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Natural fibers have been extensively studied as a reinforcement filler in obtaining composites, replacing partially synthetic fibers. The vast majority of these materials originate from agro-industrial waste with a high content of lignin and cellulose making it a very interesting material with low cost and good mechanical properties. The purpose of the study was to obtain a composite based on alkyl ketene dimer resin, for the manufacture of sustainable packaging, made of paper by adding a 10% (w/w) con-tent of green coconut fiber and sugarcane bagasse fiber, and evaluated the impact of the filler on the mechanical behavior of the systems. The studied material was characterized from mechanical tests, such as Ring Crush Test (RCT) and Concora Medium Test (CMT) evaluating the maximum resistance supported by centimeter in the pre-pared composites, by the specimens. Through the RCT tests, with 10% w/w fibers, it was possible to verify that the fiber from sugarcane bagasse reached an increase of about 1% in the reinforcement effect compared to pure paper, and a difference of up to 2% in strength mechanics in relation to coir fiber, and CMT tests shows the reinforcement effect of the presence of sugarcane bagasse fiber, with an increase of about 3% compared to pure paper, and with a mechanical strength higher by 1% compared to coconut fiber. Therefore, the study was funneled with sugar cane fiber, varying the content by 20 and 30 % (w/w), evaluating the impact on the dispersion of this filler in the polymeric matrix and, consequently, the mechanical response of the composite with these compositions. The conclusion of the study was that the system prepared with 20% (w/w) was the one that achieved the greatest optimization of the mechanical properties, evaluated by the tests. This type of material can be applied to obtain cardboard boxes with resistance to high loads, due to the achievement of good mechanical properties.

Currently, paper pulping production from woody materials has many disadvantages due to its high energy, chemical, water consumption, methane emissions, and deforestation. However, the use of non-woody materials solves these problems. This study focused on the use of non-virgin raw material (Enset leaf fiber) in pulp and paper making. Enset leaf residues are the primary solid residues after the steam plant is used for “Kocho” processing. This leaf fiber has a lignocellulose component, converting this residue into Pulp and paper is crucial in terms of economic and waste management via the Kraft process. It has a higher fiber quality, lower energy consumption, and high recoverability of the chemical raw materials used in the process. The chemical composition of the Enset leaf fiber was analyzed using the Technical Association of Pulp and Paper. It has an excellent fiber length (2.12±1.46mm), fiber diameter (26.55±15.6µm) andacceptable rigidity coefficient (1.05±0.07), and flexibility coefficient (125.23±0.04). The maximum pulp yield was obtained at a temperature of 120°C, NaOH concentration of 8%, and 40 min cooking time off, which was 69.92% w/w. The functional groups of the Enset leaf fiber and morphological characteristics of the fiber were investigated.

The agriculture waste material can give benefit to many production industries. The studied crop is corn (Zea Mays)stalk. The objective of this work was to analysis the chemical composition; to study chemical pulping and papermaking properties of corn stalk and; to investigate the fiber morphology of properties of those crops. Firstly, the chemical composition of corn stalk were determined and compared with other non-woods. After that, chemical corn stalk was conducted in this analysis followed the physical and mechanical properties. The result showed that, corn stalk have cellulose (39.0%) and lignin content is the lowest (7.3%) content rather than other composition. In chemical pulping, reached high pulp yields had been produced and the strength properties: tear index, tensile index, burst and fold verified that they were of an acceptable quality for papermaking. This crop morphology was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM), which showed a condensed composition of fiber structure. This study can developed a friendly product and promote the green technology, suitable to be used as an alternative pulp in paper making industry.Keywords:Fiber, Corn stalk, Composition, Green technology, Pulp and paper making.

