10,995 results
Search Results
2. Assessing the Rate of Replication in Economics.
- Author
-
Berry, James, Coffman, Lucas C., Hanley, Douglas, Gihleb, Rania, and Wilson, Alistair J.
- Subjects
REPLICATION (Experimental design) ,ECONOMIC research ,ECONOMIC periodicals ,ROBUST statistics ,BIBLIOGRAPHICAL citations - Abstract
We assess the rate of replication for empirical papers in the 2010 American Economic Review. Across 70 empirical papers, we find that 29 percent have 1 or more citation that partially replicates the original result. While only a minority of papers has a published replication, a majority (60 percent) have either a replication, robustness test, or an extension. Surveying authors within the literature, we find substantial uncertainty over the number of extant replications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The Realization Effect: Risk- Taking after Realized versus Paper Losses.
- Author
-
IMAS, ALEX
- Subjects
RISK ,CHOICE (Psychology) ,RISK-taking behavior ,GAMBLING ,INVESTMENTS ,INDIVIDUALS' preferences - Abstract
Understanding how prior outcomes affect risk attitudes is critical for the study of choice under uncertainty. A large literature documents the significant influence of prior losses on risk attitudes. The findings appear contradictory: some studies find greater risk- taking after a loss, whereas others show the opposite--that people take on less risk. I reconcile these seemingly inconsistent findings by distinguishing between realized versus paper losses. Using new and existing data, I replicate prior findings and demonstrate that following a realized loss, individuals avoid risk; if the same loss is not realized, a paper loss, individuals take on greater risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Replications in Development Economics.
- Author
-
Sukhtankar, Sandip
- Subjects
DEVELOPMENT economics ,REPLICATION (Experimental design) ,ECONOMIC periodicals ,IMPACT factor (Citation analysis) ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials - Abstract
I examine replications of empirical papers in development economics published in the top-5 and next-5 general interest journals between the years 2000 through 2015. Of the 1,138 empirical papers, 71 papers (6.2 percent) were replicated in another published paper or working paper. The majority (77.5 percent) of replications involved reanalysis of the data using different econometric specifications to assess robustness. The strongest predictor of whether a paper is replicated or not is the paper's Google Scholar citation count, followed by year of publication. Papers based on randomized control trials (RCTs) appear to be replicated at a higher rate (12.5 percent). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES AND INTERNAL PRICES UNDER INCONVERTIBLE PAPER CURRENCIES.
- Author
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White Jr., Horace G.
- Subjects
PAPER money ,FOREIGN exchange rates ,PRICES - Abstract
Discusses the relationship between foreign exchange rates and internal prices. Experiences of England, Sweden and Argentina under inconvertible paper currencies; Controversy arising from the practice of comparing only the absolute movements of foreign exchange rates and internal prices; Modifications of the theoretical conclusions which are based largely on the war and post-war inconvertible currency experiences.
- Published
- 1935
6. Paper Money.
- Author
-
Sims, Christopher A
- Subjects
FISCAL policy ,MONETARY policy ,PAPER money ,PRICE levels ,BANKING industry ,DEBT ,TAYLOR'S rule ,MATHEMATICAL models of monetary policy - Abstract
Drastic changes in central bank operations and monetary institutions in recent years have made previously standard approaches to explaining the determination of the price level obsolete. Recent expansions of central bank balance sheets and of the levels of richcountry sovereign debt, as well as the evolving political economy of the European Monetary Union, have made it clear that fiscal policy and monetary policy are intertwined. Our thinking and teaching about inflation, monetary policy, and fiscal policy should be based on models that recognize fiscal-monetary policy interactions. (JEL E31, E52, E58, E62, H63) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. The welfare and policy implications of the international trade consequences of '1992.' (single European market) (Papers and Proceedings of the Hundred and Fourth Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association)(European Economic Integration: Where Do We Stand?)
- Author
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Winters, L. Alan
- Subjects
European Union -- International trade ,Single European market -- Economic aspects ,International trade -- Economic aspects ,Commercial policy -- International aspects ,Welfare economics -- International aspects - Abstract
The area in which the single European market of 1992 will have the greatest effect is international trade. The reduction of trade barriers may reduce the prices of both imports within the European Community and extra-EC imports at the expense of domestic sales. Increased competition, in the form of either greater competition within EC-member states or greater competition from non-EC members, needs to supplement the reduction in trade barriers. Countries should not be allowed to petition reductions in EC imports unless policies are discriminatory.
