Search

The advent of AI tools has the potential to transform how health information is sought, which increases the need for insights into why individuals turn to AI. The study, guided by channel-specific predictors covered by the Planned Risk Information Seeking Model, additionally considers trust and risk perceptions toward AI, and examines the predictors of one's AI-seeking intention. The results of an online survey (N = 1,121) indicated that attitudes toward seeking, seeking-related norms, and perceived seeking control were significant predictors of individuals' intention to seek health information from AI. In contrast, trust and risk perceptions were of minor relevance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Background: The meaning and characteristics embedded in proprietary drug names have the potential to affect name recall, perceptions of drug benefits and risks, and attitudes toward a drug. In this study, we examined: (1) whether names that reference the drug's medical indication affect consumers' and primary care physicians' (PCPs') perceptions of the drug and (2) whether names that overstate the drug's efficacy affect consumers' and PCPs' perceptions of the drug. Methods: We conducted an online experiment with 455 PCPs and 450 consumers to test the effects of fictitious proprietary prescription drug names. Participants were randomized to view one neutral drug name, one name that overstated the drug's efficacy, and five names that referenced the drug's medical indication. Results: Names that referenced the drug's medical indication and names that overstated the drug's benefit both influenced perceptions of efficacy and risk compared to neutral names. For several outcomes, names evoking medical indications had similar effects to those designed to overstate the drug's efficacy. The patterns of effects were similar for PCPs and consumers. Conclusion: Findings suggest drug names alone can be sufficient to produce attitudes and risk and benefit perceptions about drugs, even in the absence of any information beyond the drug's medical indication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Health Psychology is the property of American Psychological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

In a highly competitive market, managing the quality of destination image is a major concern for tourism marketers and policymakers. Negative connotations attached to a destination can potentially produce forms of stigma and lead to the stigmatization of a destination. Research on stigmas attached to tourists or tourism practitioners has gained growing scholarly attention; however, empirical knowledge on the stigmas associated with a place (spatial stigma) and the underlying factors driving the stigmatization of a destination is yet to be developed in tourism literature. To fill this gap and grounded in a multidisciplinary literature on the stigma-place nexus, this study explores the stigmatization of Iran through an analysis of in-depth interviews with the representatives of country's key tourism informants. The findings of the qualitative study demonstrated how Iran's destination identity is contested. Six reinforcing forms of stigmas were identified: political, religion, security, hygiene, performance and regional stigmas. The study concludes that destination stigma is a multi-dimensional phenomenon that manifests in different ways depending on where it is generated, encountered and experienced. In adopting a more contextual approach the study offers several new perspectives on stigma production, negotiation and resistance in tourism destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Research has examined how people think about their personal risks, but not how students conceptualize the risks they experience abroad. We examined how students describe their risks, how they see risk beliefs and experiences as tied to mitigation, and whether they view study abroad as a time to take (positive or negative) risks. We interviewed US-based college students (N=18) studying abroad in Denmark pre-pandemic. Themes revealed that students (1) saw study abroad as risky, (2) conceptualized their risks affectively and not cognitively, (3) described their worries (more about positive than negative risks) but rarely concrete mitigation steps, and (4) described taking some risks (more negative than positive risks) but rationalized and minimized their experiences. These results are theoretically important and practically useful because they help study abroad professionals consider ways to better prepare and support students based on an understanding of students' own risk perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Background and purpose: Unawareness of the risk factors is one of the most important issues that need to be settled for stroke prevention. We aimed to evaluate the awareness of risk factors for cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) among acute ischemic stroke patients and to investigate the characteristics of patients who were unaware of their risk factors in Shenzhen, China. Methods: Registered data on awareness of CVD risk factors of patients with confirmed acute ischemic stroke (AIS) from June 2020 to December 2022 were analyzed in May 2023. The data were extracted from the database of Shenzhen Quality Control Center for Management of Cerebrovascular Diseases. Results: Totally, there were 5147 AIS patients with complete data eligible for this study. AIS patients' awareness regarding existing hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and atrial fibrillation (AF) was 76.1%, 76.2%, 24.2%, and 53.4%, respectively. Patients who were lack of awareness of the CVD risk factors were more likely to be males, individuals with younger ages, and those without medical insurance or a CVD history. Conclusions: The overall awareness of the CVD risk factors was suboptimal among AIS patients in Shenzhen, especially for the existing dyslipidemia. The health education of AIS should be further improved in males as well as individuals without medical insurance or any CVD histories. Age was an independent factor associated with the lack of awareness of the CVD risk factors. The stroke screening program should be extended to younger people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Based on the transactional theory of stress, people tend to adopt problem-oriented coping styles when they feel there are opportunities in the situation and can benefit from them. Positive effects of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on labor include increased income for certain management and skilled positions as well as the creation of new job opportunities. However, among its drawbacks are the jobs it replaces, which causes unemployment. According to resource conservation theory, concerns about job stability and persistence trigger the process of resource consumption, which wears people out emotionally (Xu, et.al., 2023). The study results provide the relationship among Artificial Intelligence (AI) opportunity perception, employees’ workplace well-being (WWB) and Informal Learning in the Workplace (ILW). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Background: Healthcare students (HCS) are at an elevated risk of infection and potential sources of infection for patients. This study focuses on HCSs in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) regarding their vaccination status, awareness, and attitudes. The lack of standardized vaccination policies among UAE medical universities and the recent global emphasis on HCSs' vaccination highlight the importance of this research. Methods: A cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire, targeting current healthcare students in the UAE was conducted. A minimum sample size of 400 was calculated, and data were collected between March and May 2023. Statistical analysis including descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted. Results: Most of the participants received their childhood vaccination and some adult vaccines. Despite 97.3% claiming awareness of the importance of HCSs' vaccination, the average knowledge score was 8.5 ± 1.8 (score ranged from 0 to 13). Medical students had slightly lower knowledge scores compared to other healthcare majors. 75.9% received information on the required vaccinations before clinical training. There was a significant relationship between receiving information and awareness of the need for specific vaccinations (p<0.001). 56.0% checked their titres prior to clinical training, mainly due to training requirements (51.8%). Barriers to vaccination included vaccine availability and low perceived risk. Conclusion: This study underscores the gap between healthcare students' perceived and actual knowledge of the required vaccinations; highlighting the need for educational initiatives and clear vaccination information. Healthcare educational institutes play a crucial role in ensuring vaccination knowledge and practices of their students meet the recommended standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Recent advances in science and consumer demand for new or alternative food products boosted innovation in the food industry, stimulating the production of ever newer foodstuff. In the European Union (EU), when these lack a significant history of consumption, they may qualify as novel foods (NFs) and require a risk assessment by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) before they can enter the EU market. In this context, risk communication is crucial in ensuring the public understands any associated risks and requires different approaches according to societal knowledge and risk perception. We identified effective risk communication options for different NFs, accounting for societal insights, media analytics, and technical features. We applied an adapted version of EFSA's approach for planning risk communication of risk assessments' incoming requests on cell culture-derived foods and previously assessed NFs. The study included: categorization according to NF's nature, assessment of their mandates for their risk communication potential, identification of shared features across NF categories potentially triggering societal interest, and gathering of societal insights from literature and media analysis to map elements for risk communication. We recommend enhancing individuals' knowledge of risks through awareness-raising for NFs derived from microorganisms, fungi, or algae, produced with precision fermentation, derived from insects, or plants. For cell culture-derived foods, where public knowledge is higher, communication approaches should instead aim to build trust and resolve differences in views. We further highlight the importance of continuous dialogue between EFSA and stakeholders to ensure tailored risk communication that considers both scientific and societal factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Objectives: This study aimed to summarize the results of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk assessments and to examine the associations between risk levels and various indicators, including COVID-19 incidence, risk perception, community mobility, and government policy. Methods: The results of the risk assessment and the indicators utilized were summarized. From November 2021 to May 2022, the COVID-19 risk level was evaluated on a weekly basis, and its correlation with these indicators was analyzed. Data were obtained from press releases by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, regular surveys conducted by Hankook Research, and information available on the Google and Oxford websites. Results: Weekly risk assessments were conducted for 30 weeks, using different indices depending on the phases. Correlation analysis revealed the strongest positive correlation between risk level and risk perception (r =0.841). The risk level from "1-week lead" demonstrated a strong positive correlation with the time-varying reproduction number (Rt). Similarly, the risk level from "week lagged value" showed a strong positive correlation with the number of severe cases in the hospital. Conclusion: At the time of risk assessment, the Rt precedes the risk level, while severe cases in hospitals follow. Therefore, the assessed risk level functioned as an early warning system. Risk perception demonstrated the strongest correlation with the risk level, suggesting consistency throughout the assessment period. Contextual indicators (e.g., risk perception) that consider time lags and implementation scales, could improve the evaluation of future risk assessment results, particularly when there are challenges in reflecting specific situations in coordinated emergency response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World is the property of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

