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1,309 results on '"Peleg, A."'

5. The Time Burden of Office Visits in Contemporary Pituitary Care, 2016 to 2019.

Author

Dimitroyannis, Rose C., Cyberski, Thomas F., Kondamuri, Neil S., Polster, Sean P., Das, Paramita, Horowitz, Peleg M., and Roxbury, Christopher R.

Subjects
MEDICAL offices, PITUITARY tumors, ONE-way analysis of variance, ENDOCRINOLOGISTS, DATABASES, MEDICAL care costs, OTOLARYNGOLOGISTS
Abstract

Background: The concept of "time toxicity" has emerged to address the impact of time spent in the healthcare system; however, little work has examined the phenomenon in the field of otolaryngology. Objective: To validate the use of Evaluation and Management (E/M) current procedural terminology codes as a method to assess time burden and to pilot this tool to characterize the time toxicity of office visits associated with a diagnosis of pituitary adenoma between 2016 and 2019. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of outpatient office visits quantified differences between timestamps documenting visit length and their associated E/M code visit length. The IBM MarketScan database was queried to identify patients with a diagnosis of pituitary adenoma in 2016 and to analyze their new and return claims between 2016 and 2019. One-way ANOVA and two-sample t-tests were used to examine claim quantity, time in office, and yearly visit time. Results: In the validation study, estimated visit time via E/M codes and actual visit time were statistically different (P < 0.01), with E/M codes underestimating actual time spent in 79.0% of visits. In the MarketScan analysis, in 2016, 2099 patients received a primary diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. There were 8490 additional-related claims for this cohort from 2016 to 2019. The plurality of new office visits were with endocrinologists (n = 857; 29.3%). Total time spent in office decreased yearly, from a mean of 113 min (2016) to 69 min (2019) (P < 0.001). Conclusions: E/M codes underestimate the length of outpatient visits; therefore, time toxicity experienced by pituitary patients may be greater than reported. Further studies are needed to develop additional assessment tools for time toxicity and promote increased efficiency of care for patients with pituitary adenomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Serine 39 in the GTP‐binding domain of Drp1 is involved in shaping mitochondrial morphology.

Author

Ghani, Marvi, Szabó, Bernadett, Alkhatibe, Mahmoud, Amsalu, Hailemariam, Zohar, Peleg, Janka, Eszter Anna, Mótyán, János András, and Tar, Krisztina

Subjects
MITOCHONDRIA, MITOCHONDRIAL dynamics, CELL survival, MORPHOLOGY, AMINO acids, SERINE, POSTURE
Abstract

Continuous fusion and fission are critical for mitochondrial health. In this study, we further characterize the role played by dynamin‐related protein 1 (Drp1) in mitochondrial fission. We show that a single amino acid change in Drp1 at position 39 from serine to alanine (S39A) within the GTP‐binding (GTPase) domain results in a fused mitochondrial network in human SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of Ser‐616 and Ser‐637 of Drp1 remains unaffected by the S39A mutation, and mitochondrial bioenergetic profile and cell viability in the S39A mutant were comparable to those observed in the control. This leads us to propose that the serine 39 residue of Drp1 plays a crucial role in mitochondrial distribution through its involvement in the GTPase activity. Furthermore, this amino acid mutation leads to structural anomalies in the mitochondrial network. Taken together, our results contribute to a better understanding of the function of the Drp1 protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990–2021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050