- Published
- 1992
8. Media Bias in China.
- Author
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Qin, Bei, Strömberg, David, and Wu, Yanhui
- Subjects
PREJUDICES in mass media ,NEWSPAPERS ,ECONOMIC competition ,PROPAGANDA ,MASS media - Abstract
This paper examines whether and how market competition affected the political bias of government-owned newspapers in China from 1981 to 2011. We measure media bias based on coverage of government mouthpiece content (propaganda) relative to commercial content. We first find that a reform that forced newspaper exits (reduced competition) affected media bias by increasing product specialization, with some papers focusing on propaganda and others on commercial content. Second, lower-level governments produce less-biased content and launch commercial newspapers earlier, eroding higher-level governments’ political goals. Third, bottom-up competition intensifies the politico-economic trade-off, leading to product proliferation and less audience exposure to propaganda. (JEL D72, L31, L82, O14, O17, P26, P31) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. GOVERNMENT REGULATION AND GROWTH IN THE FRENCH PAPER INDUSTRY DURING THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.
- Author
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Scoville, Warren J.
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,FRENCH economy ,PAPER mills ,PAPERMAKING ,PULP mills ,EIGHTEENTH century - Abstract
Papermaking apparently originated in China about two centuries before the Christian Era. Arabs learned the art in the eighth century and diffused it along North Africa, whence it spread into Spain in the twelfth century, into Italy in the thirteenth, and into France either near the beginning or near the middle of the fourteenth century. Around 1700 the French economy was in the middle of a protracted period of stagnation, and the paper industry was especially depressed. Several intendants stated at that time that papermaking had greatly declined over the past two decades, and the newly established Council of Trade learned from the survey it ordered in 1701 that the number of active mills was everywhere much smaller than formerly. Most of the evidence the author has sketched in this article reveals a direct correlation between the industry's expansion and the relaxation of direct governmental controls in France. After recovering from a long period of depression at the end of the seventeenth century, papermaking perhaps doubled its output between 1720 and 1789, with most of the growth coming after 1750.
- Published
- 1967
10. Recognition for Group Work: Gender Differences in Academia.
- Author
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Sarsons, Heather
- Subjects
AUTHORSHIP collaboration ,TENURE of college teachers ,WOMEN college teachers ,GENDER differences (Sociology) ,SCHOLARLY publishing ,GROUP work in research ,INTELLECTUAL cooperation - Abstract
How is credit for group work allocated when individual contributions are not observed? I use data on academics' publication records to test whether demographic traits like gender influence how credit is allocated under such uncertainty. While solo-authored papers send a clear signal about ability, coauthored papers are noisy, providing no specific information about each contributor's skills. I find that men are tenured at roughly the same rate regardless of coauthoring choices. Women, however, are less likely to receive tenure the more they coauthor. The result is much less pronounced among women who coauthor with other women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. A Proposal to Organize and Promote Replications.
- Author
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Coffman, Lucas C., Niederle, Muriel, and Wilson, Alistair J.
- Subjects
REPLICATION (Experimental design) ,ECONOMIC periodicals ,ECONOMIC research ,BIBLIOGRAPHICAL citations ,ECONOMICS methodology - Abstract
We make a two-pronged proposal to (i) strengthen the incentives for replication work and (ii) better organize and draw attention to the replications that are conducted. First we propose that top journals publish short 'replication reports.' These reports could summarize novel work replicating an existing high-impact paper, or they could highlight a replication result embedded in a wider-scope published paper. Second, we suggest incentivizing replications with the currency of our profession: citations. Enforcing a norm of citing replication work alongside the original would provide incentives for replications to both authors and journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Economic Research Evolves: Fields and Styles.
- Author
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Angrist, Joshua, Azoulay, Pierre, Ellison, Glenn, Hill, Ryan, and Lu, Susan Feng
- Subjects
ECONOMIC research ,ECONOMICS methodology ,IMPACT factor (Citation analysis) ,ECONOMIC periodicals ,EMPIRICAL research - Abstract
We examine the evolution of economics research using a machine-learning-based classification of publications into fields and styles. The changing field distribution of publications would not seem to favor empirical papers. But economics' empirical shift is a within-field phenomenon; even fields that traditionally emphasize theory have gotten more empirical. Empirical work has also come to be more cited than theoretical work. The citation shift is sharpened when citations are weighted by journal importance. Regression analyses of citations per paper show empirical publications reaching citation parity with theoretical publications around 2000. Within fields and journals, however, empirical work is now cited more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Backing, the Quantity Theory, and the Transition to the US Dollar, 1723–1850.