South Asia and Southeast Asia are the regions with relatively high and increased disease burden of oral cancer. The purpose of this study was to analyze the scientometric characteristics of oral cancer research in these regions. There are 8 countries from South Asia and 11 countries from Southeast Asia. All the articles on oral cancer from these countries were retrieved in the Scopus database. A total of 5660 articles originated from South Asia (n = 4718) and Southeast Asia (n = 942). India (n = 4302; 91.2%) was the country publishing most articles on oral cancer in South Asia, and Malaysia (n = 355; 37.7%) was first in Southeast Asia. Tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, and areca nut as risk factors were common keywords, attention should be paid to them while developing polices for oral cancer control. In India, the most topic including distinctive keywords was diagnostics (sensitivity/specificity, saliva, and predictive value), followed by molecular biology (antioxidants, lipid peroxidation, and glutathione), experimental in vivo (hamster and cheek pouch), and risk factor (smokeless tobacco). In Malaysia, the most topic containing keywords was molecular biology followed by epidemiology and drug research. This study for the first time reported the scientometric characteristics of oral cancer research in South Asia (India) and Southeast Asia (Malaysia). It is essential to improve the public awareness of risk factors control to reduce the oral cancer burden, especially in low-and middle-income countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

The anonymity provided in underground forums has led to the growth of illicit substance drug markets. Online markets seem to be safer for drug transactions, with reduced risks of being arrested. However, criminals seem to be conscious of the risks of keeping a dark web market user friendly. This study investigates both surface and dark web forums, focusing on online underground markets. This study aims to: a) investigate the ways risk is perceived among members and vendors of underground forums throughout stages of transactions and b) identify risk avoidance practices utilised within these online underground markets. We hypothesise that the discourse in these forums focuses on the risks of detection, both offline and in cyberspace, as well as relevant techniques for reducing such risks. Our findings indicate discourse on techniques and strategies for reducing the risk of detection and arrest. In addition, our findings highlight that decision-making with drug use is highly individualised and should be based on some research of the effects and benefits of each drug. These findings provide useful insights and can inform practices in policing, leading to the development of intervention approaches aiming to interrupt online underground markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

