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Since the 21st century, as the digital economy has flourished and the Fourth Industrial Revolution has deepened, emerging technologies have exerted a significant influence on social development, leading to the rapid informatization and digitalization of society. Therefore, in the digital age, industrial intellectualization and energy intensity may interact. In this study, an industrial intelligent system is constructed considering three aspects, and the relationship is explored between industrial intellectualization and energy intensity from 2006 to 2018 in China. Industrial intellectualization can effectively improve energy efficiency and thus restrain energy intensity with a significant lag effect. In addition, China’s energy intensity is highly spatially autocorrelated and spatially agglomerated. The negative spatial spillover effect of industrial intellectualization on energy intensity is also of concern. Finally, the nonlinear effects of industrial intellectualization on energy intensity are comprehensively analyzed under different levels of economic growth, technological progress, industrial restructuring, educational progress, financial development, and environmental regulation.

High-precision indoor positioning problems have attracted considerable attention recently. The indoor ranging and positioning method based on wireless fidelity (WIFI) round-trip-time has become popular. However, resulting from clock drift (CD), there are two problems that are still not completely resolved and need to be addressed. The first problem is ranging error drift, namely the reset of phase distortion errors (PDEs), while the second problem is the communication state change, namely ranging information loss and restoration. To solve these two problems, this study noticed that the reset of PDEs will only change along with the changes in communication states. Thus, a monitoring-based positioning system (MPS) framework is presented based on the theoretical model of CD as a method to account for ranging error drift and communication state change when estimating position with the IEEE 802.11mc protocol. Then, a state monitoring algorithm (SMA) suitable for the MPS framework is proposed to accurately capture the moment of communication state change. Further, a PDE constraint (PDEC) model is proposed based on the SMA to estimate PDEs in different communication states to reduce the impact of CD on positioning results. The experimental results finally show that considerable improvement in positioning accuracy can be obtained using the SMA and PDEC model compared with that obtained using the semiparametric solution algorithm.

Self-healing elastomers usually show poor mechanical properties and environmental stability, and they cannot self-report mechanical/chemical damage. Herein, an innovative design strategy is reported that combines symmetric/asymmetric chain extenders to create large yet disordered hard domains within polyurethane (PU) elastomers, enabling the integration of mechanical robustness and self-reporting and self-healing capabilities to overcome both mechanical and chemical damage. Specifically, large yet disordered hard domains were created by governing the molar contents of asymmetric fluorescent 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5-aminobenzimidazole (PABZ) and symmetric 4-aminophenyl disulfide (APDS). Such a structural feature led to a small free-volume fraction, prominent strain-induced crystallization (SIC), and high energy of dissipation, enabling the PU elastomer to display outstanding mechanical strength (60.7 MPa) and toughness (177.9 MJ m−3). Meanwhile, the loose stacking of disordered hard domains imposed small restriction on network chains and imparted the network with high relaxation dynamics, leading to high healing efficiency (97.8%). More importantly, the fluorescence intensity was stimulus-responsive and thus the PU elastomer could self-report mechanical/chemical damage and healing processes. The PU elastomer also showed potential application prospects in information encoding and encryption. Furthermore, selecting polydimethylsiloxane as one of the soft segments could effectively endow the PU elastomer with intrinsic hydrophobicity. Therefore, this work provides valuable guidance for designing multi-functional materials with anti-counterfeiting, self-reporting, and healing properties as well as high mechanical properties and hydrophobicity.

The generation of plasma by DBD has the advantages of low environmental requirements, simple operation, wide industrial applications, and the ability to stably generate low-temperature plasma. The high-frequency and high-voltage AC power supply is the main component of the DBD device. To achieve an adjustable frequency of the output voltage of high-frequency and high-voltage power supplies and improve the voltage stability performance of the power supply, this paper proposes a design scheme of a high-voltage and high-frequency AC power supply for DBD based on SG3525A, which introduces the system composition, control strategy, hardware circuit, simulation, and experimental results of the driving power supply in detail. The driving power supply adjusts the output voltage through a PWM signal generation circuit, an RCD absorption buffer circuit, and a power factor correction DC power supply. Under a DBD load with an equivalent capacitance of 48pF, the peak output voltage of the driving power supply is 50 kV, and the output frequency is up to 40 kHz. The experimental results show that the driving power supply meets the driving requirements of high voltage, high frequency, and excellent voltage stabilization performance for DBD.