Author

Naghavi, Mohsen, Vollset, Stein Emil, Ikuta, Kevin S, Swetschinski, Lucien R, Gray, Authia P, Wool, Eve E, Robles Aguilar, Gisela, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Smith, Georgia, Han, Chieh, Hsu, Rebecca L, Chalek, Julian, Araki, Daniel T, Chung, Erin, Raggi, Catalina, Gershberg Hayoon, Anna, Davis Weaver, Nicole, Lindstedt, Paulina A, Smith, Amanda E, Altay, Umut, Bhattacharjee, Natalia V, Giannakis, Konstantinos, Fell, Frederick, McManigal, Barney, Ekapirat, Nattwut, Mendes, Jessica Andretta, Runghien, Tilleye, Srimokla, Oraya, Abdelkader, Atef, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Usman, Abukhadijah, Hana J, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Achalapong, Sureerak, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agodi, Antonella, Ahlstrom, Austin J, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Ibrar, Ahmed, Mohammed, Ahmed, Saeed, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Al Awaidy, Salah, Al Thaher, Yazan, Alalalmeh, Samer O, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Aldhaleei, Wafa A, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Alhaji, Nma Bida, Ali, Abid, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Syed Shujait, Ali, Waad, Allel, Kasim, Al-Marwani, Sabah, Alrawashdeh, Ahmad, Altaf, Awais, Al-Tammemi, Alaa B., Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A, Alzoubi, Karem H, Al-Zyoud, Walid Adnan, Amos, Ben, Amuasi, John H, Ancuceanu, Robert, Andrews, Jason R, Anil, Abhishek, Anuoluwa, Iyadunni Adesola, Anvari, Saeid, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Apostol, Geminn Louis Carace, Arabloo, Jalal, Arafat, Mosab, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Areda, Demelash, Aremu, Abdulfatai, Artamonov, Anton A, Ashley, Elizabeth A, Asika, Marvellous O, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Awoke, Tewachew, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azam, James Mba, Aziz, Shahkaar, Azzam, Ahmed Y., Babaei, Mahsa, Babin, Francois-Xavier, Badar, Muhammad, Baig, Atif Amin, Bajcetic, Milica, Baker, Stephen, Bardhan, Mainak, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Basharat, Zarrin, Basiru, Afisu, Bastard, Mathieu, Basu, Saurav, Bayleyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja, Beloukas, Apostolos, Berkley, James A, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhuyan, Soumitra S, Bielicki, Julia A, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Brown, Colin Stewart, Browne, Annie J, Buonsenso, Danilo, Bustanji, Yasser, Carvalheiro, Cristina G, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Chadwick, Joshua, Chakraborty, Sandip, Chandika, Rama Mohan, Chandy, Sara, Chansamouth, Vilada, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaudhary, Anis Ahmad, Ching, Patrick R, Chopra, Hitesh, Chowdhury, Fazle Rabbi, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chutiyami, Muhammad, Cruz-Martins, Natalia, da Silva, Alanna Gomes, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Darcho, Samuel D, Das, Saswati, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, Dekker, Denise Myriam, Dhama, Kuldeep, Diaz, Daniel, Dickson, Benjamin Felix Rothschild, Djorie, Serge Ghislain, Dodangeh, Milad, Dohare, Sushil, Dokova, Klara Georgieva, Doshi, Ojas Prakashbhai, Dowou, Robert Kokou, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dunachie, Susanna J, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Eckmanns, Tim, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Eftekharimehrabad, Aziz, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Sayed, Iman, Elhadi, Muhammed, El-Huneidi, Waseem, Elias, Christelle, Ellis, Sally J, Elsheikh, Randa, Elsohaby, Ibrahim, Eltaha, Chadi, Eshrati, Babak, Eslami, Majid, Eyre, David William, Fadaka, Adewale Oluwaseun, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fahim, Ayesha, Fakhri-Demeshghieh, Aliasghar, Fasina, Folorunso Oludayo, Fasina, Modupe Margaret, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Feasey, Nicholas A, Feizkhah, Alireza, Fekadu, Ginenus, Fischer, Florian, Fitriana, Ida, Forrest, Karen M, Fortuna Rodrigues, Celia, Fuller, John E, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gajdács, Márió, Gandhi, Aravind P, Garcia-Gallo, Esteban E, Garrett, Denise O, Gautam, Rupesh K, Gebregergis, Miglas Welay, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Geffers, Christine, Georgalis, Leonidas, Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed, Golechha, Mahaveer, Golinelli, Davide, Gordon, Melita, Gulati, Snigdha, Gupta, Rajat Das, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Vijai Kumar, Habteyohannes, Awoke Derbie, Haller, Sebastian, Harapan, Harapan, Harrison, Michelle L, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Ikramul, Hasan, Rumina Syeda, Hasani, Hamidreza, Haselbeck, Andrea Haekyung, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Hassan, Ikrama Ibrahim, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Mahgol Sadat, Hayat, Khezar, He, Jiawei, Hegazi, Omar E, Heidari, Mohammad, Hezam, Kamal, Holla, Ramesh, Holm, Marianne, Hopkins, Heidi, Hossain, Md Mahbub, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hussein, Nawfal R, Huy, Le Duc, Ibáñez-Prada, Elsa D, Ikiroma, Adalia, Ilic, Irena M, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Ismail, Faisal, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iwu, Chidozie Declan, Iwu-Jaja, Chinwe Juliana, Jafarzadeh, Abdollah, Jaiteh, Fatoumatta, Jalilzadeh Yengejeh, Reza, Jamora, Roland Dominic G, Javidnia, Javad, Jawaid, Talha, Jenney, Adam W J, Jeon, Hyon Jin, Jokar, Mohammad, Jomehzadeh, Nabi, Joo, Tamas, Joseph, Nitin, Kamal, Zul, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kantar, Rami S, Kapisi, James