This study applies context-based approaches to victimization risk perception in digital spaces. Vignettes are randomly assigned to a convenience sample of internet users and analyzed to determine how digital location and user behavior affects perceived likelihood of malware victimization and objective risk evaluation. Means-differences tests between conjoint treatment groups show statistically significant differences on all dependent variables between respondents who received high risk site/high risk behavior scenarios and those who received low risk site/low risk behavior scenarios. Internet users' risk perception is affected both by location in digital space and user behavior, but these effects vary when measured in a conjoint scenario. In the context of online victimization, the findings suggest that internet users' risk perceptions are influenced by behavior regardless of location. This conclusion supports prior research suggesting that digital victimology should examine specific behaviors on the internet such as information-sharing, rather than types of websites visited, to better understand how individuals navigate victimization risk in digital space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

This paper compares relative risk perceptions of residents to inbound tourists from countries with different COVID-19 profiles. Results suggest residents are able to distinguish between COVID-19 risks based on the incidence of COVID-19 in the tourists' source country. Residents' risk perceptions were better aligned with the absolute number of cases (ignoring population size) in tourists' country of origin than with the number of COVID cases per capita. This was primarily influenced by China's relatively large population. The results suggest people can accurately assess relative risk, especially when the media provides quality information (as was the case for COVID-19 cases). By examining perceptions of residents rather than tourists, this paper adds new insights into tourism outcomes of successful crisis management, especially in the context of public health disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Entering the 21st century, with the acceleration of economic globalization, urban development is facing many challenges such as population growth, resource scarcity, and environmental pressure. Therefore, underground engineering construction has received widespread attention. The application of Wireless Sensing Network (WSN) technology in civil engineering structural monitoring meets the intelligent monitoring needs of tunnel construction and solves the problem of construction safety monitoring. This study combines statistical analysis, theoretical research, numerical simulation, BIM technology, and on-site verification methods to systematically explore the perception and visualization management of safety risks in subway construction. The application of wireless monitoring technology has verified the monitoring effect of wireless laser ranging and wireless inclination sensors during the construction period. The results show that under timely support conditions, the tunnel structure remains basically safe. For weak stratum tunnels, numerical simulation and backward advanced deep hole grouting pre reinforcement technology are studied to ensure the stability of the soil layer around the tunnel. At the same time, BIM technology is used to construct a tunnel model, visualize the construction process, and develop an intelligent sensing control system for real-time monitoring and risk warning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Cold chain logistics has become a core link in ensuring drug quality and safety, especially for temperature sensitive drugs such as vaccines and biologics. This paper aims to develop a drug cold chain transportation risk assessment and early warning system based on big data, utilizing advanced technologies such as big data analysis and machine learning to achieve real-time monitoring, intelligent analysis, and early warning of various risk factors in the drug cold chain transportation process. This paper proposes a comprehensive architecture that includes data collection layer, data transmission layer, data processing and storage layer, analysis engine, warning and response module, user interface, and system integration interface. This paper collects key environmental data in real-time through sensors, such as temperature and humidity, and uses a secure data transmission layer to transmit the data to the central processing system. The construction of the risk assessment model is based on a series of quantifiable risk indicators, including temperature deviation, humidity deviation, location deviation, etc., and through data standardization and weight allocation, combined with a machine learning model to perform risk scoring and grading. The early warning mechanism implementation part includes early warning rules and threshold settings as well as real-time monitoring and dynamic warning to ensure that the system can respond to potential risks in a timely manner. The results of the system performance evaluation show that the risk evolution prediction deviation rate remains at a very low level, with a maximum of 1.4%, the false alarm rate is very low, with a maximum of 0.15% and a minimum of 0.03%, and the risk situational awareness sensitivity coefficient remains at a high level, with a minimum of 0.8. These results indicate that the developed system performs well in terms of risk prediction accuracy, warning timeliness and risk perception sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

This study presents a diagnostic tool for assessing cyber behaviour in remote working environments, going beyond traditional expectancy theory. Four distinct profiles have been identified - Cautious unaware (Cautious), Risk-seekers unaware (Careless), Cautious aware (Reasonable) and Risk-seekers aware (Risk-seekers) - highlighting the key role of human behaviour in the realm of cybersecurity. The study emphasis the different requirements of each group, reinforcing the need for a human-centred approach in developing effective cybersecurity policies. Our results show different levels of awareness and risk behaviour among remote workers, sheds the need to adapt security strategies. The results of the study help to better align preventive and cybersecurity measures within organisations, and therefore better allocate resources to support organisational cyber resilience. The study contributes to a broader discourse on integrating human insights with technological safeguards to strengthen digital security in remote working environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

