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This paper presents a novel multibeam filtering antenna array based on a compact 3 × 3 Nolen matrix integrated with HRR filters for solar observations. The design facilitates the simultaneous recording of solar radio flux density and sky background flux density, streamlining calibration processes. The use of stub-loaded transmission line (SLTL) couplers achieves a significant 43.4% reduction in the size of the Nolen matrix, enhancing compactness. The hairpin ring resonator (HRR) filter with two transmission zeros (TZs) is employed to ensure electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). Given the limitations of conventional manual design methods, the intelligent grey wolf algorithm (GWA) is adopted to optimize the physical parameters of the Nolen matrix layout, realizing rapid and accurate achievement of the desired performance. The − 6. 2 ± 0. 15 dB transmission coefficient and 0°, −120°and + 120 °of output phase differences within 2° phase error are accomplished at 2.8 GHz. Finally, the proposed multibeam filtering antenna array is fabricated and measured to confirm its ability to generate the required three beams with filtering characteristics. The measured results have a good agreement with the simulated results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel S/Ka dual-band dual-circularly polarized (CP) shared-aperture antenna is proposed in this paper. In the Ka-band, the reflectarray adopts two distinct CP elements, both of which achieve 360° phase shift and linear phase response in the wideband. In the S-band, the radiation array adopts a 4 × 4 units cut-corner square patch to achieve CP performance. Additionally, a steerable beam is achieved through a phase shift feeding network. To effectively improve the antenna aperture utilization and efficiency, the S-band radiator is reused as a part of the Ka-band reflecting ground to realize the aperture-sharing. Experimental results demonstrate that the S-band operating bandwidth covers 2.35–2.7 GHz, achieving a peak gain of 18.6 dBic and an aperture efficiency of 89.2 %. Furthermore, the S-band enables ± 30° beam steering. In the Ka-band, the operating bandwidth covers 28–32 GHz, with a measured 2-dB axial ratio bandwidth is 10.3 %, a peak gain of 37.5 dBic, and an aperture efficiency of 48.1 %. Therefore, a dual-band dual-CP shared-aperture antenna with high aperture efficiency is realized. The antenna offers beam steering in the S-band and wideband capabilities in the Ka-band, making it a valuable candidate for satellite communication systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a reconfigurable multibeam antenna with switchable polarization and wide/narrow beam tunability is presented. The antenna consists of a reconfigurable power splitter and a 2 × 2 patch antenna array. The curved patch, as part of the periphery of the antenna unit, is used to switch grounded and ungrounded, so as to achieve wide and narrow beam radiation, respectively. By embedding p-i-n diodes in the power splitter and switching the ON/OFF state, the selection of the output ports and the phase difference between them are achieved. In the process of function selection, polarization switching can be realized by exciting the antenna units at different positions. Beam deflection can be achieved by controlling the phase difference between output ports. To ensure stable and fast switching between beam states, the antenna is controlled by an external micro-control system, which has the advantages of simplicity, stability, and speed. The experimental results show that the antenna can generate 12 beam states, which are in good agreement with the simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a dual-polarized bidirectional electronically reconfigurable beam-steering array (DBSA) for the first time, which integrates the beam-scanning capabilities of both dual-polarized reconfigurable transmitarray and dual-polarized reconfigurable reflectarray. First, a novel phase and direction reconfigurable dual-polarized element is proposed. Four PIN diodes are soldered onto the symmetric transmitting patches to tune the 1-bit transmission phase, while two PIN diodes are soldered onto the reflecting patches to tune the 1-bit reflection phase. By controlling the states of the PIN diodes, the DBSA element can achieve 1-bit reconfigurable phase in both transmission and reflection modes. Second, based on the proposed element, a 100-element DBSA prototype is fabricated and measured. At dual-polarization, the angles of the scanned beams can reach 45 ∘ and 222 ∘ in forward- and backward-spaces. Therefore, the proposed novel method opens a new avenue to designing a dual-polarized electronically reconfigurable spatially fed array antenna with full-space beam-scanning capabilities, and the proposed design is suitable for dual-polarized bidirectional wireless communication applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A