Apollo, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalid, Nauman, Khamesipour, Faham, Khan, Ajmal, Khan, Mohammad Jobair, Khan, Muhammad Tariq, Khanal, Vishnu, Khidri, Feriha Fatima, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Khusuwan, Suwimon, Kim, Min Seo, Kisa, Adnan, Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Krapp, Fiorella, Krumkamp, Ralf, Kuddus, Mohammed, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kumar, Dewesh, Kumaran, Emmanuelle A P, Kuttikkattu, Ambily, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Landires, Iván, Lawal, Basira Kankia, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Lederer, Ingeborg Maria, Lee, Munjae, Lee, Seung Won, Lepape, Alain, Lerango, Temesgen Leka, Ligade, Virendra S, Lim, Cherry, Lim, Stephen S, Limenh, Liknaw Workie, Liu, Chaojie, Liu, Xiaofeng, Liu, Xuefeng, Loftus, Michael J, M Amin, Hawraz Ibrahim, Maass, Kelsey Lynn, Maharaj, Sandeep B, Mahmoud, Mansour Adam, Maikanti-Charalampous, Panagiota, Makram, Omar M, Malhotra, Kashish, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Mandilara, Georgia D, Marks, Florian, Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo Alfonso, Martorell, Miquel, Masoumi-Asl, Hossein, Mathioudakis, Alexander G, May, Juergen, McHugh, Theresa A, Meiring, James, Meles, Hadush Negash, Melese, Addisu, Melese, Endalkachew Belayneh, Minervini, Giuseppe, Mohamed, Nouh Saad, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Syam, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moodi Ghalibaf, AmirAli, Moore, Catrin E, Moradi, Yousef, Mossialos, Elias, Mougin, Vincent, Mukoro, George Duke, Mulita, Francesk, Muller-Pebody, Berit, Murillo-Zamora, Efren, Musa, Sani, Musicha, Patrick, Musila, Lillian A, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Pirouz, Nainu, Firzan, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Najmuldeen, Hastyar Hama Rashid, Natto, Zuhair S, Nauman, Javaid, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nchanji, G Takop, Ndishimye, Pacifique, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Nguyen, QuynhAnh P, Noman, Efaq Ali, Nwakanma, Davis C, O'Brien, Seamus, Ochoa, Theresa J, Odetokun, Ismail A, Ogundijo, Oluwaseun Adeolu, Ojo-Akosile, Tolulope R, Okeke, Sylvester Reuben, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olivas-Martinez, Antonio, Olorukooba, Abdulhakeem Abayomi, Olwoch, Peter, Onyedibe, Kenneth Ikenna, Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar, Osuolale, Olayinka, Ounchanum, Pradthana, Oyeyemi, Oyetunde T, P A, Mahesh Padukudru, Paredes, Jose L, Parikh, Romil R, Patel, Jay, Patil, Shankargouda, Pawar, Shrikant, Peleg, Anton Y, Peprah, Prince, Perdigão, João, Perrone, Carlo, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Phommasone, Koukeo, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, Poddighe, Dimitri, Pollard, Andrew J, Poluru, Ramesh, Ponce-De-Leon, Alfredo, Puvvula, Jagadeesh, Qamar, Farah Naz, Qasim, Nameer Hashim, Rafai, Clotaire Donatien, Raghav, Pankaja, Rahbarnia, Leila, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Ramadan, Hazem, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ramesh, Pushkal Sinduvadi, Ramteke, Pramod W, Rana, Rishabh Kumar, Rani, Usha, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rathish, Devarajan, Rattanavong, Sayaphet, Rawaf, Salman, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reyes, Luis Felipe, Roberts, Tamalee, Robotham, Julie V, Rosenthal, Victor Daniel, Ross, Allen Guy, Roy, Nitai, Rudd, Kristina E, Sabet, Cameron John, Saddik, Basema Ahmad, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, Saengchan, Weeravoot, Safaei, Mohsen, Saghazadeh, Amene, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Sahu, Maitreyi, Saki, Morteza, Salam, Nasir, Saleem, Zikria, Saleh, Mohamed A, Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo, Samy, Abdallah M, Saravanan, Aswini, Satpathy, Maheswar, Schumacher, Austin E, Sedighi, Mansour, Seekaew, Samroeng, Shafie, Mahan, Shah, Pritik A, Shahid, Samiah, Shahwan, Moyad Jamal, Shakoor, Sadia, Shalev, Noga, Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib, Shamshirgaran, Mohammad Ali, Shamsi, Anas, Sharifan, Amin, Shastry, Rajesh P, Shetty, Mahabalesh, Shittu, Aminu, Shrestha, Sunil, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Sideroglou, Theologia, Sifuentes-Osornio, Jose, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Simões, Eric A F, Simpson, Andrew J H, Singh, Amit, Singh, Surjit, Sinto, Robert, Soliman, Sameh S M, Soraneh, Soroush, Stoesser, Nicole, Stoeva, Temenuga Zhekova, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Szarpak, Lukasz, T Y, Sree Sudha, Tabatabai, Shima, Tabche, Celine, Taha, Zanan Mohammed-Ameen, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tasak, Nidanuch, Tat, Nathan Y, Thaiprakong, Areerat, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Tigoi, Caroline Chepngeno, Tiwari, Krishna, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Thang Huu, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Turner, Paul, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Noor, Ullah, Saeed, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Valenti, Mario, Vos, Theo, Vu, Huong T L, Waheed, Yasir, Walker, Ann Sarah, Walson, Judd L, Wangrangsimakul, Tri, Weerakoon, Kosala Gayan, Wertheim, Heiman F L, Williams, Phoebe C M, Wolde, Asrat Arja, Wozniak, Teresa M, Wu, Felicia, Wu, Zenghong, Yadav, Mukesh Kumar Kumar, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yahaya, Zwanden Sule, Yarahmadi, Amir, Yezli, Saber, Yismaw, Yazachew Engida, Yon, Dong Keon, Yuan, Chun-Wei, Yusuf, Hadiza, Zakham, Fathiah, Zamagni, Giulia, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zyoud, Sa'ed H. H, Zyoud, Samer H, Hay, Simon I, Stergachis, Andy, Sartorius, Benn, Cooper, Ben S, Dolecek, Christiane, and Murray, Christopher J L

