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•Molecular epidemiological analysis of 57 carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosaisolates from southeast Shanxi, china.•These CRPA isolates harboured various genes encoding carbapenemase, such as variants of the OXA-50 family, blaIMP, blaOXA, AIM-1, CMY-51, mecD, NmcR, and PDC, exhibits unique regional characteristics.•Two STs of the global top 10 P. aeruginosahigh-risk clone, ST235 and ST277, have been detected in this region.

ABSTRACTThe complex background and small scale of objects in remote sensing images (RSIs) lead to poor detection performance. To solve these problems, a new object detection method named the residual feature enhancement detection network (RFEDN) is proposed. First, to weaken the interference of irrelevant backgrounds, we introduce a common-and-differential attention network into the cross-stage partial darknet−53, which can refine features in both channel and spatial dimensions so that the network pays attention to meaningful features. After this, we design the residual feature enhancement-based path aggregation network (RFE-PANet), which can help alleviate the problem of information loss caused by channel reduction. We perform experiments on the dataset of object detection in aerial images (DOTA) series datasets and the HRSC2016 dataset. The experimental results reveal the superior performance of the proposed method.

The waxberry-like mixed-phase TiO2hollow microstructures (WMTHMs) are controllably prepared viaa topotactic synthetic method, involving the synthesis of monodispersed CaTiO3precursors by a solvothermal method and subsequently transforming them into TiO2through a Na2EDTA-assisted ion-exchange process. The ratio of anatase-rutile is adjustable, and the two phases are connected well with each other. WMTHMs are composed of radially aligned nanorods, speeding up the electron transport. The optimum WMTHMs sample shows a specific surface area of 68.05 m2/g and exhibits an excellent light scattering capacity. The cell based on WMTHMs light scattering layer obtained an optimal efficiency of 9.12%. The improvement of cell efficiency is mainly attributed to the high specific surface area, the efficient light scattering, the appropriate ratio of anatase-rutile, the staggered bandgap structure, and the convenient one-dimensional electron transport channel.

Despite their unique structures, tantalizing properties, and potential applications in carbon nanoscience and technology, the synthesis and functionalization of zigzag hydrocarbon nanobelts have remained largely unexplored until recently. Reported herein is the selective transformations of belt[4]arene[4]tropilidenes and their application in the construction of novel belts. The oxidation of belt[4]arene[4]tropilidene with benzeneseleninic anhydride under controlled conditions selectively afforded mono- to tetrakis(α-diketone)-functionalized belt intermediates. A subsequent condensation reaction with 1,2-phenylenediacetonitrile and 1,2-phenylenediamine produced a diversity of unprecedented belts with various macrocyclic cavities.

In the leg-lowering process, the offshore jack-up platform is in a floating state, and the spudcan may collide with the seabed due to the platform motion in waves, thereby threatening the safety and stability of the platform. This paper first analyzed the hydrodynamic response of a jack-up platform under different sea states. Then a finite-element model was established which considered the material and geometrical nonlinearity in the structure and the nonlinear interaction between soil and structure to investigate the collision response between the spudcan and seabed during lowering jack-up legs. The results show that the dynamic response of the platform decreases and gradually tends to be stable as the wave period increases. The motion response of the platform reach the largest value when the wave period is 8 s and the wave direction is 0°. The collision angle between the spudcan and seabed has a large influence on the collision response, while the velocity of leg-lowering has little influence on the collision response. The collision response is also significantly affected by soil conditions. For clay, the increase in undrained shear strength and Young’s modulus will increase the impact force.

