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This book explains how peptide-based drug design works, what steps are needed to develop a peptide-based therapeutic, and challenges in synthesis as well as regulatory issues. It covers the design concept of peptide therapeutics from fundamental principles using structural biology and computational approaches. The chapters are arranged in a linear fashion. A fresh graduate or a scientist who works on small molecules can use this to follow the design and development of peptide therapeutics to use as understanding the basic concepts. Each chapter is written by experts from academia as well as industry. Rather than covering extensive literature, the book provides concepts of design, synthesis, delivery, as well as regulatory affairs and manufacturing of peptides in a systematic way with examples in each case. The book can be used as a reference for a pharmaceutical or biomedical scientist or graduate student who wants to pursue their career in peptide therapeutics. Some chapterswill be written as a combination of basic principles and protocol so that scientists can adopt these methods to their research work. The examples provided can be used to perform peptide formulation considerations for the designed peptides. The book has nine chapters, and each chapter can be read as an independent unit on a particular concept.

Dieses Open Access Buch befasst sich mit praktischen Fragestellungen datenreicher internationaler Verbund-Forschung. Die datenreiche Medizin spielt in Diagnostik und Therapie eine immer größere Rolle – gerade angesichts immer leistungsfähigerer algorithmischer Mustererkennung. Mithilfe wachsender Datenbestände sind diese Algorithmen zunehmend in der Lage, Krankheitssymptome zu erkennen, diese mit anderen Daten in Beziehung zu setzen und so entweder bei der Suche nach Krankheitsursachen zu helfen oder Therapien zu optimieren. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Entwicklungen vereint der Sammelband multidisziplinäre Perspektiven auf die datengetriebene medizinische Forschung mit besonderem Blick auf die Frage der Einwilligung in die Sekundärnutzung medizinischer Daten. Dabei werden zum einen ethische Überlegungen in den Bereichen Patientenautonomie und -wohlergehen, Privatheit und Datensicherheit, sowie Verantwortungsdiffusion aufgeworfen, als auch konkrete rechtliche Fragen hinsichtlich der DSGVO-Konformität erörtert. Sozialwissenschaftliche Studien zur Art und Form der Einwilligung sowie dem Patientenverhalten runden den Band ab.

Comprehensive and practical, Mills and Sternberg's Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 7th Edition, presents advanced diagnostic techniques for differential diagnosis of the surgical specimen and the latest information on all currently known diseases. Led by Drs. Teri A. Longacre, Joel K. Greenson, Jason, L. Hornick, and Victor E. Reuter, a virtual “who's who” of experts in the field provide authoritative guidance on the diagnostic evaluation of every type of specimen from every anatomic site. Visually stunning and thoroughly up to date, this classic two-volume reference is a must-have resource no matter what your level of training or expertise.

Cardiology: An Illustrated Textbook is the latest edition of this comprehensive two volume textbook, including revised chapters with the latest advances in the field of cardiology. This edition is edited by professors from the Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, and the University of California, San Francisco. This book is comprised of 120 chapters across fifteen sections. The first four sections cover basic cardiology, cardiovascular pharmacology, diagnosis, and electrophysiology. Subsequent sections cover groups of diseases and conditions, including vascular diseases, heart failure, myocardial and pericardial diseases, coronary heart diseases, valvular heart diseases, congenital heart disease, and secondary disorders of the heart. Each section incorporates new advances and step-by-step diagnosis and treatment. The closing sections of the book cover current issues in cardiology, preventive strategies for various cardiac diseases, and a final section on ‘evolving concepts', bringing this edition firmly up to date. Cardiology: An Illustrated Textbook is enhanced by 1600 full colour images and illustrations

In recent years, interest in the management of anterior skull base tumors has been fostered by the introduction and subsequent rapid expansion of indications of transnasal endoscopic techniques. In parallel, extraordinary progress has been made in all the other disciplines which are involved in the complex process of managing anterior skull base tumors, leading to substantial improvements in diagnosis and treatment. The anterior skull base can be involved in a large variety of tumors of a varying nature and histology, which in the majority of cases originate from adjacent anatomic sites. In fact, primary lesions of the anterior skull base mainly include osteoma and other tumors originating from bone and cartilage. Tumors involving the anterior skull base have their origin prevalently in the sinonasal tract, but lesions developing on the intracranial site, such as meningiomas, may also extend caudally to encroach upon this area. All these lesions are rare, which means that the pertinent literature does not include prospective studies or treatment guidelines based on a high level of evidence. In view of the extreme histological variability of lesions involving the anterior skull base, much emphasis has been placed on addressing the different nuances of treatment in relation to histology, especially for malignant tumors. The chapters focusing on surgery provide divergent views on selection criteria for a specific surgical technique, which is the aim of this publication.