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses an important global health challenge in the 21st century. A previous study has quantified the global and regional burden of AMR for 2019, followed with additional publications that provided more detailed estimates for several WHO regions by country. To date, there have been no studies that produce comprehensive estimates of AMR burden across locations that encompass historical trends and future forecasts.

Published
2024
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8. Tracking Disordered Extracellular Domains of Membrane Proteins in the Cell with Cu(II)-Based Spin Labels

Author

Meron, Shelly, Peleg, Shahaf, Shenberger, Yulia, Hofmann, Lukas, Gevorkyan-Airapetov, Lada, and Ruthstein, Sharon

Abstract

In-cellelectron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy experiments provide high-resolution data about conformational changes of proteins within the cell. However, one of the limitations of EPR is the requisite of stable paramagnetic centers in a reducing environment. We recently showed that histidine-rich sites in proteins hold a high affinity to Cu(II) ions complexed with a chelator. Using a chelator prevents the reduction of Cu(II) ions. Moreover, this spin-labeling methodology can be performed within the native cellular environment on any overexpressed protein without protein purification and delivery to the cell. Herein, we use this novel methodology to gain spatial information on the extracellular domain of the human copper transporter, hCtr1. Limited structural information on the transmembrane domain of the human Ctr1 (hCtr1) was obtained using X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM. However, these structures are missing information on the disordered extracellular domains of hCtr1. Extracellular domains are sensing or interacting with the environment outside of the cell and therefore play an essential role in any transmembrane protein. Especially in hCtr1, the extracellular domain functions as a gating mechanism for copper ions. Here, we performed EPR experiments revealing structural information about the extracellular N-terminal domain of the full-length hCtr1 in vitro and in situ in insect cells and cell membrane fragments. The comparison revealed that the extracellular domains of the in situ and native membrane hCtr1 are further apart than the structure of the purified protein. These method-related differences highlight the significance of studying membrane proteins in their native environment.

Published
2024
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9. Orexin neurons mediate temptation-resistant voluntary exercise

Author

Tesmer, Alexander L., Li, Xinyang, Bracey, Eva, Schmandt, Cyra, Polania, Rafael, Peleg-Raibstein, Daria, and Burdakov, Denis

Abstract

Despite the well-known health benefits of physical activity, many people underexercise; what drives the prioritization of exercise over alternative options is unclear. We developed a task that enabled us to study how mice freely and rapidly alternate between wheel running and other voluntary activities, such as eating palatable food. When multiple alternatives were available, mice chose to spend a substantial amount of time wheel running without any extrinsic reward and maintained this behavior even when palatable food was added as an option. Causal manipulations and correlative analyses of appetitive and consummatory processes revealed this preference for wheel running to be instantiated by hypothalamic hypocretin/orexin neurons (HONs). The effect of HON manipulations on wheel running and eating was strongly context-dependent, being the largest in the scenario where both options were available. Overall, these data suggest that HON activity enables an eat–run arbitration that results in choosing exercise over food.

Published
2024
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10. The Time Burden of Office Visits in Contemporary Pituitary Care, 2016 to 2019

Author

Dimitroyannis, Rose C., Cyberski, Thomas F., Kondamuri, Neil S., Polster, Sean P., Das, Paramita, Horowitz, Peleg M., and Roxbury, Christopher R.

Abstract

Background The concept of “time toxicity” has emerged to address the impact of time spent in the healthcare system; however, little work has examined the phenomenon in the field of otolaryngology.Objective To validate the use of Evaluation and Management (E/M) current procedural terminology codes as a method to assess time burden and to pilot this tool to characterize the time toxicity of office visits associated with a diagnosis of pituitary adenoma between 2016 and 2019.Methods A retrospective cohort study of outpatient office visits quantified differences between timestamps documenting visit length and their associated E/M code visit length. The IBM MarketScan database was queried to identify patients with a diagnosis of pituitary adenoma in 2016 and to analyze their new and return claims between 2016 and 2019. One-way ANOVA and two-sample t-tests were used to examine claim quantity, time in office, and yearly visit time.Results In the validation study, estimated visit time via E/M codes and actual visit time were statistically different (P< 0.01), with E/M codes underestimating actual time spent in 79.0% of visits. In the MarketScan analysis, in 2016, 2099 patients received a primary diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. There were 8490 additional-related claims for this cohort from 2016 to 2019. The plurality of new office visits were with endocrinologists (n = 857; 29.3%). Total time spent in office decreased yearly, from a mean of 113 min (2016) to 69 min (2019) (P< 0.001).Conclusions E/M codes underestimate the length of outpatient visits; therefore, time toxicity experienced by pituitary patients may be greater than reported. Further studies are needed to develop additional assessment tools for time toxicity and promote increased efficiency of care for patients with pituitary adenomas.

Published
2024
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12. Botulinum Toxin-Induced Parotitis: A Postoperative Complication Following Masseter Muscle Injection.

