7,401 results
Search Results
2. Fabrication of micro-fibrillated cellulose crystals for recycled paper reinforcement and application of biocoat for barrier properties improvement
- Author
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Dingcong, Malachi Simon C., primary and Magdaluyo, Eduardo R., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Conversion of paper waste to bioethanol using selected enzyme combination (cellulase and cellobiase) through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
- Author
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Darmawan, Muhammad Arif, primary, Hermawan, Yulis Aswar, additional, Samsuri, M., additional, and Gozan, Misri, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Fungal deterioration of old manuscripts of European paper origin
- Author
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Oetari, A., primary, Natalius, A., additional, Komalasari, D., additional, Susetyo-Salim, T., additional, and Sjamsuridzal, W., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. ZnS-paper based flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator
- Author
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Sultana, Ayesha, primary, Middya, Tapas Ranjan, additional, and Mandal, Dipankar, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Review paper on water quality with relation to extreme value theory
- Author
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Amin, Nor Azrita Mohd, primary and Hamid, Hamzah Abdul, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Solution-processed nanocrystalline PbS on paper substrate with pencil traced electrodes as visible photodetector
- Author
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Vankhade, Dhaval, primary and Chaudhuri, Tapas K., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Waste to wealth concept: Disposable RGO filter paper for flexible temperature sensor applications
- Author
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Neella, Nagarjuna, primary, Kedambaimoole, Vaishakh, additional, Gaddam, Venkateswarlu, additional, Nayak, M. M., additional, and Rajanna, K., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Research paper recommender system evaluation using collaborative filtering
- Author
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Haruna, Khalid, primary and Ismail, Maizatul Akmar, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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10. Cellulolytic and xerophilic fungi from old manuscripts of European paper origin
- Author
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Oetari, A., primary, Natalius, A., additional, Komalasari, D., additional, and Sjamsuridzal, W., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Compartmental profile of solids content in modified anaerobic inclining-baffled reactor treating recycled paper mill effluent
- Author
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Zwain, Haider M., primary, Marshdi, Qosai Sahib, additional, Murshedi, Kareem Radii Obaid, additional, and Dahlan, Irvan, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Physical and mechanical properties of jute fiber and jute fiber reinforced paper bag with tamarind seed gum as a binder - An eco-friendly material
- Author
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Arunavathi, S., primary, Eithiraj, R. D., additional, and Veluraja, K., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Semantic super networks: A case analysis of Wikipedia papers
- Author
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Kostyuchenko, Evgeny, primary, Lebedeva, Taisiya, additional, and Goritov, Alexander, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. A paper-based device for double-stranded DNA detection with Zif268
- Author
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Zhang, Daohong, primary
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Nanoparticle fillers obtained from wood processing wastes for reinforcing of paper
- Author
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Laka, Marianna, primary, Vikele, Laura, additional, Rozenberga, Linda, additional, and Janceva, Sarmite, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Effects of scatter-correction pre-processing methods and spectral derivative algorithms on forensic classification of paper
- Author
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Lee, Loong-Chuen, primary, Liong, Choong-Yeun, additional, Osman, Khairul, additional, and Jemain, Abdul Aziz, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. The effect of recycled aggregate concrete incorporating waste paper sludge ash as partial replacement of cement
- Author
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Fauzi, M. A., primary, Sulaiman, H., additional, Ridzuan, A. R. M., additional, and Azmi, A. N., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Conversion of paper waste to bioethanol using selected enzyme combination (cellulase and cellobiase) through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
- Author
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Muhammad Arif Darmawan, Yulis Aswar Hermawan, M. Samsuri, and Misri Gozan
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Hydrolysis ,chemistry ,biology ,Biofuel ,biology.protein ,Lignin ,Fermentation ,Hemicellulose ,Cellulase ,Raw material ,Cellulose ,Pulp and paper industry - Abstract
One of the relatively inexpensive alternative energy sources in terms of production and relatively environment friendly was the development of bioethanol from urban wastes that contain many lignocellulose such as paper waste. This study characterizes the composition of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in blank HVS paper, inked HVS and newspaper. The results showed the predominate cellulose (49-60 %) while the lignin concentration was very low due to the removal of colors (lignin) in the manufacturing process. The experiments continued with synthesis of bioethanol through Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) process. A combination of enzymes (Cellulase + Cellobiase) in 1:1 weight ratio and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used for hydrolysis and fermentation in the SSF process. Paper waste from newspapers, inked HVS, and empty HVS papers were used as raw materials. The initial pH of SSF in the column was at pH 5. Variation of enzyme concentration was carried at 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 g. The SSF process was carried out at incubation time of 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, and 96 hours. The ink affected the concentration of bioethanol produced. In this study, the best bioethanol content was produced by inked HVS and Newspapers at 0.5 grams of enzyme with a concentration of 1531 and 1111 ppm, respectively.
- Published
- 2019
19. Waste to wealth concept: Disposable RGO filter paper for flexible temperature sensor applications
- Author
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K. Rajanna, Vaishakh Kedambaimoole, Venkateswarlu Gaddam, Nagarjuna Neella, and M. M. Nayak
- Subjects
Fabrication ,Materials science ,Filter paper ,law ,Graphene ,Nanotechnology ,Thin film ,Temperature coefficient ,Piezoresistive effect ,Filtration ,Flexible electronics ,law.invention - Abstract
We have developed a flexible reduced graphene oxide (RGO) temperature sensor on filter paper based cellulose substrate using vacuum filtration method. One of the most commonly used synthesized methods for RGO thin films is vacuum filtration process. It has several advantages such as simple operation and good controllability. The structural analysis was carried out by FE-SEM, in which the surface morphology images confirm the formation of RGO nanostructures on the filter paper substrate. It was observed that the pores of the filter paper were completely filled with the RGO material during the filtration process, subsequently the formation of continuous RGO thin films. As a results, the RGO films exhibits a piezoresistive property. The resulted RGO based films on the filter paper reveals the semiconducting behavior having sensitivity of 0.278 Omega/degrees C and negative temperature coefficient (NTC) about -0.00254 Omega / Omega /degrees C. Thus, we demonstrate a simplified way for the fabrication of RGO films on filter paper that possesses better and easier measurable macroscopic electrical properties. Our approach is for easy way of electronics, cost-effective and environment friendly fabrication route for flexible conducting graphene films on filter paper. This will enable for the potential applications in flexible electronics in various fields including biomedical, automobile and aerospace engineering.
