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Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the progress of heart failure (HF). A pronounced variability of defects in mitochondrial subpopulations is reported to occur in various disease models. The aim of the study was to define the defects in the ultra structure and bioenergetic function of cardiac mitochondria in acute myocardial infarction-induced HF. AMI-induced HF rats were treated with saline (4.0ml/kg) for 8weeks. The ultra structure of myocardial mitochondrial subpopulations was assessed by electron microscope. The bioenergetic function of myocardial mitochondrial subpopulations was evaluated through Clark oxygen electrode. Results indicated that myocardial mitochondrial subpopulations in Model group had abnormal mitochondrial morphology which manifested as swelling and vacuoles, membrane lysis, fuzzy ridge structure, cristae lysis or disappear in IFM particularly, while SSM was almost survived in AMI induced heart failure. Results showed that the oxidative phosphorylation function of respiratory chain of NADH oxidation was impaired notably. Compared with Sham group, both P/O (P<0.01) and OPR (P<0.01) of myocardial IFM in model rats decreased, and V3 (P<0.01), P/O (P<0.05) and OPR (P<0.01) of SSM in Model group decreased either. Meanwhile, the oxidative phosphorylation function of respiratory chain of FADH oxidation was injured in SSM particularly, which presented as the decreased P/O (P<0.01). We propose that the mitochondrial defect of severe HF mostly lies in the interfibrillar mitochondria rather than in the subsarcolemmal mitochondria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes of heart failure (HF) are considered as the key to realize the integration of disease and syndrome differentiation, as well as the correspondence between recipes and syndromes. The evolution of HF syndromes starts with changing of yin-yang and ends with collapsing of yin-yang. This process depends on five viscera, the center of which is the heart and kidneys. Then we present a hypothesis of yin-yang and five viscera on the evolution of HF syndromes. Standardization of HF syndromes is urgently needed, while methodology sheds light on the establishment and usage of standardization of HF syndromes in future. Objective of HF syndromes may lead to the discovery of the syndromes essence, which relies on case-based TCM evidence via integration of modern science and technology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]