Author

Grinberg, Nadav, Whitefield, Sara, Kleinman, Shlomi, Frenkel, Gal, and Peleg, Oren

Abstract

Botulinum toxin (BTX) injection is a common treatment for bruxism, but there is no literature on potential salivary gland complications. This paper presents a case of acute parotitis in a 60-year-old female following BTX injections to the masseter muscle. This case highlights the possible salivary gland complications after injection of BTX into the masticatory muscles. An electronic search of PubMed and Embase databases was conducted to create a literature review in order to delve into the etiology behind the presented case and suggest potential preventive measures to avoid salivary gland complications. Thirty-one articles are reviewed and discussed. Currently, there is no consensus on the causes of the mentioned complication. However, various factors have been proposed, encompassing anatomical, physiological, biological, and physical aspects. Several methods have been recommended for the safe injection of BTX, which, along with better medical training and knowledge, are warranted to achieve predictable results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Genomic investigation of multispecies and multivariant blaNDMoutbreak reveals key role of horizontal plasmid transmission

Author

Macesic, Nenad, Dennis, Adelaide, Hawkey, Jane, Vezina, Ben, Wisniewski, Jessica A., Cottingham, Hugh, Blakeway, Luke V., Harshegyi, Taylor, Pragastis, Katherine, Badoordeen, Gnei Zweena, Bass, Pauline, Stewardson, Andrew J., Dennison, Amanda, Spelman, Denis W., Jenney, Adam W.J., and Peleg, Anton Y.

Abstract

AbstractObjectives:New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases (NDMs) are major contributors to the spread of carbapenem resistance globally. In Australia, NDMs were previously associated with international travel, but from 2019 we noted increasing incidence of NDM-positive clinical isolates. We investigated the clinical and genomic epidemiology of NDM carriage at a tertiary-care Australian hospital from 2016 to 2021.Methods:We identified 49 patients with 84 NDM-carrying isolates in an institutional database, and we collected clinical data from electronic medical record. Short- and long-read whole genome sequencing was performed on all isolates. Completed genome assemblies were used to assess the genetic setting of blaNDMgenes and to compare NDM plasmids.Results:Of 49 patients, 38 (78%) were identified in 2019–2021 and only 11 (29%) of 38 reported prior travel, compared with 9 (82%) of 11 in 2016–2018 (P =.037). In patients with NDM infection, the crude 7-day mortality rate was 0% and the 30-day mortality rate was 14% (2 of 14 patients). NDMs were noted in 41 bacterial strains (ie, species and sequence type combinations). Across 13 plasmid groups, 4 NDM variants were detected: blaNDM-1, blaNDM-4, blaNDM-5, and blaNDM-7. We noted a change from a diverse NDM plasmid repertoire in 2016–2018 to the emergence of conserved blaNDM-1IncN and blaNDM-7IncX3 epidemic plasmids, with interstrain spread in 2019–2021. These plasmids were noted in 19 (50%) of 38 patients and 35 (51%) of 68 genomes in 2019–2021.Conclusions:Increased NDM case numbers were due to local circulation of 2 epidemic plasmids with extensive interstrain transfer. Our findings underscore the challenges of outbreak detection when horizontal transmission of plasmids is the primary mode of spread.

Published
2024
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19. Conspicuous Construction: New Light on Funerary Monuments in Rural Early Roman Judea from Horvat Midras

Author

Gardner, Gregg E. and Peleg-Barkat, Orit

Abstract

This paper discusses the growing trend in Late Hellenistic- and Early Roman-era Judea (ca. 200 b.c.e.–70 c.e.) for constructing “display tombs”—funerary architecture designed to achieve maximum visibility and project the status of the individual or family who financed the construction, not just in the cities, but also in the countryside. It uses the case study of the recently excavated pyramidal tomb marker at Horvat Midras (Israel), an affluent village, located on the border of Idumea and Judea about 30 km southwest of Jerusalem in the Judean Foothills. After a detailed discussion of the new finds, it is placed within the material and broader socioeconomic contexts of rural Judea in these periods. As will be shown, this monument’s architectural style, location, and other attributes enhance our understanding of monumental funerary architecture in rural settings, adds new archaeological data to often-overlooked rural areas, and contributes to a better understanding of socioeconomic elites in rural Judea at this time.

Published
2024
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22. Antimicrobial therapy in the management of odontogenic infections: the penicillin-allergic patient.

Author

Mahmoud, R., Arbel, S., Ianculovici, C., Peleg, O., Kleinman, S., and Shuster, A.

Subjects
TREATMENT failure, CLINDAMYCIN, MEDICAL records, INFECTION
Abstract

This retrospective analysis was performed to investigate whether clindamycin remains the preferred antibiotic for penicillin-allergic patients with odontogenic infections. The medical records of 311 patients admitted to the study department with odontogenic infections between 2018 and 2022 and treated with either intravenous amoxicillin–clavulanic acid (Augmentin) or intravenous clindamycin were analyzed. The Augmentin-treated group included 268 patients (86.2%) and the clindamycin-treated group included 43 patients (13.8%). Severity parameters did not differ significantly between the two groups, except for a higher prevalence of abscesses in the clindamycin-treated group (58.1% vs 41.0% in the Augmentin-treated group; P = 0.035). The clindamycin-treated group required a longer duration of intravenous antibiotics (P = 0.001) and had a higher rate of treatment failure (14.0% vs 2.2%; P = 0.002) when compared to the Augmentin-treated group, with a seven-fold increased risk of treatment failure. Moreover, significantly more isolated organisms in the clindamycin-treated group were resistant to clindamycin (P = 0.015); these were all Streptococcus anginosus group. Given the higher risk of treatment failure with clindamycin, it is necessary to choose the antibiotic treatment for penicillin-allergic patients carefully. A detailed history and allergy testing followed by combination therapy is recommended, especially in severe cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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23. Dysplasia detection rates under a surveillance program in a tertiary referral center for inflammatory bowel diseases: Real-world data.