- Published
- 2018
20. Heavy metal ions adsorption from pulp and paper industry wastewater using zeolite/activated carbon-ceramic composite adsorbent
- Author
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Tine Aprianti, Siti Miskah, Surya Hatina, Ria Komala, and Selpiana
- Subjects
Industrial wastewater treatment ,Cadmium ,Adsorption ,Wastewater ,Chemistry ,medicine ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Sewage treatment ,Environmental pollution ,Pulp and paper industry ,Zeolite ,Activated carbon ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Leachate wastewater from pulp and paper industry is known for containing various types of heavy metals such as Cd (Cadmium), Ba (Barium) and Cu (Cuprum). The existence of heavy metals that accumulates and eventually exceeds certain threshold concentrations will cause environmental pollution, therefore it is necessary to conduct wastewater treatment to eliminate or at least reduce the heavy metal content in industrial wastewater. One of the most commonly used wastewater treatment method is using adsorbent, this study uses adsorbent made from the mixture of clay, zeolite and activated carbon formed into ceramic balls with ± 0.5 cm diameter. The ratios of the mixture of clay, zeolite and activated carbon are 6:3:1; 6:2,5:1,5; 6:2:2; 6:1,5:2,5 and 6:1:3 with variations of contact time 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 minutes. The most favorable concentration reduction of heavy metals occurred at the longest contact time of 150 minutes at 6:3:1 adsorbent ratio, Cd concentration decreases from 0.65 mg/L to 0.03 mg /L, Ba concentration decreases from 0.86 mg/L to 0.04 mg/L and Cu concentration is from 0.6 mg/L to 0.02 mg/L. These prove that the ceramic zeolite/carbon-ceramic composite adsorbent can be an alternative to treat wastewater containing heavy metals derived from the pulp and paper industry.
- Published
- 2018
21. Compartmental profile of solids content in modified anaerobic inclining-baffled reactor treating recycled paper mill effluent
- Author
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Irvan Dahlan, Qosai Sahib Marshdi, Haider M. Zwain, and Kareem Radii Obaid Murshedi
- Subjects
Materials science ,Hydraulic retention time ,business.industry ,Chemical oxygen demand ,Environmental engineering ,Paper mill ,Biodegradation ,Pulp and paper industry ,Total dissolved solids ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Lignin ,business ,Effluent ,Anaerobic exercise - Abstract
Recycled paper mill effluent (RPME) contains high concentrations of organic matters and total solids, and therefore requires proper treatment prior to discharge. There is a lack of experimental data available on the biodegradation of solids contents of RPME and digested sludge in anaerobic reactors. In this study, the treatment of RPME was studied using five compartments modified anaerobic inclining-baffled reactor (MAI-BR). The compartmental profiles of TSS, VSS, TDS and lignin contents, and floc size were investigated at different influent chemical oxygen demand concentration (CODin) from 1,000 to 4,000 mg/L, and hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 3 to 1 days (corresponding to organic loading rate (OLR) from 0.33 to 4 g/L day). The results showed that the contents of TSS, VSS and lignin were the highest at Compartment 1 (14,818-32,130 mg/L), (6,772-20,548 mg/L) and (7-227 mg/L), and gradually decreased towards Compartment 5 (627-8,518 mg/L), (281-6,145 mg/L) and (7-22 mg/L), respectively. Conversely, the content of TDS was low at Compartment 1 (508-712 mg/L) and slightly increased towards Compartment 5 (531-836 mg/L). Throughout 126 days, the floc size at Compartmental 1 was increased from 104 to 731 µm, similarly for other compartments. These results concluded that Compartment 1 played a major role in the operation of MAI-BR treating RPME.Recycled paper mill effluent (RPME) contains high concentrations of organic matters and total solids, and therefore requires proper treatment prior to discharge. There is a lack of experimental data available on the biodegradation of solids contents of RPME and digested sludge in anaerobic reactors. In this study, the treatment of RPME was studied using five compartments modified anaerobic inclining-baffled reactor (MAI-BR). The compartmental profiles of TSS, VSS, TDS and lignin contents, and floc size were investigated at different influent chemical oxygen demand concentration (CODin) from 1,000 to 4,000 mg/L, and hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 3 to 1 days (corresponding to organic loading rate (OLR) from 0.33 to 4 g/L day). The results showed that the contents of TSS, VSS and lignin were the highest at Compartment 1 (14,818-32,130 mg/L), (6,772-20,548 mg/L) and (7-227 mg/L), and gradually decreased towards Compartment 5 (627-8,518 mg/L), (281-6,145 mg/L) and (7-22 mg/L), respectively. Conversely, t...