- Author
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Rousseau, Peter L
- Subjects
MONEY ,PAPER money ,KEYNESIAN economics ,FIXED interest rates ,QUANTITY theory of money ,MONEY supply ,PRICE levels - Abstract
The article focuses on the issuance of paper money by Pennsylvania when it was an English Colony. Pennsylvania was successful at issuing paper money with a minimal effect on prices to an extent that it is sometimes said to violate the classical quantity theory of money. The paper contends that new paper issues of money were absorbed without inflation because they encouraged more transactions to be made using money, due to it being more efficient for transactions than barter or bookkeeping. It tries to explain fixed rates in colonial Pennsylvania despite the lack of specie by considering the model of economists Thomas J. Sargent and Neil Wallace that money issues, if backed by "real bills," are not necessarily inflationary.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Argentine International Trade under Inconvertible Paper Money 1880-1900.
- Published
- 1921
15. State "Currencies" and the Transition to the U.S. Dollar: Clarifying Some Confusions.
- Author
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Michener, Ronald W. and Wright, Robert E.
- Subjects
MONETARY systems ,MONETARY policy ,MONETARY unions ,PAPER money ,BANK liabilities - Abstract
Farley W. Grubb's recent papers on the early U.S. monetary system would be important contributions to the common currency area literature were not most of their historical assertions questionable and their key assumption--that the medium of exchange can be inferred from the unit of account--dubious. We contend that after 1781 most Americans eschewed government paper money in favor of fullbodied coins and convertible bank liabilities and that, contrary to Grubb's claim, bankers did not foist the constitutional clause banning state emissions onto an unsuspecting public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Creating the U.S. Dollar Currency Union, 1748-1811: A Quest for Monetary Stability or a Usurpation of State Sovereignty for Personal Gain?
- Author
-
Grubb, Farley
- Subjects
MONEY ,U.S. dollar ,ECONOMIC development ,FOREIGN exchange rates ,PURCHASING power parity ,PAPER money ,PRICE indexes ,BANK notes ,HISTORY of money - Abstract
The desirability of politically creating currency unions among otherwise sovereign states is an ongoing debate. The benefits of the U.S. currency union and the benefits of other politically manufactured currency unions are assumed to be obvious, namely a reduction in monetary instability and exchange rate transaction costs within the union thereby stimulating long-run economic growth. Price indices, exchange rates and market-generated transaction data from 1748 through 1811 are used to determine when the market moved from state currencies to the U.S. dollar and to assess the non-wartime performance of prices, exchange rates, and purchasing power parity before versus this transition. The British North American colonies were the first modern western economies to experiment with large-scale government issuance of flat paper money. Colonial legislatures backed their paper money by linking it not to specie but to future taxes and mortgage payments designed to withdraw it from circulation in a timely fashion. The only continuous data for evaluating colonial/state monetary performance are price indices. Stability of prices is the hallmark of a well-managed monetary regime. New issues of state currency were constitutionally prohibited after 1787 and enough old state currency would be taken out of circulation through tax redemption by the early 1790s that the paper-money medium fell to banknotes by default.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Post-entry competition in the plain paper copier market
- Author
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Bresnahan, Timothy F.
- Subjects
Xerox Corp. -- Market share ,Office equipment and supplies industry -- Market share ,Copying machines ,Industrial research -- Analysis - Published
- 1985
18. Cyclical Turning Points--Canada, 1927-1939: A Comment.
- Author
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Barber, Clarence L.
- Subjects
CANADIAN economy ,EXPORTS ,BUSINESS cycles ,PRICE deflation ,WHEAT ,PAPER ,NEWSPRINT ,CANADIAN history, 1914-1945 - Abstract
In the recent article "The Cyclical Turning Points in an Open Economy: Canada, 1927-1939," published in September 1953 issue of the journal "American Economic Review," author Edward Marcus has argued that in both 1929 and 1937 the Canadian downturn preceded the downturn in Canada's two principal markets, Great Britain and the U.S. In both years he attributes this to: a deflationary influence arising out of two of Canada's important export industries, wheat and pulp and paper. The author argues that he cannot agree. In his view, the downturn in 1937 came later in Canada than in the United States and in 1929 there is no clear evidence of either a lead or a lag. Furthermore, he doesn't believe that either wheat or pulp and paper exerted an important deflationary influence prior to the U.S. downturn in these two years. As evidence of the early downturn in 1929 Marcus cites first the decline in bank debits in the second quarter of 1929 below their level in the same quarter of 1928. He fails to mention their substantial recovery later in the year. His statement that newsprint exports were below their level of the previous year is wrong. Canadian exports of newsprint exceeded their level for 1928 in every month in 1929 except February.