The aim of this study was to study the morphology and structural characteristic of NCC hydrolyzed from filter paper. The NCCs were extracted by acid hydrolysis at 50°C for 1 hour, using 55% conc. H2SO4 under vigorous mechanical stirring, centrifugation at 12000 rpm in distillate water and followed by homogenizing at 7000 rpm. The morphology and surface profiles of the NCC suspension was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The crystalline structure of the NCC was evaluated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. As a result, hydrolysed NCC was found to have a rod liked shape with diameter in the range of 100-300nm length and 10-50nm width, with the aspect ratio value of 10.3 nm. According to XRD investigations, the semi-crystalline cellulose was observed with the presence of an amorphous broad hump and crystalline peaks at 2θ of 15o and 22.7o, respectively. The crystalinity index of the raw filter paper was calculated as 86.7 % and increased to 94.4 % as it was extracted to NCC. Crystallite size of raw filter paper and NCC was calculated as 20.6 nm and 11.4 nm, respectively

In this paper, Kevlar or Polysulfonamide (PSA) pulp were used to replace plant fiber pulp partially or completely and by adjusting their ratios and a variety of Kevlar or PSA pulp reinforced activated carbon fiber paper (ACFP) were prepared via wet-laid paper making technology. The influences of addition of Kevlar or PSA pulp on the permeability, mechanical property, filtration performance, adsorption property of ACFP were discussed by maintaining the addition content of activated carbon fiber unchanged. Results showed that with the addition content of Kevlar or PSA pulp increased, the permeability and filtration performance of ACFP decreased obviously, while the bursting strength and the static CCl4 adsorption performances were firstly increased and then decreased. Generally, the permeability and filtration performance of Kevlar pulp reinforced ACFP were slightly worse than that of PSA pulp reinforced ACFP, while the bursting strength as well as the static CCl4 adsorption properties of Kevlar pulp reinforced ACFP were better than that of PSA pulp reinforced ACFP.

Paper acidification has become a serious problem in the world and deacidification is an effective way to extend the life of the paper documents. This essay introduced the acidification of the paper documents and the regular methods of deacidification at present. It surveyed the deacidification technologies in Europe and America countries and the progress of decacidification research programs in China, and then proposed the opinions on R&D and promotion of paper document acidification technology in China.

Super absorbent polymer (SAP) and fluff pulp were used as absorbing materials, and the different SAP mass ratio and fluff pulp were applied to paper diaper absorption core layer. Then, the influence of different SAP/fluff pulp in composite core layer on the paper diapers normal saline absorption rate and topsheet run-off were studied. Results showed that SAP has a significant effect on normal saline absorbency respect to fluff pulp. When the normal saline volume increased, the paper diapers absorption rate about normal saline decreased, while the topsheet run-off increased. When the SAP mass ratio to fluff pulp was 0.5:0.5, the liquid absorbency rate was 35.23 g/g, the paper diaper average absorption rate was 3.96 mL/s, and the biggest topsheet run-off was 13.25 g.

Graphene paper (GP) with layered structure and highly conductive network is fabricated by a facile technique of vacuum filtration and studied as a single-component and binder-free anode of lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The process of fabrication of GP without any binder and high-temperature treatment, in the meantime, great improvement in both the capacity and cycling performance of the GP electrodes have compared with other kinds of traditional graphite electrode materials. Given the simplifying anode fabrication, low manufacturing costs and many electrochemical properties of the GP anode, it is regarded as an excellent anode material of LIB with great promise for its both excellent cycling performance and electrochemical properties. The specific capacity can reach to over 200 mAhg-1after 60 charge-discharge cycles under the current rate of 50 mAg-1.

The wettability of the carbon composite electrode on paper substrate was studied using contact angle measurement. Y-Shield HSF54 carbon composite material were coated on paper substrates with a mask using squeegee coating technique. Contact angles of the ten polar probe liquids with the HSF54 electrodes were measured using a customed-built image acquisition system. With the contact angles obtained for each probe liquid placed on the electrodes, the surface tension of the electrodes was determined using Fox-Zisman theory. The result showed that the critical surface tension of HSF54 carbon composite electrodes was 37.2 mN/m which is considered to be moderately hydrophobic.