The economic condition of Thailand and the rate of return observed on the stock exchange of Thailand (SET) surpasses the profits generated through savings. This has resulted in SET gaining popularity among individuals seeking a substantial rate of return. Understanding the elements investors consider when investing in Thailand's stock exchange is crucial due to its increasing popularity. This research utilizes a second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) method to examine the impact of social media and emotional intelligence on investors' investment decisions in Thailand's stock market. The research method employed a combination of qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis. Step 1 involved qualitative research utilizing the e-fuzzy set Delphi technique, which entailed sending an online questionnaire to 19 experts. The questionnaire included both open-ended and closed-ended questions on a 7-point scale. Step 2 involved conducting quantitative research using simple random sampling. To gather information from investors in SET, 600 investors were surveyed. It was found that emotional intelligence, social media, risk perception, and financial literacy influence investors’ investment decisions in SET, respectively. This research will provide new insights into the impact of social media and emotional intelligence on investors' decision-making in Thailand's stock market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Background: Despite considerable progress in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) remain major public health issues in Saudi Arabia. Pharmacists must possess adequate knowledge and professional attitudes towards HIV/AIDS in pharmacy practice. This study aimed to examine pharmacy students' level of HIV knowledge, their attitudes toward people living with HIV/ AIDS (PLWHA), and their risk perceptions when providing services to PLWHA. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey tool was developed and administered to pharmacy students during their final academic year at Taibah University in Saudi Arabia. Descriptive and Pearson's Chi-Square Test or Fisher's Exact Test as appropriate, were performed to find the difference with a p-value of 0.05. Results: A total of 130 pharmacy students responded to the questionnaire (89.6% response rate). While descriptive results showed students' knowledge about HIV/AIDS was low (the mean knowledge score was 8.22 out of 15). Post-exposure prophylaxis was only known by 36.2% of pharmacy students, and the time it takes HIV to become AIDS was only known by 11.5%. More than half of the students (60.8%) did not realize that antivirals could not treat HIV/AIDS. Only 18.5% of students agreed they could counsel and treat HIV-positive people. A survey of pharmacy students found that 46.2% believed that they did not receive enough education on working with PLWHA in a safe and responsible manner, and 20% were unwilling to assist PLWHA. Among pharmacy students, 54.6% recommended HIV testing for healthcare professionals and 53.9% for patients before surgery. Conclusion: The study highlighted inadequate students' knowledge, modest attitudes, and negative risk perceptions toward HIV/AIDS. Saudi Arabian educational institutions and health care planners should perform educational interventions to enhance HIV/AIDS understanding among healthcare students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased pressure on healthcare services globally. However, the impact of this prolonged and ever-changing pressure on pharmacist wellbeing, burnout and resilience is unexplored. Objective: To explore the changes in resilience, burnout and wellbeing for pharmacists longitudinally from June 2020 to March 2021. Methods: An online survey was distributed via social media in June/July 2020. Any UK pharmacist in a patient facing role (community, GP and hospital) was eligible to participate. Pharmacists were asked to leave their email address at the end of the survey if they wished to participate in follow-up surveys, which were distributed in October/November 2020 and February/March 2021. Surveys included validated scales to explore resilience (CD-RISC 10), burnout (OLBI) and wellbeing (transformed SWEMWBS). Qualitative free text comments on challenges faced, positive changes in working practice, and support needed were collected. Results: 202 responses were collected in June/July 2020. Of 145 that consented to continue participation, 87 responded in October/November 2020 and 85 in February/March 2021. Mean scores in June/July 2020 showed lower than the population mean for pharmacist wellbeing (transformed SWEMWBS 21.5) and resilience (CDRISC-10 26.8) and high burnout (OLBI 40.4). There were no significant changes in scores over time, demonstrating sustained poor wellbeing, resilience and risk of burnout. In February/March 2021, those with more years since registration had higher wellbeing and resilience and lower burnout scores. Over the course of the study, pharmacists reported multiple causes of stress, including workload, patient demands, lack of protected breaks and poor local and national management. Support from colleagues was described to be the most useful resource to manage this stress. Conclusion: This study has illustrated the experience and impact of prolonged work within stressful situations for UK pharmacists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Air quality issues, exacerbated by wildfire smoke and excessive ozone that is worsened by climate change, pose significant health risks to outdoor workers, who are often overlooked in regulatory protection and communication efforts. This study examined how outdoor worker demographics, risk perceptions, and efficacy beliefs predict air quality protective actions and information seeking. Additionally, it investigates the sources of information that this population relies on for understanding air quality. A survey was conducted with 256 outdoor workers in Colorado, a state regularly affected by wildfire smoke and ozone. Measures included demographics, perceived risk, efficacy beliefs, air quality actions, and information seeking behavior. Both perceived risk and efficacy beliefs influenced health-protective actions during poor air quality events. Interestingly, efficacy beliefs were found to be a more reliable predictor of air quality information seeking than perceived risk. The top sources of air quality information among outdoor workers were local news media, The Weather Channel, mobile apps, state public health authorities, and the National Weather Service. These findings enhance our understanding of how perceived risk and efficacy beliefs promote health-protective behaviors among outdoor workers. They lay the groundwork for future research and initiatives to improve air quality communication and promote health-protective actions for this population group. Promoting the efficacy of health-protective actions and seeking information are important components of air quality communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