two-dimensional (2-D) beam steering pattern reconfigurable antenna with an active partially reflecting surface (PRS) is presented in this paper. The proposed design incorporates a U-slot patch antenna functioning as a radiator and a superstrate composed of an active PRS layer. The PRS superstrate layer consists of 6 × 6 unit cells, divided into four sections, each comprised of 3 × 3 unit cells. To achieve reconfigurability, each unit cell within the PRS layer is loaded with two PIN diodes. Phase inconsistency can be introduced by changing the states of the PIN diode at different sections, which causes the PRS antenna to change the direction of its main beam. By controlling the operating states of PIN diodes within each unit cell, a total of sixteen radiation patterns can be generated. The proposed antenna supports 2-D beam steering in both the x z - and y z -planes, allowing for a maximum steered angle of ± 40°. The performance of the fabricated antenna is experimentally verified at an operating frequency of 3.5 GHz. The proposed antenna is suitable for the 5G NR frequency band n78 and operates within the frequency range of 3.3 to 3.8 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of microwave and mm-wave antenna is recognized as a promising solution to ensure backward compatibility while effectively utilizing available space for 5G-enabled modern IoT devices. This paper proposed a very compact size multi-band dual-port MIMO antenna module, aiming to provide complete coverage in microwave frequency bands, including 2.4 GHz, 3.5 GHz, 5.3 GHz, and 7.5 GHz, along with 5G mm-wave bands such as 28 GHz. This is achieved through a common feedline by incorporating a semi-circular slotted monopole with strategically positioned quarter-wavelength metallic stubs on a partial ground plane. The proposed antenna exhibited -10 dB impedance bandwidths of 22.6% (2.16–2.71 GHz), 17.9% (3.36–4.02 GHz), 9.4% (5.18–5.69 GHz), 15.9% (7.29–8.55 GHz), and 15.5% (26.02–30.39 GHz) across diverse frequency bands. To attain compactness and high isolation capabilities, a composite three-dimensional parasitic element is employed as a decoupling structure to alleviate significant interference among closely positioned radiating elements. The proposed antenna provides radiation efficiency of > 85%, achieving necessary peak gains of 2.32 dBi, 3.46 dBi, 4.15 dBi, and 5.32 dBi at respective microwave frequencies. While in mm-wave frequency bands, radiation efficiency exceeds 95% having a measured realized gain of 6.2 dBi at 28 GHz. The proposed design successfully maintains an average isolation of > 28 dB in all frequency bands. The suggested MIMO configuration demonstrates outstanding diversity performance, which is evidenced by ECC, DG, MEG, CCL, and TARC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a novel design approach for multi-mode antenna radiation patterns using characteristic mode (CM) theory. Specifically, we observe that the response of the multi-mode radiation pattern is a superposition of modal current responses, which can be controlled through port excitation. By combining the port excitations, we achieve the desired multi-mode radiation pattern. The feed structure can also be designed using CM theory. The validity of this intuition is confirmed through CM analysis. Subsequently, we use the proposed theory to design an antenna structure with a profile height of 0.07 λ 0 (λ 0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave at 2.8 GHz in vacuum). This antenna is capable of achieving four orthogonal radiation patterns. Simulation and measurement of the antenna demonstrate that the four radiation patterns can operate simultaneously within a bandwidth of 17% (| S 11 | < −10 dB), with worst-case port isolation of −24 dB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the design of a high gain multi-beam transmitarray antenna. Designed antenna is capable of independently steering multiple beams in the azimuth and elevation plane by the two dimensional displacement of feed radiators placed in front of the passive meta-surface. The meta-surface acts as an electromagnetic lens. Unit cell of the meta-surface consists of three layers of Rogers 5880 substrate and four layers of etched copper. Unit cell is designed such that the phase of unit cell transmission coefficient is varied from 0 ° to 360 ° by changing length of the etched copper pattern. As a proof of concept, meta-surface is designed by using uni-focal phase distribution. Multi-beam steering of 0 ° to 360 ° in azimuth plane and 0 ° to 40 ° in elevation plane has been achieved. Measured antenna peak gain is 34.2 dBi at 30 GHz. Later on, scan loss was optimized by synthesizing a meta-surface with bi-focal phase distribution. This is a mission enabling technology as the antenna supports seamless hand-off between satellites by forming multiple high gain independently steerable beams. Comparable antennas to the date are low