63,617 results on '"Stuart, A"'
Search Results
2. Shaping the techno-social landscape of corrections: How values, technology, and culture influence the design of correctional service delivery applications
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Knight, Victoria, Ross, Stuart, Wood, Mark, Ross, Stuart, Wood, Mark A, Baird, Ron, and Lundberg, Kajsa
- Abstract
Over the past decade, a variety of digital platforms have emerged to deliver core correctional services. Understanding the challenges and drivers of correctional agencies’ digitalisation helps us to understand the processes that shape these technologies and their impact on correctional environments and practices. To bridge this gap, we conducted interviews with 26 software developers and other stakeholders involved in the digitalisation of corrections, aiming to explore the challenges encountered in designing and implementing digital service delivery technologies for correctional services. Our findings shed light on some key challenges faced by software developers and other stakeholders involved in the design process, including institutional culture, justice system bureaucracy, and public perceptions. These challenges significantly influence design processes and the availability of digital products for end users. They shape the techno-social landscape of correctional agencies and contribute to the dominance or absence of certain digital platforms or artefacts.
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- 2024
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3. Evidence of Decreased Long-term Risk of Cervical Precancer after Negative Primary HPV Screens Compared with Negative Cytology Screens in a Longitudinal Cohort Study.
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Gottschlich, Anna, Quan Hong, Gondara, Lovedeep, Alam, Md S., Cook, Darrel A., Martin, Ruth E., Lee, Marette, Melnikow, Joy, Peacock, Stuart, Proctor, Lily, Stuart, Gavin, Franco, Eduardo L., Krajden, Mel, Smith, Laurie W., and Ogilvie, Gina S.
- Abstract
Background: The growing use of primary human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical cancer screening requires determining appropriate screening intervals to avoid overtreatment of transient disease. This study examined the long-term risk of cervical precancer after HPV screening to inform screening interval recommendations. Methods: This longitudinal cohort study (British Columbia, Canada, 2008 to 2022) recruited women and individuals with a cervix who received 1 to 2 negative HPV screens (HPV1 cohort, N = 5,546; HPV2 cohort, N = 6,624) during a randomized trial and women and individuals with a cervix with 1 to 2 normal cytology results (BCS1 cohort, N = 782,297; BCS2 cohort, N = 673,778) extracted from the provincial screening registry. All participants were followed through the registry for 14 years. Long-term risk of cervical precancer or worse [cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+)] was compared between HPV and cytology cohorts. Results: Cumulative risks of CIN2+ were 3.2/1,000 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.6-4.7] in HPV1 and 2.7/1,000 (95% CI, 1.2-4.2) in HPV2 after 8 years. This was comparable with the risk in the cytology cohorts after 3 years [BCS1: 3.3/1,000 (95% CI, 3.1-3.4); BCS2: 2.5/1,000 (95% CI, 2.4-2.6)]. The cumulative risk of CIN2+ after 10 years was low in the HPV cohorts [HPV1: 4.7/1,000 (95% CI, 2.6-6.7); HPV2: 3.9 (95% CI, 1.1-6.6)]. Conclusions: Risk of CIN2+ 8 years after a negative screen in the HPV cohorts was comparable with risk after 3 years in the cytology cohorts (the benchmark for acceptable risk). Impact: These findings suggest that primary HPV screening intervals could be extended beyond the current 5-year recommendation, potentially reducing barriers to screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Feasibility of Delivering 5-Day Normobaric Hypoxia Breathing in a Hospital Setting.
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Berra, Lorenzo, Medeiros, Kyle J., Marrazzo, Francesco, Patel, Sarvagna, Imber, David, Rezoagli, Emanuele, Yu, Binglan, Sonny, Abraham, Bittner, Edward A., Fisher, Daniel, Chipman, Daniel, Sharma, Rohit, Shah, Hardik, Gray, Brianna E., Harris, N. Stuart, Ichinose, Fumito, and Mootha, Vamsi K.
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Beneficial effects of breathing at F
IO 2 < 0.21 on disease outcomes have been reported in previous preclinical and clinical studies. However, the safety and intra-hospital feasibility of breathing hypoxic gas for 5 d have not been established. In this study, we examined the physiologic effects of breathing a gas mixture with FIO 2 as low as 0.11 in 5 healthy volunteers. METHODS: All 5 subjects completed the study, spending 5 consecutive days in a hypoxic tent, where the ambient oxygen level was lowered in a stepwise manner over 5 d, from FIO 2 of 0.16 on the first day to FIO 2 of 0.11 on the fifth day of the study. All the subjects returned to an environment at room air on the sixth day. The subjects' Sp O2 , heart rate, and breathing frequency were continuously recorded, along with daily blood sampling, neurologic evaluations, transthoracic echocardiography, and mental status assessments. RESULTS: Breathing hypoxia concentration dependently caused profound physiologic changes, including decreased SpO2 and increased heart rate. At FIO 2 of 0.14, the mean SpO2 was 92%; at FIO 2 of 0.13, the mean Sp O2 was 93%; at FIO 2 of 0.12, the mean Sp O2 was 88%; at FIO 2 of 0.11, the mean Sp O2 was 85%; and, finally, at an FIO 2 of 0.21, the mean Sp O2 was 98%. These changes were accompanied by increased erythropoietin levels and reticulocyte counts in blood. All 5 subjects concluded the study with no adverse events. No subjects exhibited signs of mental status changes or pulmonary hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: Results of the current physiologic study suggests that, within a hospital setting, delivering FIO 2 as low as 0.11 is feasible and safe in healthy subjects, and provides the foundation for future studies in which therapeutic effects of hypoxia breathing are tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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5. COVID-19 Vaccination Recommendations for Immunocompromised Patient Populations: Delphi Panel and Consensus Statement Generation in the United States.
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Lai, Kira Zhi Hua, Greenstein, Stuart, Govindasamy, Rajesh, Paranilam, Jaya, Brown, Joseph, and Kimball-Carroll, Samantha
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- 2024
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6. Vonoprazan is Efficacious for Treatment of Heartburn in Non-erosive Reflux Disease: A Randomized Trial.
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Laine, Loren, Spechler, Stuart, Yadlapati, Rena, Schnoll-Sussman, Felice, Smith, Neila, Leifke, Eckhard, Harris, Tom, Hunt, Barbara, Fass, Ronnie, and Katz, Philip
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Potassium-competitive acid blockers have documented efficacy for erosive esophagitis. We performed a randomized trial in United States subjects diagnosed with non-erosive reflux disease of vonoprazan vs placebo for 4 weeks, followed by a 20-week active-treatment extension. Adult subjects with heartburn ≥4 days/week during screening without erosive esophagitis on endoscopy were randomized to placebo, vonoprazan 10 mg, or vonoprazan 20 mg. After 4 weeks, subjects on placebo were re-randomized to vonoprazan 10 mg or 20 mg, and those already on vonoprazan continued at the same dose for 20 weeks. Electronic diaries were completed twice daily. The primary endpoint was percentage of days without daytime or nighttime heartburn (24-hour heartburn-free days). Among 772 randomized subjects, the percentage of 24-hour heartburn-free days was 27.7% for placebo vs 44.8% for vonoprazan 10 mg (least squares mean difference, 17.1%; P <.0001) and 44.4% for vonoprazan 20 mg (least squares mean difference, 16.7%; P <.0001). Differences in percentage of subjects with a 24-hour heartburn-free day for vonoprazan 10 mg vs placebo and vonoprazan 20 mg vs placebo were 8.3% and 11.6% on day 1 and 18.1% and 23.2% on day 2. The mean/median percentages of 24-hour heartburn-free days over the extension period were similar across the 4 study arms: 61%-63%/76%-79%. Vonoprazan reduced heartburn symptoms in subjects diagnosed with non-erosive reflux disease, with the benefit appearing to begin as early as the first day of therapy. Treatment effect persisted after the initial 4-week placebo-controlled period throughout the 20-week extension period. The 2 vonoprazan doses (10 mg and 20 mg) were similar in efficacy. (ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT05195528) [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Nanostructured Fe-Doped Ni3S2 Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction with High Stability at an Industrially-Relevant Current Density.