- Published
- 2017
22. Comparison of two amine collectors as heavy metal reduction agents of mill waste in pulp and paper industry
- Author
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Nimpan Bangun, Edy Saputra, Jamaran Kaban, and Maria Peratenta Sembiring
- Subjects
Metal ,Reduction (complexity) ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Environmental science ,Mill ,Amine gas treating ,Pulp and paper industry - Published
- 2018
23. Microstructure of the pulp and paper additives for stone-mastic asphalt concrete
- Author
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Tatiana Abaidullina, Petr Chepur, and Dmitry Yastremsky
- Subjects
Micrometre ,Cellulose fiber ,Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,Pulp (paper) ,engineering ,Polymer concrete ,engineering.material ,Composite material ,Microstructure ,Microanalysis ,Stone mastic asphalt - Abstract
The paper is focused on investigation of the nature and size of cellulose fibers in the structure of stabilizing additives for stone-mastic asphalt concrete, as well as on determination of fibers retention capacity based on their geometric parameters. To obtain the results a scanning electron microscope JSM-6510LV was used, with the help of which 15 to 20 photomicrographs were obtained. It was found out that in all inspected samples of stabilizing additives over 80% of pulp and paper fibers have a band structure with filaments from 0.56 to 1.4 micrometer in length. The fiber thickness in all cases slightly varies within the range of 0.008 to 0.021 micrometer. For a more detailed analysis of the additives the X-ray microanalysis was carried out. The results showed that in all cases the component distribution of the chemical elements present in the additive is inhomogeneous and has two fundamental differences in the oxygen (O) and carbon (C) content. ARMIDON additives contain more than 79% carbon (C) and just 6-13% oxygen (O). VIATOP 66 and SD-1 additives contain up to 61% carbon (C) and up to 48% oxygen (O). Tests to determine the runoff of the organic binder showed that additives with cellulose fiber filaments up to 0.6 micrometers in length hold bitumen worse than additives with cellulose fiber filaments 1.4 micrometers in length.The paper is focused on investigation of the nature and size of cellulose fibers in the structure of stabilizing additives for stone-mastic asphalt concrete, as well as on determination of fibers retention capacity based on their geometric parameters. To obtain the results a scanning electron microscope JSM-6510LV was used, with the help of which 15 to 20 photomicrographs were obtained. It was found out that in all inspected samples of stabilizing additives over 80% of pulp and paper fibers have a band structure with filaments from 0.56 to 1.4 micrometer in length. The fiber thickness in all cases slightly varies within the range of 0.008 to 0.021 micrometer. For a more detailed analysis of the additives the X-ray microanalysis was carried out. The results showed that in all cases the component distribution of the chemical elements present in the additive is inhomogeneous and has two fundamental differences in the oxygen (O) and carbon (C) content. ARMIDON additives contain more than 79% carbon (C) and ju...
- Published
- 2017
24. A paper-based device for double-stranded DNA detection with Zif268
- Author
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Daohong Zhang
- Subjects
Zinc finger ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chromatography ,Materials science ,chemistry ,Biotin ,Filter paper ,Biotinylation ,Paper based ,Double stranded ,Nitrocellulose ,Molecular biology ,DNA - Abstract
Here, a small analytical device was fabricated on both nitrocellulose membrane and filter paper, for the detection of biotinylated double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) from 1 nM. Zif268 was utilized for capturing the target DNA, which was a zinc finger protein that recognized only a dsDNA with specific sequence. Therefore, this detection platform could be utilized for PCR result detection, with the well-designed primers (interpolate both biotin and Zif268 binding sequence). The result of the assay could be recorded by a camera-phone, and analyzed with software. The whole assay finished within 1 hour. Due to the easy fabrication, operation and disposal of this device, this method can be employed in point-of-care detection or on-site monitoring.
- Published
- 2017
25. Synthesis of carbon nanodots from waste paper with hydrothermal method
- Author
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Mahardika Prasetya Aji, Retno Sri Iswari, Susanto, Putut Marwoto, and Andi Fadllan
- Subjects
Ftir spectra ,Absorbance ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Carbon nanodots ,Inorganic chemistry ,Urea ,Waste paper ,Absorption (chemistry) ,Absorbance spectra ,Hydrothermal circulation ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Synthesis of C-Dots from waste paper has been successfully created. A total of 5 grams of waste paper is mixed with 40 mL aquades, 30 mL H2SO4 and 50 mL NaOH 2 M. A precursor solution is prepared by adding urea in 20 ml of material. Synthesis of C-Dots done by heating the precursor hydrothermally using a furnace with three conditions, namely with 1-4 grams of urea, 20-50 minutes of synthesis time, and 150-300°C of temperature. In a variation of urea and time, the temperature is controlled at 300°C. In a variation of the time and temperature, urea is controlled at 3 grams. In a variation of the urea and temperature, time is controlled for 30 minutes. The maximum absorption C-Dots generated on the various of amount urea, temperature, and synthesis time in the range of 360-600 nm. The width of the absorbance area was increased by adding 1-3 grams of urea and were decreased when urea is added 4 grams or more. The absorbance peaks of C-dots decreases with increasing temperature synthesis. Meanwhile, an increasing of synthesis time does not affect to the width of the absorbance spectra. It precisely causes decreasing of peaks of the absorbance spectra. The functional groups present on the surfaces of C-dots can be identified by the presence of specific peaks in their FTIR spectra, i.e. N–H, C=C, C–N, and C–C at various urea, N–H, C=O, C=C and C–O at temperature and synthesis time.Synthesis of C-Dots from waste paper has been successfully created. A total of 5 grams of waste paper is mixed with 40 mL aquades, 30 mL H2SO4 and 50 mL NaOH 2 M. A precursor solution is prepared by adding urea in 20 ml of material. Synthesis of C-Dots done by heating the precursor hydrothermally using a furnace with three conditions, namely with 1-4 grams of urea, 20-50 minutes of synthesis time, and 150-300°C of temperature. In a variation of urea and time, the temperature is controlled at 300°C. In a variation of the time and temperature, urea is controlled at 3 grams. In a variation of the urea and temperature, time is controlled for 30 minutes. The maximum absorption C-Dots generated on the various of amount urea, temperature, and synthesis time in the range of 360-600 nm. The width of the absorbance area was increased by adding 1-3 grams of urea and were decreased when urea is added 4 grams or more. The absorbance peaks of C-dots decreases with increasing temperature synthesis. Meanwhile, an increas...
- Published
- 2017
26. Effect of delignification process on physical properties of sugarcane baggase paper
- Author
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Lanny Sapei, Edy Purwanto, Natalia Suseno, and Tokok Adiarto
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Materials science ,chemistry ,Scientific method ,Papermaking ,Ultimate tensile strength ,Soda pulping ,Fiber ,Composite material ,Raw material ,Cellulose ,Bagasse ,Pulp and paper industry - Abstract
Wood fiber derived cellulose has been mainly used as the raw material in the papermaking. However, currently the paper production capacity is greater than the availability of wood. To overcome this problem, there have been many attempts to use non-wood fibers as substitutes for papermaking such as the fibrous materials derived from agriculture wastes. In this research, the paper was made from sugarcane bagasse which was previously delignified using soda process. The research was conducted by varying NaOH concentrations of 8 –16%, delignification temperatures of 60– 100°C and times of 30 –150 min. The aim of the research was to study the effect of delignification process on physical properties of sugarcane baggase soda pulping. The results showed the increase in tensile strengths as the NaOH concentrations increased. Tensile strength was increasing up to optimum temperature and time and then decreased. The water uptake results showed the opposite tendencies with those of tensile strength. The optimum condition was achieved at the NaOH concentration of 10 %, delignification temperature of 80 °C, and time of 90 min. Tensile strength and water uptake achieved at this optimum condition were 27.42 N/mm2 and 240 g/m2, respectively.