- Published
- 1954
19. Papers On Welfare And Growth
- Subjects
Papers On Welfare And Growth (Book) -- Book reviews ,Books -- Book reviews ,Business, general ,Economics - Published
- 1965
20. Collected Economic Papers. Vol. 03
- Subjects
Collected Economic Papers. Vol. 03 (Book) -- Book reviews ,Books -- Book reviews ,Business, general ,Economics - Published
- 1968
21. Papers On Capitalism, Development And Planning
- Subjects
Papers On Capitalism, Development And Planning (Book) -- Book reviews ,Books -- Book reviews ,Business, general ,Economics - Published
- 1968
22. Editors' Introduction.
- Subjects
ECONOMIC periodicals ,CONFERENCE papers ,CONFERENCES & conventions - Abstract
An introduction is presented in which the editors note that the current issue offers papers and proceedings from the American Economic Association's January 2015 annual meeting, outline how the papers were selected, and offers thanks to many who helped in the preparation of the issue.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Inequality at Birth: Some Causes and Consequences.
- Author
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Currie, Janet
- Subjects
CONFERENCE papers ,INCOME inequality ,SOCIOECONOMICS ,BIRTH weight ,LOW birth weight ,HEALTH behavior ,SOCIAL stratification ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
A paper on the impact of the health status of infants on subsequent income inequality and socioeconomic conditions during their lives is presented. Economics research indicating that birth weight is affected by a wide range of factors including environmental conditions, health behavior of mothers and nutrition during pregnancy is considered. Research finding a strong correlation between birth weight and future lifetime earnings is discussed.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. NOTES.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Presents schedules and activities during the Fourth Congress of the International Economic Association in Budapest, Hungary.
- Published
- 1974
25. Risk Preferences Are Not Time Preferences: Reply†.
- Author
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Andreoni, James and Sprenger, Charles
- Subjects
RISK ,RISK assessment ,BEHAVIORAL research ,ECONOMICS & psychology ,DECISION making - Abstract
Can the well-known experimental phenomenon of present-bias in intertemporal choice be confounded with the risks associated with receiving payment? Can measurements of risk preferences be used to represent desires for smoothness in intertemporal payments? In our two 2012 papers in this journal we explored these two questions and found the answer to the first to be yes and the second to be no. We feel the three papers inspired by our work and published here underscore these arguments and point to interesting new possibilities for modeling and measuring risk over time. (JEL C91, D81, D91) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Economies of Scale and Constant Returns to Capital: A Neglected Early Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth.
- Author
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Cannon, Edmund S.
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,PRODUCTION functions (Economic theory) - Abstract
The author draws attention to the almost contemporaneous contribution of Marvin Frankel (1962), 'The Production Function in Allocation and Growth: A Synthesis.' The author feels that Frankel's paper anticipates ideas in use in the modern literature and deserves wider recognition. However, it has lain unnoticed for the last 26 years, despite being published in this journal. Subsequently, the author asks why Frankel's paper attracted so little attention at the time and why it has remained in obscurity for so long.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Comments on Stigler's Paper.
- Author
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Okun, Arthur M.
- Subjects
ELECTIONS & economics ,PRACTICAL politics ,VOTING ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
This article presents the author's view on George Stigler's paper debunking the effects of economic conditions on electoral results in the United States. I view Stigler's paper as a healthy antidote to conventional wisdom and a refreshing contrast to the frequent practice of computer-users of running regressions until they find something significant. Nonetheless, I believe there is more to the relation between voting behavior and general economic conditions than meets the jaundiced eye, and I am particularly concerned that Stigler's criticisms should be correctly interpreted as dropping the gauntlet--and not a wet blanket--on research in this area. I do not share his negative presumptions about the satisficing model in general or its applicability to voting behavior in particular. To use his example of a 3 percentage point increase in the unemployment rate, it tells us far more than the extra number of people unemployed at a moment of time. It also means that an extra 12 percent of all adult male workers will have experienced some costly spell of unemployment within the preceding year. Without a reliable theoretical guide, the specification of favorable economic conditions becomes a matter of hunch and taste. In the final section of his paper, Stigler sets forth as an alternative a long-memory model of how macroeconomic performance might influence voters. Unlike the Kramer satisficing voter who sees the two parties only as ins and outs, the Stigler long-memory voter has a definite perception of Republicans and Democrats.
- Published
- 1973
28. DISCUSSION.
- Author
-
Engerman, Stanley and Robertson, Ross M.