Author

Snir, Yifat, Ollech, Jacob E, Peleg, Noam, Avni-Biron, Irit, Eran-Banai, Hagar, Broitman, Yelena, Sharar-Fischler, Tali, Goren, Idan, Levi, Zohar, Dotan, Iris, and Yanai, Henit

Abstract

Surveillance colonoscopies are crucial for high-risk patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) to detect colorectal carcinoma (CRC). However, there is no established quality metric for dysplasia detection rate (DDR) in IBD surveillance. This study assessed the DDR in a dedicated surveillance program at a tertiary referral center for IBD. Consecutive patients with quiescent colitis were enrolled in a cross-sectional study evaluating DDR. High-definition colonoscopy with dye chromoendoscopy (DCE) was performed by a specialized operator. Advanced dysplasia (AD) was defined as low-grade dysplasia ≥ 10 mm, high-grade dysplasia, or colorectal cancer. Risk factors for dysplasia detection were analyzed. In total, 119 patients underwent 151 procedures, identifying 206 lesions, of which 40 dysplastic with seven AD. Per-lesion and per-procedure DDR were 19.4 % and 20.5 %, respectively. The per-procedure AD detection rate (ADDR) was 4.6 %. A Kudo pit pattern of II-V had a sensitivity of 92.5 % for dysplasia detection but a false positive rate of 64.8 % (p < 0.001). Age at diagnosis and at index colonoscopy and past or indefinite dysplasia were associated with per-procedure dysplasia detection. In a real-world setting, a dedicated surveillance program achieved a high DDR. We suggest that optimal DDR in high-risk IBD patients be defined and implemented as a standardized quality measure for surveillance programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. Liver Disease–Associated Glomerulopathies

Author

Kanduri, Swetha R., Peleg, Yonatan, and Wadhwani, Shikha

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infect a significant number of individuals globally and their extra-hepatic manifestations, including glomerular disease, are well established. Additionally, liver disease–associated IgA nephropathy is the leading cause of secondary IgA nephropathy with disease course varying from asymptomatic urinary abnormalities to progressive kidney injury. Herein we provide an updated review on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of HBV- and HCV-related glomerulonephritis as well as IgA nephropathy in patients with liver disease. The most common HBV-related glomerulonephritis is membranous nephropathy, although membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and podocytopathies have been described. The best described HCV-related glomerulonephritis is cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis occurring in about 30% of patients with mixed cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. The mainstay of treatment for HBV-GN and HCV-GN is antiviral therapy, with significant improvement in outcomes since the emergence of the direct-acting antivirals. However, cases with severe pathology and/or a more aggressive disease trajectory can be offered a course of immunosuppression, commonly anti-CD20 therapy, particularly in the case of cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis.

Published
2024
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28. Effect of Secukinumab and Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors on Humoral Response to BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine in Patients With Spondyloarthritis Compared to Immunocompetent Controls

Author

Eviatar, Tali, Furer, Victoria, Polachek, Ari, Zisman, Devy, Peleg, Hagit, Elalouf, Ofir, Levartovsky, David, Kaufman, Ilana, Broyde, Adi, Haddad, Amir, Feld, Joy, Aassi, Maher, Quebe-Fehling, Erhard, Alarcon, Ivette, Pel, Sara, Paran, Daphna, and Elkayam, Ori

Abstract

ObjectiveTo assess the humoral response to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine among patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) receiving secukinumab (SEC) compared to those receiving tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) and immunocompetent controls.MethodsConsecutive patients with psoriatic arthritis or axial SpA receiving SEC (n = 37) or TNFi (monotherapy, n = 109; + methotrexate [MTX], n = 16), immunocompetent controls (n = 122), and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving TNFi therapy (controls, n = 50) were vaccinated with 2 or 3 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine. We evaluated humoral response, adverse events, and disease activity, and monitored for breakthrough coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) postvaccination.ResultsThe 2-dose vaccine regimen induced a comparable seropositive response in all study groups. S1/S2 antibody titers (in binding antibody units/mL; mean [SD]) were higher in the SEC group vs the TNFi + MTX–SpA and TNFi-RA groups (192.5 [68.4] vs 104.6 [46.9], P< 0.001, and 143.1 [81.9], P= 0.004). After 6 months, 96.3%, 96.6%, and 80.9% of the SEC, immunocompetent, and TNFi monotherapy-SpA groups (P= 0.10), respectively; 66.7% of the TNFi + MTX–SpA group (P= 0.03); and 63% of the TNFi-RA group (P= 0.004) remained seropositive. S1/S2 antibody titer decline was steeper in the TNFi groups than the SEC group. After the third dose, 100% of the SpA and immunocompetent and 88.9% of the TNFi-RA (P= 0.25) groups were seropositive. Rate of breakthrough COVID-19 infection was higher in the TNFi groups than in the SEC group (36-37.5% vs 10.8%). No significant between-group differences were observed for postvaccination disease activity and adverse events.ConclusionSEC did not interfere with the immunogenic response to BNT162b2 vaccine in patients with SpA; however, TNFi therapy was associated with lower S1/S2-antibody titers, faster decline, and higher rate of breakthrough infections.