Pediatric Surgery provides an up-to-date and comprehensive analysis of current practice in the field. It is divided into three topical volumes, with a total of seven sections focusing on general principles, newborn surgery, general pediatric surgery, tumor surgery, trauma, transplantation, and pediatric urology surgery. Detailed descriptions of surgical techniques and pre- and postoperative management are provided by experts from various parts of the world.The result is an international reference on the surgical management of both common and rare diseases of infants and children that will be an ideal source of information and guidance for pediatric surgeons, pediatric urologists, neonatologists, pediatricians, and all those seeking more detailed information on surgical conditions in children.The three topical volumes are as follows: General Principles and Newborn Surgery General Pediatric Surgery, Tumors, Trauma and Transplantation Pediatric Urology

In the fourth edition of this gold-standard title, a distinguished panel of experts provides a thorough update of the significant improvements in our understanding of diabetic foot physiology and its clinical management. Divided into three sections, the first part focuses on clinical features and diagnosis; the second on pathophysiology; and the third on the management of diabetic foot problems. In addition to updating all previous chapters, several new contributions have been added, reflecting advances in our understanding of the causes of diabetic foot ulcers and efforts to develop new and more effective therapies. The authors, many practicing at the famous Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center, again illuminate the successful new multidisciplinary approach now clearly required for successful treatment of the diabetic foot. Drawing on the experiences of diabetologists, podiatrists, vascular surgeons, infectious disease specialists, orthotists, plastic and orthopedic surgeons, The Diabetic Foot: Medical and Surgical Management, 4th Edition expertly describes standard techniques and current methods derived from the most recent data. This updated edition will be of significant value to all physicians and researchers with interest in a state-of-the-art understanding of the diabetic foot.

Discover the amazing inventions throughout history that have shaped the world as we know it.This stunning visual guide explores and explains the greatest inventions, ideas, and discoveries throughout the ages, and introduces their inventors. From fire, stone tools, and the wheel to ploughs and paper, discover the first inventions that shaped societies and grew mighty civilizations and empires such as those in ancient Greece, ancient Rome, and ancient China.In the centuries that followed,'Eureka'moments abounded, with James Watt's steam engine during the Industrial Revolution, Henry Ford's car assembly line at the start of the 20th century, the Wright brothers'flying machines, Thomas Edison's light bulb, John Logie Baird's television, and so much more.Read about era-defining moments during the Digital Revolution, such as the first website developed by Tim Berners-Lee, and the growth in the use of robotics in industry and at home.Inventions: A Visual Encyclopedia reveals the stories behind the crucial and quirky contraptions - products of the world's most brilliant minds.

The most authoritative guide to sonography in obstetrics and gynecology—completely revised to reflect the latest technologies and practices Written by radiologists and ob/gyns to provide a balanced perspective, this standard-setting guide is both a clinically relevant reference text and atlas. Presented in full color and enhanced by more than 2000 illustrations, it expertly examines the full spectrum of disorders and conditions likely to be encountered in gynecologic and maternal-fetal care. Readers will find coverage of the latest procedures and diagnostic guidelines for the use of sonography in ob/gyn, including 3D and 4D image processing, transvaginal sonography, and color Doppler sonography. The book opens with general obstetric sonography, covering such pivotal topics as normal pelvic anatomy and fetal echocardiography, before moving into fetal anomalies and disorders. Risk assessment and therapy, including first trimester screening and amniocentesis, are explored in the next section, while the remaining parts of the book focus on maternal disorders, gynecological sonography, and the newest complementary imaging modalities. • All-inclusive coverage of everything from sonographic operating instruments and screening the fetal patient for syndromes and anomalies, to diagnosing the female patient for cysts, infertility, and incontinence • Learning aids include: a “key points” section in each chapter; skill-building clinical scenarios; a stronger focus on differential diagnosis; multiple visuals (figure, illustration, or table) on each page; and helpful chapter-opening summaries • New chapters on enhanced myometrial vascularity, Doppler sonography of abnormal fetal condition, sonography of uterine scar pregnancies, ultrasound-guided fetal therapy, evaluation of acute and chronic pelvic pain, and contrast-enhanced

Using a multidisciplinary approach, this book describes the biochemical mechanisms associated with dysregulation of proteases and the resulting pathophysiological consequences. It highlights the role and regulation of different types of proteases as well as their synthetic and endogenous inhibitors. The role of proteases was initially thought to be limited to general metabolic digestion. However, we now know that the role of protein breakdown is much more complex, and proteases have multiple functions: they are coupled to turnover and can affect protein composition, function and synthesis. In addition to eliminating abnormal proteins, breakdown has many modulatory functions, including activating and inactivating enzymes, modulating membrane function, altering receptor channel properties, affecting transcription and cell cycles and forming active peptides. The ubiquity of proteases in nature makes them an important target for drug development.This in-depth, comprehensive is avaluable resource for researchers involved in identifying new targets for drug development. With its multidisciplinary scope, it bridges the gap between fundamental and translational research in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries, making it thought-provoking reading for scientists in the field.

Obesity epidemic is a global problem of the 21th century for women in reproductive age and also the obstetricians and pediatricians. There are influences of mother's prepragnancy and antepartal obesity, at delivery, for fetal programming and for maternal and fetal lifelong metabolism. The epidemiological results are important, but for the health care providers the skills for prevention of mother's obesity with all consequences are essential. Evaluated programms in nutrition and physical activity will be discussed.

