous film of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on paper substrate. The palladium (Pd) nanoparticles were drop-casted onto MWCNTs network films before being exposed in hydrogen (H2) gas molecules environment under vacuum and atmospheric pressure at room temperature. The results demonstrate that the functionalized MWCNTs dispersed with Pd nanoparticles show good H2sensing response on paper substrate where the sensitivity of around 10 % was recorded at only 2 minutes exposure time.

This paper aimed at the quality of the transparent paper package, developed a machine vision detection system and successfully applied it in production line. A variety of transparent paper defects are detected out. This system makes the transparent paper packing quality b improved and provides good reference for the application of the technology of machine vision detection.

There are too many waste that has the capability in undermine the environment, including paper waste. The unused paper waste collected from one office only could reach two tons a year. To decrease the possibility of paper waste in ruining the environment, it can be recycled to be any usable things. One example is recycle the paper waste into paper brick as building material. Before the brick can be used, it needs to be tested whether it can create a thermal comfort or not. So the objectives of the research are to find the ability of paper brick in create thermal comfort, and compare it with the red brick that is commonly used by people. The method used in this research is field measurement using model and hygrometer as a tool. The result of the research is that the paper brick can create a thermal comfort in some hours of a day. But it turns out that it is not better than the red brick in decreasing the outside temperature. The temperature inside the building with a red brick is lower that the temperature in the building with the paper brick.

Along with the widespread use of food wrap paper, it is very important to discuss the migration of lead in paper. The migration of lead from six kinds of food wrap papers under different temperatures (5 °C, 25°C, 35°C, 60°C and 85°C) were investigated by using water as an imitation in this paper. It was found that the initial migration rate was affected by the sizing degree of paper, but the final migration ratio was mainly decided by initial concentration of lead in paper, and the migration rate increased with the increasing of temperature.

By using printability tester for printing on ordinary white cardboard and light beam hologram paper, measuring spectral information and chrominance information of the two samples, and then perform spectral fitting by analyses their color characteristics, The aim of this research was to propose one method for color calculation of printing on light beam hologram papers, according to the color information of ordinary white cardboard.

Green and environmental protection has become a theme of contemporary furniture design. As a unique furniture material, paper has characteristics like wide source, easy processing, non-toxic and pollution-free. It has been used in the development and design of furniture. Paper furniture has broad application prospects.

In order to improve the printing quality, 10 kinds of different manufacturers, different gram weight offset paper are used in this title, measure the quantitative, thickness, gloss, K&N values, and roughness of those paper. Print papers through IGTAIC2-5, calculate the ink transfer rate and transfer parameters. Using SPSS to analysis relationship between the performance of paper and ink transfer rate, transfer parameter b, k, f ' by using mathematical methods. The research results show that the performance of the paper affect ink transfer rate and transfer parameter b, k, f '; The tightness, roughness ,glossiness and K&N value have notable effect on the ink transfer rate and transfer parameter k; transfer parameter b, f ' has no remarkable influence.

In order to investigate the influence of coating layer characteristics on the dynamic permeability and printing of ink-jet paper, coating was prepared by the precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and white latex used as bottom coating (recipe label:A,B),and coating formula was made by silica (SiO2) and polyvinyl alcohol used as surface coating (recipe label:a,b,c).Then paper were coated respectively on single bottom, single surface and multilayer. Then the dynamic permeability and printing of ink-jet paper were analyzed systematically. The results showed that whether single layer or multilayer, the values of Ct, Ci were minimum when the ration of pigment and adhesive was 70:30, because the hole diameter of the coating layer was smallest, and the absorption was strongest, so the dynamic permeability was best, and the ability of ink absorption was best, color density and tone reproducibility were best. It concluded that when the proportion of SiO2 and PVA was 70:30, the dynamic permeability and printing ability of ink-jet paper were relative better.

The bonding mechanism between water-based UV curable ink and active groups on paper’s fiber during curing process was studied in this paper. Low viscosity water-based UV-cured resin was synthesized by epoxy resins, epoxy diluent, acrylic acid and maleic anhydride in the presence of catalyst. The viscosity of the synthesis system and synthetic products were significantly reduced when epoxy diluent was added to replace parts of the epoxy resin. Epoxy diluent was very useful in reducing the viscosity of the product, but over-dose would have negative effects on the quality of the cured film. The water-based epoxy acrylate prepolymer was used as the substitution for the ink to investigate the binding mechanism between the active groups of prepolymer and fiber under UV irradiation. The prepolymer and photoinitiator were mixed and the mixture was diluted to an appropriate viscosity by a small amount of water, then printed on the paper by the method of analog printing and curred by UV curing machine. The printed paper was used to extract lignin by enzymatic/mild acidolysis. FT-IR was used to characterize the changes of the active groups in lignin. The results showed that the changes of active groups in lignin were founded in the existence of ultraviolet and photoinitiator, which consistent with the change of double bonds in prepolymer. The free radicals produced by photoinitiator in curing process not only promoted the double bonds to polymerize, but also accelerated the active groups of lignin binding. Experiments show that chemical bonds exist between them.