A device has been designed to measure the whole stiffness which is behalf of paper plate’s carrying capacity. When the device was working, one end of the paper plate was hold as a hand did, the other end of the paper plate was pushed to 15°angle from the horizontal surface, and the force on the paper plate was recorded. Comparing load-bearing performance, the whole stiffness is more accurate to reveal the differences of the paper plates.

Paper material has many excellent characteristics in architectural applications. Our main constructions for disaster rescue are temporary tents, board house and so on for a long time, so it is difficult to meet the psychological demands of the people in disaster area. According to Maslow's hierarchy theory of psychological demands, this paper analyzes people’s demands of physiology, psychology and social aspects in disaster areas, also sums up the exploration of paper material in architectural application, and finally summarizes that paper material is economy, flexible, safety, sustainable and so on.

Steel slag, a kind ofindustrial residues, is generated in the process of steel-making. Paper sludgeis the final material which origins from the treatment of liquid waste. Allthese resulted in a serious pollution of environment, how to achieve thecoordinate development among enterprise, environment and society become apressing matter of the moment. Based on this, Circular economy becomenecessary. Based on circular economy, the two kinds of industrial wastes weremixed to manufacture useful materials through carbonation in this research. Therequired raw materials were mixed by mortar mixer at the specified mixingratio. Then the mixture was transferred to a stainless steel mould formanufacturing of rectangular composite specimens. Only in this way, It is toshift from the paper maunfacturing and ironmaking and steelmaking industrywhich is over-consumption of energy and natural resources and very seriousenvironmental pollution to the industry which is less pollution and thedevelopment of multi-part cycle.

Biodiesel production waste cooking oil is usually limited by its high free fatty acid and moisture content. The synergetic effect of both base and acid source from biomass was employed to proffer way out to this challenge. This study shows the coupled development of sulfonated carbonized corn cob (S-CCC) and calcined cow-bone (C-CB) catalysts for transesterification of waste cooking oil. The catalyst was prepared by physically mixing several mass percentages of S-CCC and C-CB (fluorapatite) in strategic proportions. The maximum biodiesel yield of 96.2 % was attained for catalyst mixture of 60 wt% and 40 wt%. The developed catalyst mixture was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Ray (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Brunauer–Emmett-Teller (BET). The surface area (472.3 m2/g), pore size (2.4330 nm) and volume (0.1380 cc/g) were obtained for the catalyst. The XRD shows that the crystallized structure of the bifunctional catalyst was formed majorly between 2 theta 10 and 65.Also the SEM shows a well dispersive pattern of the particles of the catalyst. The developed catalyst was employed for biodiesel optimization studies by varying factors such as time, temperature, catalyst loading and methanol: oil using optimal design under the response surface methodology. Maximum yield of 98.98 % was attained at time 6 h, temperature 65 °C, catalyst loading 6 %wt/ wt of oil and methanol to oil ratio of 11.75:1. It was observed that time and temperature had notable effect on the biodiesel yield.

Raw oil palm fronds (OPF-R) converted into biochar (OPF-B) by torrefaction processes at temperatures range of 200 °C to 300 °C. This study aims to evaluate OPF-B performance to reduce iron ions in artificial solutions and peat water. Batch adsorption carried out at room temperature by stirring (175 rpm) using an orbital shaker. Some parameters observed included optimum torrefaction temperature, optimum conditions of Fe ions adsorption (optimum pH and contact time) and sorption isotherm. Metal content measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Functional groups on material surface characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). Torrefaction at 260 °C produces biochar with the highest efficiency in removing iron ions. Both functional groups C=O and C-O attributed to lignocellulose on OPF-B were diminished and absorption band of aromatic (C=C) increased which caused by torrefaction. The optimum conditions for removal of Fe ions at pH 5 and 30 minutes contact time. Adsorption process follows the Langmuir Isotherm which indicates the formation of a monolayer with qmax 111.11 mg/g. Amount of 0.025 g OPF-B able to reduce iron concentration from 13.960 mg/L to 0.746 mg/L in 100 mL peat water (has complied with Indonesian clean water standard for iron concentration).