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Zhu, Jiahui, Chen, Wei, Poli, Stefano, Jiang, Tao, Gerlach, Dominic, Junqueira, João R. C., Stuart, Marc C. A., Kyriakou, Vasileios, Costa Figueiredo, Marta, Rudolf, Petra, Miola, Matteo, Morales, Dulce M., and Pescarmona, Paolo P.
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- 2024
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8. Biorenewable Exfoliation of Electronic-Grade Printable Graphene Using Carboxylated Cellulose Nanocrystals.
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Hui, Janan, You, Haoyang, Van Beek, Anton, Zhang, Jinrui, Elahi, Arash, Downing, Julia R., Chaney, Lindsay E., Lee, DoKyoung, Ainsworth, Elizabeth A., Chaudhuri, Santanu, Dunn, Jennifer B., Chen, Wei, Rowan, Stuart J., and Hersam, Mark C.
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- 2024
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9. Synthesis, Structure, and Redox Properties of Nonsymmetric 6‑Oxoverdazyls.
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Mamveedu Saji, Nagalexmi, Taylor, Madeleine R., Mazzucato, Daniel M., Low, Paul J., Lim, Li Feng, Cox, Nicholas, Chilton, Nicholas F., Moggach, Stephen A., Turner, Gemma F., Giansiracusa, Marcus J., Boskovic, Colette, Ho, Curtis C., Thickett, Stuart C., Stanfield, Melissa K., Bissember, Alex C., and Fuller, Rebecca O.
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- 2024
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10. Characterization of a Charged Biomimetic Lipid Membrane for Unique Antifouling Effects against Clinically Relevant Matrices in Biosensing.
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Stuart, Daniel D., Pike, Caleb D., Malinick, Alexander S., and Cheng, Quan
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- 2024
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11. 3D-ink-extruded titanium scaffolds with porous struts and bioactive supramolecular polymers for orthopedic implants.
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Misiaszek, John P., Sather, Nicholas A., Goodwin, Alyssa M., Brecount, Hogan J., Kurapaty, Steven S., Inglis, Jacqueline E., Hsu, Erin L., Stupp, Samuel I., Stock, Stuart R., and Dunand, David C.
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X-ray computed microtomography ,BIOPOLYMERS ,SUPRAMOLECULAR polymers ,ORTHOPEDIC implants ,BONE growth - Abstract
Porous titanium addresses the longstanding orthopedic challenges of aseptic loosening and stress shielding. This work expands on the evolution of porous Ti with the manufacturing of hierarchically porous, low stiffness, ductile Ti scaffolds via direct-ink write (DIW) extrusion and sintering of inks containing Ti and NaCl particles. Scaffold macrochannels were filled with a subtherapeutic dose of recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) alone or co-delivered within a bioactive supramolecular polymer slurry (SPS) composed of peptide amphiphile nanofibrils and collagen, creating four treatment conditions (Ti struts: microporous vs. fully dense; BMP-2 alone or with SPS). The BMP-2-loaded scaffolds were implanted bilaterally across the L4 and L5 transverse processes in a rat posterolateral lumbar fusion model. In-vivo bone growth in these scaffolds is evaluated with synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography (µCT) to study the effects of strut microporosity and added biological signaling agents on the bone formation response. Optical and scanning electron microscopy confirms the ∼100 µm space-holder micropore size, high-curvature morphology, and pore fenestrations within the struts. Uniaxial compression testing shows that the microporous strut scaffolds have low stiffness and high ductility. A significant promotion in bone formation was observed for groups utilizing the SPS, while no significant differences were found for the scaffolds with the incorporation of micropores. By 2050, the anticipated number of people aged 60 years and older worldwide is anticipated to double to 2.1 billion. This rapid increase in the geriatric population will require a corresponding increase in orthopedic surgeries and more effective materials for longer indwelling times. Titanium alloys have been the gold standard of bone fusion and fixation, but their use has longstanding limitations in bone-implant stiffness mismatch and insufficient osseointegration. We utilize 3D-printing of titanium with NaCl space holders for large- and small-scale porosity and incorporate bioactive supramolecular polymers into the scaffolds to increase bone growth. This work finds no significant change in bone ingrowth via space-holder-induced microporosity but significant increases in bone ingrowth via the bioactive supramolecular polymers in a rat posterolateral fusion model. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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12. Networks of human milk microbiota are associated with host genomics, childhood asthma, and allergic sensitization.
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Fang, Zhi Yi, Stickley, Sara A., Ambalavanan, Amirthagowri, Zhang, Yang, Zacharias, Amanda M., Fehr, Kelsey, Moossavi, Shirin, Petersen, Charisse, Miliku, Kozeta, Mandhane, Piushkumar J., Simons, Elinor, Moraes, Theo J., Sears, Malcolm R., Surette, Michael G., Subbarao, Padmaja, Turvey, Stuart E., Azad, Meghan B., and Duan, Qingling
- Abstract
The human milk microbiota (HMM) is thought to influence the long-term health of offspring. However, its role in asthma and atopy and the impact of host genomics on HMM composition remain unclear. Through the CHILD Cohort Study, we followed 885 pregnant mothers and their offspring from birth to 5 years and determined that HMM was associated with maternal genomics and prevalence of childhood asthma and allergic sensitization (atopy) among human milk-fed infants. Network analysis identified modules of correlated microbes in human milk that were associated with subsequent asthma and atopy in preschool-aged children. Moreover, reduced alpha-diversity and increased Lawsonella abundance in HMM were associated with increased prevalence of childhood atopy. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) identified maternal genetic loci (e.g., ADAMTS8 , NPR1, and COTL1) associated with HMM implicated with asthma and atopy, notably Lawsonella and alpha-diversity. Thus, our study elucidates the role of host genomics on the HMM and its potential impact on childhood asthma and atopy. [Display omitted] • Network clusters of correlated microbes are identified in human milk • Host genomics are associated with human milk microbes and network clusters • Some heritable milk microbes are associated with childhood asthma and atopy • Microbe-associated loci have been linked to human milk traits and gut microbiota Fang et al. report associations between host genomics and human milk microbiota (HMM) among 885 mothers of the CHILD Cohort Study. Exposure to some of these heritable milk microbes may promote or protect the later development of childhood asthma and food/inhalant sensitization among milk-fed infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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13. Motif discovery in hospital ward vital signs observation networks.
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Ironside-Smith, Rupert, Noë, Beryl, Allen, Stuart M., Costello, Shannon, and Turner, Liam D.
