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In the semiconductor industry, where miniaturization is a key driver, mechanical properties of ultra-thin dies are increasingly important research topics. Sub-surface damage (SSD) is a common issue in wafer thinning processes, but there is a lack of research on the relationship between SSD microstructure and ultra-thin die strength. In this study, the influence of SSD microstructure on flexural strength was investigated through three-point bending tests of ultra-thin dies prepared by distinct wafer-thinning methods, coupled with SSD microstructure characterization. Flexural strength was highest for dies dry polished with N pad, intermediate for dies dry polished with M pad, and lowest for dies with fine grinding. We researched SSD microstructure by high-resolution transmitted electron microscope (HRTEM), revealing that it comprises amorphous regions, micro-cracks, and high-density distortion areas. The SSD of the fine grinding samples was thick and intermittent, with observable micro-cracks. Comparatively, the SSD structure from M pad polishing was uniform but thicker, whereas SSD from N pad polishing was thinner but exhibited greater variability. SSD thickness not only influences the average value but also dictates the distribution of flexural strength. This research enhances the understanding of SSD microstructure's impact on ultra-thin die flexural strength, providing valuable insights for optimizing wafer thinning processes to enhance die reliability.

Traditional processing methods have been used to relieve toxicity and enhance a calming effect of Polygalae Radix(PR). However, up to now, there is no comprehensive study on the changes of saponins, aromatic acids, and so on (from relatively big molecules to small molecules). Here, a novel processing-omics (PO) strategy was reported. It cleverly integrated the non-targeted and targeted chemomics technology, and the simulated processing method of compounds for mining original markers, to rapidly and comprehensively evaluate mechanisms of chemical transformation among PR, PR with refined honey (HP), and PR with licorice(LP). In this strategy, the advanced ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight data-independent mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MSE) and HPLC platform were employed to study and collect chemical composition data of PR processing. And the combination of QI and UNIFITMsoftware was designed to analyze relatively big molecules for PR, HP and LP sequentially, avoiding a waste of time for the identification of extra non-markers. A total of 57 relatively big markers were identified. Six small aromatic acids were quantified by targeted chemomics, as critical markers. Importantly, the hydrolysis mechanisms of saponins, isomerization of xanthones and glycolipids, and intact mechanisms of transformation, were reported by a combination of above chemomics and the simulated processing method. This study provided a rapid and comprehensive guidance to further study on processing procedures, chemical mechanisms, and construction of quality standards.

The impact of parents’ resilience on the condition of children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) is still unknown. In this cross-sectional study, the mental resilience was investigated by CD-RISC in 146 parents between April 2016 and January 2017. The average resilience was 56.37 ± 11.62 and negatively correlated with children’s 24-hour urinary protein, serum creatinine, and recurrent frequency (P< 0.001). Furthermore, the higher the parents’ resilience, the lower the incidence of edema (P< 0.001), nephritis/nephrotic syndrome (P = 0.002), and renal insufficiency (P = 0.001) in children. In conclusion, parents’ resilience level is generally low and has an adverse impact on the condition of HSPN children.

This article presents a double closed loop control system for three-phase voltage sourcePWM rectifier based on a real-time workshop(RTW), introduces the debugging method of 64-bitRTW platform. Then the simulation model is converted into the real-time code, and downloaded tothe platform controlled of DSP TMS320F2812 to verify the feasibility. The experimental resultsagrees the simulation results. This method greatly reduces the project development cycle and cost.

Accessing electric vehicle (EV) into micro-grid (MG) by battery-swapping station (BSS) will not only reduce the negative impact brought by EVs which are directly accessed into MG, but also improve the capacity of MG to absorb more renewable energy. That BSS is regarded as schedulable load is guided to avoid peak and fill valley according to TOU. As a result, the gap between peak and valley of MG is decreased and the operation efficiency of MG is elevated. A specific MG is taken as the studying object and the minimum operating cost is regarded as the optimizing goal, then the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the outputting of each micro-source and the charging power of BSS so that the optimal operation is realized.

Abstract– A high performance control system for cascaded H-bridge converter is designed and implemented in this paper. The system adopts distributed control to meet the needs of multi-link control and scalability of the Cascaded H-bridge converter. FPGA and CPLD are used as the core controllers: FPGA works as main processor and CPLD works as the execution unit (EU). Different numbers of EUs are added into the system according to different voltage level of the converter system. Optical fiber connections between the EU and FPGA control units ensure its reliability. Finally, several different Voltage level products are presented in this paper. 22kV GTSDC product was established and the device is operating normally in the field to verify the feasibility and reliability of this scheme.