The experiment studied effects of paper on the height and glossiness of UV ink-jet 3D printing. The results showed that there all existed penetrations between the 1st ink layer and three kinds of paper, the bigger the roughness and bulk of paper were, the larger the penetration was, and penetration between the 1st ink and paper was obviously larger than that between two ink layers. Penetration between two ink layers was stable, almost not affected by paper. The bigger the roughness and bulk of paper were, the smaller the glossiness of ink layer was. There appeared directional ink strips on ink layer on three kinds of paper, beginning from the 3rd ink layer, there also appeared ink pits on ink layer on paper whose roughness and bulk were the biggest, which showed printer precision was also an important factor for the glossiness, apart from paper. Thus, the tight and smooth paper should be selected in UV ink-jet 3D printing. Before printing, pretreatment should be done to exclude the influence of the 1st ink layer and the ink strips.

Most paper-based 3D color printers are plagued by the problem of slow printing speed, which is caused by the double-sided coloration for A4 office paper during the printing process. In order to resolve this issue, we propose a new fast and reliable coloration algorithm using geometric information in STL file, given the existing slicing methods. During the entire process, the colored surface is determined by D value that represents the positive or negative slope of layer in the 3D model after slicing. Colored inks with corresponding permeability are used to print single-sided or double-sided to accelerate the printing speed. For the given 3D models, the efficiency of the speedup is discussed and qualitatively analyzed. The results show that the proposed algorithm can increase the printing speed of paper-based 3D color printers, based on the existing materials and apparatus, at a lower cost than the common approaches.

The composite SiOx/polymer films are deposited as a top-coatings onto the paper substrates by radio frequency (RF) reactive magnetron co-sputtered two targets, silica and dicyclopentadiene dioxide cured with maleic anhydride (DCPD/MA).The samples prepared by changing PSiO2/PDCPD/MA, the ratio of RF powers density delivered to the individual target from 0.1 to 10 so as to prepare different SiOxcontent coatings. The wettability, mechanical properties, color reproduction printability, chemical characterization of the coatings are discussed in this paper, using contact angle measurements, electronic tensile testing machine, off-set printing test and FTIR. The static contact angle of water ranges from 129.7 to 90.7 o and tensile performance has improved significantly as the ratio of RF powers density change from 0.1 to 10. The ink density and depth of color during off-set printing are visually improved by using papers with hydrophobic surfaces coated composite films.

Tea has been a popular beverage since ancient time and accumulated a great deal of culture. In modern society, tea packaging design attracts a lot of attention. How to reflect the integration of traditional culture and modern culture from the perspectives of shape, pattern and color and cater to consumers needs at home and abroad and make the tea packaging fun has become the key of tea packaging design. The important function of packaging is to attract consumers’ attention and trigger their desire to buy the product. Through the visual design of packaging, it is a vital way to reflect the quality of tea, as well as increase the value of goods. Highlighting the characteristics of tea is the fundamental purpose of packaging. The color, pattern and text attribution are essential element in packaging, meanwhile it conveys the product information. The application of color, pattern and text and other factors in the study make the tea more competitive. It exchanges information between tea and consumer. Good tea packaging can not only improve sales, but also enhance the brand image, and expand spread of traditional tea culture.

This paper describes simulation of combustion characteristics under high ambient and high injection of biodiesel combustion by using CFD simulation. Diesel engine performance and emissions is strongly couple with fuel atomization and spray processes, which in turn are strongly influenced by injector flow dynamics. The principal objective of this research is to seek the effect of temperature and pressure on the spray characteristics, as well as fuel-air mixing characteristics. Experiments were performed in a constant volume chamber at specified ambient gas temperature and pressure. This research was continued with injecting diesel fuel into the chamber using a Bosch common rail system. Direct photography technique with a digital camera was used to clarify the real images of spray pattern, liquid length and vapor penetration. The method of the simulation of real phenomenon of diesel combustion with optical access rapid compression machine is also reviewed and experimental results are presented. The liquid phase of the spray reaches a maximum penetration distance soon after the start of injection, while the vapor phase of the spray continues to penetrate downstream. The condition to which the fuel is affected was estimated by combining information on the block temperature, ambient temperature and photographs of the spray. The increases in ambient pressure inside the chamber resulting in gain of spray area and wider spray angle. Thus predominantly promotes for a better fuel-air mixing. All of the experiments will be conducted and run by using CFD. The simulation will show in the form of images.