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- 2024
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14. Hormones, Hypertrophy, and Hype: An Evidence- Guided Primer on Endogenous Endocrine Influences on Exercise-Induced Muscle Hypertrophy.
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Van Every, Derrick W., D'Souza, Alysha C., and Phillips, Stuart M.
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- 2024
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15. Understanding Deceptive User Interface Designs: How They Unduly Influence Customers' Choices: A Topical Issue of the Zeitschrift für Psychologie.
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Schilling, Thomas, Bošnjak, Michael, Gray, Colin, Barnes, Stuart, and Sergeeva, Anastasia
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- 2024
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16. American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline on the role of endoscopy in the management of chronic pancreatitis: summary and recommendations.
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Sheth, Sunil G., Machicado, Jorge D., Chalhoub, Jean M., Forsmark, Christopher, Zyromski, Nicholas, Thosani, Nirav C., Thiruvengadam, Nikhil R., Ruan, Wenly, Pawa, Swati, Ngamruengphong, Saowanee, Marya, Neil B., Kohli, Divyanshoo R., Fujii-Lau, Larissa L., Forbes, Nauzer, Elhanafi, Sherif E., Desai, Madhav, Cosgrove, Natalie, Coelho-Prabhu, Nayantara, Amateau, Stuart K., and Alipour, Omeed
- Abstract
This clinical practice guideline from the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) provides an evidence-based approach for the role of endoscopy in the management of chronic pancreatitis (CP). This document was developed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. The guideline addresses effectiveness of endoscopic therapies for the management of pain in CP, including celiac plexus block, endoscopic management of pancreatic duct (PD) stones and strictures, and adverse events such as benign biliary strictures (BBSs) and pseudocysts. In patients with painful CP and an obstructed PD, the ASGE suggests surgical evaluation in patients without contraindication to surgery before initiation of endoscopic management. In patients who have contraindications to surgery or who prefer a less-invasive approach, the ASGE suggests an endoscopic approach as the initial treatment over surgery, if complete ductal clearance is likely. When a decision is made to proceed with a celiac plexus block, the ASGE suggests an EUS-guided approach over a percutaneous approach. The ASGE suggests indications for when to consider ERCP alone or with pancreatoscopy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy alone or followed by ERCP for treating obstructing PD stones based on size, location, and radiopacity. For the initial management of PD strictures, the ASGE suggests using a single plastic stent of the largest caliber that is feasible. For symptomatic BBSs caused by CP, the ASGE suggests the use of covered metal stents over multiple plastic stents. For symptomatic pseudocysts, the ASGE suggests endoscopic therapy over surgery. This document clearly outlines the process, analyses, and decision processes used to reach the final recommendations and represents the official ASGE recommendations on the above topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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17. Integrating person‐centered care into dental education: An oral medicine perspective.
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Taylor, Stuart and Truelove, Edmond
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Dental education is moving toward models of education and care that are person‐centered. The purpose of this article is to explore and describe the teaching and patient care model (the attending‐based model) used for the past 50 years in the oral medicine department at one dental education institution. This article briefly discusses how this teaching model promotes person‐centered care and the biopsychosocial model, while highlighting some of the barriers, benefits, and opportunities to wider adoption in dental education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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18. Cost-Effectiveness of the ACR TIRADS Compared to the ATA 2015 Risk Stratification Systems in the Evaluation of Incidental Thyroid Nodules.
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Pang, Emily HT, Carter, Alexander W., Prisman, Eitan, and Kreisman, Stuart H.
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Thyroid nodules are a common incidental imaging finding and prone to overdiagnosis. Several risk stratification systems have been developed to reduce unnecessary work-up, with two of the most utilized including the American Thyroid Association 2015 (ATA2015) and the newer American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) guidelines. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the ATA2015 versus the TIRADS guidelines in the management of incidental thyroid nodules. A cost-utility analysis was conducted using decision tree modeling, evaluating adult patients with incidental thyroid nodules < 4 cm. Model inputs were populated using published literature, observational data, and expert opinion. Single-payer perspective, Canadian dollar currency, five-year time horizon, willingness to pay (WTP) threshold of $50,000, and discount rate of 1.5% per annum were utilized. Scenario, deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. The primary outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) expressed as incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. For the base case scenario, TIRADS dominated the ATA2015 strategy by a slim margin, producing 0.005 more QALYs at $25 less cost. Results were sensitive to the malignancy rate of biopsy and the utilities of a patient with a benign nodule/subclinical malignancy or under surveillance. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that TIRADS was the more cost-effective option 79.7% of the time. The TIRADS guidelines may be the more cost-effective strategy by a small margin compared to ATA2015 in most scenarios when used to risk stratify incidental thyroid nodules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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19. Sustainable careers within greening economies.
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Hopner, Veronica, Carr, Stuart C, and Wloch, Julia
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CAREER development ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,SUSTAINABLE development ,SHARING economy ,SUSTAINABILITY - Abstract
Sustainable Livelihoods are more adaptable than precarious jobs, for career development through Decent Work. An essential element for Career Sustainability is Climate action, that includes Just Transitions from carbon-intensive to carbon-neutral or regenerative work. This paper analyses a municipal transition from coal-mining to a more carbon-neutral, city economy, which has foregrounded just transition for miners, and improved the wider ecosystem. The Polish city of Katowice in Poland illustrates how work and career structures, in this case municipal, can work for people in everyday life and their future careers. The case may also serve as a lighthouse project for future just transitions, as part of sustainable career development, by greening economies and supporting access to decent work for all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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20. Two-year mortality and seizure recurrence following status epilepticus in Auckland, New Zealand: A prospective cohort study.
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Zhang, Tony, Ajamain, Adi Wa'ie Hj, Donnelly, Joseph, Brockington, Alice, Jayabal, Jayaganth, Scott, Shona, Brennan, Mary, Litchfield, Rhonda, Beilharz, Erica, Dalziel, Stuart R, Jones, Peter, Yates, Kim, Thornton, Vanessa, and Bergin, Peter S
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• Two-year all-cause mortality was 50/335 (14.9 %) for all status epilepticus, and 49/267 (18.4 %) when febrile status epilepticus was excluded. • Older age, SE duration ≥30 mins and progressive aetiologies were associated with the highest 2-year mortality, while febrile SE had the lowest. • Two-year seizure recurrence was 197/335 (58.8 %). • A history of epilepsy, non-convulsive status epilepticus with coma, and having both acute and remote causes were associated with higher seizure recurrence at 2 years. To document the 2-year mortality and seizure recurrence rate of a prospective cohort of patients identified with status epilepticus (SE). Patients presenting to any hospital in the Auckland region between April 6 2015, and April 5 2016, with a seizure lasting 10 min or longer were identified. Follow up was at 2 years post index SE episode via telephone calls and detailed review of clinical notes. We identified 367 patients with SE over the course of one year. 335/367 (91.3 %) were successfully followed up at the 2-year mark. Two-year all-cause mortality was 50/335 (14.9 %), and 49/267 (18.4 %) when febrile SE was excluded. Two-year seizure recurrence was 197/335 (58.8 %). On univariate analyses, children (preschoolers 2 to < 5 years and children 5 to < 15 years), Asian ethnicity, SE duration <30 mins and acute (febrile) aetiology were associated with lower mortality, while older age >60 and progressive causes were associated with higher mortality on both univariate and multivariate analyses. Age < 2 years and acute aetiology were associated with lower seizure recurrence, while non convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) with coma and a history of epilepsy were associated with higher seizure recurrence. On multivariate analyses, a history of epilepsy, as well as having both acute and remote causes were associated with higher seizure recurrence. All-cause mortality in both the paediatric and adult populations at 2 years was lower than most previous reports. Older age, SE duration ≥30 mins and progressive aetiologies were associated with the highest 2-year mortality, while febrile SE had the lowest mortality. A history of epilepsy, NCSE with coma, and having both acute and remote causes were associated with higher seizure recurrence at 2 years. Future studies should focus on functional measures of outcome and long-term quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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21. Weighing up the options: experiences in applying decision science from a large-scale conservation program.
