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Instruments for gamma-ray astronomy at Very High Energies (E>100GeV) have traditionally derived their scientific results through proprietary data and software. Data standardisation has become a prominent issue in this field both as a requirement for the dissemination of data from the next generation of gamma-ray observatories and as an effective solution to realise public data legacies of current-generation instruments. Specifications for a standardised gamma-ray data format have been proposed as a community effort and have already been successfully adopted by several instruments. We present the first production of standardised data from the Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescopes. We converted 166hof observations from different sources and validated their analysis with the open-source software Gammapy. We consider six data sets representing different scientific and technical analysis cases and compare the results obtained analysing the standardised data with open-source software against those produced with the MAGIC proprietary data and software. Aiming at a systematic production of MAGIC data in this standardised format, we also present the implementation of a database-driven pipeline automatically performing the MAGIC data reduction from the calibrated down to the standardised data level. In all the cases selected for the validation, we obtain results compatible with the MAGIC proprietary software, both for the manual and for the automatic data productions. Part of the validation data set is also made publicly available, thus representing the first large public release of MAGIC data. This effort and this first data release represent a technical milestone toward the realisation of a public MAGIC data legacy.

PubChem serves as a comprehensive repository, housing over 100 million unique chemical structures representing the breadth of our chemical knowledge across numerous fields including metabolism, pharmaceuticals, toxicology, cosmetics, agriculture, and many more. Rapid identification of these small molecules increasingly relies on electrospray ionization (ESI) paired with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), particularly by comparison to genuine standard MS/MS data sets. Despite its widespread application, achieving consistency in MS/MS data across various analytical platforms remains an unaddressed concern. This study evaluated MS/MS data derived from one hundred molecular standards utilizing instruments from five manufacturers, inclusive of quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) and quadrupole orbitrap “exactive” (QE) mass spectrometers by Agilent (QTOF), Bruker (QTOF), SCIEX (QTOF), Waters (QTOF), and Thermo QE. We assessed fragment ion variations at multiple collisional energies (0, 10, 20, and 40 eV) using the cosine scoring algorithm for comparisons and the number of fragments observed. A parallel visual analysis of the MS/MS spectra across instruments was conducted, consistent with a standard procedure that is used to circumvent the still prevalent issue of mischaracterizations as shown for dimethyl sphingosine and C20 sphingosine. Our analysis revealed a notable consistency in MS/MS data and identifications, with fragment ions’ m/zvalues exhibiting the highest concordance between instrument platforms at 20 eV, the other collisional energies (0, 10, and 40 eV) were significantly lower. While moving toward a standardized ESI MS/MS protocol is required for dependable molecular characterization, our results also underscore the continued importance of corroborating MS/MS data against standards to ensure accurate identifications. Our findings suggest that ESI MS/MS manufacturers, akin to the established norms for gas chromatography mass spectrometry instruments, should standardize the collision energy at 20 eV across different instrument platforms.

In this study, we present high-throughput (HT) venomics, a novel analytical strategy capable of performing a full proteomic analysis of a snake venom within 3 days. This methodology comprises a combination of RP-HPLC-nanofractionation analytics, mass spectrometry analysis, automated in-solution tryptic digestion, and high-throughput proteomics. In-house written scripts were developed to process all the obtained proteomics data by first compiling all Mascot search results for a single venom into a single Excel sheet. Then, a second script plots each of the identified toxins in so-called Protein Score Chromatograms (PSCs). For this, for each toxin, identified protein scores are plotted on the y-axis versus retention times of adjacent series of wells in which a toxin was fractionated on the x-axis. These PSCs allow correlation with parallel acquired intact toxin MS data. This same script integrates the PSC peaks from these chromatograms for semiquantitation purposes. This new HT venomics strategy was performed on venoms from diverse medically important biting species; Calloselasma rhodostoma, Echis ocellatus, Naja pallida, Bothrops asper, Bungarus multicinctus, Crotalus atrox, Daboia russelii, Naja naja, Naja nigricollis, Naja mossambica, and Ophiophagus hannah. Our data suggest that high-throughput venomics represents a valuable new analytical tool for increasing the throughput by which we can define venom variation and should greatly aid in the future development of new snakebite treatments by defining toxin composition.

Posterior malleolus fractures are frequent injuries, present in 7–44% of all ankle fractures.

Las fracturas del maléolo posterior están presentes en 7-44% del total de fracturas de tobillo.

ABSTRACTAs a recent phenomenon, crowdfunding has been positively influencing entrepreneurial financing and has been leading the way to a democratization of financial opportunities for entrepreneurs and backers. With the ambition to positively impact the entrepreneurial processes in crowdfunding markets, the RCoins project evolves around the idea of all citizens becoming sustainable investors, while helping transition from a linear to a circular economy. Today, the platform users receive 1 RCoin for every recycled bottle and use their RCoins for offers and discounts or for donations to charities. The next step will be to encourage citizens to be more motivated toward plastic bottle recycling, incentivizing them via an innovative crowd-investment reward platform. As part of an entrepreneurship and innovation ecosystem, RCoins will help increase the adoption of innovation in sustainable entrepreneurship and will contribute to resolving social and environmental issues by identifying and creating entrepreneurial opportunities.