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,ECONOMIC history ,UNITED States economy ,PAPER industry ,FRENCH economy ,EIGHTEENTH century - Abstract
The article discusses researches conducted by economists Paul A. David, Warren J. Scoville and Earl J. Hamilton. Researcher Stanley Engerman in his discussion on David's article suggests that his article represents the most thorough study in the debate concerning American economic growth between 1800 and 1840. It is based both on new time series not previously utilized and upon the resourceful application of available data to clarify certain key points. Another researcher Ross M. Robertson while discussing Scoville's article finds his article on the whole persuasive. Robertson certainly has no quarrel with his quantitative inferences, nor for that matter with his description of French governmental regulation in the eighteenth century. He was not altogether convinced of the direct correlation between the paper industry's expansion and the relaxation of direct governmental controls that Scoville alleges. Perhaps Scoville's more extended publications on this subject will elucidate this relationship.
- Published
- 1967
29. PAPERS READ AT THE ROUND TABLE ON THE TEACHING OF ELEMENTARY ECONOMICS, NEW YORK, DECEMBER 30, 1949.
- Author
-
Malick, Clay P. and Garnsey, Morris
- Subjects
ECONOMICS ,MEETINGS ,ECONOMICS education ,ELEMENTARY education ,SOCIAL integration - Abstract
This article focuses on papers discussed at the round table meeting on "the teaching of elementary economics" on December 30, 1949, at New York. Since the movement toward a general course in the social sciences seems to one essential it would be useful at this stage to collate the experiences of the hundred institutions now engaged in offering such a course. Fortunately both the American Economic Association and the American Political Science Association are engaged in a survey of this field by questionnaire and interviews. It is already clear, however, that the general course can be expected to follow no set formula. Its content and emphasis will vary from college to college with the abilities, interests, and philosophies of the staff members, and with the financial resources of the institution. One do not consider such diversity unfortunate. It is fragmentation and compartmentalization which are making the teaching of the social sciences increasingly ineffective in the light of social integration today. The closest integration will continue to recognize the infinite diversity contained in the fundamental unity of society.
- Published
- 1950
30. RUPEE CIRCULATION IN INDIA.
- Author
-
Leavens, Dickson H.
- Subjects
INDIAN rupee ,NATIONAL currencies ,INDIC coins ,BANK reserves ,MONETARY policy ,FISCAL policy ,PAPER money ,MONEY ,BANKING industry - Abstract
Since the outbreak of the European war, the flow of rupee coins back from circulation to reserves, which has been going on for many years, has been reversed. The stock of rupee coin in the Reserve Bank of India has decreased, while circulation has increased, between September 1939 and July 1940. This increase of coin circulation has been due partly to the proportional increase of note circulation and to some tendency to hoard coins in preference to notes. To avoid exhaustion of the Reserve Bank's supply of coin, the government of India began the issuance of 1-rupee notes. In December 1940, it announced a reduction in the fineness of the rupee from 11/12 to 0.300. It remains to be seen whether this section will be acceptable to the population.
- Published
- 1941
31. THE ADEQUACY OF EXISTING CURRENCY MECHANISMS UNDER VARYING CIRCUMSTANCES.
- Author
-
Williams, John H.
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL coinage ,INTERNATIONAL finance ,GOLD standard ,MONETARY policy ,INCOME ,FOREIGN trade regulation ,PAPER money ,MONETARY systems - Abstract
In discussing the adequacy of different international monetary mechanisms under varying circumstances, it seems desirable to begin with some analysis of the logical extremes. The extremes are fixed exchanges maintained by transfer of means of payment between the national monetary systems and flexible exchanges without international transfer of money. The gold standard would be an example of the first type of mechanism and the paper standard of the second, provided that both were entirely automatic. In these extreme cases there would be no money management, externally or internally. The object of both systems is to achieve and maintain equilibrium of external-internal trade. For this purpose both systems provide a balancing or compensatory mechanism by which economic change sets in motion forces of correction which restore equilibrium of external-internal trade. The gold standard system works through variation of internal prices and incomes relative to export-import prices, and the paper standard system through variation of the prices of exports and imports.
- Published
- 1937
32. The Program of the American Economic Association Meetings.
- Author
-
Fusfeld, Daniel R.