In this study, four types of Waste Paper Sludge Ash (WPSA) were explored for use as Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) in binary system. The WPSA use varies in particle size range and surface area however similar in chemical composition. At first stage, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) was replaced by WPSA at 5% mass to mass basis as blended cement. Four size of WPSA was prepared which are unsieve, retained at 63μm, retained at 45μm and pan. WPSA blended cement (WPSABC) was introduced from the four size of WPSA that prepared earlier. Water to cement ratio selected was 0.50 and it keep constant at all type of blended cement. When compared with the control mix, result shows that hydration kinetics is affected by the particle size of WPSA. Pan WPSA has slightly higher peak of hydration kinetics and compressive strength of blended cement. At second stage, Pan WPSA was selected to undergo the further investigation on its performance. Pan WPSABC were prepared at replacement level of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, mass to mass basis. Same method and w/c ratio was used and compared with control mix. From the result, it is found that the peak for rate of heat evolution of Pan WPSABC occur earlier and slightly lower as compared to OPC. Pan WPSA also achieved it optimum strength at 5% replacement level which is more than control mix.

Compared with the lithography and traditional technology, ink-jet printing technology has huge advantages such as reducing costs, improving production efficiency and reducing environment damage. The silver nanoparticles conductive ink used as core material in ink-jet printing technology has been greatly developed. At present, the conductive inks for printed circuit usually has high sintering temperature, low adhesion, poor mechanical properties, high cost, which limit the further industrial application. In this paper, nano silver pulp was prepared through liquid phase reduction method, and a self-made protective agent ensured that the particle size distribution of silver particles is about 5nm. The above silver pulp was dispersed in the organic resin to get conductive ink with 20% (wt%) silver content. Under 170°Csintering, the electrical conductivity of the ink layer was 1.15×104S/m.

This paper proposed an improved method based on adaptive with threshold wavelet transform denoising, according to image is often affected by noise pollution in the process of acquisition and transmission, compared with the advantages and disadvantages of traditional digital filtering method. It extracts the structure information and details of the image. It can adaptively select wavelet transform of optimal decomposition level and soft threshold to achieve the optimal noise reduction effect. The Simulation results demonstrate that this theory can effectively filter Gaussian noise and Salt and pepper noise, at the same time well protect the image details and achieve better visual effects.

This paper has a brief introduction to a algorithm that can automatically identify the defective cutting region when automatic paper cutter does quality analysis. The algorithm analyzed the characteristics of processed shear mark image,detected defects,found a critical point of defective part ,then a unique regional recognition algorithm was developed based on the basis of the general processing algorithm. The algorithms can pinpoint the region that cutting defects exist according to the coordinates of critical point accurately, improve the efficiency of quality analysis, and also has stated that image processing is available in the regional recognition of automatic paper cutter.

Copper-nickel alloys have been used in many applications in marine environments because of excellent corrosion and biofouling resistance. . This investigation is cover a review of many previous studies about the behavior of these alloys in marine environments with different environmental conditions including the effect of sulphur contamination, the effect of CO2, the effect of chlorine, the effect of flow velocity, the effect of temperature and the effect of adding some alloying elements to the alloy itself. There have been conflicting results in the past about the corrosion rate values and the chemical analysis of the corrosion films in different environmental conditions. More research is needed for studying the behavior of these alloys in marine environments to provide good assessment of the corrosion resisting characteristics.

The contribution deals with the possibilities of the use of existing commercially available vectorization programs for recognition drawing entities in raster graphics format obtained by scanning of the engineering drawing. Drawing entities as a line (solid, dashed, dot-dashed etc.), dimension, hatch, various symbols, text, etc., have specific semantic for the designer defined by standards. Expert knows to interpret this graphic language and he knows to create a mental model of the real object. To be able interpret digital content of the engineering drawing obtained by scanning by the form of 3D computer model often requires to perform many intelligent operations. In the first step it is necessary to obtain such vector representation of the scanned drawing to be able to identify the original drawing entities. Suitability of using the contemporary commercial vectorizing programs for engineering drawings was verified on the test sample of the drawing entities and the results are published in the paper.

An effective method of trajectory reconstruction is presented in order to identify aerodynamic parameters. A novel smoother URTSS, which can get more optimal ballistic parameters, is introduced because of the biggish error caused by the uncertain initial conditions. Finally the validity of the method is verified by the experimental data. It also proves that URTSS can improves the accuracy of the identification of aerodynamic parameters.