Optoelectronic logic gates (OELGs) are promising building blocks for next-generation logic circuits and potential applications in light detection and ranging, machine vision and real-time video analysis. On-chip OELGs operating at telecom wavelengths are highly desirable for integration with the growing possibilities offered by silicon-based optoelectronics. However, at present operations are limited to linear logic functions in the ultraviolet or visible range and high-performance OELGs for multiple logic functions are lacking. Here we integrate up to three silicon waveguides with black phosphorus for optoelectronic logic operations at 1.55 μm. We demonstrate linear (AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR) and nonlinear (XOR and XNOR) OELGs by programming optical inputs into the waveguides and reading out electronic signals. The devices exhibit a responsivity as high as 0.35 A W−1and a 3 dB bandwidth of 230 MHz. The combination of a photovoltaic OR gate and a voltage-switchable AND gate enables two-layer composite logic computing in the form (A + B)C. We also demonstrate symbol recognition, edge extraction, image fusion and encryption/decryption performed by these OELGs. This work paves the way for the development of new optoelectronic logic computing circuits.

Atrial fibrillation is a common cardiac arrhythmia, and its incidence increases with age. Currently, numerous deep learning methods have been proposed for AF detection. However, these methods either have complex structures or poor robustness. Given the evidence from recent studies, it is not surprising to observe the limitations in the learning performance of these approaches. This can be attributed to their strictly homogenous conguration, which solely relies on the linear neuron model. The limitations mentioned above have been addressed by operational neural networks (ONNs). These networks employ a heterogeneous network configuration, incorporating neurons equipped with diverse nonlinear operators. Therefore, in this study, to enhance the detection performance while maintaining computational efficiency, a novel model named multi-scale Self-ONNs (MSSelf-ONNs) was proposed to identify AF. The proposed model possesses a significant advantage and superiority over conventional ONNs due to their self-organization capability. Unlike conventional ONNs, MSSelf -ONNs eliminate the need for prior operator search within the operator set library to find the optimal set of operators. This unique characteristic sets MSSelf -ONNs apart and enhances their overall performance. To validate and evaluate the system, we have implemented the experiments on the well-known MIT-BIH atrial fibrillation database. The proposed model yields total accuracies and kappa coefficients of 98% and 0.95, respectively. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed model outperform the state-of-the-art deep CNN in terms of both performance and computational complexity.

Polyacrylamide hydrogels make up a category of widely used oilfield water-plugging agents. However, their poor mechanical properties and insufficient heat resistance severely limit their applications. In this work, a novel strategy for the construction of tough and heat-resistant polyacrylamide hydrogels using vinylated modified polylysine (PLL) as a multifunctional cross-linker (named APLL) is proposed. The multifunctionality of APLL leads to a three-dimensional network of hydrogels containing a uniform network structure that distributes stress and a dynamic cross-linked structure that dissipates energy. Meanwhile, APLL retains the thermal stabilization properties of PLL, and its use as a cross-linking site in the polymer network can effectively improve the heat resistance of hydrogels. As a result, hydrogels exhibit ultrastretchability to 3295%, excellent notch-insensitivity (75% prefabricated notched samples still have a fracture energy of 15,728 J/m2), and good heat resistance (better aging performance than N, N-methylene bis-acrylamide cross-linked hydrogels at 130 °C). In addition, the saline suspension composed of preformed gel particles of APLL cross-linked hydrogels can age at 80 °C for more than 10 days and effectively seal the pores with a sealing rate of 95% in percolation experiments. Such mechanical properties, notch insensitivity, and heat resistance enable the APLL cross-linked hydrogels to serve as a potential temporary water-plugging agent for heterogeneous reservoirs of the oilfield.

Dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) coupled with carbon cycling is increasingly being recognized as an influential process in freshwater wetland soils and sediments. The role of DIR in organic matter (OM) mineralization, however, is still largely unknown in lake sediment environments. In this study, we clarified rates and pathways of OM mineralization in two shallow lakes with seasonal hydrological connectivity and different eutrophic situations. We found that in comparison with the domination of DIR (55%) for OM mineralization in Lake Xiaoxingkai, the contribution of methanogenesis was much higher (68%) in its connected lake (Lake Xingkai). The differences in rates and pathways of sediment OM mineralization between the two lakes were attributed to higher concentrations of carbonate associated iron oxides (Fecarb) in Lake Xiaoxingkai compared to Lake Xingkai (P = 0.002), due to better deposition mixing, more contributions of terrigenous detrital materials, and higher OM content in Lake Xiaoxingkai. Results of structural equation modeling showed that Fecarband total iron content (TFe) regulated 25% of DIR in Lake Xiaoxingkai and 76% in Lake Xingkai, accompanied by a negative effect of TFe on methanogenesis in Lake Xingkai. The relative abundance and diversity of Fe-reducing bacteria were significantly different between the two lakes, and showed a weak effect on sediment OM mineralization. Our findings emphasize the role of iron minerals and geochemical characterizations in regulating rates and pathways of OM mineralization, and deepen the understanding of carbon cycling in lake sediments.

The proposed microgrid provides a new way to explore and makes usage of available solar energy resources. In order to realize the energy management of microgrid, this paper describes a multi-mode coordinated operation control strategy with the main control objective of ensuring the DC bus voltage stability and the mode division depends on the battery charge state and the source-load power state inside the microgrid system. The simulation model is established in PSCAD/EMTDC, and the simulation results verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed coordinated control strategy.