The spring ligament has paramount role in supporting the arches and its fail causes the collapse of the medial longitudinal arc, inducing adult acquired flatfoot deformity. Our aim was to analyze the clinical and radiological outcomes of spring ligament repair and titanium wedges integration used in surgical osteotomies.

En el desarrollo del pie plano valgo adquirido del adulto ha cobrado gran importancia el fallo de la columna medial, y no tanto la rotura del tibial posterior, siendo principalmente la lesión del ligamento en hamaca calcaneonavicular (spring ligament) el determinante del desarrollo de esta deformidad.

El aumento de la prevalencia de osteoporosis asociado al envejecimiento y a los accidentes deportivos y de tráfico, son los responsables del incremento de las fracturas de tobillo. Este hecho pone de manifiesto la necesidad de protocolizar su asistencia para proporcionar un mayor beneficio clínico al paciente y una disminución de costes al sistema.

The COVID-19 captured entrepreneurs by surprise, and shocked in the first months of the pandemic, especially women entrepreneurs; yet, the initial stages of the 'shock' that crises induce, are still underexplored in the entrepreneurial research, though critical for the further venture creation act. The genders' perceptions of opportunity, fear of failure and motivations before and during the pandemic, are employed to predict propensity to start a business during this crisis. Results comparing the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) datasets between 2019 and 2020 suggest that while pandemic has been found to affect women more severely than men, women's perceived availability of opportunities during COVID-19 emerged more tightly related to financial motivations, as their main impetus to start a business. These findings reinforce the relevance of the theory of planned behaviour and bricolage to the contexts of gender and crises. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

It is important to evaluate whether a new treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) provides additive benefit to background foundational treatments. As such, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in patients with HFrEF in addition to baseline treatment with specific doses and combinations of disease-modifying therapies.

Single quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS) with enhanced in-source multiple fragment ion monitoring was designed to perform high sensitivity quantitative mass analyses. Enhanced in-source fragmentation amplifies fragmentation from traditional soft electrospray ionization producing fragment ions that have been found to be identical to those generated in tandem MS. We have combined enhanced in-source fragmentation data with criteria established by the European Union Commission Directive 2002/657/EC for electron ionization single quadrupole quantitative analysis to perform quantitative analyses. These experiments were performed on multiple types of complex samples that included a mixture of 50 standards, as well as cell and plasma extracts. The dynamic range for these quantitative analyses was comparable to triple quadrupole multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) analyses at up to 5 orders of magnitude with the cell and plasma extracts showing similar matrix effects across both platforms. Amino acid and fatty acid measurements performed from certified NIST 1950 plasma with isotopically labeled standards demonstrated accuracy in the range of 91–110% for the amino acids, 76–129% for the fatty acids, and good precision (coefficient of variation <10%). To enhance specificity, a newly developed correlated ion monitoring algorithm was designed to facilitate these analyses. This algorithm autonomously processes, aligns, filters, and compiles multiple ions within one chromatogram enabling both precursor and in-source fragment ions to be correlated within a single chromatogram, also enabling the detection of coeluting species based on precursor and fragment ion ratios. Single quadrupole instrumentation can provide MRM level quantitative performance by monitoring/correlating precursor and fragment ions facilitating high sensitivity analysis on existing single quadrupole instrumentation that are generally inexpensive, easy to operate, and technically less complex.

La tendinopatía insercional supone el 23% de las dolencias del tendón de Aquiles. La cirugía está indicada cuando fracasa el tratamiento conservador del dolor y limitación funcional. Nuestro objetivo es analizar los resultados clínico-funcionales del tratamiento quirúrgico con desinserción, desbridamiento y reanclaje en doble hilera con cinta de sutura de alta resistencia.

El concepto Lisfranc sutildefine lesiones por baja energía del complejo articular tarso-metatarsiano (CTM) que suponen inestabilidad articular. Con frecuencia pasan desapercibidas, con secuelas a largo plazo. El objetivo es evaluar los resultados clínico-funcionales de los pacientes con lesiones CTM ligamentosas grado II-III(clasificación de Nunley y Vertullo) tratados con cirugía percutánea.

Al menos el 10% de las fracturas de tobillo presentan afectación del maléolo posterior de la tibia, lo cual se ha relacionado con peor pronóstico a largo plazo. Nuestro objetivo ha sido analizar los resultados clínico-funcionales de las fracturas de tobillo con afectación del canto posterior, tratadas de forma quirúrgica sin reducción directa del tercer maléolo.