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Lee-Kiorgaard, Heather J., Stuart, Stephanie A., Lawson, James R., Bulger, David W., Gallagher, Rachael V., Nipperess, David A., Cornwell, Will K., Boomer, Jessica J., Francis, Roxanne J., and Brazill-Boast, James
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The need to make evidence-based decisions in conservation planning for threatened species in the face of limited resources and knowledge is widely recognised as a growing challenge. Increasingly sophisticated decision-support tools and approaches are available to conservation programs. The ability of conservation planners to effectively implement these tools will be key to incorporating complex information into threatened species management. The development of effective decision science approaches does not end when they are made available to planners. Planner and practitioner input into their use and outputs is an important part of incorporating these tools into on-ground conservation. The New South Wales Saving our Species program is a large-scale conservation program with jurisdiction over more than 1100 threatened species, ecological communities and populations. We discuss why co-design is key to successful implementation of decision science in program-level planning; this approach has supported the Saving our Species program to account for forms of knowledge that may otherwise be ignored by data driven optimisation. This paper focuses on the role of conservation planners in developing and applying decision tools. We present three case studies that deployed tools co-developed for the Saving our Species program. Through these case studies, we suggest that effective conservation planning can be best achieved through (1) narrowing down the number of options under consideration, by eliminating sub-optimal choices (2) supporting decision-makers to understand the relative advantages and disadvantages of the choices under consideration and (3) enhancing the effectiveness of decision-support tools by integrating practitioner expertise into their application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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22. Investigating the Local Bonding Structure of Amorphous Zinc Tin Oxide to Elucidate the Effect of Altering the Intercation Ratio.
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Callaghan, Peter J., Fleischer, Karsten, Caffrey, David, Zhussupbekov, Kuanysh, Ansell, Stuart, Gun'ko, Yurii K., Shvets, Igor V., and Zhussupbekova, Ainur
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- 2024
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23. Virtual addressing reality: Development of a virtual social work program to address health-related social needs.
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Weber, Dana, Eigege, Chinyere, Pearcy, Emily, Neeb, Jessica louise, Staggs, Stuart George, and Jameson, Melissa
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- 2024
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24. Cracking the code: Exploring the inverse relationship between HCCs and hospitalizations in value-based care models.
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Sharma, Gunjan, Indurlal, Puneeth, Andres, Grant, Jameson, Melissa, Altieri, Jason, Staggs, Stuart George, and Wilfong, Lalan S.
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- 2024
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25. Seasonal surges and tumbles: Analyzing part D expenditure fluctuations in the Oncology Care Model.
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Indurlal, Puneeth, Thomas, Hope Ives, Wilfong, Lalan S., and Staggs, Stuart George
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- 2024
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26. Navigating financial risk: Unlocking the power of modeling and risk quantification in episode-based payment models.
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Indurlal, Puneeth, Altieri, Jason, Thomas, Hope Ives, Neeb, Jessica louise, Staggs, Stuart George, and Wilfong, Lalan S.
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- 2024
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27. Closing the referral loop on health-related social needs.
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Osborne, Evan, Staggs, Stuart George, Mills, Lydia, Wilfong, Lalan S., Neeb, Jessica louise, and Weber, Dana
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- 2024
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28. Sleep Disorders.
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Robbins, Rebecca and Quan, Stuart F.
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SLEEP disorders treatment ,CHRONIC disease risk factors ,SLEEP disorder diagnosis ,RISK assessment ,DISEASE management ,SLEEP disorders - Abstract
There are more than 90 recognized sleep disorders, many of which impair sleep and daytime function and adversely impact heath, well-being, and chronic disease risk. Unfortunately, many sleep disorders are undiagnosed or not managed effectively. This review describes how to identify, evaluate, and treat common sleep disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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29. Integrated Safety and Efficacy Analyses of Phase 3 Trials of a Microbiome Therapeutic for Recurrent CDI.
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Kraft, Colleen S., Sims, Matthew, Silverman, Michael, Louie, Thomas J., Feuerstadt, Paul, Huang, Edward S., Khanna, Sahil, Berenson, Charles S., Wang, Elaine E. L., Cohen, Stuart H., Korman, Louis, Lee, Christine, Kelly, Colleen R., Odio, Alberto, Cook, Paul P., Lashner, Bret, Ramesh, Mayur, Kumar, Princy, De, Ananya, and Memisoglu, Asli
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- 2024
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30. REPAIRS Delphi: A UK and Ireland Consensus Statement on the Management of Infected Arterial Pseudoaneurysms Secondary to Groin Injecting Drug Use.
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MacLeod, Caitlin S., Nagy, John, Radley, Andrew, Khan, Faisel, Rae, Nikolas, Wilson, Michael S.J., and Suttie, Stuart A.
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Consensus guidelines on the optimal management of infected arterial pseudoaneurysms secondary to groin injecting drug use are lacking. This pathology is a problem in the UK and globally, yet operative management options remain contentious. This study was designed to establish consensus to promote better management of these patients, drawing on the expert experience of those in a location with a high prevalence of illicit drug use. A three round modified Delphi was undertaken, systematically surveying consultant vascular surgeons in the UK and Ireland using an online platform. Seventy five vascular surgery units were invited to participate, with one consultant providing the unit consensus practice. Round one responses were thematically analysed to generate statements for round two. These statements were evaluated by participants using a five point Likert scale. Consensus was achieved at a threshold of 70% or more agreement or disagreement. Those statements not reaching consensus were assessed and modified for round three. The results of the Delphi process constituted the consensus statement. Round one received 64 (86%) responses, round two 59 (79%) responses, and round three 62 (83%) responses; 73 (97%) of 75 units contributed. Round two comprised 150 statements and round three 24 statements. Ninety one statements achieved consensus agreement and 15 consensus disagreement. The Delphi statements covered sequential management of these patients from diagnosis and imaging, antibiotics and microbiology, surgical approach, wound management, follow up, and additional considerations. Pre-operative imaging achieved consensus agreement (97%), with computed tomography angiography being the modality of choice (97%). Ligation and debridement without arterial reconstruction was the preferred approach at initial surgical intervention (89%). Multidisciplinary management, ensuring holistic care and access to substance use services, also gained consensus agreement. This comprehensive consensus statement provides a strong insight into the standard of care for these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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31. Multisite cross-sectional survey of nurses' perceptions of implementation of a parent-targeted video and recommended pain management, for improving newborn pain treatment.