Developing Solid Oral Dosage Forms: Pharmaceutical Theory and Practice, Second Edition illustrates how to develop high-quality, safe, and effective pharmaceutical products by discussing the latest techniques, tools, and scientific advances in preformulation investigation, formulation, process design, characterization, scale-up, and production operations. This book covers the essential principles of physical pharmacy, biopharmaceutics, and industrial pharmacy, and their application to the research and development process of oral dosage forms. Chapters have been added, combined, deleted, and completely revised as necessary to produce a comprehensive, well-organized, valuable reference for industry professionals and academics engaged in all aspects of the development process. New and important topics include spray drying, amorphous solid dispersion using hot-melt extrusion, modeling and simulation, bioequivalence of complex modified-released dosage forms, biowaivers, and much more. - Written and edited by an international team of leading experts with experience and knowledge across industry, academia, and regulatory settings - Includes new chapters covering the pharmaceutical applications of surface phenomenon, predictive biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics, the development of formulations for drug discovery support, and much more - Presents new case studies throughout, and a section completely devoted to regulatory aspects, including global product regulation and international perspectives

Gli ospedali moderni stanno vivendo un profondo cambiamento nell'ambiente in cui operano con spinte esogene ed endogene che producono nuovi fabbisogni organizzativi rispetto al passato. Sembra dunque evidente la necessità di riconfigurare l'ospedale, ripensando ed innovando la gestione dei suoi asset. Per ottimizzare il funzionamento della macchina produttiva “ospedale” e per migliorare la gestione dei flussi è?? possibile agire sul lay-out e sull'organizzazione degli spazi, sul dimensionamento e sulla programmazione della capacità?? produttiva, sull'organizzazione delle attività e dei processi e sulle tecnologie e sistemi informativi. Nel caso del blocco operatorio, soluzioni architettoniche e di organizzazione degli spazi – come la creazione di un blocco operatorio centralizzato, l'attivazione di una recovery room oppure l'attivazione di sale operatorie dedicate alle urgenze – possono migliorare significativamente le prestazioni sia in termini di produttività, che di qualità e sicurezza. Così come il governo della sicurezza del processo chirurgico, che richiede linee di intervento che possono riguardare, da un lato, la gestione dei flussi in sala operatoria, dall'altro la gestione della qualità?? delle interazioni tra i vari membri del team chirurgico, l'introduzione di strumenti e tecniche di prevenzione degli errori e, infine, la gestione del rischio correlato all'uso delle tecnologie sanitarie per la sicurezza del paziente chirurgico. Questi ed altri temi correlati sono approfonditi e discussi con casi pratici nel testo.

The aim of this book is to present a range of analytical methods that can be used in formulation design and development and focus on how these systems can be applied to understand formulation components and the dosage form these build. To effectively design and exploit drug delivery systems, the underlying characteristic of a dosage form must be understood--from the characteristics of the individual formulation components, to how they act and interact within the formulation, and finally, to how this formulation responds in different biological environments. To achieve this, there is a wide range of analytical techniques that can be adopted to understand and elucidate the mechanics of drug delivery and drug formulation. Such methods include e.g. spectroscopic analysis, diffractometric analysis, thermal investigations, surface analytical techniques, particle size analysis, rheological techniques, methods to characterize drug stability and release, and biological analysis in appropriate cell and animal models. Whilst each of these methods can encompass a full research area in their own right, formulation scientists must be able to effectively apply these methods to the delivery system they are considering. The information in this book is designed to support researchers in their ability to fully characterize and analyze a range of delivery systems, using an appropriate selection of analytical techniques. Due to its consideration of regulatory approval, this book will also be suitable for industrial researchers both at early stage up to pre-clinical research.

De auteurs hebben in Patiëntveiligheid, Systematische Incident Reconstructie en Evaluatie (SIRE) de ervaringen verwerkt die zij hebben opgedaan bij het uitvoeren van, en onderwijs geven in, SIRE. Daarnaast is de scoop verbreed met voorbeelden uit de huisartsenpraktijk, GGZ en care sector.

The series Topics in Organometallic Chemistry presents critical overviews of research results in organometallic chemistry. As our understanding of organometallic structure, properties and mechanisms increases, new ways are opened for the design of organometallic compounds and reactions tailored to the needs of such diverse areas as organic synthesis, medical research, biology and materials science. Thus the scope of coverage includes a broad range of topics of pure and applied organometallic chemistry, where new breakthroughs are being achieved that are of significance to a larger scientific audience. The individual volumes of Topics in Organometallic Chemistry are thematic. Review articles are generally invited by the volume editors. All chapters from Topics in Organometallic Chemistry are published OnlineFirst with an individual DOI. In references, Topics in Organometallic Chemistry is abbreviated as Top Organomet Chem and cited as a journal

This book discusses different aspects of trauma surgery, ranging from the various types of trauma and their management, infection, sepsis and inflammation to tissue injury and repair in trauma. It discusses cellular, molecular and genetic research findings and their role in pathogenesis in trauma and injury. In addition, it highlights the translational application of advanced theories and technologies in the management of trauma patients. This book is a valuable resource for anyone involved in the management of severe trauma damage to tissues wanting to reduce early mortality and improve patients'quality of life.