In recent years, various models based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been proposed to solve the cardiac arrhythmia detection problem and achieved saturated accuracy. However, these models are often viewed as “blackbox” and lack of interpretability, which hinders the understanding of cardiologists, and ultimately hinders the clinical use of intelligent terminals. At the same time, most of these approaches are supervised learning and require label data. It is a time-consuming and expensive process to obtain label data. Furthermore, in human visual cortex, the importance of lateral connection is same as feed-forward connection. Until now, CNN based on lateral connection have not been studied thus far. Consequently, in this paper, we combines CNNs, lateral connection and autoencoder (AE) to propose the building blocks of lateral connection convolutional autoencoder neural networks (LCAN) for cardiac arrhythmia detection, which learn representations in an unsupervised manner. Concretely, the LCAN contains a convolution layer, a lateral connection layer, an AE layer, and a pooling layer. The LCAN detects salient wave features through the lateral connection layer. The AE layer and competitive learning is used to update the filters of the convolution network—an unsupervised process that ensures similar weight distribution for all adjacent filters in each convolution layer and realizes the neurons’ semantic arrangement in the LCAN. To evaluate the performances of the proposed model, we have implemented the experiments on the well-known MIT–BIH Arrhythmia Database. The proposed model yields total accuracies and kappa coefficients of 98% and 0.95, respectively. The experiment results show that the LCAN is not only effective, but also a useful tool for arrhythmia detection.

By optimizing the design of the conventional low-voltage current limiting controller (VDCOL), the continuous commutation failure on the receiving end of the traditional LCC-HVDC transmission system is effectively suppressed. In order to overcome low insensitivity of conventional VDCOL under mild and moderate faults, the dc current deviation value is superimposed into the starting voltage of the VDCOL in the form of a compensation voltage to enhance sensitivity of the VDCOL to the dynamic changes of the dc current during mild and moderate faults. In the face of severe faults, the conventional VDCOL adopts a linear adjustment method with a fixed slope, which is bad for suppressing continuous commutation failure. Aiming at this problem, a nonlinear VDCOL strategy is adopted, which the dc current command and the dc voltage are a nonlinear function relationship with a variable slope with the increasing or decreasing of the dc voltage. In the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation platform, the proposed control strategy is verified using the International Council on Large Electric Systems (CIGRE) standard model. Simulation results reveal that the proposed nonlinear VDCOL strategy with improved voltage compensation method can well suppress continuous commutation failures in the case of single-phase and three-phase short-circuit faults, and it is beneficial to restore dc voltage and transmission power and ensure the normal operation of the HVDC transmission system.

Tonic signaling of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), i.e., the spontaneous CAR activation in the absence of tumor antigen stimulation, is considered to be a pivotal event controlling CAR-T efficacy. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the spontaneous CAR signals remains elusive. Here, we unveil that positively charged patches (PCPs) on the surface of the CAR antigen-binding domain mediate CAR clustering and result in CAR tonic signaling. For CARs with high tonic signaling (e.g., GD2.CAR and CSPG4.CAR), reducing PCPs on CARs or boosting ionic strength in the culture medium during ex vivo CAR-T cell expansion minimizes spontaneous CAR activation and alleviates CAR-T cell exhaustion. In contrast, introducing PCPs into the CAR with weak tonic signaling, such as CD19.CAR, results in improved in vivo persistence and superior antitumor function. These results demonstrate that CAR tonic signaling is induced and maintained by PCP-mediated CAR clustering. Notably, the mutations we generated to alter the PCPs maintain the antigen-binding affinity and specificity of the CAR. Therefore, our findings suggest that the rational tuning of PCPs to optimize tonic signaling and in vivo fitness of CAR-T cells is a promising design strategy for the next-generation CAR.

Efficient and robust fringe order recognition is an important topic in 3-D measurement. In this article, a novel dynamic 3-D measurement method based on temporal fringe order recognition is proposed. Using binary defocusing technology, the high-speed measurement system can cyclically project and capture three-step phase-shifting fringe patterns at 120 frames/s, enabling computation of the wrapped phase from three adjacent deformed patterns. Due to the ultra-short interval, the phase relationship between each interval is explored and established by segmenting the connected domain. With coarse and fine recognition, the temporal fringe order at each interval can be accurately recognized along the time axis. The proposed method can achieve a dynamic 3-D reconstruction rate of 120 frames/s while also possessing a similar single-shot feature. Moreover, our temporal fringe order recognition method can realize phase unwrapping without any additional pattern, except for the projection pattern in the first frame reconstruction result. It provides a unique solution to the challenges posed by traditional temporal phase unwrapping (TPU) methods in which additional patterns must be required. High-quality 3-D results of dynamic scenes, including isolated objects in motion, left-right motion with a mask held in hand, rotational motion of a Davidian object, and hand-grasping paper, were presented at a frame rate of 120 frames/s. Experimental results demonstrate its effectiveness and low cumulative effect of spatial and temporal errors.

