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Bidding competition of international projects is more and more fierce currently. However, China started late relatively in the field, it is still lack of experience in the aspect of participation in bidding of international projects, and more effective bidding quotation system is not formed till present. Therefore, China can not win through systemic bidding quotation methods compared with many powerful bidding enterprises in the international field. Research on the field is also focused by many aspects as a result. It is urgent to solve related problems. Game theory is combined for analyzing the effectiveness and operability of bidding quotation models mainly based on current situation of bidding market in China international projects during research process in the paper. The research starts with the perspective of bidders for analyzing their game with tenderers and other bidders. The results have operational value aiming at bidders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on theory of convergence, firstly, per-capita GDP difference convergence model of underdeveloped regions and developing regions compared with developed regions are established, then, convergence model of energy consumption intensity difference compared with per-capita GDP difference is built, from which, it is found that China's regional per-capita GDP growth shows convergence trend, and convergence rate of energy consumption intensity is slightly slower than the per-capita GDP. So, it is suggested that the local government should fully consider the convergence characteristics of regional energy consumption difference to guarantee not only economic growth but also energy saving and emission reduction in order to ensure sustained economic growth in the implementation of energy-saving emission reduction strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water shortage has been a great issue in nowadays. Thus, the prediction of future water consumption situation in an area appears especially important. The water demand includes industrial water, agricultural water and domestic water. The paper take Tianjin, China as the study object to predict the Tianjin's water consumption in future 15 years. To get more accurate result, we use Grey Forecasting Model, to get the correlation degree between water consumption, domestic water consumption, industrial water consumption and agricultural water consumption, we successfully figure out the water demand in 2030 will be 2.47 billion cubic meters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1999, the Working Group for Women in Physics (WGWIP) in Taiwan was registered within the Physical Society of Republic of China (renamed the Physical Society of Taiwan in 2017) and became a formal committee in 2003. Since then, the committee has worked on promoting women physicists and monitoring statistics on the status of progress. According to data collected by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan, the percentage of women graduated from physics and astronomy departments is around 14% in bachelor’s, 17% in master’s, and 13% in PhD programs. The inclination of young female students to choose a physics major has not changed much in the past few years. The numbers of female faculty members have improved slightly. About 77% female faculty are now in tenured positions, but the overall percentage of women in physics and astronomy departments has varied little in the last 10 years. The approved science projects granted by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) in Taiwan for female physicists demonstrate the tendency of increasing budgets. In this paper, we present the results of our survey and discuss the required directions for our future steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beta measured from the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) is the most widely used risk to estimate expected return. In this paper factors that influence Shanghai A-share stock return based on CAPM are explored and investigated. Price data of 312 companies listed on Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) from the year 2000 to 2011 are investigated. This study employed the Fama-MacBeth cross-sectional method to avoid weakness of traditional CAPM. In addition, this study improves the model by adjusting missing data. Findings of this study justifies that systematic risk can explain the portfolios' returns of China SSE stock market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High field superconducting magnets need strong non-superconducting components for structural reinforcement. For instance, the ITER magnet system (MS) consists of cable-in-conduit conductor, coil case, magnet support, and insulating materials. Investigation of mechanical properties at magnet operation temperature with specimens machined at the final manufacturing stages of the conductor jacket materials, magnet support material, and insulating materials, even the component of the full-size conductor jacket is necessary to establish sound databases for the products. In China, almost all mechanical property tests of structural materials for the ITER MS, including conductor jacket materials of TF coils, PF coils, CCs, case material of CCs, conductor jacket materials of Main Busbars (MB) and Corrector Busbars (CB), material of magnet supports, and insulating materials of CCs have been carried out at the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry (TIPC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). In this paper, the mechanical property test facilities are briefly demonstrated and the mechanical tests on the structural materials for the ITER MS, highlighting test rigs as well as test methods, are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After basic research of almost two decades on heavy ion therapy at the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, techniques of heavy ion beam delivery and treatment planning have been established. Clinical trial of heavy ion therapy has gotten started since 2006 at IMP. Due to the encouraging clinical results, two dedicated heavy-ion therapy facilities are now under construction in Lanzhou and Wuwei, China, through the efforts of the