Published
2024
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29. Acetabular orientation variability and symmetry based on CT scans of adults

Author

Lubovsky, Omri, Peleg, Eran, Joskowicz, Leo, Liebergall, Meir, and Khoury, Amal

Abstract

Abstract: Purpose: Understanding acetabular orientation is important in many orthopaedic procedures. Acetabular orientation, usually described by anteversion and abduction angles, has uncertain measurement variability in adult patients. The goals of this study are threefold: (1) to describe a new method for computing patient-specific abduction/anteversion angles from a single CT study based on the identification of anatomical landmarks and acetabular rim points; (2) to quantify the inaccuracies associated with landmark selection in computing the acetabular angles; and (3) to quantify the variability and symmetry of acetabular orientation. Methods: A total of 25 CT studies from adult patients scanned for non-orthopaedic indications were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were randomly selected from the hospital’s database. Inclusion criteria were adults 20–65 years of age. Acetabular landmark coordinates were identified by expert observers and tabulated in a spreadsheet. Two sets of calculations were done using the data: (1) computation of the abduction and anteversion for each patient, and (2) evaluation of the variability of measurements in the same individual by the same surgeon. The results were tabulated and summary statistics computed. Results: This retrospective study showed that acetabular abduction and anteversion angles averaged 54° and 17°, respectively, in adults. A clinically significant intra-patient variability of >20° was found. We also found that the right and left side rim plane orientation were significantly correlated, but were not always symmetric. Conclusion: A new method of computing patient-specific abduction and anteversion angles from a CT study of the anterior pelvic plane and the left and right acetabular rim planes was reliable and accurate. We found that the acetabular rim plane can be reliably and accurately computed from identified points on the rim. The novelty of this work is that angular measurements are performed between planes on a 3-D model rather than lines on 2-D projections, as was done in the past.

Published
2024
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30. Titan mice as a model to test interventions that attenuate frailty and increase longevity

Author

Gille, Benedikt, Müller-Eigner, Annika, Gottschalk, Shari, Wytrwat, Erika, Langhammer, Martina, and Peleg, Shahaf

Abstract

Wild-type murine models for aging research have lifespans of several years, which results in long experimental duration and late output. Here we explore the short-lived non-inbred Titan mouse (DU6) as a mouse model to test longevity interventions. We show that Titan mice exhibit increased frailty and senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity at an early age. Dietary intervention attenuates the frailty progression of Titan mice. Additionally, cyclic administration of the senolytic drug Navitoclax at an early age increases the lifespan and reduces senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity. Our data suggests that Titan mice can serve as a cost-effective and timely model for longevity interventions in mammals.

Published
2024
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31. Orexin neurons track temporal features of blood glucose in behaving mice

Author

Viskaitis, Paulius, Tesmer, Alexander L., Liu, Ziyu, Karnani, Mahesh M., Arnold, Myrtha, Donegan, Dane, Bracey, Eva, Grujic, Nikola, Patriarchi, Tommaso, Peleg-Raibstein, Daria, and Burdakov, Denis

Abstract

Does the brain track how fast our blood glucose is changing? Knowing such a rate of change would enable the prediction of an upcoming state and a timelier response to this new state. Hypothalamic arousal-orchestrating hypocretin/orexin neurons (HONs) have been proposed to be glucose sensors, yet whether they track glucose concentration (proportional tracking) or rate of change (derivative tracking) is unknown. Using simultaneous recordings of HONs and blood glucose in behaving male mice, we found that maximal HON responses occur in considerable temporal anticipation (minutes) of glucose peaks due to derivative tracking. Analysis of >900 individual HONs revealed glucose tracking in most HONs (98%), with derivative and proportional trackers working in parallel, and many (65%) HONs multiplexed glucose and locomotion information. Finally, we found that HON activity is important for glucose-evoked locomotor suppression. These findings reveal a temporal dimension of brain glucose sensing and link neurobiological and algorithmic views of blood glucose perception in the brain’s arousal orchestrators.

Published
2024
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32. Multi-focal dysplasia is associated with high recurrence rates after successful ablation of dysplastic Barrett's esophagus.