- Subjects
MEETINGS ,SPECIAL events ,ANNUAL meetings ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,ECONOMICS ,STUDENTS - Abstract
The article presents information about the program of the American Economic Association Meeting. In programs of the annual meetings of the American Economic Association for the five years 1950-54, persons from the economics departments of fifteen academic institutions delivered 114 out of a total of 210 papers, or 54.3 percent. When papers delivered by people outside the academic field are excluded it is found that of 156 papers originating in colleges and universities these fifteen institutions were responsible for 73.1 percent. Only a few organizations outside the academic field were able to reach the more than two papers category. There was a substantial amount of duplication by individuals from "big 15" universities. Sixteen persons delivered two or more papers, accounting for a total of 37 of 161 papers originating in colleges and universities. These sixteen scholars also served as discussants 6 times. Two of them delivered as many as four papers each in five years, full staffs of only eleven colleges and universities did as well or better.
- Published
- 1956
33. Report of the Editor American Economic Journal: Applied Economics.
- Author
-
Duflo, Esther
- Subjects
SCHOLARLY periodical editing ,ECONOMICS publishing ,SCHOLARLY peer review ,SCHOLARLY publishing ,ECONOMIC research ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
The article presents a report of the editor for the peer-reviewed economic publication "American Economic Journal: Applied Economics" (AEJ: Applied). Topics include the topics and subject areas of the journal, such as development microeconomics and empirical corporate finance; editorial procedures, such as the submission process and the cessation of the double-blind process; and a list of tables documenting editorial data ending in 2011, including the number of manuscripts submitted and published, average page lengths, and subject matter of published manuscripts.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. NOTES.
- Subjects
ECONOMICS ,ANNUAL meetings ,INCOME tax ,CONSTRUCTIVE receipt ,DIRECT taxation ,INCOME averaging - Abstract
This article presents information on the ninetieth annual meeting of the American Economic Association, held during December 27-30, 1977, in New York. Meetings will take place on different related topics to economics. Some of the topics that will be discussed are--economics of life and safety; the negative income tax and the role of social experimentation; pricing in public utilities; economics of education; and recent advances in theory and practice.
- Published
- 1977
35. EIGHTY-NINTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION.
- Subjects
ANNUAL meetings ,ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
This article presents the program for the 89th Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association that is scheduled from September 15-18, 1976 in Atlantic City, New Jersey.
- Published
- 1976
36. The Friedman-Meiselman CMC Paper: New Evidence on an Old Controversy.
- Author
-
Poole, William and Kornblith, Elinda B. F.
- Subjects
KEYNESIAN economics ,MONETARY policy ,BUSINESS cycles ,ECONOMIC policy - Abstract
In 1963 economists Milton Friedman and David Meiselman published a paper for the Commission on "Money and Credit," in which they attempt to test the relative predictive power of Keynesian and monetary theories of business fluctuations. Their methods and conclusions were sharply disputed in papers by scholars Donald Hester, Albert Ando and Franco Modigliani, and Michael DePrano and Thomas Mayer. The purpose is to review this controversy. The method is the simple one of first replicating the studies over the original sample periods and then examining the postsample performance of the competing equations. On a sociological level there can be little doubt that this controversy was and continues to be, enormously valuable. Many economists have been stimulated to work on the questions disputed by the monetarist and Keynesian combatants and it is probably correct to argue that two models of the U.S. economy are a direct outgrowth of the controversy. What has been missing from this continuing controversy, however, is an ex post evaluation of the earlier empirical work.
- Published
- 1973
37. Report of the Editor, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics.
- Author
-
Duflo, Esther
- Subjects
PERIODICAL editors ,PERIODICAL publishing ,EDITORS - Abstract
The article presents a report from the editor of the publication “American Economic Review,” published by the American Economic Association (AEA). She notes that AEA will launch the periodical "American Economic Journal: Applied Economics" (AEJ:AE) in 2009. AEJ:AE will have one co-editor, Thomas Lemieux, and a board of editors comprising several academics. Papers will be submitted to AEJ:AE via the Internet, and the author discusses in detail how these papers will be assigned and reviewed. Data for manuscripts submitted to AEJ:AE as of October 31, 2007 are provided.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Jobs for Sale: Corruption and Misallocation in Hiring.
- Author
-
Weaver, Jeffrey
- Subjects
CORRUPTION ,PAY for performance ,DEVELOPING countries ,BUREAUCRACY ,BRIBERY - Abstract
Corrupt government hiring is common in developing countries. This paper uses original data to document the operation and consequences of corrupt hiring in a health bureaucracy. Hires pay bribes averaging 17 months of salary, but contrary to conventional wisdom, their observable quality is comparable to counterfactual merit-based hires. Exploiting variation across jobs, I show that the consequences of corrupt allocations depend on the correlation between wealth and quality among applicants: service delivery outcomes are good for jobs where this was positive and poor when negative. In this setting, the correlation was typically positive, leading to relatively good performance of hires. (JEL D73, I11, J16, J24, J45, M51, O17) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. REAL GOLD, DOLLARS, AND PAPER GOLD.