Introducción y objetivos La artrodesis de la articulación metatarsofalángica del hallux es una intervención quirúrgica indicada para el tratamiento de diversas dolencias, cuyo objetivo es aliviar el dolor y mejorar el apoyo del primer radio. Existen diversas técnicas quirúrgicas y métodos de fijación para llevar a cabo la artrodesis de dicha articulación, siendo la combinación de placa dorsal y tornillo interfragmentario la que ha demostrado en diversos estudios biomecánicos mayor estabilidad. Nuestro objetivo es analizar los resultados radiológicos tras artrodesis metatarsofalángica del hallux utilizando placa dorsal asociada o no a tornillo interfragmentario, valorando las diferencias en relación con la consolidación y las complicaciones en pacientes diagnosticados de hallux rigidus, hallux valgus, hallux varus y fracaso de cirugías previas.

1) Recordar el diagnóstico de los osteomas osteoides (OO) del pie; y 2)definir las indicaciones de su tratamiento en el retropié.

e-ASTROGAM (‘enhanced ASTROGAM’) is a breakthrough Observatory space mission, with a detector composed by a Silicon tracker, a calorimeter, and an anticoincidence system, dedicated to the study of the non-thermal Universe in the photon energy range from 0.3 MeV to 3 GeV – the lower energy limit can be pushed to energies as low as 150 keV for the tracker, and to 30 keV for calorimetric detection. The mission is based on an advanced space-proven detector technology, with unprecedented sensitivity, angular and energy resolution, combined with polarimetric capability. Thanks to its performance in the MeV–GeV domain, substantially improving its predecessors, e-ASTROGAM will open a new window on the non-thermal Universe, making pioneering observations of the most powerful Galactic and extragalactic sources, elucidating the nature of their relativistic outflows and their effects on the surroundings. With a line sensitivity in the MeV energy range one to two orders of magnitude better than previous generation instruments, e-ASTROGAM will determine the origin of key isotopes fundamental for the understanding of supernova explosion and the chemical evolution of our Galaxy. The mission will provide unique data of significant interest to a broad astronomical community, complementary to powerful observatories such as LIGO-Virgo-GEO600-KAGRA, SKA, ALMA, E-ELT, TMT, LSST, JWST, Athena, CTA, IceCube, KM3NeT, and LISA.

Red mud, an aluminum industry large-scale waste, was used as a precursor to prepare sodium ferrate(VI) and sodium ferrite following different reaction pathways. Ferrous oxalate extracted from red mud has been used as an intermediate for the preparation of these compounds. The conversion rate to sodium ferrate(VI) from ferrous oxalate was as high as 64% in sodium hydroxide solution with sodium hypochlorite. Furthermore, sodium ferrite was formed after performing the solid–solid reaction at 600 °C using a 1:1 weight ratio of iron oxide (prepared via the ferrous oxalate extraction route from red mud) and sodium peroxide. In contrast, sodium iron silicon oxides were formed when red mud was reacted directly, following similar experimental procedures. These results present an interesting alternative to convert an environmentally unfriendly waste to new value-added products. It is envisaged that sodium ferrate(VI) might be of great interest in terms of wastewater treatment, whereas sodium ferrite and NawFexSiyOzmight be of interest in the development of new materials for energy storage.

The effect of partial graphitization on electrical and galvanomagnetic properties of BE-C(Fe) biomorphic carbons produced by beech wood carbonization at temperatures of 850–1600°C in the presence of an iron-containing catalyst is studied. The use of an Fe catalyst at Тcarb≥ 1000°C leads to the formation of nanoscale graphite-phase inclusions; its total volume and nanocrystallite sizes increase with Тcarb. The data on the carrier concentration and mobility are obtained. It was shown that partially graphitized BE-C(Fe) carbons with Тcarb≥ 1000°C in the conductivity type and magnetoresistance features relate to highly disordered metal systems whose conductivity can be described taking into account the contribution of quantum corrections, mainly the correction caused by the electron–electron interaction. It is shown that nonmonotonic dependences of the Hall constant Ron the magnetic field are characteristic of BE-C(Fe) samples with 1000 ≤ Тcarb< 1600°C, which is most probably caused by the contribution of various carrier groups, i.e., electrons and holes. In BE-C(Fe) samples with Тcarb= 1600°C, the Hall coefficient corresponds to the metal state, which is associated with conducting medium homogenization resulting from the formation of a significant graphite phase volume.

Los esguinces de tobillo son una de las patologías traumatológicas más frecuentes. A pesar de un tratamiento conservador adecuado, este fracasa en el 20-40% de los casos. Estos pacientes suelen desarrollar una inestabilidad crónica de tobillo. En el 75-80% de las ocasiones existe una rotura aislada del ligamento talofibular anterior.