The pectin/functionalized silica coated filter paper (FILPSL2) was used for copper ion adsorption. Silica sol (1), prepared by mixing ethanol, water, TEOS and hydrochloric acid, was slowly added into pectin solution. A piece of filter paper (2 cm x 2 cm) was immersed in the silica-pectin solution for 1 hr. The coated filter paper was dried at room temperature and then oven-dried at 50 °C for 6 hrs to obtain FILPS. The silica sol (2) was subsequently prepared by mixing ethanol, water, N-[3-(Trimethoxysilyl) propyl] ethylenediamine (L2) and hydrochloric acid. The FILPS was immersed in silica sol (2) and the coated paper was oven-dried at 50 °C for 6 hrs to obtain FILPSL2. The SEM micrograph of uncoated Filter paper (FIL) and FILPSL2 showsa characteristic woven pattern. For copper ion adsorption, FILPSL2 was put into 0.1 M of CuCl2solution (pH 2, 25 °C). The color of the paper changes from off-white to intense blue within 5 min due to the complex between amino group of functionalized silica and Cu2+ as evidenced from IR spectroscopy.The equilibrium adsorption percentage and adsorption capacity were 27.10 and 5.5 x 10-3 respectively. The concentrations of copper ion solutions were varied to 10-2and 10-3M at this pH. The lower concentration of copper ion results in the higher adsorption percentage. While the lower concentration of copper ion results in the lower adsorption capacity. The adsorption was also experimented at pH 3.The similar trend was obtained. The optimum pH for adsorption for all concentrations was 2. The effect of interferences on the copper ion adsorption depends on the pH. At pH 2, Ni2+ has a stronger effect. While Cd2+ has a stronger effect at pH 3. The desorption was performed using 0.2 M CH3COOH solution. The complete desorption occurred within 30 min.

In this paper, soy protein papermaking process conditions as dry strength agents were studied. The results show that a part of the three parts of soy protein and a mixed system with a cationic starch alone, or cationic starch, soy protein, as compared to dry strength additives will significantly increase the strength. The optimum conditions were: pulp types E, defatted soy protein, dry vacuum drying method is 105°C, adding ways to add the pulp, the best reaction time was 10min, the optimum dosage of 2%. Soy protein sources are widely readily available, and environmentally friendly and easily biodegradable, paper dry strength agents as a good material.

When processing in the manufacture for production of paperboard boxes, there arises amount of waste paper as material, which is subsequently sent for recycling. The paper passes through the first crushing device, which ensures small pieces so that they can be transported by pipeline to a pressing apparatus. Paper material in the molding machine is forced into the pits of suitable size due to the additional handling and transport. So both pipe as well as the molding machine may be so congested with material during the failure that the equipment requires unexpected additional cleaning. The sensor detects the level of waste material in pressing device, thereby avoiding congestion in a timely manner and prevents subsequent failure. The sensor uses the resonant frequency of the oscillating rod. The microprocessor controls and evaluates the response of the rod oscillations. Sensor performance was exposed to qualification tests when it shows ability to operate also in extreme conditions such as dirty and dusty surrounding with high humidity and temperature level. Sensor detects the vibration attenuation at the poles of the rod that is caused by touching different materials. Thus may indicate changing concentration level of a material and not just pieces of paper but for example, also sand or other suitable materials or height of fluid surface.

This paper covers the results of the research devoted to characterize of silica dioxide samples obtained from alkaline hydrolysate or black liquor produced from pulping of rice husk. The paper discusses amorphous silica of various quality. Silica samples are characterized: crude (air-dried); burnt (no preliminary water treatment); washed in distilled water; washed in distilled water and burnt.

The total sulfur rate of the coal sample was 4.973%, the inorganic sulfur content was more than 60%, which was the main component in the coal sample. The effect of grinding fineness, flotation pulp density, collector and frother on coal flotation desulfurization were investigated in this paper to remove the inorganic sulfur. The results showed that it reached to the optimum desulfurization rate 54.7% when the optimum grinding fineness was 39.20% -200 mesh rate, pulp concentration was 80 g/L, kerosene consumption was 1.4 kg/t, 2#oil loading was 100 g/t, and the total sulfur content reduced to 2.72%. The optimized flotation condition determined by orthogonal experiments was as follow: pulp density for 60 g/L, kerosene dosage of 1.4 kg/t, 2#oil consumption of 100 g/t. In this case, total sulfur content reduced to 2.19%, the total desulfurization rate and the inorganic desulfurization rate were 55.96% and 92.89%, respectively.

