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The construction of a new road has many environmental consequences, as it consumes a significant amount of materials and energy. Additionally, the price of crude oil, which is the primary source of the bituminous binder has climbed dramatically in recent years. These factors have caused a rise in the overall cost of asphalt pavement. An effective way to increase the asphalt mixture industry's long-term viability while also decreasing costs is to develop new materials and technologies that use recycled and environmentally friendly resources in the manufacturing process. The primary goal of employing waste materials as modifiers such as Shredded Paper Fibers "SPF" is to improve performance, save resources, protect the environment from pollution and study the influence of content and sizes on the properties of pure bitumen. The "SPF" was individually mixed with pure bitumen binder at a proportion of (0.25, 0.5, and 0.75) % from the weight of bitumen using two different sizes (14×6×1) mm and (7×3×1) mm. Several tests were conducted to assess the properties of the developed binder such as penetration, ductility, softening point, penetration index, and viscosity. The results showed that the modified asphalt binder has fewer values of penetration and ductility by 50 % and 51% respectively compared with pure bitumen for the smallest size of "SPF". The use of these modifiers leads to an increase in the penetration index to 0.47 and viscosity to 2.5 times when used smallest size and percent of 0.75%. The use of these modifiers leads to an increase in the penetration index to 0.47 and viscosity to 1.8 times when used smallest size and percent of 0.75%. The knowledge gap in this study suggests an alternative for cellulose fibber from waste recourse, however, the shredded paper is suggested as a stabilizer to asphalt used for Semi-Flexible Pavement "SFP", and where drain down is recognized obviously with neat asphalt. The results also demonstrated that enhanced asphalt binders might significantly alter the characteristics and performance of asphalt mixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many industries have experienced the benefits of applying lean and agile or leagile (combining both lean and agile manufacturing systems), which can help organizations achieve their strategic goals, such as competitiveness, productivity, profitability, high customer service levels, and survival, by improving overall performance. Lean manufacturing and agile manufacturing have received much attention in the operations management literature, and they need to be widely implemented in manufacturing systems. In contrast, despite several papers reporting research on leagile manufacturing systems, implementation of leagile manufacturing systems in practice has been slow. A summary of the literature review for some case studies from 2013 to 2022 was used in this paper to define the current manufacturer's product quality goals through various case studies implemented in multiple manufacturing systems. According to the findings, the majority of researchers are interested in implementing lean and agile manufacturing in flow (mass) systems (34.9 %), batch systems (30.5 %), and job shop and continuous production systems (17.3 %) attained a lower level of research interest and implemented based on these studies. Furthermore, the findings of the study revealed that all of the enterprises studied had implemented the most common and widely used leagile tools (i.e., JIT, TQM, 5S, Kanban, TPM, VSM, Kaizen, Poka Yoka, RP, 5S, SMED, modern manufacturing techniques, robotics and automation, administration policy, experience and skills of employees, GT, innovation and R&D, organizational culture, management leadership, simulation, and collaboration). However, not all businesses had used the leagile tools, the degree of implementation varied for each. Results show that JIT (69.5%), TQM (60.8%), TPM (39.1%), and collaboration (34.7%) are the tools used to implement leagile manufacturing the most. Kanban and Kaizen are achieving the exact percentages of (26.08%), 5S and VSM are achieving the same percentage of (21.7%), RP (13.04%), and Poka Yoka is achieving the lowest percentage (8.6%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays increasing energy efficiency and introducing energy-saving technologies is a strategic task for all national economies. During various industrial processes a large amount of heat is released which is often utilized in cooling towers of various types or dissipated in the atmosphere. The paper presents a study of a two-stage ORC-installation with various working fluids of cascades which allows solving the problems of heat recovery at industrial enterprises effectively. The paper presents an analysis of the thermodynamic cycles of the primary and secondary circuits of a two-stage ORC plant for various working fluids, and also determines the thermodynamic parameters of the combined cycles of an ORC plant with different working fluids. Promising working fluids for the primary and secondary circuits of a two-stage ORC plant are proposed, the thermal efficiency of combined cycles is determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scientific paper examines the integration of robotic automation in production and its potential benefits for businesses. The paper presents the results of a study that analyzed the impact of robotic automation on productivity, product quality, and cost savings for three different production lines. The study found that the implementation of robotic automation systems led to significant improvements in productivity and cost savings, as well as a decrease in defect rates. However, the study also highlights important factors that must be considered when deciding whether to integrate robotic automation into production, including the initial investment cost, the need for skilled workers, and the potential impact on workers. The paper concludes that while the integration of robotic automation in production is a complex issue that requires careful consideration, businesses that are able to successfully integrate these systems into their production processes can gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace, leading to increased profitability and long-term sustainability, but proper planning and implementation are key to ensuring success. for implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graph-theoretic concepts are useful in studying various uses in several fields like mechanical & electrical engineering, specifically multi-physics systems. A core aim of the present study is to run an outline of