To describe the level of risk perception for fractures among family caregivers of children diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta, and explore the related factors. This was a cross-sectional survey study. A self-administered questionnaire on family caregivers' perception of fracture risk of underage patients with osteogenesis imperfecta was used. The study was performed in mainland China from May to December 2022, with 127 family caregivers of patients aged 3–17. Stepwise backwards multivariable linear regression analysis was undertaken to examine risk factors for caregivers' risk perception of fractures. A total of 16.54% of caregivers had a higher level of risk perception for fractures of patients. The caregiver's educational level, the family members, the patient's self-care ability, fracture times in the past year, and whether or not they had received community services were associated with the caregiver's risk perception for fracture. Patients with osteogenesis imperfecta will eventually leave the medical system and receive more support from themselves or family caregivers instead of health personnel. These findings should be incorporated into the prevention and health education of fractures in caregivers of underage patients with osteogenesis imperfecta to help develop effective risk communication strategies and induce caregivers to implement appropriate protective behaviors. It is important to evaluate the risk perception for fractures and its related factors among family caregivers of underage patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. Identifying these factors can help healthcare providers to screen caregivers with high perceived level of fracture risk in a quicker and earlier way. This study provides evidence for the establishment of interventions to balance caregivers' risk perception and patient socialization. • This study describes the level of risk perception of fractures among family caregivers of underage OI patients. • This study identified the characteristics of OI caregivers who have a high risk perception of fractures. • Having appropriate risk perception of fractures among caregivers is beneficial for the social development of OI patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Importance: Benefits of children's participation in risky play are broadly recognized. However, most related research originates in Western countries; none focuses on outdoor play in Eastern countries, including Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, although the literature identifies varying perspectives on risky play among parents, there is no objective measure to assess personal, situational, and cultural factors shaping their risk tolerance. Objective: To establish the construct validity and internal reliability of data gathered with the newly developed Factors Affecting Tolerance for Risk in Play Scale (FAC–TRiPS). Design: Instrument development. Setting: Online survey. Participants: Ninety Saudi parents with children ages 7 to 10 yr. Outcomes and Measures: The FAC–TRiPS, a 17-item, self-report measure. We used Rasch analysis (Winsteps 4.4.4) to establish evidence for construct validity (item fit, match of item difficulty and parent tolerance, principal-components results) and internal reliability (person reliability index). Results: Item fit analysis revealed that data from 15 of 17 items (88%) conformed to Rasch model expectations. Item difficulty closely matched parents' risk tolerance level. The principal-components analysis of residuals demonstrated that observed variance (49.6%) closely matched expected variance (49.7%). The first contrast's unexplained variance had an eigenvalue slightly greater than 2.5, suggesting possible multidimensionality. The person reliability index was.90. Conclusions and Relevance: Preliminary analysis suggests that the FAC–TRiPS yields valid, reliable data measuring factors that influence parents' risk tolerance. Further research is needed. Plain-Language Summary: This study contributes to the knowledge of how parents in Eastern countries perceive risky play. The Factors Affecting Tolerance for Risk in Play Scale (FAC–TRiPS) is a newly developed tool that occupational therapy practitioners can use to understand parents' beliefs about and tolerance for their children's participation in risky play. The findings facilitate an understanding of the complex nature of parenting when determining whether to allow children to participate in risky play activities. The findings of this study show that the Factors Affecting Tolerance for Risk in Play Scale (FAC–TRiPS) has utility for practitioners who want to explore parents' beliefs about and tolerance for their children's participation in risky play. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

In the United States, youth experience suboptimal HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence. One common idea posits that this is due to their developing decision-making skills. However, quantitative evidence of this assumption is limited. We therefore examined whether individual decision-making factors, such as HIV risk perception and sexual behavior, predicted PrEP adherence in a national trial of young sexual and gender minorities (YSGMs). In 2019–2021, the Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV Interventions 142 study enrolled 225 PrEP users (ages 16–24) throughout the country. Regression models estimated the associations between HIV risk perception (using a modified Perceived HIV Risk Scale), sexual behavior (condomless anal sex in ≤ 3 months), and self-reported oral PrEP adherence (≥4 pills in the past week) at the same time point (baseline) and longitudinally (3 months). Baseline risk perception (risk ratio [RR]: 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82, 1.04) and condomless anal sex (RR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.25) were not associated with PrEP adherence at the same time point and did not predict 3-month adherence (RR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.85, 1.11; RR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.93, 1.19, respectively). Baseline risk perception was not associated with condomless anal sex at either time point (baseline RR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.43; 3-month RR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.90, 1.28). In this national trial of YSGM, HIV risk perception and condomless anal sex did not predict PrEP adherence. Targeting individual-level perceptions and behaviors will likely insufficiently address youth's suboptimal PrEP use. Future research should identify YSGM-specific adherence drivers and train providers to recognize such motivations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

This paper investigates the moderating role of the macroeconomic environment in the crash risk-policy uncertainty sensitivity. We find that managers have lower risk perception and crash risk is less sensitive to policy uncertainty during periods of economic expansion. Managers' risk perception is the critical channel through which the macroeconomic environment affects the relationship between crash risk and policy uncertainty. Consequently, when firms' managers have an accurate understanding of the future economic environment, the moderating effect of economic growth is lower. This manifests in the weaker moderating effect of economic growth for SOEs and firms with stronger managerial ability, lower managerial ownership, and high media attention, which further supports the risk perception channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