- Published
- 2017
27. The effect of recycled aggregate concrete incorporating waste paper sludge ash as partial replacement of cement
- Author
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A. N. Azmi, Mohd Azrizal Fauzi, Ahmad Ruslan Mohd Ridzuan, and Hanifah Sulaiman
- Subjects
Cement ,Aggregate (composite) ,Materials science ,Waste management ,Sewage treatment ,Waste paper ,Reuse ,Waste disposal - Abstract
Malaysia is facing serious challenges in dealing enormous quantities of waste paper sludge produced in the country every year. This enormous quantity causing major economic problems and environmental problems over the paper and board industry. In order to confront with the economic problems associated with waste disposal costs, which make up almost half of the cost of wastewater treatment, there is a need to provide a viable solution to the reuse of waste and by reducing the use of natural resources. Hence, a comparative analysis of the experimental results novel properties of fresh and hardened concrete with recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) with different substitution of waste paper sludge ash (WPSA) as a partial substitute for cement is presented in the paper. Recycled aggregates is made by crushing the waste concrete cube laboratory tests. Recycled aggregate is made by crushing the concrete waste at laboratory. Utilize of WPSA and RCA is estimated to produce significant gains in strength performance ...
- Published
- 2016
28. Nanoparticle fillers obtained from wood processing wastes for reinforcing of paper
- Author
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Laura Vikele, Linda Rozenberga, Sarmite Janceva, and Marianna Laka
- Subjects
Materials science ,biology ,engineering.material ,biology.organism_classification ,Pulp and paper industry ,Alder ,Kraft process ,visual_art ,Filler (materials) ,Ultimate tensile strength ,Newsprint ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,engineering ,Bark ,Sawdust ,Composite material ,Ball mill - Abstract
Paper sheets were produced from bleached kraft pulp, and office and newsprint waste paper. Nanoparticles from black alder bark, grey alder bark and pine bark as well as birch sawdust were obtained for using them as reinforcing fillers in paper. Non-extracted bark and that extracted in biorefinery were used. For producing nanoparticles, the materials were destructed using the thermocatalytic destruction method and then dispersed in water medium in a ball mill. At a sufficient concentration, gel-like dispersions were obtained, which contained nanoparticles with the size ~300 nm. The dispersions were introduced in paper furnish in different amounts. It has been established that all the nanoparticle fillers increase the tensile index and burst index in dry and wet states. The nanoparticle fillers from extracted bark increase the mechanical indices to a higher extent. At 20% filler content, tensile index in a dry state increases in the case of non-extracted grey alder bark, black alder bark and pine bark by 28...
- Published
- 2016
29. Comparison of several variants of principal component analysis (PCA) on forensic analysis of paper based on IR spectrum
- Author
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Loong Chuen Lee, Abdul Aziz Jemain, Khairul Osman, and Choong Yeun Liong
- Subjects
Data set ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Dimensionality reduction ,Posterior probability ,Principal component analysis ,Sparse PCA ,Pattern recognition ,Exploratory analysis ,Artificial intelligence ,Paper based ,Linear discriminant analysis ,business - Abstract
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a commonly used unsupervised exploratory analysis technique. It is also frequently used in dimensionality reduction. This preliminary paper investigates the feasibility of three variants of PCA, i.e. independent PCA (iPCA), sparse PCA (sPCA), and sparse independent PCA (siPCA) on forensic classification of paper based on their IR spectral data. After that, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) models were built using the Principal Components (PCs) produced by the PCA and the three aforementioned variants. The performances of all these four LDA models, i.e. PCA-DA, iPCA-DA, sPCA-DA and siPCA-DA, were evaluated via leave-one-out cross-validation on the data set. The results obtained show that iPCA-DA and siPCA-DA are the most effective models with 100.0% classification accuracy. Then, the effectiveness of siPCA and iPCA models was evaluated based on posterior probability used for predictions of class membership that were derived from leave-one-out cross-validation. As a conclusion, siPCA is identified as the best classification model.
- Published
- 2016
30. Growth and characterization of macroscopic reduced graphene oxide paper for device application
- Author
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Aman Mahajan, Sanjeev Kumar, Rajinder Singh, and R. K. Bedi
- Subjects
Materials science ,Graphene ,Oxide ,Nanotechnology ,Characterization (materials science) ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,symbols.namesake ,chemistry ,law ,symbols ,Spectroscopy ,Raman spectroscopy ,Graphene oxide paper - Abstract
A simple and economical method has been used to grow macroscopically reduced graphene oxide (rGO) paper for device application. Synthesized paper has been characterized by different experimental techniques namely SEM, TEM, Raman and UV-Vis spectroscopy respectively. Besides these, temperature dependent electrical studies of rGO paper have also been carried out.