IMP researchers. The progress of the project of heavy ion cancer therapy at IMP is introduced concisely in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clouds have been known as the key components of atmospheric processes in climate, weather, and environment related issues. Owing to its highly complicated processes relating to atmospheric dynamic, macro and microphysical characteristics reveal distinct regional and seasonal features, thus observations at various typical sites are very important to quantitatively understand cloud characteristics with their functions. In this paper, we introduce combined ground-based instruments, i.e., a Mie Lidar, a Ka-band Doppler radar, an IR and a visible all sky imagers, and an automatic weather station, to continuously observe the clouds over Beijing. Synthetic analyses are made to derive the cloud base height, vertical structure, horizontal distribution, radiative effect, etc. About 1 year observation data are used to obtain the statistics of cloud characteristics in this area. A simple introduction of the surface-based remote sensing system and some preliminary results are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Progress in the development of underwater sound projectors over the past thirty years in China is presented in this paper. This progress may be divided into four parts:(I) The development of new underwater sound projectors based on new transducer materials such as rare earth giant magnetostrictive materials, relaxation ferroelectric materials and piezoelectric composite materials; (II) The design of new structures and energy transfer mechanisms such as flex-tensional transducers, mosaic cylindrical transducers, longitudinal transducers, flexural disk and beam transducers; (III) The development of new configurations that broaden transducer bandwidth such as free-flooded ring transducers, broadband free-flooded flex-tensional transducers, doubly-excited longitudinal transducers, hybrid longitudinal transducers and matching layer technology; (IV) The development of new transducer design and analysis tools such as finite-element models for complex geometries, structure and fluid coupling mechanisms. These models have been used to optimize the design of a variety of projectors including low-frequency transducers, high power transducers and broadband wide-beam transducers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the forecasting ability of Mallows Model Averaging (MMA) by conducting an empirical analysis of five Asia countries, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia and China's GDP growth rate. Results reveal that MMA has no noticeable differences in predictive ability compared to the general autoregressive fractional integrated moving average model (ARFIMA) and its predictive ability is sensitive to the effect of financial crisis. MMA could be an alternative forecasting method for samples without recent outliers such as financial crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Outdoor thermal comfort is known to be influenced by adaptations, which leads to different outdoor thermal environment preferences due to climate change by locations. This paper compared the reactions to outdoor thermal environment between local people and tourist in winter in Harbin, which locates in typical severely cold climate zone in China. It was found that, in winter, compared with local people, the thermal comfort vote (TCV) of tourist is more sensitive to thermal sensation vote (TSV), and the satisfaction vote (TSaV) of local people is more sensitive to thermal comfort vote (TCV), which means that, for tourists in Harbin in winter, the change of thermal sensation will strongly influence people's thermal comfort, but the satisfaction vote to the environment will stay in a high level range, and the local people react against that. For the local people, the satisfaction vote (TSaV) and thermal sensation vote (TSV) shows a liner positive relationship, and for the tourists, the satisfaction vote (TSaV) and thermal sensation vote (TSV) shows a quadric relationship, and when TSV equals to -2 (cool), the TSaV of tourists get a peak value, which should be due to people's travel expectations to Harbin climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shale gas is a clean and unconventional natural gas resource with abundant reserves, but it is difficult to mine. In view of the status quo of shale gas development, in this paper introduces the technical difficulties of drilling shale-gas wells and the research and application progress of domestic shale gas water-based drilling fluids in the past five years were introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Picoplankton are the component of plankton in the size range 0.2-2.0 micrometers, because of their sensitivity to the water environmental change, they can be effectively used as early indicators of eutrophication. This paper is focusing on the relative and absolute abundance of picoplankton in different eutrophic status freshwater bodies. The distribution of picoplankton (Prochlorococcus, Picoeukaryotes and heterotrophic bacteria) in Chenhang Reservior, Dianshan Lake, the middle section of Huangpu River and Bailianjing River which represent different eutrophic status was studied during May to June, 2009. According to the traditional definition for the eutrophication of lakes (reservoirs), The Chenhang Reservoir and Dianshan Lake represented a mesotrophic condition and a light eutrophic condition, respectively. While the middle reach of Huangpu River and Bailianjing River represented a mesoeutrophic and hypereutrophic state, respectively. In Chenhang Reservoir and Dianshan Lake, Prochloroccus and Picoeukaryotes were both found, the orders of magnitude of Prochloroccus and Picoeukaryotes cell abundances in both waters were 105 ind/mL and 103 ind/mL, respectively. In the middle reach of Huangpu River and Bailianjing River, only Picoeukaryotes were detected, and the orders of rmagnitude of Picoeukaryotes cell abundances were 103 ind/mL. The orders of magnitude of heterotrophic bacteria cell abundances in four fresh water systems were among 105-105 ind/mL. So it could be conclude that Prochloroccus was dominant in mesotrophic and light eutrophic water, while in