As one of the leading cases of acute liver failure triggered by excessive Acetaminophen (APAP), breakdown of the antioxidant system, inflammatory response, and inescapable apoptosis following overaccumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play crucial roles in the mechanisms of APAP-induced liver injury (AILI). Therefore, cutting off ROS overproduction at the source is considered promising. Here, manganese Prussian blue nanozymes (MPBZs) with superior antioxidant enzyme-like activity are prepared as an effective strategy for hepatocyte protection, in which MPBZs accumulated in the liver show anti-oxidation properties by scavenging superfluous ROS. Importantly, in addition to alleviating oxidative stress, bioactive MPBZs with abundant variable valence states as a natural antioxidant enzymes mediated the responses of multi-biological signaling pathways in vitroand in vivo, including Nrf2-Keap1, NF-κB, and mitochondrial-induced apoptosis signaling pathways, enhancing tolerance for imminent AILI. Taking nanomedicine, hepatology, and catalytic chemistry into consideration, the revealed superior performance of AILI prevention suggests that MPBZ-based nano-detoxification therapy may offer an effective alternative against AILI.

Earthworms, universal invertebrates in the soil, play an important role in accelerating litter decomposition and recycling elements. Peatlands store 30% of the global soil organic carbon pool but are particularly vulnerable to variations in the water level. As the water level in the peatlands decreased, the abundance of soil fauna increased. However, little is known about the changes in soil properties and bacterial community after earthworms enter peat soil and mediate the relationship between soil bacteria and properties. Peat soil supplemented with plant residues was fed to Metaphireearthworms for 55 and 90 days, and the soil affected by earthworms was collected to sequence the bacterial 16S rRNA genes and determine the soil’s chemical properties. Earthworms significantly decreased the pH and increased the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on day 55, and decreased the DOC, total organic carbon, and polyphenol oxidase activity on day 90. Earthworms also significantly increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides on day 55, which responded positively to carbohydrate degradation. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that earthworms enriched 11 predicted metabolic functions, including carbohydrate degradation. Moreover, earthworms dramatically improved the correlation between soil bacteria and primarily indirectly affected the bacterial diversity by regulating the soil carbon. Earthworms that enter the peatland cause clear losses of soil carbon and changes in the soil bacterial community, which have a profound impact on element recycling by regulating metabolic functions. This study demonstrates the importance of monitoring the soil fauna in degraded peatlands.

Hydrogels have been widely used for in‐depth water control and water plugging in most mature oilfields; however, the poor mechanical properties as well as non‐degradable characteristics severely limit their applications. Herein, a multifunctional macromolecular cross‐linker (GA) based on a natural macromolecule, gelatin, is fabricated and used to prepare polyacrylamide hydrogels. Cross‐linking with GA leads to a special network involving physical entanglements that dissipate energy and topological cross‐links that distribute stress. Therefore, the hydrogels manifest remarkable mechanical strength, toughness and tear‐resistance. At the same time, GA can be readily degraded at high temperature, leading to disintegration of the hydrogels. The flow model in porous media reveals that the hydrogels present a significant ability of water plugging and rapid degradation, where the plugging ratio and degradation ratio reach 99% and 100%, respectively. Such mechanical properties and degradation performance enable the hydrogels to serve as a novel temporary water plugging agent for heterogeneous reservoirs of oilfield.

Boosting the core competitiveness and operational efficiency of enterprises while minimizing costs through strategic R&D investments is crucial for the advancement of wind power companies. This paper examines data from listed wind power enterprises from 2015 to 2023 and develops a detailed multiple linear regression model for comprehensive analysis. Goldwind Science & Technology Co., Ltd. is used as a case study. The paper explores the impact of R&D investment on wind power enterprise performance through empirical and case analyses, revealing several key insights. First, both R&D intensity and per capita R&D investment positively affect wind power enterprise performance, with R&D intensity having a more substantial impact. Second, the case study of Goldwind demonstrates a clear positive correlation between R&D intensity, per capita R&D investment, and corporate performance. Third, the impact mechanism analysis shows that increased R&D investment enhances Goldwind's technological advancements, leading to new products that meet market demand and improve enterprise performance. Based on these findings, the paper proposes policy recommendations, including increasing R&D investment and recruiting more scientific researchers.