- Published
- 2016
31. Uses of peroxide on the formation of chlorinated phenolics by gas chromatography technique in nonwood pulps to reduce toxicity in paper manufacturing
- Author
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S. Kumar, D. Prakash, and Neeraj Tomar
- Subjects
Bamboo ,Chemistry ,Pulp (paper) ,chemistry.chemical_element ,engineering.material ,Pulp and paper industry ,Peroxide ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Toxicity ,Chlorine ,engineering ,Organic chemistry ,sense organs ,Gas chromatography ,Effluent ,Paper manufacturing - Abstract
ECF technology has been established itself as the most preferred process worldwide. Peroxide addition minimizes the effluent color. The study deals with the bleaching of Bamboo and Jute Cady pulps with chlorine and peroxide treatment and identification of various chlorophenolics compounds. The results show that quantity of the total chlorophenolic compounds formed decreases up to 54% in total chlorophenolic compound in the CEH effluent and the COD and color values are reduced by 35% and 33% respectively as E stage is changed to Ep stage in Bamboo pulp. And there is a reduction of 52% in total chlorophenolic compound in the CEH effluent when E stage is changed to Ep. and the COD and color values are reduced by 30% and 33% respectively as E stage is changed to Ep stage in Jute Cady pulp
- Published
- 2016
32. Paper watermark imaging using electron and low energy x-ray radiography
- Author
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Uwe Ewert, Zhan Zhang, Timothy D. Barrett, and Leonard J. Bond
- Subjects
Digital image ,Optics ,Interference (communication) ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Radiography ,Fingerprint (computing) ,Watermark ,Radiation ,Computed radiography ,business ,Digital radiography - Abstract
Historians and librarians are interested in watermarks and mould surface patterns in historic papers, because they represent the “fingerprints” of antique papers. However, these features are usually covered or hidden by printing, writing or other media. Different techniques have been developed to extract the watermarks in the paper while avoiding interference from media on the paper. Beta radiography provides good results, but this method cannot be widely used because of radiation safety regulations and the long exposure times required due to weak isotope sources employed. In this work, two promising methods are compared which can be used to extract digital high-resolution images for paper watermarks and these are electron radiography and low energy X-ray radiography. For electron radiography a “sandwich” of a lead sheet, the paper object, and a film in a dark cassette, is formed and it is exposed at higher X-ray potentials (> 300 kV). The photoelectrons escaping from the lead sheet penetrate the paper and expose the film. After development, the film captures the watermark and mould surface pattern Images for the paper being investigated. These images are then digitized using an X-ray film digitizer. The film employed could potentially be replaced by a special type of imaging plate with a very thin protection layer to directly generate digital Images using computed radiography (CR). For the second method, a low energy X-ray source is used with the specimen paper placed on a digital detector array (DDA). This method directly generates a low energy digital radiography (DR) image. Both methods provide high quality images without interference from the printing media, and provide the potential to generate a “fingerprint” database for historical papers. There were nevertheless found to be differences in the images obtained using the two methods. The second method, using a low energy X-ray source, has the potential to be integrated in a portable device with a small footprint incorporating user safety requirements. Differences obtained using the two methods are shown and discussed.
- Published
- 2019
33. Fabrication of micro-fibrillated cellulose crystals for recycled paper reinforcement and application of biocoat for barrier properties improvement
- Author
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Eduardo R. Magdaluyo and Malachi Simon C. Dingcong
- Subjects
Chitosan ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Crystallinity ,Materials science ,Absorption of water ,chemistry ,Starch ,Ultimate tensile strength ,Acid hydrolysis ,macromolecular substances ,Fiber ,Cellulose ,Composite material - Abstract
The micro-fibrillated cellulose crystals from natural cotton fiber via alkaline treatment and acid hydrolysis were explored as possible reinforcement in recycled paper to improve its mechanical properties. Results confirmed the characteristic properties and crystallinity of the obtained micro-fibrillated cellulose crystals. Reinforcement of the micro-fibrillated cellulose crystals in the production of recycled paper showed an improvement in the tensile strength compared to the recycled paper samples without reinforcement or even with kapok fiber/micro-fibrillated cellulose crystals combination. Further improvement on the barrier properties of the micro-fibrillated cellulose reinforced paper via biocoating made from chitosan/starch blend resulted to a 27.69% decrease of the water absorption capacity compared to uncoated sample using the Cobb test.
- Published
- 2019
34. Use of recycled waste paper as fiber reinforcement for polypropylene–relationship of fiber extraction process and mechanical properties of the composites
- Author
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Andrea Scholten and Dieter Meiners
- Subjects
Polypropylene ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Plastics engineering ,Charpy impact test ,Polymer ,engineering.material ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Filler (materials) ,engineering ,Fiber ,Composite material ,computer ,SISAL ,computer.programming_language ,Tensile testing - Abstract
During recycling of waste paper from private households different fractions containing plastics and polluted paper fibers are received. Current research at the Institute of Polymer Materials and Plastics Engineering at Clausthal University of Technology showed that the use of waste paper as filler and reinforcement in polypropylene leads to nearly the same mechanical properties as natural fibers like flax, sisal and hemp. The present investigations focus on the chemical cleaning of the paper recyclate to treat the fiber surface and to solve foreign plastics like polystyrene. For this purpose Soxhlet extraction with different solvents is used. The received extracts are examined via infrared spectroscopy, as well as the treated and the untreated fibers. Afterwards, the cleaned paper is incorporated into polypropylene. The received composites are investigated regarding their mechanical properties by tensile testing and Charpy impact testing.During recycling of waste paper from private households different fractions containing plastics and polluted paper fibers are received. Current research at the Institute of Polymer Materials and Plastics Engineering at Clausthal University of Technology showed that the use of waste paper as filler and reinforcement in polypropylene leads to nearly the same mechanical properties as natural fibers like flax, sisal and hemp. The present investigations focus on the chemical cleaning of the paper recyclate to treat the fiber surface and to solve foreign plastics like polystyrene. For this purpose Soxhlet extraction with different solvents is used. The received extracts are examined via infrared spectroscopy, as well as the treated and the untreated fibers. Afterwards, the cleaned paper is incorporated into polypropylene. The received composites are investigated regarding their mechanical properties by tensile testing and Charpy impact testing.
- Published
- 2019
35. Solution-processed nanocrystalline PbS on paper substrate with pencil traced electrodes as visible photodetector
- Author
-
Tapas Kumar Chaudhuri and Dhaval Vankhade
- Subjects
Responsivity ,Spin coating ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Optoelectronics ,Photodetector ,Thin film ,business ,Ohmic contact ,Nanocrystalline material ,Visible spectrum ,Diffractometer - Abstract
Paper-based PbS photodetector sensitive in the visible spectrum is reported. Nanocrystalline PbS-on-paper devices are fabricated by a spin coating method on white paper (300 GSM) from a methanolic precursor solution. Photodetector cells of gap 0.2 cm and length 0.5 cm are prepared by drawing contacts by monolithic cretacolor 8B pencil. X-ray diffractometer confirmed the deposition of nanocrystalline PbS films with 14 nm crystallites. The SEM illustrated the uniform coating of nanocrystalline PbS thin films on cellulose fibres of papers having an average thickness of fibres are 10 µm. The linear J-V characteristics in dark and under illumination of light using graphite trace on nanocrystalline PbS-on-paper shows good ohmic contact. The resistivity of pencil trace is 30 Ω·cm. Spectral response measurements of photodetector reveal the excellent sensitivity from 400 to 700 nm with a peak at 550 nm. The best responsivity anddetectivity are 0.7 A/W and 1.4 × 1012 Jones respectively. These paper-based low-cost photodetectors devices have fast photoresponse and recovery without baseline deviation.