mesoeutrophic or hypereutrophic water, Picoeukaryotes was the dominant species. The cell abundances of autotrophic picoplankton in the Middle reach of Huangpu River and Bailianjing River were lower than that of in Chenhang Reservoir and Dianshan Lake. However, the biomass percentage of picoplankton to total phytoplankton increased by the increasing eutrophication status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of urbanization in China, lots of residential area wastewater was directly discharged into the rivers or lakes, which led to eutrophication and the increasing pollution of the water environment. In order to improve ammonia removal capability from the residential area wastewater, zeolite was modified in this paper. Some results for virgin zeolite were revealed by SEM and X ray diffraction. The best results could be attained by combined modification with orthogonal experiment. The adsorption capacity of modified zeolite could be reach mean value of 137.14 meq/100 g, which was 1.8 times than virgin zeolite. The results of bench scale experiments showed that the data in the experiments were in line with Langmuir isotherms for ammonium ion absorbed onto modified zeolite. Moreover, it demonstrated that the biofilm which attached on the surface of modified zeolite only modified the surface feature of modified zeolite, while ion-exchange and diffusion procedure were not affected. So the zeolite was suggested as a suitable material for adsorbing ammonia of residential area wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports an investigation on pollution and potential risk on elements of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in sediments from Lake Aha, which is a drinking-water source for Guiyang City, the capital of Guizhou Province in southwestern China. In the present research, chemical speciation of Fe and Mn in sediments from the lake was studied based on the sequential extraction procedure developed by Tessier et al.. The results obtained from the study are as follows. The average values of total Fe were 47617 mg/kg and 70325 mg/kg in sediments from the lake in summer and winter respectively, and its speciation consisted mainly of residual and Fe-Mn oxides fractions. The amounts of total Fe and the distribution of its speciation in the sediments should be affected by effluents from a large quantity of deserted coal mines in the lake basin in summer and winter. The average values of total Mn were 7996 mg/kg and 1753 mg/kg in summer and winter respectively, and its speciation is primarily comprised of carbonate and Fe-Mn oxides fractions. The amounts of total Mn and its distribution in different fractions in the sediments were believed to be primarily influenced by effluents from those deserted coal mines in summer and by the condition of redox interface in winter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heavy metals have been well known to cause numerous adverse effects to humans and ecological systems, and pollution of aquatic systems with heavy metals has aroused a huge public concern. The work reported in this paper deals with the distribution characteristics of trace metals (Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni) in ten surface sediments from Lake Hongfeng, situated in Guizhou Province of southwestern China. Apart from total concentration, the distribution of these metals in four fractions (exchangeable and weak acid soluble fraction (F1), reducible fraction (F2), oxidizable fraction (F3) and residual fraction (F4)) was also studied by means of an analytical procedure involving sequential chemical extraction that was proposed by the Commission of the European Communities Bureau of Reference (BCR). Analysis of total concentration suggested that the mean concentrations of heavy metals under study decreased in the order of Zn>Cu>Pb>Ni, and pollution of all these heavy metals in the North Lake was more serious than that in the South Lake. Study of heavy metals chemical speciation revealed that Pb and Cu were mainly distributed in reducible and residual fractions, and Zn and Ni mainly existed in residual fraction. Therefore, special attention should be paid to Pb and Cu since they presented a large fraction distributed in the exchangeable and weak acid soluble fraction and reducible fraction that were associated with high potential bioavailability. The Pearson correlation analysis between these heavy metals distributed in different fractions and some major elements were also carried out, and the results proved that sulfur (H2S) played an important role in distribution and transformation of heavy metals, especially for Pb, Cu and Zn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emission of sulfur dioxide (SO2) produced by the sinter machine takes up more than 50% of the total SO2 emission of the iron and steel industry in China. So it is necessary to take effective measures to strengthen the control of sintering gas desulphurization. A novel sintering gas desulphurization technology, the inner and outer circulating fluidized bed (IOCFB) which is suitable for retrofitting the existing metallurgical industry plants in China will be introduced in this paper. The novel composite internals which can improve the removal efficiency of SO2 is also described. Current research and development needs for IOCFB are to further increase desulphurization efficiency and improve the reliability of plant components. To solve these problems, a pilot plant emulating IOCFB desulfurization processes had been built. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most studies employ qualitative approach to explore the industrial clusters; however, few research has objectively quantified the evolutions of industry clustering. The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively analyze clustering among IC design, IC manufacturing as well as IC packaging and testing industries by using the foreign direct investment (FDI) data. The Lotka-Volterra system equations are first adopted here to capture the competition or cooperation among such three industries, thus explaining their clustering inclinations. The results indicate that the evolution of FDI into China for IC design industry significantly inspire the subsequent FDI of IC manufacturing as well as IC packaging and testing industries. Since IC design industry lie in the upstream stage of IC production, the middle-stream IC manufacturing and downstream IC packing and testing enterprises tend to cluster together with IC design firms, in order to sustain a steady business. Finally, Taiwan IC industry’s FDI amount into China is predicted to cumulatively increase, which supports the industrial clustering tendency for Taiwan IC industry. Particularly, the FDI prediction of Lotka-Volterra model performs superior to that of the conventional Bass model after the forecast accuracy of these two models are compared. The prediction ability is dramatically improved as the industrial mutualism among each IC production stage is taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environment development is a big challenge for China. This paper discusses the content and role of technology policies related to sustainable environment and makes some suggestions for their future development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some latest progress of the laboratory astrophysics in China are reviewed, particularly of those related to the atomic physics. This paper will address the problems related to the data needs in the area of analysis of modelling spectra emitted by laser facilities in laboratory as well as astrophysical plasmas. The atomic data required for some important unsolved problems in stellar spectroscopy are presented as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To analyze the dynamic structure in China’s economic growth during the period 1952–1998, we introduce a model of the aggregate production function for the Chinese economy that considers total factor productivity (TFP) and output elasticities as time-varying parameters. Specifically, this paper is concerned with the relationship between the rate of economic growth in China and the trend in TFP. Here, we consider the time-varying parameters as random variables and introduce smoothness priors to construct a set of Bayesian linear models for parameter estimation. The results of the estimation are in agreement with the movements in China’s social economy, thus illustrating the validity of the proposed methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the end of last century, a High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) tumor therapy system was successfully developed and manufactured in China, which has been already applied to clinical therapy. This article aims to discuss the HIFU therapy system and its application. Detailed research includes the following: power amplifiers for high-power ultrasound, ultrasound transducers with large apertures, accurate 3-D mechanical drives, a software control system (both high-voltage control and low-voltage control), and the B-mode ultrasonic diagnostic equipment used for treatment monitoring. Research on the dosage of ultrasound required for tumour therapy in multiple human cases has made it possible to relate a dosage formula, presented in this paper, to other significant parameters such as the volume of thermal tumor solidification, the acoustic intensity (I), and the ultrasound emission time (tn). Moreover, the HIFU therapy system can be applied to the clinical treatment of both benign and malignant tumors in the pelvic and abdominal cavity, such as uterine fibroids, liver cancer and pancreatic carcinoma. © 2007 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China Research Association of Atomic and Molecular Data (CRAAMD) was founded in 1987, which aimed at organizing the atomic and molecular data research in China, and promoting the data cooperation with international colleagues. Based on the continuous work for many years, especially work and activities in recent years which will be introduced in detail in the present paper, CRAAMD have built up the Atomic and Molecular database which can be freely accessed through the website http://www.camdb.ac.cn. Details of our present database and website will also be introduced. © 2005 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The equipment and technology of small bar tandem rolling line of Shijiazhuang Iron & Steel Co. in China has reached the 90’s international advanced level in the 20th century, but products on the line are mostly of common carbon steel. Currently there are few steel plants in China to produce 45 steel bars for cold drawing, which is a kind of shortage product. Development of 45 steel for cold drawing has a wide market outlook in China. In this paper, continuous cooling transformation (CCT) curve of 45 steel for cold drawing used for rolling was set out first. According to the CCT curve, we determined some key temperature points such as Ac3 temperature and Ac1 temperature during the cooling procedure and discussed the precipitation microstructure at different cooling rate. Then by studying thermal treatment process of 45 steel bars for cold drawing, the influence of cooling time on microstructure was analyzed and the optimum cooling speed has been found. All results concluded from the above studies are the basis of regulating controlled cooling process of 45 steel bars for cold drawing. Finally, the feasible production process of 45 steel bars for cold drawing on common carbon steel production line combined with the field condition was recommended. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last three years (1999 to 2001), the gallium triple-point cell has been successfully developed, and much corresponding research has been carried out at the National Institute of Metrology (NIM), Beijing, China. This paper presents the cell design, apparatus and procedure for realizing the gallium triple point, and presents studies on the different freezing methods. The reproducibility is 0.03 mK, and the expanded uncertainty of realization of the gallium triple point is evaluated to be 0.17 mK (p=0.99, k=2.9). Also, the reproducibility of the gallium triple point was compared with that of the triple point of water. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