Deep hole processing system resonance test devices can accurately and quickly find the whole system resonance frequency, for use of negative pressure device system to processing components provided a convenient, makes the precision of parts is further improved.

The purpose of this randomized controlled study was to assess the effects of a structured pain education program on the pain experience of hospitalized cancer patients. Eligible cancer pain patients were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (receiving pain education 10–15 min per day for 5 days, n=15) or a standard care control group ( n=15). The effects of the intervention on six pain-related variables were evaluated using three instruments. Pain intensity, pain interference with daily life, negative beliefs about opioids, beliefs about endurance of pain, pain catastrophizing (an individual’s tendency to focus on and exaggerate the threat value of painful stimuli and negatively evaluate his or her own ability to deal with pain), and sense of control over pain were evaluated by the Brief Pain Inventory—Short Form Taiwanese version (BPI-T), Pain and Opioid Analgesic Beliefs Scale—Cancer (POABS-CA), and the Catastrophizing subscale and the sense of control over pain measure from the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ). The results indicated that, after completing treatment, patients who had received structured pain education had significantly less pain intensity on average, negative pain beliefs regarding opioids, pain endurance beliefs, and pain catastrophizing than patients in the control group. In addition, patients in the pain education group showed a significant increase in their sense of control over pain. These preliminary results strongly suggest that structured pain education can effectively improve the pain experience of hospitalized cancer patients and should be further implemented clinically.

Two kinds of -particle d-dimensional Schmidt-form entangled state teleportation protocols are presented. In the first protocol, the teleportation is achieved by -dimensional Bell-basis measurements, while in the second protocol it is realized by -dimensional GHZ-basis measurement.

Abstract: This paper propounds that the origin and evolution of the Southwest Basin (SWB) in the South China Sea (SCS) are closely related with those of the SCS, reviews various viewpoints on its origin age with a large gap between the oldest age and the youngest age, offers some suggestions on the SWB’s origin age and gives some proposals to ascertain satisfactorily the origin and evolution, and multi-phasal and multiaxial spreading of the SCS and SWB.

Abstract: Nearshore sea levels in the East China Sea (ECS) and the South China Sea (SCS) during tropical cyclones—Typhoon 8007 (Joe, 1980) and Typhoon 7209 (Betty, 1972) were simulated. The tide-surge interactions in the two regions are remarkable and locally produced. The corresponding nonlinear effects were derived from the different nonlienar terms. The contribution of the quadratic friction term is the most important, the shallow term comes second the convective term is the least; the phases of the interactions generated by the various nonlinear terms are asynchronous. Both the quadratic friction and the convective term can stimulate and aggravate the surge structure with more peaks. The bottom friction features have crucial influences on tides and surges, and the interaction is sensitive to the changes of tide and surge.

In this paper the notion of embedding for family of quasi metric spaces in Menger spaces is introduced and its properties are investigated. A common fixed point theorem for sequence of continuous mappings in Menger spaces is proved. These mappings are assumed to satisfy some generalizations of the contraction condition. The proving technique herein seems to be new even for mappings in Menger spaces.

The effect of ketanserin at 5 mg, 10 mg and 20 mg twice daily for 3 months was studied in Chinese patients with hypertension. Both 10 mg and 20 mg doses twice daily effectively reduced systolic and diastolic pressures, while 5 mg twice daily was not effective. The 20 mg regimen was more effective than 10 mg in reducing diastolic, but not systolic pressures. Blood pressure reduction was progressive up to 1 month of treatment but not thereafter. Neither first-dose hypotension nor postural hypotension were seen. There were no effects on body weight or heart rate. A nominally significant 6 msec increase in QTc was seen with 10 mg, but not with 5 or 20 mg twice daily; this could be a chance finding. The side-effect burden was light, and decreased with time.