gain, bulky, support limited number of beams, and have limited field of view. To the best of the author's knowledge, it is first time that high gain multi-beam antenna has been demonstrated by using a passive bi-focal meta-surface for continuous beam steering. Due to absence of active components the designed antenna is low cost and robust. Moreover, the substrate is selected such that the antenna can withstand harsh deep space environment and it can be folded for easy deployment. Due to potentially low fabrication cost and ability to support multiple beams, the proposed antenna is a good candidate for next generation satellite communication and mm-Wave 5G systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the design of a compact ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna and a frequency reconfigurable antenna with high isolation for cognitive radio (CR) applications. The antenna prototype comprises a UWB antenna for sensing UWB spectrum and a frequency reconfigurable antenna for communication purposes. The proposed antenna has been designed on FR-4 substrate with a compact size of 25 × 36 × 1.6 mm3 (0.22λ 0 × 0.32 λ 0 × 0.014λ 0) , where λ 0 is free space wavelength at 2.7 GHz. The −10 dB impedance bandwidth is realized for UWB antenna ranges from 2.7 GHz to 10 GHz and for frequency reconfigurable antenna in two frequency bands from 4.3 GHz to 5.5 GHz and 5.1 GHz to 6.8 GHz. A T-shaped stub is integrated into the ground plane to achieve high isolation between antenna element ports and the impedance bandwidth improvement. The proposed design attains high isolation of −21 dB over communication frequency range of frequency reconfigurable antenna and most of the UWB spectrum. The prototype has been fabricated and measured. The measurement results are in good agreement with the simulated results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new compact wideband printed antenna with circularly polarized (CP) tilted beam radiation using a quasi-radiator. To achieve size compactness and tilted CP performance, the radiation patch of a conventional monopole is loaded by a fork-slot, and a shorting via is used to connect the corners of rectangular patch and partial ground plane together. The fabricated prototype has an |S 11 | < −10 dB of 60.9% (1.2–2.25 GHz), an AR < 3 dB of 25.7% (1.55–2 GHz), a peak gain of 3.7 dBi, a compact size of 0.186λ 0 × 0.186λ 0 × 0.008λ 0 at the lowest frequency with CP radiation, a right-handed CP beam at θ = −42°, and a left-handed CP radiation at θ = −134° in the elevation plane. The antenna is analyzed using characteristic mode analysis (CMA) to figure out the orthogonal modes and working principle of CP radiation. The antenna benefits include low-profile, simple structure, easy fabrication, large tilt angle, and stable radiation patterns over entire bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a dual-band patch antenna is developed for the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) bands of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz with improved performance in terms of radiation pattern characteristics (antenna gain, front-to-back ratio and directivity) for both bands. For this purpose, a bandstop reflector based on Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) was designed and optimized. Simulation results show improved gain for the proposed structure for both frequency bands, with a gain of 7.54 dBi and 6.8 dBi at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz, respectively. Measurement results showed a gain value of 7.46 dBi at 2.4 GHz. A bandwidth of 7% was obtained at the central frequency of 2.4 GHz (ranging from 2.37 to 2.56 GHz), while a bandwidth of 1.07 GHz (18.8% fractional bandwidth) was achieved at the frequency of 5.8 GHz. The measured experimental results were in agreement with those obtained by computational simulations and the satisfactory performance validate the proposed structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the radiation pattern on either side of the main beam, which is created by a standard microstrip patch antenna, is configured to correspond to a cosecant-squared curve. The 8 × 2 antenna array comprises eight pairs of radiating elements that are arranged in a symmetrical structure and excited through a single common feedline. Interaction of the fields generated by each pair of elements contributes towards the overall radiation characteristics. The proposed array is shown to exhibit an impedance bandwidth of 1.93 GHz from 9.97 to 11.90 GHz for S 11 ⩽ - 10 dB with a peak gain of 14.95 dBi. The antenna's radiation pattern follows a cosecant-squared curve over an angular range of ± 60.91°. The compact antenna array has dimensions of 106 × 34 × 0.813 mm 3 . These characteristics qualify the antenna for radar applications at the X-band frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a novel method for analyzing and reducing the total coupled power in the