The aberrant classical miRNAs are considered to play significant roles in tumor progression. However, it remains unclear for nonclassical miRNAs, a set of Drosha-independent miRNAs in the process of various biology. Here, we reveal that a nonclassical miR-4646-5p plays a pivotal role in gastric cancer (GC) metastasis. MiR-4646-5p, one of Drosha-independent mirtronic miRNA, is aberrant up-regulated in Drosha-low expressed GC and Drosha-knockdown gastric cancer cells. Mirtronic miR-4646-5p is a specific transcription splicing product of intron 3 of the host gene Abhd16awith the aid of SRSF2. The enhanced miR-4646-5p can stabilize HIF1A by targeting PHD3 to positive feedback regulate Abhd16aand miR-4646-5p itself expressions. ABHD16A, as an emerging phosphatidylserine-specific lipase, involves in lipid metabolism leading to lysophosphatidylserines (lyso-PSs) accumulation, which stimulates RhoA and downstream LIMK/cofilin cascade activity through GPR34/Gi subunit, thus causes metastasis of gastric cancer. In addition, miR-4646-5p/PHD3/HIF1A signaling can also up-regulate RhoA expression and synergistically promote gastric cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Our study provides new insights of nonclassical mirtronic miRNA on tumor progress and may serve as a new diagnostic biomarker for gastric cancer. MiR-4646-5p and its host gene Abhd16amediated abnormal lipid metabolism may be a new target for clinical treatment of gastric cancer.

We report herein a strategy to construct enantiopure inherently chiral macrocycles, ABCD-type heteracalix[4]aromatics, through a catalytic enantioselective intramolecular C–N bond forming reaction. A chiral ligand-palladium complex was found to efficiently induce the inherent chirality of molecules during the macrocyclization process with eevalues up to >99%. The resulting ABCD-type heteracalix[4]aromatics displayed excellent and pH-triggered switchable electronic circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence properties.

We report in this communication the synthesis, structure, and application of a novel type of hydrocarbon belts. Starting from inexpensive and easily available resorcin[n]arenes, a closing-all-fjords strategy featuring exhaustive triflation of phenolic hydroxyl groups followed by consecutively the transition-metal-catalyzed vinylation and intramolecular olefin metathesis allowed facile construction of belt[n]arene[n]tropilidenes (n= 4, 6), which adopt double-stranded macrocyclic belt structures with unique truncated cone cavities. Selective hydrogenation reactions of olefin and benzene subunits led to diverse hydrocarbon belts with varied structures. Moreover, the resulting molecular belts acted as synthetic host materials to include selectively small molecules such as nitromethane and p-xylene.

With the development of Internet technology, the problem of information overload has increasingly attracted attention. Nowadays, the recommendation system with excellent performance in information retrieval and filtering would be widely used in the business field. However, most existing recommendation systems are considered a static process, during which recommendations for internet users are often based on pre-trained models. A major disadvantage of these static models is that they are incapable of simulating the interaction process between users and their systems. Moreover, most of these models only consider users’ real-time interests while ignoring their long-term preferences. This paper addresses the abovementioned issues and proposes a new recommendation model, DRR-Max, based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL). In the proposed framework, this paper adopted a state generation module specially designed to obtain users’ long-term and short-term preferences from user profiles and user history score item information. Next, Actor-Critical algorithm is used to simulate the real-time recommendation process.Finally, this paper uses offline and online methods to train the model. In the online mode, the network parameters were dynamically updated to simulate the interaction between the system and users in a real recommendation environment. Experimental results on the two publicly available data sets were used to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed model.

This paper first elucidates the importance of hydraulic heterogeneity of a rock mass on the design of an underground water‐sealed storage cavern. It then introduces an information fusion approach that integrates hydraulic tomography, displacement back analysis, and a stochastic successive linear estimator to map spatially varying hydraulic conductivity (Ks), Young's modulus (E′), cohesion (c′), and internal friction angle (ϕ′). This algorithm yields statistically unbiased estimate of the Ks, E′, c′, and ϕ′fields and their uncertainty due to insufficient samples of their heterogeneity. Afterward, this uncertainty is translated into the probability of failure distribution around the cavern for the risk assessment. Results show that heterogeneity of Ksplays an important role in the deformation and failure of the cavern. They also show that the proposed approach can reveal more detailed parameter distributions than kriging approach, based on a large number of samples of the parameters before excavations. Further, the predicted probability of failure distribution based on the proposed approach can effectively reflect the actual failure locations. This paper elucidates the importance of hydraulic heterogeneity of a rock mass on the design of underground water‐sealed storage cavernsThis paper also proposes fusion approach that integrates HT and displacement back analysis to map spatially varying hydraulic and mechanical propertiesThe approach identifies the high‐risk instability location around the caverns

Cerebral CT angiography had high diagnostic accuracy for detection of small cerebral aneurysms, even for aneurysms with a diameter smaller than 3 mm.