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Harrison, Denise, Pope, Nicole, Jones, Sophie, Larocque, Catherine, Wilding, Jodi, Campbell-Yeo, Marsha, Gilmore, Lucy, Harrold, JoAnn, Hu, Jiale, Venegas, Carolina Lavin, McArthur, Leanne, Modanloo, Shokoufeh, Nicholls, Stuart G., O'Flaherty, Pat, Premji, Shahirose Sadrudin, Reszel, Jessica, Semenic, Sonia, Squires, Janet E., Stevens, Bonnie, and Taljaard, Monica
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- 2024
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32. Interactions Between Biochar and Nano(Micro)Plastics in the Remediation of Aqueous Media.
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Cairns, Stuart, Meza-Rojas, Diana, Holliman, Peter J., and Robertson, Iain
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Plastic is a material that has become ubiquitous since entering the marketplace in the 1930s and 1940s; as a result, the presence of nano and microplastics (NMPs) are pervasive in natural environments affecting air, soil and water ecosystems. These NMPs are varied in size (categorised as either microplastics at 5 mm–1 µm or nanoplastics at < 1 µm), shape and chemical composition. They represent a potential threat to aquatic life and human health through ingestion and inhalation. The toxicity of NMPs is attributed to chemical additives introduced during production and the absorbance of inorganic and organic chemical contaminants in environmental settings. This review is designed to discuss the use of biochar as a natural adsorbent for the remediation of water contaminated with NMPs. Biochar is a sustainable, affordable material which can remediate water and contribute to ecosystem restoration. Whilst it is well established as a material to sorb organic and inorganic contaminants, its use to remove NMPs is in its infancy and as such this review sets out to outline the mechanisms and modifications of biochar to remove NMPs from aqueous environments. Although removal mechanisms in laboratory settings are becoming clearer this review highlights that remediative studies need to be undertaken in conjunction with the systematic investigation of the effect of key environmental parameters on remediation and the use of environmentally aged NMPs. The future direction of this discipline also needs to incorporate field trials alongside laboratory work to develop a stronger understanding of the viability of biochar to remove NMPs from waterways.Highlights: Biochar is a viable option to treat NMP contaminated water. Essential biochar characteristics: zeta potential, SSA, texture and pore size. Future studies must consider environmental parameters in conjunction with biochar. Needs a blended laboratory and field study approach to study environmental parameters. Studies need to include interaction between biochar and naturally aged plastic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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33. Flash Communication: Ti-Catalyzed "Interrupted" Cascading Hydroamination of 1,6- and 1,7-En-ynes.
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Rynders, Kathryn J., Huh, Daniel N., Stuart, Zoe E., Vang, Zoua Pa, and Tonks, Ian A.
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- 2024
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34. Identification of CDK4/6 Inhibitors as Small Molecule NLRP3 Inflammasome Activators that Facilitate IL-1β Secretion and T Cell Adjuvanticity.
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Weiss, Adam M., Lopez II, Marcos A., Rosenberger, Matthew G., Kim, Jeremiah Y., Shen, Jingjing, Chen, Qing, Ung, Trevor, Ibeh, Udoka M., Knight, Hannah Riley, Rutledge, Nakisha S., Studnitzer, Bradley, Rowan, Stuart J., and Esser-Kahn, Aaron P.
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- 2024
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35. Amplifying Indigenous Australian Voices in the Conservation and Management of Rock Art.
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Griffin, Darren, Douglas, Michael, Harradine, Stuart, Coombs, Janine, Carr, Chrystle, Clarke, John, Briggs, Billy, Guimaraes, Nathalia, Corris, Emily, Bell, Bill, Lovett, Troy, Malseed, Leigh, Goodes, Jake, Luke, Wendy, Lucas, David, Richardson, Charlie, Clarke, Dylan, Marshall, Melissa, Pigram, Lloyd, and Gore-Birch, Cissy
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ROCK art (Archaeology) ,ABORIGINAL Australian art ,CULTURAL landscapes ,INDIGENOUS Australians ,ART & society - Abstract
Copyright of Studies in Conservation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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36. Where is the exit? The ethical importance of exit plans in clinical trials with neural implants.
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Schönweitz, Franziska Britta, Ruess, Anja Kathrin, McLennan, Stuart, Buyx, Alena, and Ienca, Marcello
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As clinical trials involving implantable neural devices (INDs) increase in frequency and attract greater public attention, it is paramount to ensure they are conducted in alignment with fundamental ethical guidelines. Particular focus must be placed on the often underexplored aspect of trial termination for INDs. To systematically review the ethical challenges encountered in clinical trials for INDs at the juncture of trial termination. We conducted a rapid review using PubMed with two specific search queries, including all publications addressing ethical issues in the context of IND clinical trials. Priority was given to publications focusing on the end of treatment or the discontinuation of clinical studies or trials. We identified three primary groups of ethical challenges: patient-centric challenges, challenges faced by the research and physician team, and manufacturer-related issues. Further analysis highlights the importance of initiating early, transparent discussions regarding trial cessation protocols, ensuring that all stakeholders—patients, healthcare providers, researchers, and manufacturers—are equitably considered. Additionally, we found a discrepancy between current discontinuation strategies and international ethical guidelines. To address this, we emphasize the ethical obligation to establish comprehensive exit strategies that align with the principles in the Declaration of Helsinki and the CIOMS/WHO guidelines. Our findings highlight the need for increased attention to the ethical and practical aspects of exit strategies and encourage further empirical research to address gaps in current practices. This would ensure that the discontinuation of IND trials is handled with ethical rigor, prioritizing the interests and well-being of all stakeholders involved. • In clinical trials for implantable neural devices (INDs) there is a gap between ethical guidelines and how trial termination is addressed in current practice. • Ethical challenges at the end of IND trials include patient-related, researcher-related, and manufacturer-related issues. • Exit strategies should align with the Declaration of Helsinki and CIOMS/WHO guidelines to ensure ethical trial practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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37. Navigating the complex landscape of clinical trial transparency: What medical writers need to know.
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Phogat, Pooja and Donald, Stuart
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REGULATORY compliance ,RESEARCH personnel ,CLINICAL trials ,AUTHORS - Abstract
Clinical trial transparency is beneficial for patients, researchers, and the general public. However, rapidly evolving regulatory requirements for transparency have increased the information that will be published. Medical writers can play a key role in driving compliance with applicable regulations. This paper provides an overview of transparency regulations and provides some points for medical writers to consider in this rapidly evolving area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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38. Long-term Outcomes of Partial Meniscectomy for Degenerative Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tears.
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Lamba, Abhinav, Regan, Christina, Levy, Bruce A., Stuart, Michael J., Krych, Aaron J., and Hevesi, Mario
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- 2024
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39. Disparities in Surgical Intervention and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Racial/Ethnic Groups With Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis.
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Massaad, Elie, Mitchell, Taylor S., Duerr, Emmy, Kiapour, Ali, Cha, Thomas D., Coumans, Jean-Valery C., Groff, Michael W., Hershman, Stuart H., Kang, James D., Lipa, Shaina A., Small, Lianne, Tobert, Daniel G., Schoenfeld, Andrew J., Shankar, Ganesh M., Zaidi, Hasan A., Shin, John H., and Williamson, Theresa
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- 2024
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40. Magnetic Resonance Enterography and Intestinal Ultrasound for the Assessment and Monitoring of Crohn's Disease.