Active Highly Integrated Phased Array Antennas (AIPAA), incorporating both the nonlinear impacts of the power amplifier (PA) transfer functions and the normalized scattering matrix. The proposed method introduces a new degree of freedom to reduce the coupling level utilizing two key factors: (i) the balance between the PAs' transfer function gain and the coupled power difference to the PAs' gate and drain/antenna ports, and (ii) the out-of-phase sum based on PAs' transfer function phase response. The proposed method is theoretically demonstrated by accounting for all tones and also is subsequently simplified for the main tone. The method is practically validated by applying the method to a 1 × 5 AIPAA structure to reduce the total coupled power at its drain/antenna port. The results demonstrate a coupling reduction of −5 dB as an average with a maximum reduction of −20 dB, over a scan coverage of ± 3 0 ∘ and 10% fractional bandwidth at 22 GHz for the center cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a novel metasurface antenna whose radiation characteristics can be remotely controlled by optical means using PIN photodiodes. The proposed reconfigurable antenna is implemented using a single radiating element to minimize the size and complexity. The antenna is shown to exhibit a large impedance bandwidth and is capable of radiating energy in a specified direction. The proposed antenna consists of a standard rectangular patch on which is embedded an H-tree shaped fractal slot of order 3. The fractal slot is used to effectively reduce the physical size of the patch by 75 % and to enhance its impedance bandwidth. A metasurface layer is strategically placed above the patch radiator with a narrow air gap between the two. The metasurface layer is a lattice pattern of square framed rhombus ring shaped unit-cells that are interconnected by PIN photodiodes. The metasurface layer essentially acts like a superstrate when exposed to RF/microwave radiation. Placed below the patch antenna is a conductive layer that acts like a reflector to enhance the front-to-back ratio by blocking radiation from the backside of the patch radiator. The patch's main beam can be precisely controlled by photonically illuminating the metasurface layer. The antenna's performance was modelled and analyzed with a commercial 3D electromagnetic solver. The antenna was fabricated on a standard dielectric substrate FR4 and has dimensions of 0.778λ o × 0.778λ o × 0.25λ o mm3, where λ o is the wavelength of free space centered at 1.35 GHz. Measured results confirm the antenna's performance. The antenna exhibits a wide fractional band of 55.5 % from 0.978 to 1.73 GHz for reflection-coefficient (S 11) better than −10 dB. It has a maximum gain of 9 dBi at 1.35 GHz with a maximum front-to-back ratio (F/B) of 21 dBi. The main beam can be steered in the elevation plane from −24° to +24°. The advantage of the proposed antenna is it does not require any mechanical movements or complicated electronic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a wideband high gain Vivaldi antenna based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons metamaterial for radio astronomy application is proposed. The height of the spoof surface plasmon polaritons structures fits the exponential function, thus the structure is named exponential spoof surface plasmon polaritons (ESSPP) metamaterial. With the exponential heights, the ESSPP metamaterial could correct the phase difference in a wide band, the gain is improved in the wide frequency range from 3 GHz to 9 GHz, and the proposed antenna exhibits stable radiation patterns with an average gain of 10.6 dBi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We are considering a novel distributed reconfigurable intelligent surfaces assisted (RIS-assisted) millimeter-wave (mmWave) multi-user multi-input multi-output (MIMO) beamspace system. Beamspace systems offer a low-scattering communication to users through beams. To enrich the propagation environment, multiple reconfigurable intelligent surfaces are installed on top of the surrounding buildings to provide an additional communication link, between the base station and users, by introducing phase shifts in the incoming signal arriving at it. Such systems allow the selection of two distinct beams for each user. The first beam is directly steered towards the user and the second beam is steered to the user via RIS. The selection of desirable beams is required to reduce the number of radio frequency (RF) chains at the transmitter. In this paper, we propose a beam selection algorithm that can assign two distinct and unshared beams to each user after optimally adjusting the phases of each RIS. Additionally, we propose a max–min fairness power allocation scheme to obtain a minimum achievable rate for each user. Simulation results compare the sum-rate performance with the existing beam selection algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to their high-frequency ratios, sub-6-GHz and millimeter-wave bands are becoming crucial for fifth-generation (5G) smartphone applications for achieving beam steering and high gain performance without using additional separate antenna elements. This paper presents compact integrated antenna array modules for simultaneous operation in the 3.5 GHz (sub-6 GHz) and (26 GHz) millimeter-wave frequencies. The proposed integrated single antenna element is composed of a microstrip patch antenna, a low-pass filter, and a meandered line-based antenna. The dimensions of the proposed compact integrated antennas are 0.6363 λ g × 0. 