To investigate the antibacterial mechanism of high-mobility group nucleosomal-binding domain 2 (HMGN2) on Escherichia coliK12, focusing on the antibacterial and antibiofilm formation effects. Its chemotactic activity on human neutrophils was also investigated. Human tissue-derived HMGN2 (tHMGN2) was extracted from fresh uterus fiber cystadenoma and purified by HP1100 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Recombinant human HMGN2 (rHMGN2) was generated in E. coliDE3 carrying PET-32ac(+)- HMGN2. Antibacterial activity of HMGN2 was determined using an agarose diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of HMGN2 was determined by the microdilution broth method. Bacterial membrane permeability assay and DNA binding assay were performed. The antibiofilm effect of HMGN2 was investigated using a crystal violet assay and electron microscopy scanning. The activating effect and chemotactic activity of HMGN2 on neutrophils were determined using a nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assay and Transwell chamber cell migration assay, respectively. HMGN2 showed a relatively high potency against Gram-negative bacteria E. coliand the MIC of HMGN2 was 16.25 μg/ml. Elevated bacterial membrane permeability was observed in HMGN2-treated E. coliK12. HMGN2 could also bind the bacterial plasmid and genomic DNA in a dose-dependent manner. The antibiofilm effect of HMGN2 on E. coliK12 was confirmed by crystal violet staining and scanning electron microscopy. However, the activating effects and chemotactic effects of HMGN2 on human neutrophils were not observed. As an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), HMGN2 possessed a good capacity for antibacterial and antibiofilm activities on E. coliK12. This capacity might be associated with disruption of the bacterial membrane and combination of DNA, which might affect the growth and viability of E. coli. 报道高迁移率族蛋白N2(HMGN2)对大肠埃希 菌(Escherichia coli)K12 的抗菌功能, 并对其抗 菌机制进行探讨, 同时检验HMGN2 对中性粒细 胞是否具有趋化活性。 从分子水平上探讨了HMGN2 对大肠埃希菌的抗 菌机制。 用反相高效液相色谱法从人类子宫纤维囊腺瘤中 提取组织细胞的HMGN2 分子(tHMGN2)。诱 导重组表达质粒PET-32a-c(+)-HMGN2 表达重组 蛋白HMGN2(rHMGN2)。用琼脂糖凝胶弥散 法对HMGN2 的抗菌活性进行检测, 并用微量肉 汤稀释法测定HMGN2 的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。 通过膜通透性实验和凝胶阻滞实验检测HMGN2 对细菌菌膜和核酸的作用。通过结晶紫实验和电 镜扫描验证HMGN2 的抗生物被膜形成作用。通 过氮蓝四唑(NBT)法和Transwell 趋化法分别验 证HMGN2 的活化效应和对中性粒细胞的趋化活 性。 我们分离纯化获得了高质量的天然和重组HMGN2 分子, 同时验证了HMGN2 对革兰氏阴性大肠埃 希菌具有较强的抗菌活性, MIC 为16.25 μg/ml。 细菌膜通透性实验发现HMGN2 使大肠埃希菌膜 渗透性明显增大。HMGN2 分子与大肠埃希菌 K12 染色体DNA和质粒DNA的结合均呈浓度依 赖效应。银染和扫描电镜结果显示, HMGN2 与 大肠埃希菌共培养可干扰细菌生物被膜形成, 并 破坏已形成的早期和成熟生物被膜。然而HMGN2 对中性粒细胞没有活化作用和趋化作用。 作为抗菌肽, HMGN2对大肠埃希菌有良好的抗菌 活性。该活性可能通过影响细胞膜的通透性和干 扰细菌DNA转录以及干扰生物被膜而发挥作用。