- Author
-
Mundell, Robert A.
- Subjects
GOLD ,SPECIAL drawing rights ,FOREIGN exchange ,BALANCE of payments deficit ,VALUATION ,MONETARY systems ,PRICES - Abstract
The article suggests that there are three alternatives to overcome the U.S. balance payment of deficit. The author of this article argues that increasing crises occur in the system because of the udervaluation of gold, that the elasticity of the gold exchange standard based on the U.S. balance of payments has enabled the system to operate successfully in the past decade, and that the use of paper gold is the only device on which a lasting world monetary system can be based. The so called U.S. "balance-of-payments deficit" is the result of sign the growth in world demand for reserve media which, since 1958, could only be supplied by the U.S. and is not the consequence of a faulty adjustment mechanism. Elimination of the system of crises could be accomplished either by an increase in the real price of gold or by the introduction of paper gold, but the simultaneous elimination of the sequences of crises and the U.S. balance-of-payments deficit can only be resolved by the introduction of paper gold. Therefore a solution through paper gold is better than return to real gold.
- Published
- 1969
40. The British White Paper on Employment Policy.
- Author
-
Joseph, M.F.E.
- Subjects
EMPLOYMENT ,EMPLOYMENT policy ,LABOR policy ,PUBLIC spending ,ECONOMIC recovery ,BUSINESS cycles - Abstract
There has been an ever-growing stream of books, pamphlets and articles on how to achieve and maintain employment, as of September 1944. It has become quite impossible for economists to read all these recipes, mainly because they all say more or less the same thing. They nearly all agree that the way to keep up the level of national employment is to keep up the level of national expenditure. In one way and another, national expenditure was permitted to increase in a number of countries, and some measure of recovery was achieved in the process. The reason for the recovery was not always understood, it was attributed to cheap money, an unbalanced budget, raising of tariffs, devaluation of the currency, increasing the general price level and so on, by the countries adopting these various measures. It was not realized that it was only in so far as the measures taken involved an increase in the total volume of spending in the country concerned that they could raise its level of employment at all and that in itself a rise in prices, far from promoting recovery, diminished the effect in stimulating employment of a given increase in spending. The article talks about the recent British government report on employment policy. There is nothing particularly novel about any of the measures recommended in the policy, nor do they involve any revolutionary change in economic practice or organization. What is new is, first, that the government there accept as one of their primary aims and responsibilities the maintenance of a high and stable level of employment and second, that the various measures proposed are commended as part of a single coherent plan.
- Published
- 1944
41. MARGINAL COLLATERAL TO DISCOUNTS AT THE FEDERAL RESERVE BANKS.
- Author
-
Westerfield, Ray B.
- Subjects
LOMBARD loans ,FEDERAL Reserve banks ,MARGINAL utility ,SECURITIES ,CREDIT control ,BANKING industry - Abstract
This article examines the practice of the federal reserve banks in requiring eligible or near-eligible paper as so-called "marginal" or "additional collateral," to paper discounted by them, in contradistinction to advances on member bank' notes payable collateraled by United States securities or eligible paper. As a setting for collateraled discounts, the history and purposes of collateraled advances are stated, as well as the reasons for the ascendancy of such advances over discount. In their publications the federal reserve authorities fail to acknowledge any difference between (1) rediscounting and (2) allowing advances against eligible paper pledged; nor do they report separately the absolute or relative amount of discounts to which "additional collateral" is required, nor the "margin" required, nor the number of members putting up such margins, nor any other data relative thereto. There are no provisions in the Federal Reserve act or regulations for the practice; and yet it is no mean method of credit control. The reasons offered by the reserve banks for the practice are: (1) to repress excessive borrowing by the applicant member, in the Interest of the reserve bank, of the applicant member, or of the system as a whole, using this device as a supplement to credit rationing, discount rate variation, and moral suasion; (2) to increase the protection to the reserve banks themselves for credits granted; (8) to compensate for the less rigid insistence by the reserve banks on technical qualifications in credit granting and thus to make possible greater extensions of credit to members than can be had on the strict merit of the paper offered for discount; and (4) to acquiesce in greater degree to the traditional methods of Inter-bank finance and to break down the isolation of the reserve banks from the business and financial world. Each of these reasons is examined and criticized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1932
42. DISCUSSION.
- Author
-
Rovensky, John E., Krech, A.W., Holdsworth, J.T., and Bogart, E.L.