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Kumar, Shankar, Kock, Isabelle De, Blad, William, Hare, Richard, Pollok, Richard, and Taylor, Stuart A
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Magnetic resonance enterography [MRE] and intestinal ultrasound [IUS] have developed rapidly in the past few decades, emerging as the primary non-invasive options for both diagnosing and monitoring Crohn's disease [CD]. In this review, we evaluate the pertinent data relating to the use of MRE and IUS in CD. We summarise the key imaging features of CD activity, highlight their increasing role in both the clinical and the research settings, and discuss how these modalities fit within the diagnostic pathway. We discuss how they can be used to assess disease activity and treatment responsiveness, including the emergence of activity scores for standardised reporting. Additionally, we address areas of controversy such as the use of contrast agents, the role of diffusion-weighted imaging, and point-of-care ultrasound. We also highlight exciting new developments, including the applications of artificial intelligence. Finally, we provide suggestions for future research priorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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41. CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC ORANGUTAN RESPIRATORY DISEASE SYNDROME IN THREE ADULT MALE BORNEAN ORANGUTANS (PONGO PYGMAEUS).
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Sulistyo, Fransiska, Lung, Nancy P., Sriningsih, Agnes P., Aronson, Stuart A., and Taylor-Cousar, Jennifer L.
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Orangutan respiratory disease syndrome (ORDS) is a disease unique to orangutans (Pongo sp), characterized by chronic bacterial infection and inflammation of any region or combination of regions of the respiratory tract, including the sinuses, air sacs, cranial bones, airways, and lung parenchyma. Aggressive early intervention during a first episode may prevent progression to chronic disease. However, in the setting of an established chronic disease, intermittent acute exacerbations are associated with worsening symptoms and increased infection and inflammation. ORDS is ultimately fatal due to loss of respiratory function resulting from chronic structural damage. Utilizing potentially lifelong medications to slow the progression of chronic, destructive inflammation in the respiratory tract, chronic treatment is aimed at stabilizing the animals' respiratory function, decreasing the frequency of recurrent exacerbations, and improving their general well-being. Three adult male Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) housed at an orangutan rehabilitation and reintroduction center in Indonesia have long histories of recurrent respiratory disease. Each underwent CT scans confirming ORDS with chronic airway disease prior to initiation of a long-term treatment protocol. Based on data-driven medical management of bronchiectasis in humans, the three orangutans have been treated with long-term combination regimens of oral azithromycin, nebulized salbutamol, and nebulized hypertonic saline. Follow-up CT scans in all three animals at least 1 yr following treatment initiation showed improvements throughout their respiratory tracts. The duration of each exacerbation period decreased, and the orangutans have longer symptom-free periods compared to before the start of treatment. At an average of 5 yr into the long-term treatment protocol, all three orangutans are thriving. Chronic medical management of ORDS modeled after human treatment of bronchiectasis has been efficacious in these three orangutans and encourages further study of this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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42. The management of facial trauma.
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McCormick, Robert Stuart and Putnam, Graham
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Facial or maxillofacial trauma occurs as a consequence of physical injury to the face and can include damage to soft tissue and bony structures either in isolation or combination. There is a male predominance with highest incidence in the age group of 20–40 years. The range of injuries include soft tissue damage, bruising, lacerations, burns and fractures of the underlying facial skeleton including the zygomatic complex, mandible, maxilla, orbit and nasoethmoidal complex. The concentration of special senses in the head and neck region means that even seemingly minor injuries can have a significant impact upon the long-term outcome for a patient. Careful assessment of an injured patient must include a full ATLS evaluation to ensure that associated potentially life-threatening injuries are not missed. This article describes the signs, symptoms and treatment of maxillofacial trauma, including management of hard and soft tissue trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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43. Overcoming disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma outcomes in First Nations Australians: a strategic plan for action.
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Howell, Jessica, Combo, Troy, Binks, Paula, Bragg, Kylie, Bukulatjpi, Sarah, Campbell, Kirsty, Clark, Paul J, Carroll, Melissa, Davies, Jane, de Santis, Teresa, Muller, Kate R, Nguyen, Bella, Olynyk, John K, Shackel, Nicholas, Valery, Patricia C, Wigg, Alan J, George, Jacob, and Roberts, Stuart K
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- 2024
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44. The Impact of an Electronic Best Practice Advisory on Patients' Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Profile.
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McCarthy, Margaret M., Szerencsy, Adam, Fletcher, Jason, Taza-Rocano, Leslie, Weintraub, Howard, Hopkins, Stephanie, Applebaum, Robert, Schwartzbard, Arthur, Mann, Devin, D'Eramo Melkus, Gail, Vorderstrasse, Allison, and Katz, Stuart D.
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CARDIOVASCULAR disease prevention ,PATIENT education ,RISK assessment ,PATIENT compliance ,HUMAN services programs ,EXERCISE ,T-test (Statistics) ,RESEARCH funding ,CLINICAL decision support systems ,PILOT projects ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors ,WEARABLE technology ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,HEALTH surveys ,HEALTH behavior ,ELECTRONIC health records ,HEALTH promotion ,DATA analysis software ,PHYSICAL activity - Abstract
Background: Regular physical activity (PA) is a component of cardiovascular health and is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, only about half of US adults achieved the current PA recommendations. Objective: The study purpose was to implement PA counseling using a clinical decision support tool in a preventive cardiology clinic and to assess changes in CVD risk factors in a sample of patients enrolled over 12 weeks of PA monitoring. Methods: This intervention, piloted for 1 year, had 3 components embedded in the electronic health record: assessment of patients' PA, an electronic prompt for providers to counsel patients reporting low PA, and patient monitoring using a Fitbit. Cardiovascular disease risk factors included PA (self-report and Fitbit), body mass index, blood pressure, lipids, and cardiorespiratory fitness assessed with the 6-minute walk test. Depression and quality of life were also assessed. Paired t tests assessed changes in CVD risk. Results: The sample who enrolled in the remote patient monitoring (n = 59) were primarily female (51%), White adults (76%) with a mean age of 61.13 ± 11.6 years. Self-reported PA significantly improved over 12 weeks ( P = .005), but not Fitbit steps ( P = .07). There was a significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness (469 ± 108 vs 494 ± 132 m, P = .0034), and 23 participants (42%) improved at least 25 m, signifying a clinically meaningful improvement. Only 4 participants were lost to follow-up over 12 weeks of monitoring. Conclusions: Patients may need more frequent reminders to be active after an initial counseling session, perhaps getting automated messages based on their step counts syncing to their electronic health record. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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45. Hybrid Coronary Artery Revascularization Before Liver Transplantation: A Case Report.
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Martinez-Perez, Selene, Davierwala, Piroze, McCluskey, Stuart A., Kalra, Sanjog, Luzzi, Carla, McGilvray, Ian, Kalogeropoulos, Gregory, Bhat, Mamatha, and Neethling, Elmari
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- 2024
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46. The association between participation in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) and postoperative outcomes: A comprehensive analysis of 7,474,298 patients.
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Stuart, Christina M., Henderson, William G., Bronsert, Michael R., Thompson, Katherine P., and Meguid, Robert A.