2423 λ g × 0. 0147 λ g . The proposed antenna provides wide bandwidth characteristics in both operating frequencies with a -10 dB bandwidth of 500 MHz and 4.5 GHz in the sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave bands, respectively. The effects of the smartphone on scattering parameters were analyzed. Further, we have studied the safety of smartphone users in terms of specific absorption rate (SAR) and power density (PD). The SAR and PD of the proposed antenna were found under safety limits. Additionally, the proposed antenna array modules were fabricated on a low-cost FR-4 substrate for validation of the simulation results, and a good agreement was found among them. The proposed antenna array packages are excellent candidates for modern 5G smartphones because they provide excellent features such as wide bandwidth characteristics and high gain with wide beam scanning features, and can integrate 3.5 GHz (sub-6 GHz) and (26 GHz) millimeter-wave bands with a high-frequency gap in a small structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: There is a considerable interest in the antennas which have high power handling capacity with beam steering functionality. The design of narrow side waveguide slot-array antenna for high power applications is introduced in this paper. An approach to achieve a uniform radiation slot waveguide antenna is presented. The large scale array antenna can be composed of such antenna cells. Moreover, it is possible to realize beam steering in the azimuth direction by adjusting the broad wall dimension of the waveguide. Besides, this slot waveguide antenna is expected to have high power handling capacity in vacuum environment, because there is no dielectric or electric field enhancement inside the antenna. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper proposes a dual-beam leaky-wave antenna (LWA) based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. The unit cell of the proposed SIW LWA consists pair of transverse and longitudinal slots etched on the top and bottom surface of the SIW. The unit cell characteristics of LAW have been investigated using dispersion analysis. As a result, the open stopband (OSB) problem is suppressed in the broadside direction. As a result, the dual radiating beam of LWA scans the entire space of the elevation plane (XZ plane) without any severe gain degradation at the broadside and endfire. The proposed SIW LWA antenna works in the band of 11.5 to 15.5 GHz with a peak gain of 13 dBi. The measured results are in accord with simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a dual-beam leaky-wave antenna (LWA) based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. The unit cell of the proposed SIW LWA consists pair of transverse and longitudinal slots etched on the top and bottom surface of the SIW. The unit cell characteristics of LAW have been investigated using dispersion analysis. As a result, the open stopband (OSB) problem is suppressed in the broadside direction. As a result, the dual radiating beam of LWA scans the entire space of the elevation plane (XZ plane) without any severe gain degradation at the broadside and endfire. The proposed SIW LWA antenna works in the band of 11.5 to 15.5 GHz with a peak gain of 13 dBi. The measured results are in accord with simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pattern reconfigurable antenna offers diverse pattern configurations and beam steering to cater the congested signal environment problem while maintaining the performances and operating frequency, as well as increasing the signal and data security. The pattern reconfigurable antenna using EBG structure is presented in this paper for beam-steering configurations. Most of the previous works proposed the PIN diode on the radiating patches, which caused the degradation of its performances. In this work, the structure offers good efficiency as the RF switches are not embedded to the radiating patches. A dual-band slotted pattern reconfigurable antenna using EBG structure is designed and analyzed. The EBG patches are located at the right and left of the radiating edge of the antenna. The EBG is designed so that its surface wave of band gap covers the radiation of the antenna. As a result, the surface waves excited by the patch antenna are prohibited from propagating by the EBG and caused the radiation pattern to be tilted to another side. The operating frequency of the proposed antenna is 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz for the dual-band antenna. The proposed antenna is capable of having beam shifting at three different angles (0°, +26°, and −26°). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new high-speed low-power charge-steering latch, using a boosting technique for the tail capacitor, which is charged reversely in the reset phase. This technique decreases the source node voltage of the differential pair, which improves the output voltage swing. Analysis and post-layout simulation results of the proposed boosted charge-steering latch (BCS), in 65 nm CMOS technology, illustrate that for the same output swing and with about 28% tail capacitor of the conventional charge-steering latch, the maximum operating frequency is increased by about 12%. In the case of the same tail capacitor, the BCS latch gives the output swing of about 30% higher than that of conventional one for the low to moderate input swing, while its maximum operating frequency is about 20% higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, two compact electromagnetic band gap (EBG) antennas are proposed by combining a rectangular antenna with a mushroom-like EBG structure and with a novel triple side-slotted EBG (TSSEBG). Both prototype antennas can scan the main beam in the elevation (E) (−20° < φ < 20°), (−17° < φ < 17°) and horizontal (H) (−18° < θ < 18°), (−15° < θ < 15°) planes, respectively. The main beam scanning was conducted by using band-stop and band-pass properties. The band-stop property was achieved by connecting the vias to the ground plane of the antenna, whereas the band-pass property was realized by disconnecting the same vias, thereby yielding the beam steering into the pass-band sector. Unlike usual beam steering, this technique does not suffer from gain degradation, and the gain of the main lobe is approximately stable for the steering angles. The antenna performance was enhanced due to suppress surface waves. Moreover, the number of vias was reduced significantly in the proposed TSSEBG instead of the mushroom-like EBG. The compact EBG and TSSEBG antennas have directivity (10 and 10.5) dBi, gain (9.86 and 10.16) dB, and efficiencies of 96.5% and 93%, respectively, with the operating frequency at 6 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel, half width–microstrip leaky wave antenna (HW–MLWA) array is presented in this paper. It can electronically control its beam at fixed frequency using a double gap capacitor with diodes and has good impedance matching and very small variation gain while scanning. The control radiation pattern of leaky wave antennas (LWAs) is examined in steps at a certain frequency using binary switches, and a novel HW–MLWA array is proposed. This antenna is mainly composed of two elements of HW–MLWA and seven control unit cells (CUCs). In addition, a reconfigurable CUC is created by combining two triangle patches as double–gap capacitors with two diodes as a switch to connect the patches with a ground plane. The proposed antenna is fabricated and validated. To achieve certain–frequency beam steering, a patch in each CUCs is independently disconnected or connected with the ground plane by using PIN diode switches. When the state of the patch cell is changed, the reactance profile is altered at the free edge of the microstrip that caused the direction of the main beam to change. This proposed antenna prototype can scan the main beam between +22° to +63° at 4.2 GHz, and the antenna has a measured peak gain of 12.72 dBi at 4.2 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a reconfigurable co-planner waveguide (CPW) fed circular shaped monopole ultra wide band (UWB) antenna with dual band notch characteristics based on silicon substrate is presented. The dual notch band characteristics are realized by inserting two slots, namely, U- and I-shaped, in the circular radiating patch to switch-off the WiMAX IEEE 802.16 (3.30–3.80 GHz) and WLAN IEEE 802.11a/h/j/n (5.15–5.35 GHz, 5.25–5.35 GHz, 5.47–5.725 GHz, 5.725–5.825 GHz) respectively. The reconfigurability from antenna is achieved by integrating the radio frequency micro-electro mechanical system based single pole four through (RF MEMS SP4T) switch in the U- and I-shaped slots of radiating patch. The measured results demonstrate the bandwidth of 0.68–16.23 GHz resulting in fractional bandwidth of 183.91%, and are well in accordance with the simulation results. The gain of proposed antenna varies from 2.58 to 5.05 dBi with radiation efficiency of 83–95% and exhibits the omnidirectional like pattern in H-plane and nearly dipole like pattern in the E-plane. Further, the performance of proposed antenna is analyzed by implementing an equivalent RLC resonant circuit model in both the frequency and time domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]