In recent years, emerging trends in the design and development of drug products have indicated ever greater need for integrated characterization of excipients and in-depth understanding of their roles in drug delivery applications. This book presents a concise summary of relevant scientific and mechanistic information that can aid the use of excipients in formulation design and drug delivery applications. Each chapter is contributed by chosen experts in their respective fields, which affords truly in-depth perspective into a spectrum of excipient-focused topics. This book captures current subjects of interest – with the most up to date research updates – in the field of pharmaceutical excipients. This includes areas of interest to the biopharmaceutical industry users, students, educators, excipient manufacturers, and regulatory bodies alike.

The pursuit of quality has been a human endeavor since ancient times, which accelerated in the 20th Century in the industry through the vision and contributions of Shewart, Juran and Deming, who created the basis of disruptive innovations in science and technology, and contributed to the advance of industrial leadership in Japan. Quality became an essential component of industry, and has evolved with the emergence of new leaders like Feigenbaum, Crosby and Oakland. Garvin described that quality is measured from multiple perspectives, including manufacturers, payers and consumers. Albeit the practice of medicine has been considered an art beyond the scope of measurement or improvement, efforts to improve the quality of health care have also occurred. In the last three decades, a vibrant movement to improve the quality of health care has sprung up, under the leadership of the United States, Europe, Japan and Australia. The first milestones in the pursuit of quality of health care were individual efforts that faced adversity and discredit. Ernest A. Codman led to the measurement of the outcomes of healthcare and became the basis of the first and current regulating agencies. Documented deficiencies by the Flexner report in 1910 led to improvements in the quality of medical education and the pre-eminence of a biomedical scientific model. The modern area of quality of health care was heralded under the leadership of Avedis Donabedian who described its three components: structure, process and outcomes. Over the years, it was recognized that the most important stakeholders in the assessment of quality of healthcare are patients and their families. In the words of Peter Drucker, “customers are the reasons we get to stay in business”, and medicine is no exception. Since 1980, the leaders, the amount of information and the initiatives to improve quality of healthcare increased exponentially. This history hit a critical turning point in 1999 with the Institute of Medicine “To Err is Human” report that documented the disadvantages of health care with other high risk industries and the priorities to increase patient safety and quality. New leaders of quality of health care include Donald Berwick, Thomas Bodenheimer, Peter Pronovost, Atul Gawande, Michael Porter, Clayton Christensen, and Richard Grol and their contributions are recognized. In the last decade, application of industrial strategies to improve quality, including Lean and Six Sigma has been tested in healthcare, with positive but still limited results. Current priorities and challenges include patient centeredness and safety, quality assurance, innovation, and sustainable, long term implementation. “Quality of Health Care: History, Evidence and Implementation” describes the evolution of quality in health care and its roots in industry. Beyond the importance of technical excellence and the advances achieved in the delivery of health services, quality of health care is deeply influenced by the social determinants of health, by the performance of health systems, by patients'adherence and clinical inertia. Quality of health care is about people, patient centeredness, the use of scientific evidence and the capacity to produce outcomes. “Quality of Health Care, from Evidence to Implementation,” describes the evolution of quality in health care, its roots in industry, and the various components directly and indirectly involved. This book delivers a comprehensive view, and an inviting approach to integrate its components and the challenges of measurement and innovative strategies of implementation, individual and social support.

Ergonomics is a human-centered discipline. This is particularly true for healthcare systems and patient safety where the human‘s well-being will undergo critical impacts if solutions are not properly designed and practiced. Effective handling of these concerns involves knowledge from healthcare work (e.g., shift work, patient handling, and medical

This book presents some well known “pearls” as to how to improve your day to day workplace performance, be efficiently productive, be an inherent part of the team, how to shine and impress. At the same time advice is given as to how to prepare for postgraduate exams, develop essential technical skills and successfully participate in research. This generic guidance can be of use for those aspiring in becoming a generalist or subspecialty doctor and will be of value in whichever part of the world you end up practicing in.