Summary: In right atrial trabeculae from humans and in left atria from rat and guinea-pig hearts, the protective effects of mioflazine, lidoflazine, and verapamil against the accumulation of cellular calcium were investigated. Two consecutive, cumulative increases in the extracellular calcium concentration, [Ca2+]0 (1–25 mmol/l), were induced, in between which the muscles were exposed for at least 30 minutes to solvent or drug. When using solvent in the 30-minute interval, the force of contraction was much lower during the second Ca2+ challenge, while the aftercontractions and the increase in passive tension at high [Ca2+]0 tended to be larger. These signs of functional impairment were prevented by exposure to mioflazine or lidoflazine (3μmol/l each) but not to verapamil (3 μmol/l). Muscles were fixed with glutaraldehyde at the end of the second Ca2+ challenge for morphological and cytochemical examination. After solvent treatment, more than half of the cells were severely damaged, showing cellular edema, contraction-band necrosis, mitochondrial swelling, and nuclear pyknosis; the sarcolemma was devoid of calcium deposits, damaged mitochondria contained either large deposits of calcium or flocculent densities, and in some cells, the cytoplasm was filled with calcium deposits. Following exposure to mioflazine and lidoflazine, but not to verapamil, the number of intact cells after the second Ca2+ challenge was not different from time-matched controls (80–90%). Furthermore, the shifts in cellular calcium distribution were prevented with mioflazine and lidoflazine, whereas verapamil was less effective. There were no species differences with respect to either morphological or contractile changes. In conclusion, exposure of atria to high [Ca2+]0 induced similar ultrastructural and cytochemical changes as seen after ischemia-reperfusion induced damage. Indeed, under the mentioned conditions the sarcolemma lost its capacity to exclude Ca2+ after a challenge with high [Ca2+]0 and allowed excessive Ca2+ entry. The pathway for this extra Ca2+ remains to be elucidated. L-type calcium channels are probably no involved, since verapamil cannot prevent the Ca2+ overload.

Depression in older population is more common now. Due to increasing numbers of older patients in hospitals, nurses have more opportunities to care for these patients. Therefore, nurses should have correct knowledge of late-life depression and more favorable attitudes about depression. The study aimed to understand hospital nurses’ knowledge level of late-life depression and attitudes about depression. A cross-sectional research design was used. A convenience sample of 307 nurses from 3 hospitals in Taiwan was recruited. Nurses scored 55.15% in the Late-Life Depression Quiz. The average score of the Revised Depression Attitude Questionnaire was 71.76 (SD = 6.13). The study also found that hospital nurses had more favorable attitudes about depression when their late-life depression knowledge was higher; their interest level in providing care for older patients with depression was greater; they had ever taken care of older patients with depressive symptoms or depression; they had never received in-service training on depression in the past year; and they had ever attended lectures about depression in school. Hospital nurses’ knowledge about late-life depression was limited, and they had neutral to slightly favorable attitudes about depression in Taiwan. It is suggested to carefully examine and evaluate in-service training related to depression for nurses in hospitals. In addition, developing appropriate interventions to increase hospital nurses’ knowledge level of late-life depression and attitudes toward depression is recommended.

This paper generalizes the quantum clock synchronization protocol of Josza, et al., [Richard Jozsa, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000) 2010] to synchronize space and time simultaneously.

At present, many scholars at home and abroad having been studying the action of the unsteady under water head. For example, on the basis of the unsteady seepage piping test, Mao Chang xi conduct an experiment of the stable seepage piping according to the test of the sine type flood tidal flow and theoretical analysis. However, no significant achievements were obtained. On the one hand, the interaction between the unsteady head such as the flood and soil is more complex. On the other hand, because of the complexity of the development of the piping, pore filling of fine grained soil is taken away by the seepage force, which has great randomness in the coarse grained soil. Based on the research unsteady under the head piping, a suitable method for unsteady head under the action of sand piping test may be found through a variety of experimental scheme comparison. What's more, under the action of the flood and other unstable head, sand damage characteristics of piping were analyzed.

The article reports on the completion of the University of California, Irvine's National Endowment of the Humanities-financed project in creating innovative online discovery tool.

We design a scheme to perform additions of N remote addends. This adder is useful for some quantum information processing purposes, such as statistics and multi-party quantum game. The quantum remote adder is constructed by using a multi-party superdense coding scheme.

Short whole circumference and semi-circumference intussusception valves were created in interposition cholecysto-jejunal-duodenal conduits in pigs to determine which method best prevented gastrointestinal reflux into the biliary tract. Following intravenous injection of 99 mTc-HIDA the time interval for its excretion from the liver and appearance in the duodenum was not different in either whole or semi-circumference valve animals or in controls without valves. After intragastric administration of 99 mTc-DTPA the relative radioactivity of gallbladder contents (reflux) in the cohort without valves was significantly higher than in both cohorts with valves. Animals with semi-circumferential valves in turn had significantly higher levels of nuclide than those with whole circumference valves. Reflux was observed grossly in 100% of animals without valves, in 20% of those with semi-circumference valves, and in no animals with whole circumference valves. This study indicates that both Whole and semi-circumference intussusception valves placed in jejunal biliary conduits allow unimpeded flow of bile into the gastrointestinal tract. Whole circumference valves are more effective for prevention of reflux than semi-circumferential valves.