Large-scale synthesis of monodisperse ultrasmall metal ferrite nanoparticles as well as understanding the correlations between chemical composition and MR signal enhancement is critical for developing next-generation, ultrasensitive T1magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nanoprobes. Herein, taking ultrasmall MnFe2O4nanoparticles (UMFNPs) as a model system, we report a general dynamic simultaneous thermal decomposition (DSTD) strategy for controllable synthesis of monodisperse ultrasmall metal ferrite nanoparticles with sizes smaller than 4 nm. The comparison study revealed that the DSTD using the iron-eruciate paired with a metal-oleate precursor enabled a nucleation-doping process, which is crucial for particle size and distribution control of ultrasmall metal ferrite nanoparticles. The principle of DSTD synthesis has been further confirmed by synthesizing NiFe2O4and CoFe2O4nanoparticles with well-controlled sizes of ∼3 nm. More significantly, the success in DSTD synthesis allows us to tune both MR and biochemical properties of magnetic iron oxide nanoprobes by adjusting their chemical composition. Beneficial from the Mn2+dopant, the synthesized UMFNPs exhibited the highest r1relaxivity (up to 8.43 mM–1s–1) among the ferrite nanoparticles with similar sizes reported so far and demonstrated a multifunctional T1MR nanoprobe for in vivohigh-resolution blood pool and liver-specific MRI simultaneously. Our study provides a general strategy to synthesize ultrasmall multicomponent magnetic nanoparticles, which offers possibilities for the chemical design of a highly sensitive ultrasmall magnetic nanoparticle based T1MRI probe for various clinical diagnosis applications.

Chiral metal nanoclusters have recently been attracting great attention. It is challenging to realize asymmetric catalysis via atomically precise metal nanoclusters. Herein, we report the synthesis and total structure determination of chiral clusters [Au7Ag8(dppf)3(l-/d-proline)6](BF4)2(l-/d-Au7Ag8). Superatomic clusters l-/d-Au7Ag8display intense and mirror-image Cotton effects in their CD spectra. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to understand the correlation between electronic structures and the optical activity of the enantiomeric pair. Surprisingly, the incorporation of proline in a metal nanocluster can significantly promote the catalytic efficiency in asymmetric Aldol reactions. The increase of catalytic activity of Au7Ag8in comparison with organocatalysis by proline is attributed to the cooperative effect of the metal core and prolines, showing the advantages of the integration of metal catalysis and organocatalysis in a metal nanocluster.