the uses of graph-theoretical ideas in the modeling & investigation of systems in numerous areas. Graph theory (GT) is used in gear train analysis synthesis for decades, & this was an effective & organic modelling tactic in designing gear transmission. The graph-based technique for kinematic & static power examination, power stream, & mechanical proficiency calculation is additionally introduced. The paper additionally features an overall methodology for taking care of designing issues by changing them to issues in other designing areas, via broad discrete numerical models known as GRs. Design synthesis is the central point of interest in the mechanically applied plan to create the plan up-&-comers that meet the plan prerequisites. This paper reviews a novel & calculable synthesis approach of components dependent on GT. It is likewise settled unambiguously the connection between linear graphs & physical systems. Among the continuum of mechanical framework models we can recognize labelling graphs, which can be utilized for detailing & formalizing mechanical assignments. Mechanically coupled frameworks are successfully displayed utilizing hybrid graphs which consolidate attributes of polar & flow graphs & are unrivalled as far as algorithmic methodology. A hybrid used to portray a model of a mechanical framework relies upon the chosen algebraic method & applying matrices is the most helpful strategy to decide the dynamic qualities of the framework [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human-robot collaboration (HRC) applications have been slowly making their path in the industry. Although the required hardware and the methods for the planning and development of collaborative robotic applications are mostly already developed, some industrial branches still struggle to implement HRC. This is the case in motorcycle production, where, unlike car production, the assembly line has been optimized for manual work. Based on the use case described above, this paper identifies new requirements of HRC for automated screwing assembly operations in flexible production environments. In order to compensate deviations in the position of the tool relative to the workpiece, a screwing strategy based on force control is proposed. Parameter sensitivity is considered and supported experimentally with a screwing task performed by a cobot, where a method for contact detection between the nutrunner and the screw head is analyzed. This paper brings a guideline for experts from the manufacturing system engineering to implement HRC in highly dynamic assembly environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper represents a literature review on FDM-3D printing technique in additive manufacturing, Several variables affect the end product's features in fused deposition modelling (FDM), and these variables must be considered while selecting process settings. The study illustrates the effects of various materials and process parameters on final product mechanical properties. It concludes that too many polymer materials can be used as a filament in FDM printing techniques. And although FDM is the most common printing process but characterization of its parameters and their signification need to be covered with more studying, and analysis experimentally and statistically (DOE techniques) in order to control the final product quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environmental concern with global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has given researchers and industries more attention to using renewable resources and eco-friendly composite materials. However, conventional machining methods have drawbacks when machining natural composite materials. As a promising unconventional method, laser cutting has attracted the attention of manufacturing industries to machining composites, including natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites (NFRCs). Natural polymer composite materials, particularly those that use natural fibers as fillers, are trendy in a wide range of engineering applications. The challenge of this nontraditional method with NFRCs required the industries to demand extensive research into composite materials cutting properties and laser mechanisms. Using a long-pulse laser beam for cutting causes thermal effects during the material removal process. These effects include melting zones, heat-affected zones (HAZ), recast layers, and thermal damage to neighboring layers. This paper focuses on the overview of the laser machining concept in laser cutting processes and their advantages in cutting NFRCs. The final product applications of the NFRCs determine the laser machining strategies. The laser cutting performance analysis associated with machining challenges and essential process parameters that affect the cutting kerf quality and the HAZ is outlined for a better fundamental understanding in this research area. Future research into laser cutting mechanisms on NFRCs could benefit from new combinations of laser type, process parameters, and selected composition of NFRCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the feasibility of joint recycling of mill scale and plastic waste. This research provides the analysis of the mill scale and plastic waste properties, as well as ways of their co-processing. The results of experiments on mill scale grinding in a cone inertial crusher and the formation of briquettes together with plastic are presented. This research has revealed the possibility of creating a briquetted charge material for further processing in steelmaking processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production of propylene is tied to the production of ethylene by pyrolysis of various hydrocarbon raw materials and to the processes of oil refining in most countries. Propylene is one of the main large-tonnage petrochemical products, a widely used monomer for the production of polypropylene and plastics. It is necessary to explore alternative ways of its possible production because of the high demand for propylene. This work is devoted to the process of obtaining propylene by dehydrogenation of propane in a fluidized bed on the surface of an alumochrome catalyst developed by Russian scientists of the Research Institute Yarsintez LLC. According to the physical characteristics, the catalyst is a thermally stable, durable microsphere. The content of active chromium in its composition varies between 2.5-2.7% by weight. The paper also presents the results and analysis of the used catalyst for active and selective properties depending on the temperature and feed rate of raw materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]