- Published
- 2018
36. Fungal deterioration of old manuscripts of European paper origin
- Author
-
Wellyzar Sjamsuridzal, Tamara Adriani Susetyo-Salim, A. Natalius, Ariyanti Oetari, and D. Komalasari
- Subjects
Aspergillus ,food.ingredient ,food ,biology ,Inoculation ,Penicillium ,Carbon source ,Botany ,Agar ,Internal transcribed spacer ,biology.organism_classification ,Black spot ,Spore - Abstract
Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon has collection of five old manuscripts of European origin from 19th century, and the former library of Faculty of Humanities Universitas Indonesia has collection of four old manuscripts of European paper origin from 19–20th centuries. The objectives of this study were to isolate and morphologically characterize fungi from nine old manuscripts of European origin. All manuscripts showed brown and black spots, and fungal spores on the surfaces. Observation by loop was carried out in the field to determine the type of paper and to detect biodeterioration of the manuscripts. Twenty-two fungal isolates were obtained by sterile cotton swab and the culture-dependent method on Dichloran Glycerol Agar (DG18). Detection of fungal deterioration on paper was investigated by using paper strip method with old paper of European origin on Czapek’s Dox Agar (CDA) without carbon source. The paper strips were inoculated with cell suspension at a concentration of approximately 1 × 107 cell/mL. Twenty fungal isolates were able to grow on the old paper strips indicating that the old manuscripts are liable to fungal degradation. The fungal isolates were xerophilic in nature. Morphological characterization described the fungal isolates in the genera of Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Eurotium. Three fungal isolates could not be described and were grouped as Mycelia sterilia. Basic local alignment search tool (BLAST)-based identification and phylogeny-based identification using the data set of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences is required to determine the species identities of the fungal strains.
- Published
- 2018
37. Cellulolytic and xerophilic fungi from old manuscripts of European paper origin
- Author
-
A. Natalius, D. Komalasari, Wellyzar Sjamsuridzal, and Ariyanti Oetari
- Subjects
food.ingredient ,Water activity ,biology ,Chemistry ,Cellulase ,Congo red ,Carboxymethyl cellulose ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,food ,Glycerol ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Agar ,Food science ,Internal transcribed spacer ,Cellulose ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon and the former library of Faculty of Humanities Universitas Indonesia have collections of old manuscripts of European paper origin from 19-20th centuries. This study investigated the cellulolytic and xerophilic characters of 22 fungal strains from nine deteriorated old manuscripts of European paper origin. Detection of cellulolytic fungi by using well diffusion method, modified Czapek’s Dox Agar (CDA) with 0.1% (w/v) carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a sole carbon source, 0.2% (w/v) Congo red as a chromogenic dye, and cell suspension of approximately 1x107 cell/mL. Cellulolytic fungi formed clear zones around the fungal colonies due to the radial diffusion of the enzyme excreted to the medium. Detection of xerophilic fungi by using Dichloran glycerol Agar (DG18) which contained 18% glycerol to reduce water availability in the medium. Fifteen fungal strains have the ability to use derivative cellulose in CMC as a sole carbon source indicating that these strains possessed endoglucanase (CMCase) activity. The action of cellulolytic enzyme from fungi could dissolve cellulose fibers, or might discolor the paper. All the fungal strains were xerophiles, which indicated that they were able to grow in manuscripts, a condition of reduced water activity. Further studies are required to determine exoglucanase activity by using crystalline cellulose, and molecular identification by using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences to determine the species identities of the fungal strains.
- Published
- 2018
38. ZnS-paper based flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator
- Author
-
Dipankar Mandal, Tapas Ranjan Middya, and Ayesha Sultana
- Subjects
Nanocomposite ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Nanogenerator ,Nanowire ,Piezoelectricity ,Power (physics) ,law.invention ,Capacitor ,law ,Optoelectronics ,business ,Voltage ,Light-emitting diode - Abstract
Here, we presented a novel, cost effective approach to fabricate flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (NG) consisting of ZnS nanowires (NWs) grown upon cellulose. An output voltage of 4 V is generated from the nanocomposite paper (NC-paper) based NG. Subsequently, it has the capability to power Light Emitting Diode (LED) and charging up capacitor. The corresponding energy stored in the capacitor (1 µF) is 16 µJ. Thus, the fabricated NC-paper based NG can be used for smart textile structures, wearable and self-powered nanodevices.
- Published
- 2018
39. Research paper recommender system evaluation using collaborative filtering
- Author
-
Maizatul Akmar Ismail and Khalid Haruna
- Subjects
Metadata ,Information retrieval ,Computer science ,Collaborative filtering ,Recommender system ,Baseline (configuration management) ,Field (computer science) - Abstract
Several approaches have been proposed to help researchers in retrieving relevant and useful information from the cyber-ocean of information. However, the approaches assumed the academic content to be easily accessible, which is not always the case considering the copyright restrictions. Different from the existing works, we proposed a collaborative approach that leverages public contextual metadata to personalize scholarly recommendations. Our proposed approach has the ability to recommend research papers to the individual researchers regardless of the researcher expertise and research field. As demonstrated using a freely accessible dataset, our proposed approach have shown significant improvements over another baseline method.
- Published
- 2018
40. Review paper on water quality with relation to extreme value theory
- Author
-
Nor Azrita Mohd Amin and Hamzah Abdul Hamid
- Subjects
Consumption (economics) ,Relation (database) ,Natural resource economics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Environmental science ,Ecosystem ,Quality (business) ,Limit (mathematics) ,Water quality ,Extreme value theory ,media_common - Abstract
The impairment of the quality of water is a serious and rising issue globally. The extreme impairment cases often be the main reason to unbalanced human and ecosystem impacts. It causes a very limit of resources for quality consumption and the manufacturing of food, domestic use and also damaging ecosystems. It is expected that various factors combination makes conditions suitable for terrible water quality. The aim is to find the suitable water quality parameter that is relate to extreme cases of water quality. Extreme value theory will be introduce as statistical tools for analyzing extreme data and predict future extreme occurrences based on return level.