In this paper, the dynamic behavior of a tension leg platform (TLP) in different mooring configu-rations with tendon failure was studied. After four different mooring configurations were determined, a fully coupled dynamic analysis program ANSYS/AQWA was used to develop a nonlinear hull-tendon numerical model. An effective method to simulate tendon failure was proposed, and six different failure conditions were identified. Under the regular wave, the influence of mooring configuration on the dynamic response and motion response spectrum of the platform under damaged mooring condition was investigated. The results show that the behavior of the platform in different mooring configurations are almost the same under intact mooring condition. However, under damaged mooring condition, the mooring configuration will cause the performance changes of the platform. In a certain mooring configuration, the dynamic response of the platform changes significantly with tendon failure. Therefore, the influence of tendon failure on the platform motion should be checked in advance to look for an optimal mooring configuration.

· The sintering temperature of Pr 2 (Zr 1− x Ti x) 3 (MoO 4) 9 ceramic was below 900 °C. · Effect of bond characteristics on Pr 2 (Zr 1− x Ti x) 3 (MoO 4) 9 were discussed. · Excellent temperature stability was obtained (−14.1 ∼ −2.6 ppm/ °C). Pr 2 (Zr 1− x Ti x) 3 (MoO 4) 9 (x = 0.1–1.0) ceramics were prepared via a conventional solid-state method, the dependence of crystal structure and bond characteristics on microwave dielectric properties was investigated systemically. The X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the single-phase Pr 2 Zr 3 (MoO 4) 9 structure was formed in all the specimens. As the Ti4+ content increased, the lattice volume gradually decreased, which was ascribed to the fact that the ionic radius of Ti4+ was smaller than that of Zr4+. Notably, outstanding microwave dielectric properties with ε r of 10.73–16.35, Q · f values of 80,696–18,726 GHz and minor τ f values −14.1 – −2.6 ppm/ °C were achieved in Pr 2 (Zr 1− x Ti x) 3 (MoO 4) 9 ceramics. The ε r increased with the rising x values, which was associated with the increase of α / V m values. The decreasing Q · f was affected by the decline of lattice energy of [Zr/TiO 6 ] octahedral. The τ f value was dominated by [Zr/TiO 6 ] octahedral distortion, Mo–O bond energy, bond strength and B-site bond valence. Furthermore, infrared reflection spectra suggested that the properties were mainly caused by the absorption of phonon, and the dielectric loss could be further reduced by optimizing the experimental process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chalcone structures obtained by structural tailoring are an important class of molecular organic nonlinear optics (NLO) crystals that can be used for multiple purposes. In this work, two novel chalcone compound crystals with non-centrosymmetric structures, 6MN3MPP (C21H18O3, Pca21) and 6MN4MPP (C21H18O3, Pn), were designed and grown by extending the π-conjugation and structure-modifying strategy. On this basis, the second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency, thermal stability, transmission spectra, dielectric constant, and photoluminescence properties of the crystal were characterized, and the hyperpolarizability of the crystal was theoretically calculated. The results show that the synthesized crystals exhibit higher crystal transparency (≥70%), higher melting point, and lower dielectric constant (εr≈ 6.5) compared with other reported chalcone NLO crystals. In particular, the SHG intensity of the 6MN3MPP crystal is 4.3 times higher than that of the KDP crystal. All of the results show that the two newly synthesized compounds have good application prospects as NLO crystals.

Reactive iron (Fe) plays an important role in regulating soil organic carbon (SOC) biogeochemical cycles in different ecosystems. However, little is known about the factors which dominate the content of iron-bound organic carbon (OC-Fe) in permafrost wetland soils. In this study, we determined OC-Fe contents in permafrost wetland soils along the Yarlung Tsangbo River (YTR). The relations between the amount of OC-Fe and multiple environmental factors, including soil water content (SWC), element contents (SOC, total iron, manganese, and chromium), and pyrolysis products of SOM, were explored. The concentrations of OC-Fe ranged between 0.01 and 3.61% and it accounted for 11.3 ± 7.7% of the SOC pool. The percentage of organic carbon attached to iron in SOC (fOC-Fe) in subsoils (13.16 ± 1.01%) was significantly higher than that of the topsoils (9.41 ± 0.77%, p< 0.01). Notably, SOC, Fe, and SWC were dominating factors affecting the content of OC-Fe, while the degree of importance of them was different in topsoils and subsoils. It suggested that the increase of SWC could enhance more SOC bounded by per unit iron in subsoils than in topsoils. The fOC-Fewas correlated with different factors in topsoils and subsoils. Aromatic compounds were the most important factor affecting fOC-Fe, and aromatics could be selectively preserved by iron oxides in the soil. The results of this study demonstrate that SWC and molecular factors of SOC may have larger importance in controlling carbon stability than expected previously.