High levels of consumer indebtedness have been a concern in recent years, as they have contributed to rising household indebtedness and put pressure on the country's financial stability. The general objective of this study was to present actions to reduce the individual's indebtedness. To achieve this objective, exploratory and explanatory research was carried out. First, there was a review of the literature to find variables and/or models that explain indebtedness, and in a second part, with a quantitative character via structural equations, a questionnaire was applied to a sample of 114 individuals from the Federal District. The variables that most influenced were financial literacy (21.1%), materialism (5.45), and risk perception (3.4%). Among the actions to improve indebtedness are to make the individual literate, explain the risks associated with short-term investments and promises of immediate gain, and the consequences of materialism, which can help minimize indebtedness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Since the inception of Public Service Motivation (PSM) by Perry and Wise, substantial research has been conducted in this domain. However, there is a dearth of scholarly investigation into the impact of changing public service environments, specifically the perception of workplace risk, on public service motivation. Recent public health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have necessitated significant changes in frontline public employees' work environments. As they frequently engage in epidemic prevention and control activities, which entail direct exposure to the virus, their motivation may fluctuate based on their perceived risks. Female employees, in particular, facing the dual pressures of work and family responsibilities, are more prone to being affected. Drawing upon the human behavioral motivation and Stress-Strain-Outcome framework, this study examines the influence mechanism of risk perception on public service motivation among 214 female employees who participated in epidemic control during the 2022 lockdown period in Shanghai. As the findings indicate, risk perception detrimentally affects their public service motivation both directly and indirectly through emotional exhaustion or anxiety-emotional exhaustion dual mediation, whereas anxiety does not mediate such a relationship. The study's theoretical significance lies in its potential to broaden the scope of antecedent research on public service motivation and address the research gap about the mechanisms through which risk perception influences public service motivation during public health emergencies. Practically, these insights may assist public organizations in mitigating the adverse effects of risk perception, thereby enhancing their employees' well-being and service effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influence of uncertainty-related factors on the health behavior of individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) based on Mishel's uncertainty in illness theory (UIT). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and path analysis to investigate uncertainty and factors related to health behavior. The study participants were 228 CAD patients who visited the outpatient cardiology department between September 2020 and June 2021. We used SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0 software to analyze the data. Results: The final model demonstrated a good fit with the data. Eleven of the twelve paths were significant. Uncertainty positively affected danger and negatively affected self-efficacy and opportunity. Danger had a positive effect on perceived risk. Opportunity positively affected social support, self-efficacy, perceived benefit and intention, whereas it negatively affected perceived risk. Social support, self-efficacy, perceived benefit and intention had a positive effect on health behavior. We found that perceived benefit and intention had the most significant direct effects, whereas self-efficacy indirectly affected the relationship between uncertainty and health behavior. Conclusion: The path model is suitable for predicting the health behavior of CAD patients who experience uncertainty. When patients experience uncertainty, interventions to increase their self-efficacy are required first. Additionally, we need to develop programs that quickly shift to appraisal uncertainty as an opportunity, increase perceived benefits of health behavior, and improve intentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Purpose: Patients' perception of fall risk is a promising new indicator for fall prevention. Therefore, a fall risk perception questionnaire that can be used rapidly and repeatedly in acute care settings is required. This study aimed to develop a short version of the fall risk perception questionnaire (Short-FRPQ) for inpatients. Methods: For the psychometric measurements, 246 inpatients were recruited from an acute care hospital. The construct (using confirmatory factor analysis and discriminant validity of each item), convergent, and known-group validities were tested to determine the validity of the Short-FRPQ. McDonald's omega coefficient was used to examine the internal consistency of reliability. Results: In the confirmatory factor analysis, the fit indices of the Short-FRPQ, comprising 14 items and three factors, appeared to be satisfactory. The Short-FRPQ had a significantly positive correlation with the original scale, the Korean Falls Efficacy Scale-International, and the Morse Fall Scale. The risk of falls group, assessed using the Morse Fall Scale, had a higher score on the Short-FRPQ. McDonald's omega coefficient was .90. Conclusion: The Short-FRPQ presents good reliability and validity. As patient participation is essential in fall interventions, evaluating the fall risk perception of inpatients quickly and repeatedly using scales of acceptable validity and reliability is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Objective: Young adult women naturalistically engage in sexual assault protective behavioral strategies (SA-PBS) in an effort to reduce their risk of sexual assault. Despite well-documented sociocontextual risks for sexual assault, it remains largely unknown whether and how social contexts influence SA-PBS use. The present study characterized relations of women's alcohol use and interpersonal contexts with SA-PBS engagement across social events, framed according to routine activity theory. Method: Young adult women from a community sample (N = 174) reported their drinking and social events across 27 daily assessments spanning 1 year. Multilevel latent class analyses examined variability in SA-PBS, and multinomial regression tested associations of contextual risks with SA-PBS engagement. Results: Results supported three distinct classes of social events characterized by SA-PBS engagement: (a) no or minimal use of SA-PBS ("no use," 26%), (b) no perceived reason or opportunity to use SA-PBS ("no reason or opportunity," 44%), and (c) any use of SA-PBS ("any use," 30%). Presence of likely offenders (odds ratio [OR] = 4.77, p =.004), absence of capable guardianship (OR = 5.91, p <.001), and greater other's substance intoxication (OR = 1.46, p =.01), as theorized by routine activity theory, increased odds of membership in the "any use" relative to "no use" class. Women's alcohol consumption was not associated with class membership. Conclusions: Women's perceptions of risk in the social environment relate to their likelihood of engaging in SA-PBS. Findings represent an important step toward understanding the social context's role in sexual assault risk and protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Tourism & Management Studies is the property of Escola Superior de Gestao, Hotelaria e Turismo, Universidade do Algarve and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