- Published
- 2018
41. Data mining-based coefficient of influence factors optimization of test paper reliability
- Author
-
Jieyao Wei, Huiping Jiang, and Peiyao Xu
- Subjects
Computer science ,Data mining ,computer.software_genre ,computer ,Reliability (statistics) ,Test (assessment) - Published
- 2018
42. Physical and mechanical properties of jute fiber and jute fiber reinforced paper bag with tamarind seed gum as a binder - An eco-friendly material
- Author
-
R. D. Eithiraj, K. Veluraja, and S. Arunavathi
- Subjects
Materials science ,Composite number ,Ultimate tensile strength ,Heat treated ,Fiber ,Tamarind seed ,Biocomposite ,Composite material ,Environmentally friendly ,Natural fiber - Abstract
Jute fibers are an environmental friendly natural fiber which can be used as good alternatives in the reinforcement of composite materials. The physical and mechanical properties of jute fiber are studied. The humidification cum heat treatment is carried out for the jute fiber. The tensile strength measurement was made for the untreated and humidification cum heat treated bundle jute fiber. The tensile strength of untreated and treated bundle jute fibers are 71.7 ± 9.5 MPa and 104.9 ± 8.8MPa respectively. A 45% increase in tensile strength is noticed. The structural organisation in the untreated and treated jute fiber is studied by X-ray fibre diffraction. The tensile strength measurement is carried out for the composite of Paper-Tamarind seed gum and Paper-Tamarind seed gum - Jute fiber and their measured tensile strength are 4.3 ± 0.5 MPa and 6.1 ± 1.2 MPa respectively. The enhancement in tensile strength for Paper-Tamarind seed gum - Jute fiber composite is observed. The environmental friendly biocomposite bags prepared are: Paper-Tamarind seed gum - Jute fiber and Paper-Tamarind seed gum, which can withstand load of 9.0 kg and 6.0 kg respectively. An increase of 50% in the load bearing capacity is achieved by reinforcing jute fibre.
- Published
- 2017
43. Transmission characteristic of graphene/TiO2 paper measured at Ka-band
- Author
-
Takahashi Furuya, La Agusu, Y. Ishikawa, Yutaka Fujii, Herdianto, La Ode Ahmad Nur Ramadhan, La Ode Ahmad, and Seitaro Mitsudo
- Subjects
Materials science ,Electromagnetic spectrum ,Graphene ,business.industry ,Electrical engineering ,Ranging ,Electromagnetic radiation ,law.invention ,Transmission (telecommunications) ,law ,Optoelectronics ,Ka band ,Millimeter ,Transmission coefficient ,business - Abstract
The commercial telecommunication system in future would explore the electromagnetic spectrum with higher frequency than used now, because it requires higher speed of transmission data. Using the millimeter waves (mmW) with frequency ranging from 30 to 300 GHz, such requirement could be fulfilled. The upcoming 5G cellular technology is expected to use frequency 30 GHz or higher. Then materials with a specific characteristic at the mmW range are interesting to be explored and investigated. Here, we report the synthesis process of graphene/TiO2 deposited on paper and their transmission characteristics to the electromagnetic energy at frequency 27-40 GHz (Ka-Band). The reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was synthesized by a modified Hummers method with introduction of microwave irradiation in the process. rGO and TiO2 were mixed in ethanol solution and deposited on the paper by a spraying technique. Transmission coefficient of electromagnetic wave energy at Ka-Band was measured by using the millimeter vector networ...
- Published
- 2017
44. Semantic super networks: A case analysis of Wikipedia papers
- Author
-
Taisiya Lebedeva, Alexander Goritov, and Evgeny Kostyuchenko
- Subjects
Power graph analysis ,Theoretical computer science ,Parsing ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Graph based ,Library science ,computer.software_genre ,Semantic network ,Encyclopedia ,Graph (abstract data type) ,The Internet ,business ,computer ,Case analysis - Abstract
An algorithm for constructing super-large semantic networks has been developed in current work. Algorithm was tested using the “Cosmos” category of the Internet encyclopedia “Wikipedia” as an example. During the implementation, a parser for the syntax analysis of Wikipedia pages was developed. A graph based on list of articles and categories was formed. On the basis of the obtained graph analysis, algorithms for finding domains of high connectivity in a graph were proposed and tested. Algorithms for constructing a domain based on the number of links and the number of articles in the current subject area is considered. The shortcomings of these algorithms are shown and explained, an algorithm is developed on their joint use. The possibility of applying a combined algorithm for obtaining the final domain is shown. The problem of instability of the received domain was discovered when starting an algorithm from two neighboring vertices related to the domain.
- Published
- 2017
45. Forensic differentiation of paper by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy technique and partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)
- Author
-
Khairul Osman, Abdul Aziz Jemain, Choong Yeun Liong, and Loong Chuen Lee
- Subjects
Forensic science ,Kuala lumpur ,Statistics ,Partial least squares regression ,Atr ftir spectroscopy ,Word error rate ,Latent variable ,Linear discriminant analysis ,Cartography ,Mathematics ,Test data - Abstract
The infrared (IR) spectra of different white copy paper types tend to appear indifferent. Discrimination between white copy papers could lead to the solution of forgery cases. In this preliminary study, three varieties of white paper were purchased from local stationery shops in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The papers were classified according to their manufacturers using Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and sparse PLS-DA (sPLS-DA) models. The error rate for the two models on the training and the test data sets were estimated and compared. Results show that the performance of the two models are comparable. By including the first six latent variables in both models, classification accuracy as high as 100% can be achieved.