- Subjects
INDUSTRIES ,DEBT ,PAPER money ,BUDGET ,TAX incidence - Abstract
In view of the unsettled condition of European industry and finance, of the depreciated and fluctuating exchanges, and of the enormously heavy tax burdens, existing or prospective, pressure for prompt payment of either principal or interest at any early date would be most unwise. But eventual payment under a generously elastic funding arrangement is both possible and probable. The burden of settling for past wars will be less irksome than that of earlier days devoted to preparation for future wars, and the disturbance to the international money markets and exchange long since stabilized will be inconsiderable. Though advocating the cancellation of this foreign indebtedness, It should, however be a endeavor to make it at the same time an instrument of reform. It might fairly be required, in return for a gradual and progressive cancellation of these debts, that the debtor nations balance their budgets, that they stop the further emission of paper money and that they apply their resources to economic purposes rather than to armament.
- Published
- 1922
43. American Economic Journal: Microeconomics.
- Subjects
ECONOMIC periodicals ,MICROECONOMICS ,PERIODICAL publishing ,PERIODICAL editors ,PUBLISHED articles ,PERIODICAL articles - Abstract
This article presents discusses the "American Economic Journal: Microeconomics." The author offers information regarding the editorial staff of the journal, the publication processes, and article submission statistics. Several charts are provided that describe the recent history of the journal's publication as well as the main topics of its articles.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. EDUCATIONAL CAMPAIGN CONCERNING COMMERCIAL PAPER.
- Published
- 1917
45. Unwatched Pollution: The Effect of Intermittent Monitoring on Air Quality.
- Author
-
Zou, Eric Yongchen
- Subjects
AIR quality monitoring ,POLLUTION ,ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring ,ENVIRONMENTAL standards ,POLLUTION monitoring ,MARINE pollution - Abstract
Intermittent monitoring of environmental standards may induce strategic changes in polluting activities. This paper documents local strategic responses to a cyclical, once-every-six-day air quality monitoring schedule under the federal Clean Air Act. Using satellite data of monitored areas, I show that air quality is significantly worse on unmonitored days. This effect is explained by short-term suppression of pollution on monitored days, especially during high-pollution periods when the city's noncompliance risk is high. Cities' use of air quality warnings increases on monitored days, which suggests local governments' role in coordinating emission reductions. (JEL K32, Q35, Q58, R11) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. The Nurture of Nature and the Nature of Nurture: How Genes and Investments Interact in the Formation of Skills.
- Author
-
Houmark, Mikkel Aagaard, Ronda, Victor, and Rosholm, Michael
- Subjects
NATURE & nurture ,PARENTAL influences ,GENES ,GENETICS - Abstract
This paper studies the interplay between genetics and family investments in the process of skill formation. We model and estimate the joint evolution of skills and parental investments throughout early childhood. We document three genetic mechanisms: the direct effect of child genes on skills, the indirect effect of child genes via parental investments, and family genetic influences captured by parental genes. We show that genetic effects are dynamic, increase over time, and operate via environmental channels. Our paper highlights the value of integrating biological and social perspectives into a single unified framework. (JEL I24, I26, J12, J13, J24) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics.
- Subjects
ECONOMIC periodicals ,SCHOLARLY peer review ,SCHOLARLY periodical editing ,REVISION (Writing process) ,SCHOLARLY communication - Abstract
The article offers a report on the journal "American Economic Journal: Applied Economics" ("AEJ: Applied") for 2016. Topics include a list of peer reviewers for the journal, the editorial process for the journal, and journal policies regarding access to article data and revisions to articles in relation to author contracts.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Editors' Introduction.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions - Abstract
An introduction is presented that discusses the volume theme papers and proceedings from the January 2017 annual meeting of the organization American Economic Association, noting the criteria for the selection of papers by president-elect Alvin Roth of the Association.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Heterogeneous Treatment Effects in Impact Evaluation†.
- Author
-
Vivalt, Eva
- Subjects
SOCIAL impact assessment ,NONPROFIT organizations ,SOCIAL services ,META-analysis ,EVALUATION research (Social action programs) - Abstract
It is very important to know how much we can extrapolate from a study's results. This paper examines the issue using data from impact evaluations in development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. American Economic Journal: Microeconomics.
- Subjects
ECONOMIC periodicals ,MICROECONOMICS - Abstract
Information regarding the scholarly periodical entitled the "American Economic Journal: Microeconomics," published by the American Economic Association, is presented.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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