The use of agricultural wastes and natural materials in new technologies is a novel subject. Consequently, an attempt has been made to formulate a synthetic fluid using an organic water, Water Extract from Fermented Ground Maize (WEFGM) and compare its performance with water-based sample in turning operation using a mild steel as workpiece. Two samples of synthetic fluids were formulated from each of deionized WEFGM, ordinary WEFGM and deionized water as base-fluids at two composition (5 and 10%vol) levels of selected additives. The results of experimental analysis of heat transfer properties of these synthetic fluids exist, hence the need to ascertain the actual performance output. Temperature-Time Gradient (TTG) which is a rate of temperature drop (heat withdrawn) from the work zone was used as evaluation parameters. The result showed that deionized WEFGM is the most efficient of the entire samples at both compositions with an average TTG of 3.61 and 2.16 °C/min at 10 and 5% additive concentration respectively. At lower additive concentration which is more economically advantageous, the performance rating is deionized WEFGM>>WEFGM>>deionized Water. This implies that WEFGM is more effective than water as a base fluid for synthetic fluid in performance as it has been previously so reported in properties. Meanwhile, T-test statistical analysis (using IBM SPSS 23) shows that there is highly significant difference in TTG at each time of application of individual fluid (p0.05) implying that the fluids can all work as coolants and relatively have comparable performance output.

For the conversion of cellulose into biofuel by microorganisms is being studied intensively. This research isolate and screen efficient cellulolytic microorganism from bamboo forest soil based on growth rate on CMC plate, the size of transparent circle, disintegration effect of filter paper, and CMC enzyme activity assay. As a result, efficient cellulose-decomposing fungus J6-1 was obtained. The strains possessed higher filter paper degrading ability and CMC enzyme activity, disintegrating the filter paper into 42.3% at the 5th days and reaching the highest CMC enzyme activity 6.87IU/mL after 120 hours of shake flask fermentation. Strains J6-1 is preliminarily identified asPenicilliumby morphological observation and a great potential cellulolytic strains.

Influences of self-developed additives WEC02/WEC03 on sizing of mechanical pulp are analyzed in this study. The results indicated that the optimal dosage for paper sizing were 0.2% (w/w) for WEC02, with sizing degree of 33 s, and 0.8% for WEC03, with sizing degree of 52 s. In addition, the combined usage of WEC02 (0.2%) and WEC03 (0.6%) at pH7.0 could get better sizing performance than single application of WEC02 or WEC03 with sizing value of 77 s. It is obvious that WEC02/WEC03 have great potential to improve sizing efficiency in neutral paperrmaking, leading to saving the sizes dosage and cutting down the production cost.

Nowadays, over 95 % of fly ash is used as construction products in the Czech Republic. However, around 80 % of fly ash is used for renovation of open-pit quarries and areas affected by human activity. Production of artificial aggregate is the way to use over 90 % of energy by-products in the building material industry. It is necessary to find appropriate combination of parameters of input materials and conditions of production to get optimal properties of aggregate. The paper gives an account of the influence of parameters of fly ash and conditions of firing on the quality of ceramic body made from fly ash. Temperatures of 1050 °C, 1150 °C and 1200 °C were examined. The research focused on the structure of the ceramic body as well as its physico-mechanical parameters.