- Published
- 2016
46. Compaction characteristics of banting soft soil subgrade stabilized using waste paper sludge ash (WPSA)
- Author
-
Abdul Halim Abdul Ghani, Faizah Kamarudin, Haryati Awang, Mazidah Mukri, Soenita Hashim, and Norazlan Khalid
- Subjects
Materials science ,Waste management ,Fly ash ,engineering ,Compaction ,Subgrade ,Pozzolan ,Atterberg limits ,engineering.material ,Water content ,Lime ,Incineration - Abstract
This paper presents the laboratory result on compaction characteristic for soft soil subgrade which was stabilized by using waste paper sludge ash (WPSA). The soft soil sample was collected from Banting Selangor, Malaysia named as Banting soft soil and classified as slightly sandy Clay with intermediate plasticity. Additive of WPSA is a finely waste product produced from the incinerated waste paper. In ASTM C618, this WPSA samples are categorized as Type-C fly ash due to the high free lime (CaO) content (>20%) and possesses some cementitious and pozzolanic, resulting in the self-cementing characteristics. Therefore no entire activators such as lime are required. Objectives of this study are to determine the dry density and moisture content of Banting soft soil stabilized by WPSA through the different energy and method of compaction and to determine the Atterberg limit properties of Banting soft soil stabilized using WPSA. Several percentage of WPSA (4%, 8%, 12% and 16%) was used to stabilize the soft soil...
- Published
- 2016
47. Genetic algorithms for wavenumber selection in forensic differentiation of paper by linear discriminant analysis
- Author
-
Choong Yeun Liong, Abdul Aziz Jemain, Khairul Osman, and Loong Chuen Lee
- Subjects
business.industry ,Wavenumber ,Pattern recognition ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Linear discriminant analysis ,Selection (genetic algorithm) ,Mathematics - Abstract
Selection of the most significant variables, i.e. the wavenumber, from an infrared (IR) spectrum is always difficult to be achieved. In this preliminary paper, the feasibility of genetic algorithms (GA) in identifying most informative wavenumbers from 150 IR spectra of papers was investigated. The list of selected wavenumbers was then employed in Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). GA procedure was repeated 30 times to get different lists of variables. Then the performances of LDA models were estimated via leave-one-out cross-validation. A total of six to eight wavenumbers were identified to be valuable variables in the GA procedures. All the 30 LDA models achieve correct classification rates between 97.3% to 100.0%. Therefore the GA-LDA model could be a suitable tool for differentiating white papers that appeared to be highly similar in their IR fingerprints.
- Published
- 2016
48. Effects of scatter-correction pre-processing methods and spectral derivative algorithms on forensic classification of paper
- Author
-
Abdul Aziz Jemain, Loong Chuen Lee, Choong Yeun Liong, and Khairul Osman
- Subjects
Visual examination ,Multiplicative function ,Principal component analysis ,Spectral data ,Standard normal variate ,Cluster analysis ,Algorithm ,Scatter correction ,Mathematics ,Processing methods - Abstract
Infrared (IR) spectral data are always influenced by undesired random and systematic variations. As such, pre-processing of spectral data is normally required before chemometric modeling. Two most widely used pre-processing techniques, i.e. scatter-correction methods and spectral derivatives, were used to pre-process 150 IR spectral data of paper. The algorithms investigated in this preliminary study are Standard Normal Variate (SNV), Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC), Savitzky-Golay (SG) and Gap-Segment (GS). The visual examination of the clustering among three studied varieties of paper, i.e. IK Yellow, One Paper and Save Pack, is accomplished via Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Overall, separation of the three varieties of paper is greatly enhanced after pre-processing. The most significant improvement is obtained with pre-processing via 1st derivative using SG algorithms.
- Published
- 2016
49. Temperature dependent electrical properties of polyaniline film grown on paper through aniline vapor polymerization
- Author
-
B. Saha, Kartick Lal Bhowmik, Krishna Deb, A. Bera, and K. K. Chattopadhyay
- Subjects
Materials science ,genetic structures ,Polyaniline nanofibers ,Band gap ,Chemical vapor deposition ,eye diseases ,Absorbance ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Aniline ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Electrical resistivity and conductivity ,Polyaniline ,Polymer chemistry ,Thin film - Abstract
Polyaniline thin film has been prepared on paper by aniline vapor deposition technique. Ferric chloride has been used as polymerizing agent in this approach. The prepared films were studied through electrical resistivity and optical properties measurements. The electrical resistivity of the polyaniline film shows significant temperature dependence. The resistance sharply falls with the increase in temperature. The optical absorbance measurements shows characteristics absorbance peak indicating the formation of conducting emeraldine salt form of polyaniline. The optical energy band gap of the film was calculated from the transmittance spectra. The optical energy band gap and electrical conductivity of the polyaniline film is well suited for their applications in electronic devices.
- Published
- 2016
50. PALF/skin extracted pineapple juice: New potential as pulping and bleaching agent in papermaking and its effect on mechanical and physical properties
- Author
-
Siti Noorashikin Jamal, Noor Aishatun Majid, Sharifah Nafisah Syed Ismail, and Wan Aizan Wan Abdul Rahman
- Subjects
Paper sheet ,stomatognathic diseases ,Residue (complex analysis) ,Tear resistance ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Absorption of water ,Chemistry ,Sodium hydroxide ,Papermaking ,Ultimate tensile strength ,food and beverages ,Pulp and paper industry ,PINEAPPLE JUICE - Abstract
Pineapple has been known for a number of beneficial biological activities such as anti-oxidative and anti-browning. Some of these bioactivities are contributed by enzymatic complex in pineapple and it can be found mainly in the skin extracted pineapple juice. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the pineapple juice as a pulping and bleaching agent in the process of papermaking. During pulping of pineapple leaf fibre, the mixture of pineapple juice/water was added together with a constant amount of 3% Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) at various concentration of pineapple juice (0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%). Pineapple leaf fibre (PALF) was soaked several times with pineapple juice and NaOH during pulping and bleaching process in order to get the optimum results of the paper sheet obtained. The mechanical and physical properties of paper sheet were studied by measuring its tensile strength, tear resistance and water absorption. Comparatively, paper sheet produced from NaOH pulping shows better mechanical and physical properties than the mixture pulping of NaOH and pineapple juice. Additionally, pulping with higher concentration of pineapple juice tends to give long fibre rather than short fibre. Overall, the results of this study can be used as an alternative way in the production of paper and it also opens a door to utilize wisely the waste residue of pineapple in other sectors.
- Published
- 2018
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