Tungsten disulfide (WS2) is well known to have great potential as an electrocatalyst, but the practical application is hampered by its intrinsic inert plane and semiconductor properties. In this work, owing to a Co-based zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF-67) that effectively inhibited WS2growth, few-layered WS2was confined to the surface of Co, N-doped carbon polyhedron (WS2@Co9S8), with more marginal active sites and higher conductivity, which promoted efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). For the first time, WS2@Co9S8was prepared by mixing in one pot of a liquid phase and calcination, and WS2realized uniform distribution on the polyhedron surface by electrostatic adsorption in the liquid phase. The obtained hybrid catalyst exhibited excellent OER and HER catalytic activity, and the OER potential was only 15 mV at 10 mA cm–2higher than that of noble metal oxide (RuO2). The improvement of catalytic activity can be attributed to the enhanced exposure of sulfur edge sites by WS2, the unique synergistic effect between WS2and Co9S8on the metal–organic framework (MOF) surface, and the effective shortening of the diffusion path by the hollow multi-channel structure. Therefore, the robust catalyst (WS2@Co9S8) prepared by a simple and efficient synthesis method in this work will serve as a highly promising bifunctional catalyst for OER and HER.

Dense microwave dielectric ceramics of Ce2[Zr1−x(Al1/2Ta1/2)x]3(MoO4)9(CZMAT) (x= 0.02–0.10) were prepared by the conventional solid-state route. The effects of (Al1/2Ta1/2)4+on their microstructures, sintering behaviors, and microwave dielectric properties were systematically investigated. On the basis of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results, all the samples were matched well with Pr2Zr3(MoO4)9structures, which belonged to the space group R3¯c. The lattice parameters were obtained using the Rietveld refinement method. The correlations between the chemical bond parameters and microwave dielectric properties were calculated and analyzed by using the Phillips—Van Vechten—Levine (P—V—L) theory. Excellent dielectric properties of Ce2[Zr0.94(Al1/2Ta1/2)0.06]3(MoO4)9with a relative permittivity (εr) of 10.46, quality factor (Q× f) of 83,796 GHz, and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) of −11.50 ppm/°C were achieved at 850 °C.

Because more and more applications need high performance yet large capacity storages, solid state drives (SSD) based on triple level cell (TLC) flash memory have been playing an essential role in the storage systems. Although significantly increasing storage capacity, TLC flash memory severely degrades the raw reliability and thus drastically decreases lifetime. However, after evaluating real flash chips, the researchers have shown that worn-out blocks can be reused in flash lifespan. This paper suggests a novel flash translation layer (FTL) called graceful degradation flash translation layer (GD-FTL) by downgrading worn-out TLC blocks to SLC blocks to extend lifetime and improve performance of SSDs. We further propose to store hot data on SLC-mode blocks and proactively conduct mode transitions to meet predefined service level objects. Four real workloads are used to evaluate the proposed GD-FLT. Experiment results show that GD-FLT can improve the performance and reduce write amplification of solid state drives.

In fringe projection profilometry, the wrapped phase is easily polluted by many factors such as noise, shadow, and so on. In this Letter, we propose an ultrafast bi-staggered spatial phase unwrapping (BSPU) method. By constructing another staggered phase, the fringe order jump (FOJ) and local transient phase error (LTPE) can be accurately and quickly located at the same time owing to a simple difference operation. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a pioneering threshold separation model is established to precisely distinguish FOJ and LTPE. Based on the continuity assumption, LTPE is effectively corrected by introducing the concept of “non-integer fringe order.” The range of measurable discontinuity height is improved owing to the distinction between real phase jump and random error in the spatial phase unwrapping. In addition, it is thousands of times faster than the traditional path-dependent algorithm and even has higher measurement accuracy. Experimental results show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method in various complex measurement environments.

As the main facility for offshore oil and gas development, floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) has received great attention from researchers and engineers. This paper relies on a time-domain analysis code to investigate the effects of mooring line hydrodynamic coefficients and wave parameters on the FPSO motions. In order to verify the reliability of this code, the hydrodynamic software AQWA is used for comparison. Under the irregular wave, it can be found that the results calculated by these two numerical tools are in good agreement. After that, two cases concerning the hydrodynamic coefficients and wave parameters are created. Finally, the sensitivity of the FPSO motions to mooring line hydrodynamic coefficients and wave parameters are discussed. The results show that the mooring line hydrodynamic coefficients and wave parameters have a significant influence on the FPSO dynamic behavior. However, among the results, it can be found that the wave-frequency motions are not affected by the hydrodynamic coefficients of the mooring line due to the turret-moored configuration. In general, they are of great help for the initial design of the FPSO system.