The objective of this study was to investigate the spatial relationship between the most likely distribution of saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and the observed pressure head (P) distribution within a hillslope. The cross-correlation analysis method was used to investigate the effects of the variance of lnKs, spatial structure anisotropy of lnKs, and vertical infiltration flux (q) on Pat some selected locations within the hillslope. The cross-correlation analysis shows that, in the unsaturated region with a uniform flux boundary, the dominant correlation between Pand Ksis negative and mainly occurs around the observation location of P. A relatively high Pvalue is located in a relatively low Kszone, while a relatively low Pvalue is located in a relatively high Kszone. Generally speaking, Pis positively correlated with q/Ksat the same location in the unsaturated region. In the saturated region, the spatial distribution of Kscan significantly affect the position and shape of the phreatic surface. We therefore conclude that heterogeneity can cause some parts of the hillslope to be sensitive to external hydraulic stimuli (e.g., rainfall and reservoir level change), and other parts of the hillslope to be insensitive. This is crucial to explaining why slopes with similar geometries would show different responses to the same hydraulic stimuli, which is significant to hillslope stability analysis.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of neoplastic cells with self‐renewal capacity and limitless proliferative potential as well as high invasion and migration capacity. These cells are commonly associated with epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is also critical for tumor metastasis. Recent studies illustrate a direct link between EMT and stemness of cancer cells. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important new players in the regulation of multiple cellular processes in various diseases. To date, the role of lncRNAs in EMT‐associated CSC stemness acquisition and maintenance remains unclear. In this study, we discovered that a set of lncRNAs were dysregulated in Twist‐positive mammosphere cells using lncRNA microarray analysis. Multiple lncRNAs‐associated canonical signaling pathways were identified via bioinformatics analysis. Especially, the Shh‐GLI1 pathway associated lncRNA‐Hh, transcriptionally regulated by Twist, directly targets GAS1 to stimulate the activation of hedgehog signaling (Hh). The activated Hh increases GLI1 expression, and enhances the expression of SOX2 and OCT4 to play a regulatory role in CSC maintenance. Thus, the mammosphere‐formation efficiency (MFE) and the self‐renewal capacity in vitro, and oncogenicity in vivo in Twist‐positive breast cancer cells are elevated. lncRNA‐Hh silence in Twist‐positive breast cells attenuates the activated Shh‐GLI1 signaling and decreases the CSC‐associated SOX and OCT4 levels, thus reduces the MFE and tumorigenesis of transplanted tumor. Our results reveal that lncRNAs function as an important regulator endowing Twist‐induced EMT cells to gain the CSC‐like stemness properties. StemCells2016;34:55–66

Abnormal proliferation is one characteristic of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which play a key role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Oxidative stress (OS) is the root cause of CAFs abnormal proliferation. ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated protein kinase), an important redox sensor, is involved in DNA damage response and cellular homeostasis. Whether and how oxidized ATM regulating CAFs proliferation remains unclear. In this study, we show that there is a high level of oxidized ATM in breast CAFs in the absence of double-strand breaks (DSBs) and that oxidized ATM plays a critical role in CAFs proliferation. The effect of oxidized ATM on CAFs proliferation is mediated by its regulation of cellular redox balance and the activity of the ERK, PI3K-AKT, and Wnt signaling pathways. Treating cells with antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) partially rescues the proliferation defect of the breast CAFs caused by ATM deficiency. Administrating cells with individual or a combination of specific inhibitors of the ERK, PI3K-AKT, and Wnt signaling pathways mimics the effect of ATM deficiency on breast CAF proliferation. This is mainly ascribed to the β-catenin suppression and down-regulation of c-Myc, thus further leading to the decreased cyclinD1, cyclinE, and E2F1 expression and the enhanced p21Cip1level. Our results reveal an important role of oxidized ATM in the regulation of the abnormal proliferation of breast CAFs. Oxidized ATM could serve as a potential target for treating breast cancer.

If reasonable joint is set in the design and construction of concrete structure buildings in advance as required, it can not only avoid or alleviate structural cracking and guarantee the quality of engineering construction, but also be good to improve the structural integrality and durability and lengthen service life of the buildings. This paper states the main types and functions of joints in the design and construction of reinforced concrete structure buildings. Then the major forms of setting joint technology are analyzed and discussed so as to provide references for relevant engineering technicians.

Under the action of same loads, the sizes of deformation and internal force generated in the building structure are related to the inherent stiffness of member or structure itself. In structure design, these two basic concepts of section rigidity and member stiffness play a significant role in stress analysis of member or structure. This article summarizes the application of section rigidity and member stiffness which are often used in structural design by contrasting the definition and calculation of section rigidity with those of member stiffness, which can help the designers to understand the two concept of “rigidity” well and utilize them reasonably in real structure designs, and make the designed structural force conform to relative codes and regulations.

The cost is one of the four major targets for the project management; this paper introduces the construction cost reliability as an indicator to measure the management level of project cost. Through the statistic analysis of historical data, the comparative analysis about the actual cost data and original planned cost for each unit of work in the finished project is conducted to confirm the probability distribution of cost overrun or cost saving and predict the reliability of cost, and this is applied in a real project case.