El libro hace especial hincapié en los dos aspectos fundamentales de la gestión sanitaria de forma integral, el de eficiencia y control de costes bajo nuevas herramientas de gestión como son los sistemas de ajuste de riesgos refinados, ampliamente descritos en tres de los capítulos del libro (Capítulos 10, 29 y30); y el de gestión continua de la calidad, enfocada hacia la mejora de la calidad del sistema sanitario, también a lo largo de varios capítulos del libro. La mejora de la calidad del sistema sanitario en su conjunto debe presidir las actuaciones de las instituciones sanitarias públicas y privadas, por lo queéste es un libro de lectura recomen-dada para todos los agentes participantesen la asistencia sanitaria, y de manera especial para aquellos involucrados directamente con la gestión, bien a nivel de cuadros de mando directivos y asistenciales como de todos aquellos profesionales de la sanidad, que constituyenun elemento esencial en la modernización y calidad del sistema sanitario español en su con-junto, involucrados o con ansias de participar en el nuevo cambiode paradigma de la gestión clínica. Otro de los elementos esenciales para elfuncionamiento cohesionado y con garantías de calidad del Sistema Nacional deSalud, es la existencia de un verdadero sistema de información sanitaria que garantice la disponibilidad de la información y la comunicación recí-procas entre la Administración sanitaria del Estado y la de las comunidades autónomas, ysirva de punto de partida para la confección de protocolos clínicos y de Guías Integradas Asistenciales, y que posibilite la realización de un efectivo bench-marking. En este aspecto el libro aporta y describe también ampliamente envarios capítulos la importancia de los indicado-res tanto de actividad como decalidad asistencial con un enfoque final hacia la gestión clínica y el gobierno clínico, aspectos estos ampliamente descritos a lo largo de varios capítulos. En conclusión, creo que se trata de una obra de gran interés en el campo del mundo de la gestión sanitaria, esencial y de obligada lectura en aras de unfuncionamiento cohesionado y con garantías de calidad, y muy útil como guión yreferencia para poder introducir aquellas reformas necesarias que nos permitan reforzar la sostenibilidad, mejorar la eficiencia en la gestión, promover elahorro y las economías de escala, e introducir nuevas herramientas a través de las nuevas tecnologías con criterios de racionalización y eficiencia en la gestión, que permitan además una mayor homogeneización y estandarización del proceso, tanto en la gestión de estructuras sanitarias como en la clínica diaria.INDICE RESUMIDO: Sistemas sanitarios y reformas sanitarias. Carácterísticas delos modelos sanitarios. La Ley 17/2003 de Cohesión y Calidad del Sistema Nacional de Salud. La Ley 41/2002, de 14 de Noviembre, básica de Autonomía del Paciente, como herramienta normativa de mejora de la calidad asistencial. Indicadores de actividad de las organizaciones sanitarias. Calidad y bioética en lasorganizaciones sanitarias. Normativa ética y de calidad de la investigación biomédica. Desarrollo de un programa de calidad en Atención Primaria. Mejora dela calidad asistencial mediante la telemedicina y la teleasistencia, etc

Patient Safety and Healthcare Improvement at a Glance is a timely and thorough overview of healthcare quality written specifically for students and junior doctors and healthcare professionals. It bridges the gap between the practical and the theoretical to ensure the safety and wellbeing of patients. Featuring essential step-by-step guides to interpreting and managing risk, quality improvement within clinical specialties, and practice development, this highly visual textbook offers the best preparation for the increased emphasis on patient safety and quality-driven focus in today's healthcare environment. Healthcare Improvement and Safety at a Glance: • Maps out and follows the World Health Organization Patient Safety curriculum • Draws upon the quality improvement work of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement This practical guide, covering a vital topic of increasing importance in healthcare, provides the first genuine introduction to patient safety and quality improvement grounded in clinical practice.

Edited by a professor at Harvard Medical School who has extensive experience in this field, this important and timely book presents a variety of perspectives on the organization of patient medical records around patient problems, presenting a more effective problem-oriented approach rather than the traditional data-oriented approach. It is com

The Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Thermoelectrics contains manuscripts from leading experts on topics spanning from material processing to applications in the field of thermoelectrics. The selected manuscripts also describe recent developments on measurement systems of thermoelectric properties, and the design and modelling of thermoelectric generators.

Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management is a collection of papers presented at the PSAM 7 - ESREL'04 Conference in June 2004. The joint Conference provided a forum for the presentation of the latest developments in methodology and application of probabilistic and reliability methods in various industries. The aim of these applications is the optimisation of technological systems and processes from the perspective of a risk-informed safety management while also taking economic and environmental aspects into account. Bringing together leading experts from all over the world, the papers reflect a wide variety of disciplines, such as principles and theory of reliability and risk analysis, systems modelling and simulation, consequence assessment, human and organisational factors, structural reliability methods, software reliability and safety, insights and lessons from risk studies and management/decision making.

In the past, MRI has often been assigned a subsidiary role in the diagnostic work-up of muscular diseases owing to the frequent inability of routine MRI protocols to detect pathognomonic findings. This situation is changing with the advent of modern MR imaging techniques that offer deeper insights into various surrogate pathophysiologic parameters. In this book, recognized experts from around the world provide a comprehensive overview of the value of cutting-edge MRI for the assessment of normal and diseased skeletal muscle. A range of aspects are covered, from the general role of MRI in imaging the skeletal musculature, including in comparison with ultrasonography, through to the current value of MRI in the diagnostic work-up of different diseases. In addition, several chapters present research findings in respect of modern morphological and functional MRI techniques and provide examples of the added value provided by these techniques when evaluating muscular diseases.

In this book, the authors present current research in the study of contraceptives and their predictors of use, role of cultural attitudes and practices and levels of effectiveness. Topics discussed in this compilation include the history of contraception from the ancient Egyptians to the'morning after'pill; the implicit social cognition of attitudes toward contraceptives and the implications for sexual behavior; improving contraceptive choices and use; qualities of romantic relationships and consistent condom use among dating young adults; and contraceptive use and non-use among the Black and Latina populations.

In keeping with the style of the Handbook of Modern Biophysics, this fourth volume, Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Biomedicine, balances the need for physical science/mathematics formalism with a demand for biomedical perspectives. Each chapter divides the presentation into two major parts: the first establishes the conceptual framework and describes the instrumentation or technique, while the second illustrates current applications in addressing complex biology questions. With the additional sections on further reading, problems, and references, the interested reader can explore some chapter ideas more widely.