Indium, a low melting point metal, is well-known for constructing eutectic gallium–indium liquid metal. However, unlike liquid metal nanoparticles, the biomedical applications of metallic indium nanoparticles (In NPs) remain in their infancy. Herein, an ultrasound-assisted liquid-reduction synthesis strategy was developed to prepare PEGylated In NPs, which were then used as a high-performance contrast agent for enhancing multiwavelength photoacoustic imaging and second near-infrared (NIR-II) photothermal therapy of the 4T1 breast tumor. The obtained In NPs depicted remarkable optical absorption from the first near-infrared (NIR-I) to NIR-II region and a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 41.3% at 1064 nm, higher than the majority of conventional NIR-II photothermal agents. Upon injection into the tumor, the photoacoustic intensities of the tumor section post-injection were obviously increased by 2.59-, 2.62-, and 4.27-fold of those of pre-injection by using excitation wavelengths of 750, 808, and 970 nm, respectively, depicting an excellent multiwavelength contrast capability of photoacoustic imaging. In addition, efficient ablation of the 4T1 tumor was achieved through the photothermal performance of PEGylated In NPs under NIR-II laser irradiation. Importantly, as the widely used element in the clinic, In NPs were highly biocompatible in vitroand in vivo. Therefore, this work pioneered the biomedical applications of PEGylated In NPs for cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Phase-shifting profilometry (PSP) is a three-dimensional (3D) measurement method of point-to-point calculation. The consistency of object position is the prerequisite to ensure the successful application of PSP in moving objects. The position information of an object can be well characterized by the modulation patterns, and hence a high-quality modulation pattern is the guarantee of pixel-matching accuracy. In this paper, a generic modulation pattern enhancement method for rigid moving objects based on the Hilbert transform is proposed. First, the Hilbert transform is employed to suppress the zero-frequency components of the fringe pattern, and a hybrid digital filter window is applied to filter out the positive fundamental frequency components for a higher signal-to-noise ratio. Then the grid-based motion statistics for fast, ultra-robust feature correspondence algorithm is used to match the high-quality modulation patterns between two adjacent frames, and the object positions in the three deformed patterns are made consistent by image clipping. Finally, the three-step PSP is used to reconstruct the 3D shape of the measured object. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can substantially improve the quality of the modulation pattern, achieve high-precision pixel matching, and ultimately reduce the motion-introduced phase error.

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) differentiate into myelin-producing cells and modulate neuronal activity. Defects in OPC development are associated with neurological diseases. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) contributes to neural development; however, the mechanism by which m6A regulates OPC development remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that PRRC2B is an m6A reader that regulates OPC development and myelination. Nestin-Cre-mediated Prrc2bdeletion affects neural stem cell self-renewal and glial differentiation. Moreover, the oligodendroglia lineage-specific deletion of Prrc2breduces the numbers of OPCs and oligodendrocytes, causing hypomyelination and impaired motor coordination. Integrative methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, RNA sequencing, and RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing analyses identify Sox2as the target of PRRC2B. Notably, PRRC2B, displaying separate and cooperative functions with PRRC2A, stabilizes mRNA by binding to m6A motifs in the coding sequence and 3′ UTR of Sox2. In summary, we identify the posttranscriptional regulation of PRRC2B in OPC development, extending the understanding of PRRC2 family proteins and providing a therapeutic target for myelin-related disorders.

Intestinal commensal microbiota dysbiosis and immune dysfunction are significant exacerbating factors in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To address these problems, Pluronic F‐127‐coated tungsten diselenide (WSe2@F127) nanozymes are developed by simple liquid‐phase exfoliation. The abundant valence transitions of elemental selenium (Se2−/Se4+) and tungsten (W4+/W6+) enable the obtained WSe2@F127 nanozymes to eliminate reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. In addition, the released tungsten ions are capable of inhibiting the proliferation of Escherichia coli. In a model of dextran sodium sulfate‐induced colitis, WSe2@F127 nanozymes modulate the gut microbiota by increasing the abundance of bacteria S24‐7 and significantly reducing the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae. Moreover, WSe2@F127 nanozymes inhibit T‐cell differentiation and improve intestinal immune barrier function in a model of Crohn's disease. The WSe2@F127 nanozymes effectively alleviate IBD by reducing oxidative stress damage, modulating intestinal microbial populations, and remodeling the immune barrier. Orally administered tungsten diselenide nanozymes easily reach the site of colonic inflammation. The tungsten diselenide nanozymes scavenge reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and the released tungsten ions further inhibit the proliferation of Enterobacteriaceae. In addition, the nanozymes inhibit T‐cell differentiation by regulating reactive oxygen species, thus alleviating inflammatory bowel disease.

Objectives:To evaluate the possible risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with partial laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer. Methods:A cross-sectional method was used to carry out this study. Patients who underwent partial laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer completed overnight polygraphy (PG) home sleep tests and quality of life questionnaires. The Medical Outcome Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire was used to investigate the factors influencing HRQoL. Results:A total of 59 patients completed the PG tests and quality of life questionnaires, with 74.6% demonstrating evidence of OSA. There were significant differences in tumor area and neck dissection between OSA group and non-OSA groups. Based on sleep-related parameters, patients were divided into cluster 1 (n = 14) and cluster 2 (n = 45) using principal component analysis combined with K-means clustering. Two clusters had significantly different scores of body pain, general health, and health transition in SF-36 domains. Independent factors associated with general health were identified as tobacco use (OR = 4.716), alcohol use (OR = 3.193), and OSA-related condition (OR = 11.336). Conclusions:Larger tumor area and neck dissection might be associated with an increased risk for developing OSA in patients with partial laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer. OSA partially mediated the effect on physical health, including body pain, general health, and health transition. It is important to be aware of the potential impact of OSA on diminished HRQoL of these patients.