La estimulación con TSH recombinante humana (rhTSH) aumenta la captación tiroidea de yodo, ayudando al tratamiento con radioyodo en el bocio multinodular (BMN) no tóxico. Sin embargo, son escasos los estudios que utilicen rhTSH previo a terapia con radioyodo en el BMN tóxico para controlar la hiperfunción y clínica compresiva.

Our study evaluated the dose-dependent effects of a palmitic acid-enriched supplement in basal diets with or without the inclusion of whole cottonseed on nutrient digestibility and production responses of dairy cows. Sixteen Holstein cows (149 ± 56 days in milk) were used in a split plot Latin square design experiment. Cows were blocked by 3.5% fat-corrected milk (FCM) and allocated to a main plot receiving either a basal diet with soyhulls (SH, n= 8) or a basal diet with whole cottonseed (CS, n= 8) that was fed throughout the experiment. A palmitic acid-enriched supplement (PA;88.5% C16:0) was fed at 0, 0.75, 1.50, or 2.25% of ration DM in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin Square design within each basal diet group. Periods were 14 d with the final 4 d used for data collection. PA dose increased milk fat content linearly, and cubically affected yields of milk fat and 3.5% FCM. The PA dose did not affect milk protein and lactose contents, BW, and BCS, but tended to increase yields of milk, milk protein, and milk lactose. Also, PA dose reduced DMI and 16-carbon fatty acid digestibility quadratically, and increased 18-carbon fatty acid digestibility quadratically. There were no effects of basal diet on the yield of milk or milk components, but DMI tended to decrease in CS compared with SH, increasing feed efficiency (3.5% FCM/DMI). Compared with SH, CS diets increased yield of preformed milk fatty acids and 16-carbon fatty acid digestibility, and tended to decrease 18-carbon fatty acid digestibility. We observed basal diet × PA dose interactions for yields of milk and milk protein and for 16-carbon and total fatty acid digestibility, as well as tendency for yields of milk fat and 3.5% FCM. Also, there was a tendency for an interaction between basal diet and PA dose for NDF digestibility, which increased more for CS with increasing PA than for SH. PA dose linearly decreased digestibility of total fatty acids in SH diets but did not affect it in CS diets Results demonstrate that responses to PA dose are affected by the dietary basal diet. Additionally, the decrease in fatty acid digestibility only in the SH diets suggests that digestibility is impacted mainly by the profile of 16- and 18-carbon fatty acids reaching the duodenum. Under the dietary conditions evaluated, the yield of 3.5% FCM and milk fat were optimal when PA was fed at 1.5% of ration DM.

A conoscopic holography sensor (CH) integrated in a machining centre was used to analyse how the scanning strategy affects distance measurements between planes and to the reconstruction of a digitised surface. Distance measurement tests were conducted on a stepped specimen whereas the surface reconstruction was studied on a cylindrical surface. Two different scanning strategies were compared. In the first, the height position of the sensor kept constant along the surface scanning so that all the points were located at different positions within the sensor depth of field (DOF). In the second strategy, the sensor was continuously adjusted describing a trajectory equidistant to the surface so that all the points were acquired at a same distance within the DOF. Both strategies were compared by the discrepancies between measurements taken by the CH sensor and those obtained by a touch probe. Some recommendations are provided for distance measurement and surface reconstruction.

The microstructure and amplitude dependences of the Young’s modulus Eand internal friction (logarithmic decrement δ), and microplastic properties of biocarbon matrices BE-C(Fe) obtained by beech tree carbonization at temperatures Tcarb= 850–1600°C in the presence of an iron-containing catalyst are studied. By X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy, it is shown that the use of Fe-catalyst during carbonization with Tcarb≥ 1000°C leads to the appearance of a bulk graphite phase in the form of nanoscale bulk graphite inclusions in a quasi-amorphous matrix, whose volume fraction and size increase with Tcarb. The correlation of the obtained dependences E(Тcarb) and δ(Tcarb) with microstructure evolution with increasing Тcarbis revealed. It is found that Eis mainly defined by a crystalline phase fraction in the amorphous matrix, i.e., a nanocrystalline phase at Тcarb< 1150°C and a bulk graphite phase at Tcarb> 1300°C. Maximum values E= 10–12 GPa are achieved for samples with Тcarb≈ 1150 and 1600°C. It is shown that the microplasticity manifest itself only in biocarbons with Tcarb≥ 1300°C (upon reaching a significant volume of the graphite phase); in this case, the conditional microyield stress decreases with increasing total volume of introduced mesoporosity (free surface area).

Introducción y objetivos: Las luxaciones periastragalinas son una entidad poco frecuente (< 1%) de las lesiones traumáticas del pie. Se produce una pérdida de relación anatómica entre astrágalo, calcáneo y escafoides. Solo hay pequeñas series publicadas.