This book is a compendium from national and international thought leaders in health care quality. The aim is to provide readers with diverse and leading views in the burgeoning field of quality, safety and value. We do not intend to repeat or replace the seminal efforts of Avedis Donabedian and other pioneers in health care quality. Rather, the intent is to compliment the rich journey of continuous improvement in health care with a current,'state-of-the-art'view. The chapters in this book may be read in any order and asynchronously without compromising the value of the experience and education. Finally, we aim to stimulate further thought and action to help our patients and health care institutions in the quest to provide high-performance and high-reliability health care on top of a foundation of rapid, institutional learning.

The concept of this book arises from a symposium entitled “Human-Macaque Interactions: Traditional and Modern Perspectives on Cooperation and Conflict ” organized at the 23rd Congress of the International Primatological Society, that was held in Kyoto in September 2010. The symposium highlighted the many aspects of human-macaque relations and some of the participants were invited to contribute to this volume. The volume will include about 11 chapters by a variety of international authors and some excerpts from published literature that illustrate cultural notions of macaques. Contributions from invited authors will engage with four main perspectives – traditional views of macaques, cooperative relationships between humans and macaques, current scenarios of human-macaque conflict, and how living with and beside humans has affected macaques. Authors will address these concerns through their research findings and reviews of their work on the Asian, and the lone African, macaques. ​

As innovations are constantly being developed within health care, it can be difficult both to select appropriate new practices and technologies and to successfully adopt them within complex organizations. It is necessary to understand the consequences of introducing change, how to best implement new procedures and techniques, how to evaluate success and to improve the quality of patient care. This comprehensive guide allows you to do just that. Improving Patient Care, 2nd edition provides a structure for professionals and change agents to implement better practices in health care. It helps health professionals, managers, policy makers and researchers to assess new techniques and select and implement change in their organizations. This new edition includes recent evidence and further coverage on patient safety and patient centred strategies for change. Written by an international expert author team, Improving Patient Care is an established standard text for postgraduate students of health policy, health services and health management. The strong author team are global professors involved in managing research and development in the field of quality improvement, evidence-based practice and guidelines, quality assessment and indicators to improve patient outcomes through receiving appropriate healthcare.

Part of the popular Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology Series, Head and Neck Pathology delivers vital diagnostic guidance in a compact, high-yield format. Concise and easy to use, this pathology reference offers a practical, well-organized approach to evaluating a wide range of specimens in both head and neck and related endocrine pathology.Easily review normal histology before examining abnormal findings so you can avoid false positives. Reach accurate diagnostic conclusions easily with a consistent, user-friendly format that explores each entity's clinical features, pathologic features (gross and microscopic), ancillary studies, differential diagnoses, and prognostic and therapeutic considerations. Apply the latest diagnostic criteria for all of the most commonly seen neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions of the larynx, hypopharynx, and trachea; nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx; oral cavity and oropharynx; salivary glands; ear; and temporal bone. Gain a superb visual understanding of important histologic features with hundreds of full-color illustrations representing a wide variety of pathologic lesions. Quickly reference key information with convenient, at-a-glance clinical and pathologic boxes throughout. Get concise, complete coverage of both head and neck pathology and related endocrine pathology (including salivary, thyroid, and thymus diseases and disorders) - all in one convenient book.

This book describes the current status of the very rapidly developing field of high-field MR and examines the possibilities, challenges, and limitations of this fascinating technology. In the initial chapters, the basic technological background is explained in a non-technical way so as to promote understanding of the issues and concepts and avoid overwhelming the reader with excessive detail. Safety issues, methods, and contrast are then carefully considered. The final part of the book examines the diverse applications of high-field MR imaging in radiology, neuroscience, oncology, and other fields, with the aid of numerous high-quality illustrations. All chapters are written by leading experts who have taken great care to illustrate the potential and progress of the field in an informative and accessible manner. The book will appeal to all with a potential interest in the application of high-field MR imaging, including radiologists, neuroscientists, and oncologists.

Is the reporting of medical errors changing? This book shows with real cases from health care and beyond that most errors come from flaws in the system. It also shows why they don't get reported and how medical error disclosure around the world is shifting away from blaming people, to a'no-fault'model that seeks to improve the whole system of care. The book intends to provide an introduction to medical errors that result in preventable adverse events. It will examine issues that stymie efforts made to reduce preventable adverse events and medical errors, and will moreover highlight their impact on clinical laboratories and other areas, including educational, bioethical, and regulatory issues. Varying error rates of 0.1-9.3% in clinical diagnostic laboratories have been reported in the literature. While it is suggested that fewer errors occur in the laboratory than in other hospital settings, the quantum of laboratory tests used in healthcare entails that even a small error rate may reflect a large number of errors. The interdependence of surgical specialties, emergency rooms, and intensive care units - all of which are prone to higher rates of medical errors - with clinical diagnostic laboratories entails that reducing error rates in laboratories is essential to ensuring patient safety in other critical areas of healthcare. The author maintains that many such errors are preventable provided that appropriate attention is paid to systemic factors involved in laboratory errors. This book identifies possible intelligent system approaches that can be adopted to help control and eliminate these errors. It is a valuable tool for physicians, clinical biochemists, research scientists, laboratory technologists and anyone interested in reducing adverse events at all levels of healthcare processes.