Both qualitative and quantitative effect of TiO2 suspension presence in cigarette filter have been analyzed in order to reduce harmful substances in cigarette smoke, optimizing the capability of TiO2 suspension as nano filter in cigarette filters and reviewing the analysis in order to obtain results with the best variation. Samples in the form of filter paper that has passed of the smoke with some variation treatment as it become ready to be tested and analyzed. Parameter such as concentration and volume variation of TiO2 suspension, and also the inputting method of TiO2 suspension into cigarette filter. Samples were characterized using FT-IR spectrophotometer and samples data absorbance obtained in each catchment area. The results showed that by reducing absorbance value percentage of each catchment area, with inputting method of TiO2 suspension through the cigarette filter tip and base, it appears that the most stable and lowest reduction present in C3 and H3, which is sample with 1.85 mol/liter concentration and 0.3 ml suspension volume. Both sample reduced particulate matters significantly after confirmed with X-Ray Fluorescence and SEM-EDS results, and was compared to sample filter without TiO2. Inputting method of TiO2 suspension through a base of cigarette butt is better and safer than through end of cigarette filter.

The manufacturing of furniture using rattan is becoming common nowadays, and creates high amount of waste that can be value-added into binderless particleboards (BPB). In order to determine the suitability of the rattan waste for production of BPB, characterization of rattan waste is executed and reported in this paper. The physical properties such as density and moisture content of the rattan waste, together with its morphological study and thermal analysis as well as lignin content are evaluated. It is observed that density and moisture content for rattan waste are in the range of 0.64g/cm3, and 11.3% respectively. On the other hand, the morphology of rattan stem showed that rattan waste has various diameters of vascular bundles along with wide metaxylem vessels as well as thin-walled fibres. Thermal analysis of rattan waste explicated that rattan waste went through endothermic process with peak melting point of 177.80 °C during heating. The greatest weight loss occurred at 257.03 °C. Rattan waste has high lignin content of 21.2% that obtained through Klason lignin test. These promising preliminary results show that the rattan waste is appropriate to be used as raw materials in producing BPB.

Graphene is a remarkable material with high electron mobility, good mechanical strength and almost transparent. In this paper, we review the available methods which are chemical vapour deposition, Hummers and electrochemical exfoliation method for the production of graphene. Among the extensive studies in the application of graphene, supercapacitor has gained much attention nowadays. Therefore, we also briefly review the application of graphene as electrodes for the supercapacitor devices.

This study aimed to analyze the kinetics of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Cellulase enzyme was obtained fromAspergillusnigergrown on filter paper and the hydrolysis process was carried out in solid state. The kinetic reviewed here was the relationship between glucose production and cellulose mass reduction to optimize the parameters of Monod equation at various moisture levels.

The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are susceptible to microbial degradation, highly efficient, non-toxic, no secondary pollution, etc, and are considered to be the most promising biological polymers. At present, EPS have been considered by many researchers as a potential flocculent for their applications in various water, wastewater and sludge treatment process. They are insoluble organic matter adhesive to the cell surface, and they mainly derive from microbial metabolism and cell autolysis, which are mainly composed of polysaccharides, proteins, extracellular DNA. Based on illustrating content, function and structure composition of EPS, the paper reviews the action mechanism of EPS on flocculation and settlement of activated sludge and those flocculation, settlement and dewatering properties in the sewage treatment system. In addition, it summarizes the development trend and application prospect of EPS, which would provide valuable references for further research and application of EPS.

Based on the requirements of sustainable development and innovative design concept, Al films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering solves the paper based Al film forming technology of aluminum plated corrugated cardboard material so as to obtain new environmental protection. To explore the combination design, aluminum plated corrugated cardboard furniture design idea and concept of aluminum plated corrugated cardboard and other materials of the modular design, promotes the application and practical popularization value. The production of functional strong, stylish new aluminum plated corrugated cardboard furniture, can meet the needs of a growing social material production and life.

Ground Penetrating Radar is a method using high frequency impulse electromagnetic wave to detect underground media distribution. It has been gradually widely used as it has the advantage of high accuracy, fast and nondestructive respecting to the conventional method such as visual measurement and confirmation with drilling hole. In the tunnel construction process, it is easy occurred that the quality problem of insufficient lining thickness, the distance of steel arch centering too large and the concrete disengaging. The work achieved in this paper based on the project of LongSheng tunnel and its conclusion and suggestion has important practical engineering significance.