There is little evidence regarding the characteristics of adults who self-reported not having had COVID-19 after two years of the pandemic. This study aimed to analyse the characteristics of no-COVID-19 respondents and the associated factors to better understand which may have conditioned not having had the disease as guidance to help in the design of better public health strategies. This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in the Spanish general population in a representative sample of 1051 adults who completed an online survey in September 2022. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess which factors were related to reporting not having had COVID-19. Almost half of the respondents (47.8%) reported not having ever had COVID-19. Significant differences were found between people who reported having had and not having had COVID-19 according to sex, age, education level, employment and living with children. No-COVID-19 respondents had greater concern and less fear of the disease and were more worried about the new variants. After the multivariable analysis, factors associated with no-COVID-19 respondents were male sex (OR)=1.40; 95% (CI=1.07–1.82), older age (OR=1.01; 95% CI=1.01–1.03), having a greater perception of disease severity if infected (OR=4.71; 95% CI=2.97–7.47), greater adherence to preventive measures (OR=1.02; 95% CI=1.01–1.03), and having received a complete vaccination schedule and booster dose (OR=1.56; 95% CI=1.03–2.36). Analysing the characteristics of people reporting not having had COVID-19 can support public health decision-makers in designing better interventions and facilitating the implementation of effective prevention and control measures to prepare for and respond to a possible future pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Individuals and organizations frequently tout creative ideas as a desirable goal, and yet, creative ideas are frequently rejected. Creativity researchers have often suggested that creative ideas are rejected because they are perceived as riskier due to their inherent novelty or originality. Although this assumption is prevalent, we are unaware of any empirical research directly examining the relations between perceptions of novelty and risk. We provide an empirical test of this assumption in two studies in which participants rate the novelty, usefulness, and riskiness of ideas. Across both studies, we find consistent support for the idea that usefulness, rather than novelty, has the strongest relation with risk perceptions. We also find some evidence that novelty and usefulness interact to predict perceptions of risk. Additionally, in Study 2, we find that usefulness has the strongest relation with willingness to invest and buy a product. The findings of this study suggest that the bias against creativity may be driven by the perceived usefulness of an idea, rather than its novelty, such that ideas with lower usefulness are perceived to be riskier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

This study examines the factors of mobile banking adoption by 1162 bank customers during the Covid-19 pandemic. The data collection was analyzed using PLS-SEM with Smart PLS 4.0. This study extends the decomposed theory of planned behavior (DTPB) model by disease risk, trust, and a five-dimensional perceived risk. Based on the findings, disease risk, attitude, perceived behavior control, and trust influence customers' intention to use mobile banking, whereas subjective norm and perceived risk had little impact. Disease risk has the greatest influence indicating the danger posed by the pandemic in using cash as payment. As a result, banks must focus on mobile banking innovation tailored to customer needs, user-friendly, easier to navigate and enable banking services for daily use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

The amount of information about COVID-19 on social media influences a person's behavior. This study tried to analyze the role of social media use and emotions in risk perception and prevention behavior related to COVID-19. This study uses SEM to analyze the proposed research model, namely the Preventive Behavior Model. A total of 391 data were collected. The results showed that anxiety about social security, prediction of the spread of COVID-19, and increased exposure to COVID-19 information on social media have a positive effect on preventive behavior both directly and through negative emotions. This research provides advice as a form of awareness in maintaining preventive behavior so that the risk of transmission of COVID-19 can be suppressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

eCommerce platforms became a centre of attraction and being widely used by Malaysian when the Covid-19 pandemic hit the country. This forceful paradigm shift, however, had contributed generously to the GDP of the country. Sarawak being the largest state in Malaysia, is expected to contribute the highest Gross Domestic Product (GDP), however, this is not the case. Nonetheless, the Sarawak State Government had deployed the Sarawak Digital Economy Strategy 2018-2022 blueprint as one of their initiatives to position Sarawak as a high-income state. To boost Sarawak's Digital Economy, promoting and implementing eCommerce is crucial. Yet, the key challenge lies in ensuring full acceptance and adoption of this transformative approach by all stakeholders. Therefore, this research was carried out to offer valuable insights to the state government regarding the factors that influence the sustainability of current eCommerce platforms in Sarawak. The date collected from Sarawakians served as the foundation for this study. Data from 130 individuals residing in Sarawak was collected through e-survey, employing a quantitative research method. The findings indicate that the sustainability of an eCommerce platform in Sarawak is influenced by the extent to which it aids users in achieving their objectives. Additionally, the Sarawak community's awareness of the advantages and risks associated with using eCommerce platforms was identified as another factor impacting platform sustainability. In summary, this study highlights significant factors that can contribute to the development of Sarawak's Digital Economy. By identifying these variables, it provides valuable insights that can serve as a call to action for the state government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