- Abstract
Prior publications about the association between participation in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program and improved postoperative outcomes have reported mixed results. We aimed to perform a comprehensive analysis of preoperative characteristics and unadjusted and risk-adjusted postoperative complication rates over time in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program dataset. We used the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database, 2005 to 2018, to analyze preoperative patient characteristics and unadjusted and risk-adjusted rates of adverse postoperative outcomes by year. Expected events were calculated using multiple logistic regression, with each complication as the dependent variable and the 28 non-laboratory preoperative American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program variables as the independent variables. Annual observed-to-expected ratios for each outcome were used to risk-adjust outcomes over time. The analytic cohort included 7,474,298 operations across 9 surgical specialties. Both the preoperative patient risk and the unadjusted rate of postoperative complications decreased over time. While the observed-to-expected ratio for mortality remained around 1, the observed-to-expected ratios for the other outcomes decreased over time from 2005 to 2018, except for the following cardiac complications: overall morbidity 1.11 (95% confidence interval: 1.10–1.13) to 0.97 (0.96–0.98); pulmonary 1.18 (1.15–1.21) to 0.91 (0.89–0.92); infection 1.19 (1.16–1.21) to 1.01 (1.00–1.01); urinary tract infection 1.29 (1.23–1.34) to 0.87 (0.86–0.89); venous thromboembolism 1.10 (1.03–1.16) to 0.92 (0.90–0.94) ; cardiac 0.76 (0.70–0.81) to 1.04 (1.01–1.07); renal 1.14 (1.08–1.21) to 0.96 (0.93–0.99); stroke 1.12 (1.00–1.25) to 0.98 (0.94–1.03); and bleeding 1.35 (1.33–1.36) to 0.80 (0.79–0.81). Hospitals participating in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program have experienced a decrease in risk-adjusted postoperative surgical complications over time in all areas except for mortality and cardiac complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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47. The Unique Function and Value of a Certified Rehabilitation Counselor for People With Disabilities and Chronic Illnesses.
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Chiu, Chungyi, Rumrill, Stuart, Ahonle, Zaccheus J., Wertheimer, Jeffrey, Henderson, Kristina, and Dillahunt-Aspillaga, Christina
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- 2024
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48. A school-wide digital programme has context specific impacts on self-regulation but not social skills
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McNaughton, Stuart, Rosedale, Naomi Alexandra, Zhu, Tong, Teng, Lin Sophie, Jesson, Rebecca, Oldehaver, Jacinta, Hoda, Rashina, and Williamson, Rachel
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It is assumed that digital tools with ubiquitous classroom use have affordances for student agency and a range of social skills. However, few studies have explored the generalised impact of everyday digital classrooms on self-regulation and empathy, perspective taking and prosocial skills. Ten and 11 year old students’ (n= 115) ratings of self-regulation, social skills and personality were examined in relationship to school-wide practices and instructional foci in two groups of schools (n= 9) involved in a digital innovation serving low-SES culturally diverse communities. In an early adopting group, students had received a high dosage of three or 4 years of 1:1 digital pedagogy, and in a later adopting group of schools, students had received a low dosage of only 6 months.This natural experiment revealed a context specific effect where high dosage students rated their regulation in digital contexts higher, but not in more general non-digital contexts. However, personality scores particularly those related to self-regulation, were higher for the high dosage students. There were no differences in social skills. The differences were related to the strong focus in the digital innovation on aspects of self-regulation. There was less focus on social skills in the digital innovation. More deliberate teacher augmentation and instructional designs for social skills may be required to capitalise on the affordances of digital tools. School-wide practices, while necessary may not be sufficient to enable the generalisation of skills without this deliberate teacher focus.
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- 2024
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49. Use of Motivational Interviewing by Advocates in the Context of an Elder Abuse Response Intervention: The RISE Project
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MacNeil, Andie, Connolly, Marie-Therese, Salvo, Erin, Kimball, Patricia F., Rogers, Geoff, Lewis, Stuart, and Burnes, David
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Purpose : Despite the increasing number of elder abuse and self-neglect (EASN) cases, many older adults are reluctant to engage with formal support services, such as Adult Protective Services (APS). This study examined the use of motivational interviewing (MI) by advocates, as a component of a larger EASN intervention, RISE (Repair Harm, Inspire Change, Support Connection, Empower Choice), implemented in partnership with APS. Advocates applied MI as part of RISE to help clients explore and resolve ambivalence around pursuing change and ultimately enhance service engagement. Methods: This study conducted qualitative interviews and a focus group with all RISE advocates (n= 4) to understand how MI is applied in the context of an EASN intervention with older adult clients. A descriptive phenomenological approach involving two independent assessors was used to code verbatim transcripts into themes. Results: Three domains were identified: (1) therapeutic relationship, which describes the importance of foundational relationship building in MI to support older adults who have experienced EASN; (2) techniques, which refers to MI strategies advocates apply and adapt in the context of EASN intervention; and (3) implementation challenges, which reflects the difficulties advocates encounter when using MI in cases of EASN. Conclusions: The experiences of advocates suggest MI is a beneficial and amenable approach to help older adults who have experienced EASN navigate issues of ambivalence and explore their motivation for change. This study represents the first in-depth exploration of MI in the context of EASN intervention.
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- 2024