This document demonstrates how to affect the brightness of liquid package recycled pulp by hydrogen peroxide bleaching and FAS beaching. The optimum H2O2 bleaching process conditions: 8% H2O2, 4% NaOH, bleaching temperature 80 °C, bleaching time 1.5h. The best FAS bleaching conditions was FAS dosage of 0.5%, NaOH dosage of 0.25%, bleaching temperature at 80 °C, time for 30min. And bleaching had no adverse effect on the performance of bleached pulp fiber.

Using novel dual cathode/electro/Fe2+/S2O82-system to treat pickle sauerkraut wastewater, the paper investigates the influencing factors (S2O82-dosage, Fe2 +dosage, current density, Wastewater pH, electrode plate distance) of the organic matters removal and the treatment effect. Test results show that the degree of various factors influence on COD removal of sauerkraut wastewater is different. The COD removal is little effected by pH, while largely effected by current density, dosage of Fe2 +and S2O82-dosage. Under the optimum experiment conditions, current density for 30mA/cm-2, dosage of Fe2 +for 8mmol/L, S2O82-dosage for 12 mmol/L, electrode plate distance for 2 cm and pH=6, sixty minutes electrolysis, wastewater removal rate reach up to 92.6%. These results suggest that this electrochemical oxidation process by dual cathode/electro-Fe2+-S2O82-system might provide an alternative for the degradation of pickle sauerkraut wastewater.

Sludge Concentration (MLSS) is one of major parameters for operation of Anoxic/Aerobic-Membrane Bioreactors（A/O-MBR）and it influences the removal efficiency of pollutants and the rate of membrane fouling as well. This paper focuses on the effects of different MLSS on the treatment of domestic wastewater, the quantity and composition of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), and the variation of the rate of membrane fouling. It also includes a preliminary analysis of the correlation between EPS and membrane fouling to provide reference for future studies of the mechanism of membrane fouling.

This paper based on the concept of socio-cultural potential of the region considers the theoretical and practical aspects of sustainable development of the modern region.

In this research, the laccase mediator system (LMS) was used to modify the unbleached triploid populus tomentosa alkaline hydrogen peroxide pulp (APMP). The changes of pulp brightness were measured and the effects of LMS on the subsequent hydrogen peroxide bleaching were also determined. Besides, the fiber morphology was analyzed by ESEM, and then the obvious changes of pulp have been recovered. In a word, the LMS has obvious effect on cellulose.

At present, in the aquaculture environment, bait casting process of feeding machine is using time quantitative; such feeding way did not consider too much fish feeding law which will cause bait wasting and environmental pollution. An effective way to solve the problem is how to set the feeding amount through observing the fish aggregation. An intelligent bait casting method is proposed in this paper based on the machine vision technology, according to calculate the fish shoal area and shoal ratio in the feeding process. The calculate method of the fish shoal degree and flow chart of the main program is introduced. The feeding quantity is more close to the fishing bait habit. The advantage of using this method is making the bait casting more scientific and reasonable, not only saving the breeding cost, but also reducing the environment pollution.

This paper based on the social surveys considers the problems of effective management in regional sector of housing and communal services. The author concludes that the sector of housing and communal services requires social replication by means of reconstruction and renewal of state-owned building enterprises.

This paper made the detailed discourse for the study on using cellulase, hemicellulase hydrolysis of poplar fiber raw material to make glucose. The raw material used in this experiment is poplar, cellulase and hemicellulase enzymes are used. Hemicellulase is a complex system, xylose is regarded as the main chain for a lot of hemicellulose. The experiment used dry poplar as raw material, through the ball mill, ground poplar into wood powder. In the experiment, the optimal condition of enzyme hydrolysis of wood powder has been discussed based on reaction temperature, reaction time, enzyme concentration, and the pH value of reaction. Finally, under the optimal condition, use enzyme to hydrolyse wood powder, measure reducing sugar content by the DNS method, and calculate the rate of hydrolysis.