16 aircraft missions were conducted for the measurement of atmospheric aerosols in separate days of late spring and early summer of 1996 and 1997. The paper deals with detailed analysis of the variation in vertical distributions of the concentration of the particles and their size distribution at 0∼5 km above ground, with the relations to temperature and relative humidity documented in general. Evidence suggests that the concentrations show differing distribution feature in vertical above and below the cap of the mixed layer; the particle size distribution is subject to a range of forming mechanisms, displaying a multi-modal pattern; the horizontal concentration experiences remarkable variation; temperature and relative humidity stratifications have conspicuous influence on the concentration and size distribution of aerosols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban areas that are experiencing rapid development face various challenges, especially those related to climate change, population welfare and energy. One of the environmental quality studies is carried out using remote sensing-based ecological indexes. Bibliometric analysis has now developed into a widely used tool for viewing research trends globally. Research related to environmental sustainability, environmental quality and urban environment using bibliometric analysis has been carried out in various studies. This study attempts to conduct a bibliometric analysis of global research that examines the quality of the urban environment. With this analysis, it can be seen how the trends in global research regarding the quality of the urban environment are. This dataset includes 234 articles with keywords urban, environmental quality and remote sensing from 1979-2022 from the Scopus database. The bibliometric analysis was carried out using the R software, which is free software for statistical and graphical computing. The package used is bibliometrix. The results of the study indicate that global research trends related to remote sensing, environmental and urban quality can be identified, especially related to most relevant words, word cloud, trend topics and co-occurrence networks. Overall, research on this topic has increased, especially from 2007 to 2022. The country with the most research on this topic is China. The potential for other research that can still be developed can be seen from the co-occurrence network where there are gaps in terms related to urban heat phenomena, comparative analysis, quality assessment, surface temperature, spectral mixture, green space, GIS approach and multi temporal satellite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corona virus or COVID-19 has taken the world by storm. In December 2019 while the world was looking forward to 2020, news broke about an outbreak of a virus thought to be less deadly than SARS and Ebola from China. It started as an isolated case in Wuhan, a province in China, gradually became a global pandemic, spreading across continents and invading countries with devastating effect. As someone rightly said "Globalization also means there are no boundaries for disease!". It spread to around 190 UN countries out of 195. The main source for spread of the virus is due to close proximity droplets during respiration when people cough or sneeze. Although these droplets might be formed during inhalation but the virus is not considered carried by the wind. So the possible way of stopping this pandemic to further be destructive was to break the chain. Therefore, we need to study the approaches followed by various countries to secure this prospect. But as this would not be efficient to analyze all countries approaches, we would be focusing on 3 major countries going through worst scenarios – China, Italy and England. This study could help developing countries to go for such measures in order to save their people while benefitting from the advanced technological inventions in fields of AI and ML, Data Science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waste management is a major duty for the government to handle, because cities must be clean, beautiful, and sanitary for a country to grow. According to estimates, India produces 62 million tonnes of waste every year, making it the world's second most populous metropolis behind China. However, because of the massive scale mixing of the waste, it is a difficult and costly procedure to separate in the final stages. Of the total 62 million tonnes of rubbish, 5.6 million tonnes are plastic waste. As we all know, plastic can be readily recycled, and if plastic is put on Earth/landfills, it poses a severe issue of global warming. For proper recycling process and to provide a cleaner, safer, and more sanitary workplace, as well as increased operational efficiency while lowering management costs and resources segregation of the garbage a Smart way of garbage management with help of modern cutting-edge technologies like Artificial Intelligence and Internet of things should be done. So, in the current work a system which automatically segregates the waste using image processing and Waste/trash is divided into bins provided beneath the conveyer utilising a conveyer system is proposed. Machine Learning and Deep Learning are subsets of Artificial Intelligence using ML and DL we can efficiently segregate trash using camera module and separate them into bins/chambers. And using Internet of things we can remotely control the trash inside the bins with help of readings from ultrasonic sensors inserted, once the trash is above the threshold, we can notify the respected cleaning department which prevents the overflow of the trash. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China’s high-speed railway industry is growing fast, the side effect is that plenty of rolling stock come to the end of life each year. However, there are not relevant standards nor regulations for the recycling of rolling stock in China, which causes pollution and a waste of resources. In this paper, the basic meaning and characteristics of the circular economy is reviewed and applied to the rolling stock industry. The recycling steps are elaborated in detail according to the characteristics of rolling stock. The result proves that circular economy has both the theoretical and practical meaning in the rolling stock recycling industry in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to deal with the increasingly serious aging problem in China, a new model about serving the aged better needs to be explored. This paper puts forward the concept of ecological tourist rural complex for the elderly, a novel pattern that combining the rural retirement place with pastoral complex which is proposed recently. A concrete example of Deteng complex in Mianyang is given to explore the construction condition and planning approach. Three important aspects including pastoral, ecology, serving the aged are the core elements to develop ecological tourist rural complex for the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the further development of the power reform, establishing a sound power system with rich content and efficient operation has become an urgent need. Faced with the current circumstance of power market information disclosure in Shanxi province, this paper fully incorporates the actual situation and introduces the index into the power market information disclosure mechanism, and sets up the general information disclosure framework in Shanxi province power market on the basis of which A direct information disclosure mechanism and an indirect information disclosure mechanism were designed. Then we formulate comprehensive power index system, generation index system, transmission and distribution index system, and power utilization index system. In conclusion, the outcomes above will enrich power information disclosure mechanism in Shanxi province and will provide a platform for various market members as a guidance on setting right business decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to achieve the goal of 15% and 20% of the primary energy consumption in 2020 and 2030. clean low-carbon modem energy systems must be established rapidly. Based on the strategic planning of electric power resources, this paper deeply studies the development trend of renewable energy power generation in Henan Province, compares it with the whole country and central China and analyzes the peak of carbon dioxide emissions from power generation capacity, which provides reference for government and power industry development plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The priority task that underground space development faces is how to cany out scientific evaluation of underground space resources. In order to expand the methods for evaluating the developing potential of underground space of our cities, this paper takes the underground space of comprehensive transportation junction of Shapingba District of Chongqing as an example and adopts multilevel extensive comprehensive evaluation method based on the construction of underground space developing potential evaluation index system to evaluate the developing potential of city underground space. The research results [have shown that multilevel extensive method could clearly obtain the grade of underground space developing potential. The results have generality and could better evaluate the underground space developing potential through plus or minus of the relational degree value of matter element to determine whether it has the degree of a certain property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highway passenger stations are fundamental transportation infrastructure, contributing significant amount of energy consumption in the transportation sector. Based on the climatic divisions in China, investigation on energy consumption of highway passenger stations were conducted and the calculation method for energy consumption indicators was defined. According to the data collected from different climatic divisions, the threshold of unit energy consumption indicator was specified. The factors influencing the energy consumption were analyzed to select the indicators, so as to determine the method for evaluating the energy efficiency standard. A case study was conducted on the severe cold divisions, to examine the feasibility of the method. The result could be used to support the formation of energy conservation and facilitate the sustainable development for highway passenger stations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, 18 and 12 surface sediment samples were collected from Datong Lake and Shanpo Lake, respectively, and the 16 USEPA priority Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in these samples were detected. The result indicated that the Σ16PAHs ranged from 206.56 to 1058.98 ng·g−1 with an average concentration of 667.22 ng·g−1 in sediments from Datong Lake, whereas it ranged from 90.62 to 900.70 ng·g−1 with an average concentration of 364.97 ng·g−1 in sediments from Shanpo Lake. The concentrations of individual PAHs in sediments ranged from 5.50 to 85.23 and from 4.39 to 52.74 ng·g−1 in Datong Lake and Shanpo Lake, respectively. According to the indexes such as HMW/LMW, Ant/(Ant+Phe), Flua/(Flua+Pyr), IcdP/(IcdP+BghiP), and BaA/(BaA+Chr), the PAHs in sediments from both lakes are mainly of pyrogenic origin. The total BaP equivalent in the surface sediment samples from Datong Lake and Shanpo Lake is 42.77 and 33.35 ng·g−1, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduced the group of Women in Physics of Chinese Physical Society, Beijing. An investigation of the female ratio in physics for 13 universities and 2 institutes of Chinese Academy of Sciences is presented. The results show that in China the ratio of women in physics is around 20%, and the higher the career position, the lower ratio becomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is one of the leading developers of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) projects in the world. As it pursues to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, a substantial growth in renewable deployment including CSP is foreseeable. Despite rapid growth of CSP deployment globally and within China, there are limited studies of socioeconomic impacts of CSP projects. Existing studies either focused on other renewable technologies or regions outside of China. This study took a first approach to examine CSP in the region of China, aiming at quantifying the potential socio-economic impacts of a 50 MW demonstration plant using parabolic trough technologies under the SinoTrough project. Multipliers for output, employment, income, and value added were derived from China's 2019 Statistical