Una sanità sempre più di qualità e sicura è un obiettivo che presuppone un modello di governo clinico capace di mettere continuamente alla prova non solo la professionalità, ma anche la mentalità, le abitudini e icomportamenti di ogni operatore sanitario. Il riferimento deve essere sempre il paziente, adeguatamente informato per essere responsabile del proprio percorso di salute.La sicurezza nei percorsi sanitari e assistenziali, assieme al rispetto delle procedure e dei protocolli diagnostico-terapeutici, deve quindi divenire il principio su cui basare qualsiasi proposta organizzativa in sanità. La seconda edizione del volume di Charles Vincent, Patient Safety – presentato per la prima volta in versione italiana – rappresenta un'utilissima guida al miglioramento delle procedure relative alla sicurezza in ambito sanitario.Questo libro rappresenta un utile strumento per la formazione delle nuove generazioni di operatori sanitari, affinché, fin dalla preparazioneuniversitaria e poi nell'educazione continua, la qualità e la sicurezza delle cure divengano un pilastro fondamentale nella cultura professionale e manageriale del presente e del futuro.

The aim of this book is not to encourage defensive medical practice, but to help provide better, optimum care to patients and to be forth right and honest to our dear customers about our inevitable mistakes.This book will focus on clinical issues facing physicians in different settings (which can lead to malpractice), and the best approach to use to avoid litigations, and practice good medicine.

Advances in intensive and critical care medicine occur rapidly. Innovation, training and research are the pillars that support a process deriving from basic science and multiprofessional/multidisciplinary interventions. The APICE 2010 Yearbook highlights several innovations for optimising prevention and management measures for the critically ill by integrating diagnostic procedures with pharmacological and technological options. Considering that cerebral, respiratory, cardiovascular, renal and metabolic dysfunctions occurring during serious illnesses or syndromes represent risk factors for patient survival, the final goal remains multifaceted: to improve standards and quality of care; to introduce the expanding concept of clinical governance and professionalism; to focus on the importance of ethical principles for establishing a process of patient-centered and evidence-based care. For these reasons, medical professionals must reach a consensus regarding the importance of continuing medical education.

The Side Effects of Drugs Annual was first published in 1977. It has been continually published since then, as a yearly update to the voluminous encyclopedia Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs. Each new Annual continues to provide clinicians and medical investigators with a reliable and critical yearly survey of new data and trends in the area of Adverse Drug Reactions and Interactions. An international team of specialists has contributed to the informative, by critically interpreting it, and by pointing to whatever is misleading. - Provides a critical yearly survey of new data and trends - Special reviews in this Annual include, among other topics, Epidemiology of the use of ecstasy, Paracetamol and the risk of asthma, Combination vaccines/multiple immunizations, Interactions of herbal medicines with warfarin, and Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Oral Drug Absorption, Second Edition thoroughly examines the special equipment and methods used to test whether drugs are released adequately when administered orally. The contributors discuss methods for accurately establishing and validating in vitro/in vivo correlations for both MR and IR formulations, as well as alternative approaches for MR an

Description based on print version record.

This book contains the proceedings of the Tenth European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI) Special Topic Conference 2010; Europe's leading forum for presenting the results of current scientific work in health informatics processes, systems and technologies. Included are two invited keynotes, one session keynote and 25 full papers, selected by the Scientific Programme Committee from 61 submissions, each rigorously reviewed by three reviewers. Subjects include: Electronic health records and personal health records, traceability, security, privacy and safety and quality, as well as interoperability and standards, patient empowerment, satisfaction and safety, continuity of care and device integration. Most of the topics are interdisciplinary in nature and the book will be of interest not only to those scientists involved with medical, bio- and health informatics, but to all health administrators, medical professionals and representatives of industry and consultancy in the various health fields.

This book describes the theories, applications, and challenges for different oral controlled release formulations. This book differs from most in its focus on oral controlled release formulation design and process development. It also covers the related areas like preformulation, biopharmaceutics, in vitro-in vivo correlations (IVIVC), quality by design (QbD), and regulatory issues.

Perinatal Epidemiology synthesizes perinatal knowledge through the lens of public health practice. This comprehensive text uses a consistent, logical format to offer readers: (1) A spectrum of topics affecting maternal and infant health: reproductive health concerns, maternal and infant morbidity and mortality, and gestation and fetal growth. (2) Information on timely issues, including infertility, gestational diabetes, preterm delivery, postpartum depression, and SIDS. (3) Detailed discussions of current epidemiological trends, measures and measurement issues, data sources, and risk and protective factors for each condition covered. (4) In-depth consideration of public health interventions and their availability, strengths and limitations. (5) Emerging areas of interest and directions for research. (6) Text boxes, definitions of key terms, discussion questions, appendices, and other helpful features. Perinatal Epidemiology is a valuable, ready resource for public health professionals in maternal and child care, reproduction and fertility. Its accessibility and easy-use format make it an equally strong textbook for courses in these fields as well as for advanced medical and nursing students in OB/GYN and pediatrics.