Objectives:Polysomnography was class I test for who was suspected of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) which would cost lots of time and money. This study aimed to develop a nomogram model mainly based on oxygen and blood routine indicators to predict OSA. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 685 patients with suspected OSA at our hospital. Multivariate analysis was used to construct a nomogram. The performance of the nomogram was assessed using calibration and discrimination. Results:The multivariate analysis identified age, gender, body mass index, mean pulse oxygen saturation, percent nighttime with oxygen saturation less than 90%, red blood cell, hematocrit, and red blood cell distribution width SD as significant factors (P< .05). A nomogram was created for the prediction of OSA using these clinical parameters and was internally validated using a bootstrapping method. Our nomogram model showed good discrimination and calibration in terms of predicting OSA, and had a C-index of 0.935 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.917-0.954] according to the internal validation. Discrimination and calibration in the validation group were also good (C-index, 0.957; 95% CI, 0.930-0.984). Conclusion:The newly developed nomogram can effectively help physicians make better clinical decisions, which may save a lot of time and costs.

This paper presents three different wind-wave hybrid systems (HSs) with multiple point-absorption wave energy converters (WECs) integrated onto a floating semi-submersible wind turbine (WT). The focus of the present study is to explore the effects of the second-order wave forces on the dynamic behavior of the platform in the HS, including the platform motion and the mooring line tension, under both operational and extreme sea states. ANSYS/AQWA based on 3D diffraction/radiation potential theory is used to conduct numerical investigation on the second-order hydrodynamics of the HS. To ensure the reliability of the investigation, the validations of the semi-submersible platform and point-absorption WEC are done based on the available experimental data. Additionally, two models, "1st-order" and "1st&2nd-order", are set up for comparative analysis, to highlight the significance of the second-order forces. The simulation results show that the second-order hydrodynamics have a significant influence on the surge and pitch responses of the platform, but almost no effects on the heave response. In addition to this, ignoring the second-order hydrodynamics will significantly underestimate the mooring line tension response. Overall, this study suggests that the second-order hydrodynamics should be considered in the design of wind-wave HSs, in order to ensure their performance and safety, especially under the severe sea states.

We have developed a miniature two-photon microscope equipped with an axial scanning mechanism and a long-working-distance miniature objective to enable multi-plane imaging over a volume of 420?×?420?×?180?µm3at a lateral resolution of ~1?µm. Together with the detachable design that permits long-term recurring imaging, our miniature two-photon microscope can help decipher neuronal mechanisms in freely behaving animals.

Ce2[Zr1−x(Mg1/3Sb2/3)x]3(MoO4)9(0.02 ⩽ x⩽ 0.10) ceramics were prepared by the traditional solid-state method. A single phase, belonging to the space group of R3¯c, was detected by using X-ray diffraction at the sintering temperatures ranging from 700 to 850 °C. The microstructures of samples were examined by applying scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The crystal structure refinement of these samples was investigated in detail by performing the Rietveld refinement method. The intrinsic properties were calculated and explored via far-infrared reflectivity spectroscopy. The correlations between the chemical bond parameters and microwave dielectric properties were calculated and analyzed by Phillips-van Vechten-Levine (P-V-L) theory. Ce2[Zr0.94(Mg1/3Sb2/3)0.06]3(MoO4)9ceramics with excellent dielectric properties were sintered at 725 °C for 6 h (εr= 10.37, Q×f= 71,748 GHz, and τf= −13.6 ppm/°C, εris the dielectric constant, Q×fis the quality factor, and τfis the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency).

Lack of trust has been an ongoing issue for decades in construction quality management, hindering the improvement of quality performance. The development of mutual trust depends on immutable, traceable, and transparent construction quality information records. However, current information technologies cannot meet the requirements. To address the challenge, this study explores a blockchain-based framework for construction quality information management, which extends applications of blockchain in the domain of construction quality management. A consortium blockchain system is designed to support construction quality management in which participants’ information permissions and lifecycle are discussed. Additionally, this study presents in detail the consensus process that aims to address the problem of information fraud. The automated compliance checking based on smart contracts is presented as well, aiming to assure that construction products meet regulation requirements. Finally, an example of the consortium blockchain network is visualized to validate the feasibility of blockchain-based construction quality information management. The research shows that blockchain can facilitate mutual trust in construction quality management by providing distributed, encrypted, and secure information records and supporting automated compliance checking of construction quality.