Yearbook and national Input-Output-Table from 2017. The multipliers were applied to the Jobs and Economic Development Impacts (JEDI) CSP Model, which estimated the potential employment, earnings, economic output, and value added created from construction and annual operation of the plant. The analysis demonstrates that a 50 MW CSP plant in China can bring considerable benefits to its economy. During construction more than 1200 jobs are created on site. Over a lifetime of 25 years of operation plus one year of construction, such a plant would generate in total about 2,267 million USD economic output, 451 million USD income, and 928 million USD value added. The impacts calculated through the model respond almost linearly to changes in multipliers and costs, which tend to fluctuate in response to economic dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Earth's greenhouse gases absorb heat, a rise in greenhouse gas emissions have resulted in global warming, which is affecting the planet's climate in numerous ways. The aim of this research is to study the effect of greenhouse gases on the temperature of the two layers of the atmosphere (troposphere and mesosphere) with the presence of solar radiation effect by taking into account the climate change. The monthly data for GHGs, solar radiation and temperature are taken for the period (2000-2018) above the capital Beijing (latitude 40˚N; longitude 116˚E) in China. The results of data analysis show that, in the tropospheric layer the greenhouse gases have increased and also accompanied by an increase in temperature, an increase in temperature appears despite the decrease in solar rays, and this is strong evidence that greenhouse gases have a significant impact on temperatures, also the increase in greenhouse gases and decrease in solar radiation have a cooling effect on the mesosphere layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is either used to complement standard oncological therapies to help in alleviating patients' symptoms and side effects from chemotherapy, thus improving their quality of life (QOL), including the patient's emotional, social, and physical wellbeing, since pain is the most frequent distress amongst oncological patients, or to directly fight cancer as an alternative therapy to conventional treatments. Common practices of many complementary and alternative treatments emphasise on good nutrition and prophylaxis. Thus, CAM acts by boosting the natural immunity of the body to induce necrosis of carcinogen cells; nevertheless, further scientific research is required to identify and quantify the improvements in oncological patients' health due to the complementary and alternative therapies used. Furthermore, it is also important to discern the effects due to CAM itself, as opposed to those that occur because of other concurrent treatments, and to understand their safety profile, also considering its interaction with conventional oncological therapies. In this study, evidence-based information is analysed and discussed on CAM used for cancer, such as Cannabidiol (CBD), Graviola (soursop), Origanum Vulgare, Zamzam Water (ZW), Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and Paris Polyphylla. Findings suggest that various complementary medical therapies can help to improve oncological patients' wellbeing, when undergone along with standard oncological treatments, e.g., CBD proved beneficial for improving a variety of symptoms, such as pain and nausea. Similarly, alternative therapies, such as TCM, are approved to be used in China to treat various tumours. Furthermore, the side effects of conventional treatments and dissatisfaction were identified amongst the push factors to use CAM, whilst pull factors included the positive aspects associated with CAM, such as fewer side effects, stronger immunity, and an enhanced QOL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online impulse purchase has constantly received research attentions due to its theoretical implications and economic contribution to businesses. However, equal attention has not been paid to impulse purchase behavior in live streaming commerce, given that it is a newly emerged shopping channel. The objective of the study is to examine the role of parasocial interaction relationship on impulse purchase behavior. The study investigates streamer's characteristics' effects on the formation of parasocial interaction with viewers and how parasocial interaction affects consumer's affective state to allure impulse purchase behavior in live streaming commerce. A conceptual framework is proposed to test the relationship based on Stimulus-Organism-Response framework and parasocial interaction theory. A survey questionnaire is developed and distributed via online to reach consumers who made actual purchase through live streaming commerce in China. The result will contribute to the body of knowledge on impulse purchase in live streaming commerce. It benefits marketers and businesses to formulate better marketing strategies to gain economic profits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the fastest growing telecom sectors is Indian telecommunication sector and become the world second largest network to China. The telecom sector have seen a massive growth when compared with other sectors since 1990s. The Major sectors are the telephony, internet and television broadcasting in Indian telecommunication industry The telecommunication offerings provided by this telecommunication industry are effortlessly accessible at low-priced costs to the clients of city areas and rural regions of India. India's telecom network encompasses noticeably specific era inside the global. Government has encouraged the sector to penetrate in the country by adopting the appropriate policies. There are 10 million monthly subscribers in Indian. The operating performance depends on certain financial factors. A close relationship is established between the variables, like liquidity, profitability, viability and sustainability. So, the study concentrates on empirical approach towards impact of privatization of telecom industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 60MW China Advanced Research Reactor (CARR) at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) has achieved the full power in March, 2012. Ten instruments are built at the Phase I, and seven of them have been installed and aligned. During the first neutron experiment in August, 2012, five instruments have got the diffraction patterns. A brief introduction of CARR and the latest progress of neutron scattering instruments at CARR have been presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the shale reservoirs, fractures play an important role, which not only provide space for the oil and gas, but also offer favorable petroleum migration channel. