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The article argues against the idea of most philosophers that human and animal minds are radically different from another either architecturally or that humans possess a second mind non-human animals lack. It notes that the differences between humans and other animals are qualitative involving a distinctive kind of functional organization that qualifies as a mind that is not possessed by other animals. It argues that animal minds are real and are the only minds that humans possess.

Discusses philosophers' ways of loving wisdom. Distinction between theoretical knowledge as justified belief in propositions of a certain high order of abstraction and wisdom as a mature and intuitive nonpropositional grasp of practical truths; Understanding of wisdom as insight into the extra-empirical nature of reality and the human condition, the unwritten rules of effective interaction with other persons or reasonable expectations about the prospects of life and death; Limit of philosophy's romance.