While technology advancements are present in all parts of the agricultural sector, horticulture is particularly effected: horticulture has the highest need for manual labor and tasks are increasingly taken over by technology. The aim of our research is to explore and contrast farm managers' and employees' assessments of automation and digitalization in the horticultural sector. We collect data from 156 horticultural managers and 132 horticultural employees from Germany via an online survey. We focus on both groups, as farm managers are the decision-makers on investments and technology, but these decisions directly affect employees and their daily work. Overall, participating horticultural managers and employees view automation and digitalization mostly positive and both groups share similar views. Both groups view, on average, that automation and digitalization (i) is a solution to the ongoing skill shortage, (ii) can increase the control over production and data, (iii) effect current employees and their work positively (e.g., reduces stress and physical strain), (iv) change the industry image to the better, and (v) can reduce overall costs and increase productivity. However, both groups do also, on average, expect a shift towards large farms due to automation and digitalization and find acquisitions to be costly. Slight disagreements between the groups arise only in terms of one of the two groups expecting even clearer advantages from automation or digitalization. Our survey is the first to identify and contrast both managers and employees perception on the opportunities and risks of automation and digitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Revista FAMECOS - Mídia, Cultura e Tecnologia is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Background: Reducing cancer fatalism is essential because of its detrimental impact on cancer-related preventive behaviors. However, little is known about factors influencing individuals' cancer fatalism in China. Objective: With a general basis of the extended parallel process model, this study aims to examine how distinct cancer-related mental conditions (risk perception and worry) and different information behaviors (information seeking vs avoidance) become associated with cancer fatalism, with an additional assessment of the moderating effect of information usefulness. Methods: Data were drawn from the Health Information National Trends Survey in China, which was conducted in 2017 (N=2358). Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping methods were performed to test a moderated mediation model and hypothesized relationships. Results: The results showed that cancer risk perception and cancer worry were positively associated with online health information seeking. In addition, cancer worry was positively related to cancer information avoidance. Moreover, online health information seeking was found to reduce cancer fatalism, while cancer information avoidance was positively associated with cancer fatalism. The results also indicated that the perceived usefulness of cancer information moderated this dual-mediation pathway. Conclusions: The national survey data indicate that cancer mental conditions should not be treated as homogeneous entities, given their varying functions and effects. Apart from disseminating useful cancer information to encourage individuals to adaptively cope with cancer threats, we advocate for health communication programs to reduce cancer information avoidance to alleviate fatalistic beliefs about cancer prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Background: Health care organizations globally have seen a significant increase in the frequency of cyberattacks in recent years. Cyberattacks cause massive disruptions to health service delivery and directly impact patient safety through disruption and treatment delays. Given the increasing number of cyberattacks in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), there is a need to explore the interventions put in place to plan for cyberattacks and develop cyber resilience. Objective: This study aimed to describe cybersecurity interventions, defined as any intervention to improve cybersecurity in a health care organization, including but not limited to organizational strategy(ies); policy(ies); protocol(s), incident plan(s), or assessment process(es); framework(s) or guidelines; and emergency planning, implemented in LMICs to date and to evaluate their impact on the likelihood and impact of attacks. The secondary objective was to describe the main barriers and facilitators for the implementation of such interventions, where reported. Methods: A systematic search of the literature published between January 2017 and July 2024 was performed on Ovid Medline, Embase, Global Health, and Scopus using a combination of controlled terms and free text. A search of the gray literature within the same time parameters was undertaken on the websites of relevant stakeholder organizations to identify possible additional studies that met the inclusion criteria. Findings from included papers were mapped against the dimensions of the Essentials of Cybersecurity in Health Care Organizations (ECHO) framework and presented as a narrative synthesis. Results: We included 20 studies in this review. The sample size of the majority of studies (13/20, 65%) was 1 facility to 5 facilities, and the studies were conducted in 14 countries. Studies were categorized into the thematic dimensions of the ECHO framework, including context; governance; organizational strategy; risk management; awareness, education, and training; and technical capabilities. Few studies (6/20, 30%) discussed cybersecurity intervention(s) as the primary focus of the paper; therefore, information on intervention(s) implemented had to be deduced. There was no attempt to report on the impact and outcomes in all papers except one. Facilitators and barriers identified were grouped and presented across national or regional, organizational, and individual staff levels. Conclusions: This scoping review's findings highlight the limited body of research published on cybersecurity interventions implemented in health care organizations in LMICs and large heterogeneity across existing studies in interventions, research objectives, methods, and outcome measures used. Although complex and challenging, future research should specifically focus on the evaluation of cybersecurity interventions and their impact in order to build a robust evidence base to inform evidence-based policy and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Using a rapid response web-based survey, we identified gaps in public understanding of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's messaging about the pause in use of the Johnson & Johnson–Janssen COVID-19 vaccine and estimated changes in vaccine hesitancy using counterfactual questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Objective: To assess the level of oral cancer awareness and risk factors perception and the relationship between this awareness and the sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted among rural and urban residents in Lagos State, Nigeria. A multi-stage random sampling method was utilized. The sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of respondents, as well as their knowledge about oral cancer risk factors, were assessed with a validated questionnaire. The bivariate association was done using an independent t-test and one-way ANOVA. Multivariate regression was used to determine the association between predictor variables and oral cancer knowledge scores. The statistical significance level is set at p<0.05. Results: 590 participants between 18 and 82 years (mean age 34.5 ±13.7) completed the survey. The prevalence of cigarette smoking was 25.7%, of which 16 (1.5%) were heavy smokers (20+ cigarettes per day). The prevalence of alcohol consumption was 66.1%, with 57 (9.7%) being heavy drinkers, consuming drinks for 5-7 days of the week. A high proportion of the respondents (>60%) exhibited gaps in their knowledge of oral cancer. Uneducated participants had lower oral cancer knowledge than those with >12 years of formal education (aOR = 5.347; 95% CI: 4.987-6.240). Participants who were smokers had lower oral cancer knowledge compared with non-smokers (aOR = 3.341; 95% CI: 2.147-4.783); Participants who consumed alcohol had more deficient oral cancer knowledge compared with non-drinkers (aOR = 1.699; 95% CI: 1.087-2.655); While heavy smokers aOR = 4.023; 95% CI: 3.615-4.825) and heavy drinkers aOR = 4.331; 95% CI: 3.158-5.939) had lower oral cancer knowledge compared with those who did not abuse both substances. Conclusion: A high proportion of the respondents exhibited gaps in their knowledge of oral cancer in their responses. Delayed diagnosis of oral cancer can be reduced by increasing the awareness and knowledge of the populace about risk factors and also in the recognition of its signs and symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Alcance is the property of Universidade do Vale do Itajai and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...