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the fractures characteristics in shale reservoirs for the exploration and development of shale gas. In this paper, four analysis technologies involving coherence, curvature attribute, structural stress field simulation and pre-stack P-wave azimuthal anisotropy have been applied to predict the fractures distribution in the Longmaxi formation, Silurian, southeast of Sichuan Basin, China. By using the coherence and curvature attribute, we got the spatial distribution characteristics of fractures in the study area. Structural stress field simulation can help us obtain distribution characteristics of structural fractures. And using the azimuth P-wave fracture detection technology, we got the characteristics about the fracture orientation and density of this region. Application results show that there are NW and NE fractures in the study block, which is basically consistent with the result of log interpretation. The results also provide reliable geological basis for shale gas sweet spots prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the global environmental problems and energy crisis continuously emerging, all countries are taking active measures to achieve the benign development of domestic economy and society. Vehicle, as a large oil consumption and emissions of carbon dioxide, nend to be a revolutionary change. Therefore, the development of new energy electric vehicle has become the consensus of the world. On this background, this paper has sorted out the current state and the related development planning of new energy electric vehicles in different countries to predict the car ownership of the new energy electric vehicles using elastic coefficient method and setting different path of development, conclude that under the consideration of energy conservation and emissions reduction factors, our country should mainly promote the BEV to realize the maximum energy conservation and emissions reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper makes use of 2006-2015-tiine sequence as data to build up a two-evaluation index system of the construction of golden waterway of Yangtze River and economy development along the Yangtze River. Through building the cooperated development mode, there is quantitative evaluation of the cooperation development degree of shipping of Yangtze River and the economy along the river. The result shows that the cooperation relationship is in steady upward trend; the cooperation development degree of three regions shows certain feature of crust; the cooperation development degree of 9 provinces and 2 cities in Yangtze River Economic Belt has obvious space difference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zhuji station is one of the important rainfall stations of puyangriver basin. By forecast of zhuji station's rainfall, we can provide the basis information support to Puyang river basin flood control decision. Once there were many predicting methods, such as ANN, etc. But these methods are not very precisely. This paper uses wavelet analysis to decompose rainfall series, then it uses ANFIS to modeling the decomposed series, in the end it combined these series. The result shows that, the prediction accuracy rises a lot, and it is fit to use in rainfall predict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An accurate used car price evaluation is a catalyst for the healthy development of used car market. Data mining has been applied to predict used car price in several articles. However, little is studied on the comparison of using different algorithms in used car price estimation. This paper collects more than 100,000 used car dealing records throughout China to do empirical analysis on a thorough comparison of two algorithms: linear regression and random forest. These two algorithms are used to predict used car price in three different models: model for a certain car make, model for a certain car series and universal model. Results show that random forest has a stable but not ideal effect in price evaluation model for a certain car make, but it shows great advantage in the universal model compared with linear regression. This indicates that random forest is an optimal algorithm when handling complex models with a large number of variables and samples, yet it shows no obvious advantage when coping with simple models with less variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Network capability is the enterprise's capability to set up, manage, maintain and use a variety of relations between enterprises, and to obtain resources for improving competitiveness. Tourism in China is in a transformation period from sightseeing to leisure and vacation. Scenic spots as well as tourist enterprises can learn from some other enterprises in the process of resource development, and build up its own network relations in order to get resources for their survival and development. Through the effective management of network relations, the performance of resource development will be improved. By analyzing literature on network capability and the case analysis of Wuxi Huishan Ancient Town, the role of network capacity in the tourism resource development is explored and resource development path is built from the perspective of network capability. Finally, the tourism resource development process model based on network capacity is proposed. This model mainly includes setting up network vision, resource identification, resource acquisition, resource utilization and tourism project development. In these steps, network construction, network management and improving network center status are key points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]