The management of tumors in and adjacent to the skullbase is challenging given the complex and critically important anatomy of the region and the wide diversity of tumor pathologies that may be encountered. To help navigate the complexities of contemporary multidisciplinary management of these patients, Drs. Hanna and DeMonte bring you Comprehensiv

Dissolution in different steps of pharmaceutical drug development was considered in this work. Dissolution is used as informative tool throughout the entire development process: After identification of a possible drug candidate, intrinsic dissolution in different buffer media is tested for physicochemical characterization. In galenics dissolution is used to develop and optimize formulations by comparative release studies. During scale-up dissolution testing is used to observe influence of process or parameter changes. For regulatory affairs all of these dissolution studies are of interest and many have to be presented to the authorities. Most of the dissolution testing designs in pharmaceutical development are following pharmacopoeial monographs or general chapters and official guidelines. In addition these “official” dissolution testing setups, a progression of more innovative dissolution methods closer to physiological conditions are used. Devices simulating movement and flow of the GIT combined with media simulating the gastrointestinal fluids are often used. Disadvantages of these methods are that they are time-consuming and expensive, both of which limit throughput. The aims of this thesis were to (a) reduce time consumption regarding preparation of biorelevant dissolution, (b) increase biorelevance of the media FaSSIF and FeSSIF by substituting the non-physiological buffer systems for bicarbonate and (c) to increase throughput by miniaturization of dissolution devices. To meet the first goal a novel preparation method for the biorelevant media FaSSIF and FeSSIF was established. The conventional method uses chlorinated organic solvent, is time-consuming in preparation (approx. 2 hours) and needs to be done daily. The investigated method uses freeze-drying for the preparation of instant biorelevant media. The instant media only consist of bile salt and lecithin in mixed micelles. In situ preparation is done by simply adding blank buffer to the rapidly dissolving lyophilisate. Freeze-dried product gave comparable results to freshly prepared media and improved reproducibility. Comparison to commercial available instant media indicated superiority of the freeze-drying method. Next, a buffer system based on the more physiological bicarbonate buffer was investigated. A method to maintain a stable buffer system throughout the dissolution testing. The buffer therefore was created by sparging carbon dioxide into alkali saline solution to forming carbonate and bicarbonate as buffer system. At equilibrium the media was transferred to the vessels and supply of carbon dioxide continued by sparging the gas above the solution. Therewith bubble formation could be minimized, although not excluded. Only a small range of buffer strength and pH combinations was possible. The lowest pH still providing effective buffer capacity (5 mmol/l/∆pH) was 5.5. Physiologically relevant buffer capacities of 10 and 30 mmol/l/∆pH were tested at pH 6.5. The buffer turned out to be very sensitive against pH modifying agents by loosening its buffer capacity and strength. Standard deviations were generally higher. No superiority over conventional buffer systems like phosphate or acetate buffer regarding IVIVC was given. Therefore it is concluded that bicarbonate buffer is not a suitable medium for in vitro dissolution testing. Subsequently methods for small scale dissolution testing were established. Improvement of throughput in dissolution testing was achieved. The investigated BI miniDiss method can be used to test release profiles of small particulate formulations or intermediates. High throughput excipient screening for early formulation is possible by using the well-plate method. In the first series of tests, downscaling by factor 10 was conducted by miniaturizing and automating standard dissolution apparatus. Small vessels of 20 ml volume and paddles of about 8 mm diameter were used. Automating was done by sampling through paddle hollow shafts and

Volume 2 addresses the applications and approaches in advanced drug delivery systems, including transdermal, pulmonary, and ocular routes. In addition, this text discusses the impact of the shift to personalized medicines in the fields of pharmaceutical biotechnology, pharmacogenomics, and nanotechnology.Volume 2 investigates: sustained- and contr

Presents papers from the workshop'Patient Safety through Intelligent Procedures in medication'focusing on: identification of ADE and medication errors in hospital settings; the role of human and organizational factors on ADE and medication errors; and information and communication technologies to prevent or correct ADEs and medication errors.

The maxim “Primum non nocere” is almost as old as the practice of medicine. In combination with the principles of beneficence, autonomy and justice, and whilst keeping in mind the confidence and dignity of the patient, it should constitute the basis of our behaviours as physicians and nurses. Since diagnostic and therapeutic interventions have become more complex and their risk/benefit ratios more difficult to assess, the importance of safety and quality of care rises. Avoiding the infliction of harm on our patients has moved into the focus of clinical medicine. Patient safety is now viewed as a priority even by the Presidency of the European Union. Physicians in intensive care medicine deal with the most fragile and dependent human beings, often struggling with multiple co-morbid diseases and physiological derangements at the limits of survival. These patients are often reliant on numerous invasive technologies for their survival. Moreover, the almost universal need for multiple pharmacological interventions – combinations of which have often never been rigorously tested before – places the critically ill patients at a very high risk of being harmed by the physician's interventions. More than 120 internationally known experts introduce their current knowledge of patient safety and quality of care in intensive care medicine in over 50 chapters covering the following fields: - Safety in intensive care medicine - Decision making - Culture and behaviour - Structure and processes - Protocolised medicine - First, do no harm - Safety during technical support - Training, teaching and education - Risk management - Ethical issues - Future approaches This book should be read by every manager who has responsibility for the acutely ill. It is an invaluable educational and reference tool for physicians and nurses in intensive care medicine and will help to improve the safety and overall care for critically ill patients.