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50. Optimal timing of anticoagulation after acute ischaemic stroke with atrial fibrillation (OPTIMAS): a multicentre, blinded-endpoint, phase 4, randomised controlled trial
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Werring, David J, Dehbi, Hakim-Moulay, Ahmed, Norin, Arram, Liz, Best, Jonathan G, Balogun, Maryam, Bennett, Kate, Bordea, Ekaterina, Caverly, Emilia, Chau, Marisa, Cohen, Hannah, Cullen, Mairead, Doré, Caroline J, Engelter, Stefan T, Fenner, Robert, Ford, Gary A, Gill, Aneet, Hunter, Rachael, James, Martin, Jayanthi, Archana, Lip, Gregory Y H, Massingham, Sue, Murray, Macey L, Mazurczak, Iwona, Nash, Philip S, Ndoutoumou, Amalia, Norrving, Bo, Sims, Hannah, Sprigg, Nikola, Vanniyasingam, Tishok, Freemantle, Nick, Jelley, Benjamin, Hughes, Tom, Evans, Mim, Esteban, Diego Garcia, Knibbs, Lucy, Broad, Lauren, Price, Rebecca, Griebel, Liz Hamer, Hewson, Sian, Thavanesan, Kamy, Mallon, Louise, Smith, Anna, White, Miranda, Zhang, Liqun, Clarke, Brian, Abousleiman, Youssif, Binnie, Lauren, Sim, Cai Hua, Castanheira, Margarida, Humphries, Fiona, Obarey, Sabaa, Feerick, Shez, Lee, Yee Chin, Lewis, Alex, Muhammad, Riham, Francia, Nina, Atang, Ndifreke, Banaras, Azra, Marinescu, Marilena, Ferdinand, Philip, Varquez, Resti, Ponce, Ida, Saxena, Surabhi, O'Brien, Eoin, Reyes, Juliana Delos, Mitchell-Douglas, Jennifer, Francis, Jobbin, Banerjee, Soma, Dave, Vaishali, Mashate, Sheila, Patel, Tulsi, Sekaran, Lakshmanan, Murad, Wahid, Asaipillai, Asokanathan, Sakthivel, Sethuraman, Tate, Margaret, Angus, Jane, Reid, Lisa, Fornolles, Caroline, Sundayi, Saul, Poolon, Lincy, Justin, Francis, Hunte, Sophy, Bhandari, Mohit, Kho, Jules, Cvoro, Vera, Parakramawansha, Ruwan, Couser, Mandy, Hughes, Hannah, Naqvi, Aaizza, Harkness, Kirsty, Richards, Emma, Howe, Jo, Kamara, Chris, Gardner, Jon, Bains, Harjit, Teal, Rachel, Joseph, Jeethu, Benjamin, Jithen, Al-Hussayni, Samer, Thomas, George, Robinson, Faye, Dixon, Lynn, Krishnan, Manju, Slade, Peter, Anjum, Tal, Storton, Sharon, Adie, Katja, Northcott, Keren, Morgan, Katie, Williams, Emilie, Chanashekar, Harinath, Maguire, Holly, Gabriel, Claire, Maren, Deborah, David, Hannah, Clarke, Sheron, Nagaratnam, Kiruba, Nelatur, Varun, Mannava, Neelima, Blasco, Lara, Devine, Joseph, Bathula, Rajaram, Gopi, Parvathy, Mehta, Niharika, Sreedevi Raj, Sreena, Teo, James, Sztriha, Laszio, Mah, Yee, Ankolekar, Sandeep, Sari, Beatrix, Tibajai, Maria, Morgan, Alicia, Recaman, Maria, Bayhonan, Samantha, Belo, Caroline, Finch, Sharon, Keenan, Samantha, Bowring, Angie, Shetty, Ashit, Chan, Siang, Gray, Lucy, Harrison, Thomas, Spooner, Oliver, Kinsella-Perks, Edward, Erumere, Esther, Sanders, Brittany, Sims, Don, Willmot, Mark, Littleton, Edward, Spruce, Elaine, Moody, Lisa, Sheriden, Christopher, Luxmore-Brown, Scott, Neal, Aoife, Beddows, Sophie, Tuna, Maria Assuncao, Misra, Amulya, Penn, Ruth, Mariampillai, Sonia, Anwar, Ijaz, Annamalai, Arunkumar, Whitehouse, Sarah, Shepherd, Lorna, Siddle, Elaine, Chatterjee, Kausik, Leason, Sandra, Davies, Angela, Marigold, Richard James, Frank, Sarah, Baird, Alix, Hannam-Penfold, Tomas, Inacio, Liliana, Smith, Simon, Eveson, David, Musarrat, Kashif, Khan, Shagufta, Harris, Tracy, Chowdhury, Muhibbur, Alam, Sajid, Jamieson, Elena, Anyankpele, Ebitare, Al Shalchi, Farah, Rivers, Vanessa, Bell, Stephanie, Francis, Rebecca, Beeby, Deborah, Finch, Jenny, Macleod, Mary Joan, Guzman-Gutierrez, German, Carter, Karla, Irvine, Janice, Gbadamoshi, Lukuman, Costa, Telma, Heirons, Sarah, Stoney, Hayley, Shaw, Louise, Choulerton, James, Catibog, Darwin, Sattar, Naweed, Myint, Min, Smith, Andy, Serac, Kwin, Emsley, Hedley, Sultan, Sulaiman, Gregary, Bindu, Brown, Allan, Mahmood, Afzal, Chattha, Navraj, Old, William, Pegg, Claire, Davey, Miriam, Page, Michelle, Sandhu, Banher, Phiri, Emily, Rashed, Khalid, Wilson, Elisabeth, Hindley, Esther, Board, Sarah, Antony, Sherly, Tanate, Alfonso, Davis, Michelle, Holland, Beth, Slater, Victoria, Fawcett, Michelle, England, Tim, Scott, James, Beavan, Jessica, Hedstrom, Amanda, Karunatilake, Dumin, Gillmain, Kimberley, Singh, Nishy, Hallows, Tracy, Barber, Mark, Yates, Luke, Micallef, Clayton, Esson, Derek, Meng Yu, Wai, Ming New, Benjamin Jaa, Matos, Alexandre, Burt, Clare, Cabrelli, Louise, Wilkie, Gillian, Meegada, Madana, Kirthivasan, Ramanathan, Fox, Caroline, Mead, Victoria, Lyle, Amanda, Saksena, Rajesh, Bakshi, Aashima, O'Kelly, Alison, Rehan, Jahanzeb, Ebueka, Osaretin, Cooper, Martin, Wynter, Inez, Smith, Susan, Kumar, Senthil, O'Brien, Linda, Parker, Cerrys, Parker, Emma, Khan, Numan, Patterson, Christopher, Maguire, Stuart, Quinn, Outi, Bellfield, Ruth, Behnam, Yousif, Costa, Janet, Padilla-Harris, Cheryl, Moram, Louise, Raza, Syed Abid, Tench, Helen, Sims, Tanya, McGuinness, Heather, Loosley, Ronda, Wolf-Roberts, Rebecca, Buddha, Sandeep, Salt, Irmak, Lewis, Kerry, Mavinamne, Sunanda, Ditchfield, Coleen, Dealing, Sharon, Shah, Alexander, Crossingham, Ginette, Mwadeyi, Memory, Kenton, Anthony, Omoregie, Faith, Abubakar, Saidu, Warwick, Allison, Hector, Gemma, Hassan, Ahamad, Veraque, Emelda, Farman, Michelle, Makawa, Linetty, Byrne, Anthony, Kirkham, Jackie, Blayney, Gareth, Selwyn, Jey, Kakar, Puneet, Al Khaddour, Mohammed, Dhami, Reena, Baker, Emelda, Esisi, Bernard, Clarkson, Emma, Fellowes, Dominic, Kresmir, Jergovic, Guyler, Paul, Ngo, David, Wijenayake, Indunil, Tysoe, Sharon, Galliford, Joanne, Harman, Paula, Garside, Mark, Badanahatti, Madhava, Smith, Anna, Riddell, Victoria, Gramizadeh, Gita, Dutta, Dipankar, Bajoriene, Milda, Erdogan, Hulya, Ward, Deborah, Doubal, Fergus, Samarasekera, Neshika, Risbridger, Sarah, MacRaild, Allan, Azim, Abul, Wood, Lisa, Tampset, Ruth, Shekhar, Raj, Rai, Umesh, Fuller, Tracy, Joshy, Aricsa, Nadar, Evelyn, Kini, Manohar, Ahmad, Syed, Robinson, Matthew, King, Lucia, Srinivasan, Venkatesan, Karwacka-Cichomska, Magdalena, Moore, Vicki, Smith, Kate, Kariyadil, Bincy, Kong, Kelvin, Hubbard, Kelly, Arif, Sarwat, Hasan, Muhammad, Temple, Natalie, Arcoria, Daniele, Horne, Zoey, Soe, Thandar, Wyllie, Hilary, Hacon, Christian, Sutherland, Helen, Menezes, Brian, Johnson, Venetia, Smyth, Nigel, Mehdi, Zehra, Tone, Ela, Bradley, Arian, Levell, Emma, Ekkert, 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- Abstract
The optimal timing of anticoagulation for patients with acute ischaemic stoke with atrial fibrillation is uncertain. We investigated the efficacy and safety of early compared with delayed initiation of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with acute ischaemic stroke associated with atrial fibrillation.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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