Author

Sapoznikov, Boris, Fisch, George, Shamah, Steven, Shinhar, Nadav, Benjaminov, Fabiana, Levi, Zohar, and Peleg, Noam

Abstract

Barrett's esophagus (BE) might recur after complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia (CEIM). We investigated factors associated with recurrence of BE after successful Radiofrequency ablation (RFA). A longitudinal study of BE patients with dysplasia treated with RFA from 2014 to 2021 in two large referral centers. Recurrence was identified in histologic specimens. Factors associated with post-RFA recurrence were analyzed using Cox regression analysis. A total of 728 patients with BE were identified, 118 had underwent RFA, and 113 had sufficient follow up time. Mean age was 63.7 (±11.7) years, 73.5% were males, 59.3% had long segment of BE, and 30.1% had multifocal dysplasia. During 340.8 patient-years of follow-up, 15 patients (13.3%) had recurrence of BE, which represent an incidence rate of 4.41% per patient-year. Incidence rate of recurrence with dysplasia was 1.17% per patient-year. Multifocal dysplasia, number of RFA sessions, and endoscopic resection before RFA were associated with risk of recurrence in univariate analysis. However, in cox regression analysis only multifocal dysplasia (HR 10.99; 95% CI 2.83–22.62, p = 0.001) was associated with post-RFA recurrence. Total recurrence rates after CEIM are low, and multifocal dysplasia before the ablative therapy is significantly associated with BE recurrence after CEIM. Patients with multifocal dysplasia should be monitored rigorously after successful ablation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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33. POST OR PROSECUTE? FACEBOOK, THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM AND SEXUAL ASSAULT VICTIMS' NEEDS.

Author

Dancig-Rosenberg, Hadar, Rosenberg, Roy, and Peleg, Anat

Subjects
SOCIAL media, SEXUAL assault, CRIME victims, CRIMINAL justice system
Abstract

In recent years, social media have become a dominant arena for sexual assault victims to participate in the discourse on sexual violence and the social response to it. This collaborative discourse space allows victims of sexual assault to reveal their stories of victimization and stimulate public discourse about the (dys)function of the criminal justice system. This Article explores empirically, for the first time, how sexual assault victims who participated in the online discourse on Facebook about sexual assault perceived the capacity of social media to meet their needs compared to that of the criminal justice system. Findings are based on 499 responses to an online survey circulated on Israeli Facebook pages in 2016, the year before the launch of the #MeToo movement. The survey asked respondents to rank the subjective relative importance of eighteen potential therapeutic, criminal justice-related, personal, and social needs of sexual assault victims. It also asked respondents whether Facebook and the criminal justice system have the potential capacity to address each of the eighteen needs. Findings show that, generally, the level of appreciation of the criminal justice system was low and that it was perceived as unable to adequately address any of their needs. Its capacity to address therapeutic needs was perceived as lowest, but respondents reported that the criminal justice system was incapable of addressing even needs that are at the heart of the criminal justice enterprise and directly relate to its formal goals, such as incapacitation, deterrence, and severe punishment. By contrast, most respondents perceived Facebook as capable of providing adequate responses to therapeutic needs. Comparison of the scores achieved by each mechanism shows that the perceived capacity of Facebook to address victims' needs was valued higher than that of the criminal justice system in thirteen of eighteen needs, most of them therapeutic. The only needs that the criminal justice system was perceived to address better than Facebook were those associated with the assailants' accountability. We also checked whether social media and the criminal justice system substitute or complement each other and found a moderate level of complementarity between them. Overall, the perceived weighted capacity of Facebook to address the needs of victims was more than twice that of the criminal justice system. The gaps in how victims appreciated the different ways in which the two mechanisms met their needs shed light on the forces underlying the #MeToo movement. Findings also reveal that neither channel can fully address the needs of sexual assault victims. Each mechanism appears to meet some needs better than the other and to have its relative limitations. Victims deserve more than one path available to justice. Our findings show that instead of renouncing the criminal justice system as a relevant arena where victims can seek justice, we should reexamine how to improve its performance for victims by learning some lessons from social media platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

35. Real-Time Artificial Intelligence--Based Guidance of Echocardiographic Imaging by Novices: Image Quality and Suitability for Diagnostic Interpretation and Quantitative Analysis.

Author

Mor-Avi, Victor, Khandheria, Bijoy, Klempfner, Robert, Cotella, Juan I., Moreno, Merav, Ignatowski, Denise, Guile, Brittney, Hayes, Hailee J., Hipke, Kyle, Kaminski, Abigail, Spiegelstein, Dan, Avisar, Noa, Kezurer, Itay, Mazursky, Asaf, Handel, Ran, Peleg, Yotam, Avraham, Shir, Ludomirsky, Achiau, and Lang, Roberto M.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We aimed to assess in a prospective multicenter study the quality of echocardiographic exams performed by inexperienced users guided by a new artificial intelligence software and evaluate their suitability for diagnostic interpretation of basic cardiac pathology and quantitative analysis of cardiac chamber and function. METHODS: The software (UltraSight, Ltd) was embedded into a handheld imaging device (Lumify; Philips). Six nurses and 3 medical residents, who underwent minimal training, scanned 240 patients (61±16 years; 63% with cardiac pathology) in 10 standard views. All patients were also scanned by expert sonographers using the same device without artificial intelligence guidance. Studies were reviewed by 5 certified echocardiographers blinded to the imager's identity, who evaluated the ability to assess left and right ventricular size and function, pericardial effusion, valve morphology, and left atrial and inferior vena cava sizes. Finally, apical 4-chamber images of adequate quality, acquired by novices and sonographers in 100 patients, were analyzed to measure left ventricular volumes, ejection fraction, and global longitudinal strain by an expert reader using conventional methodology. Measurements were compared between novices' and experts' images. RESULTS: Of the 240 studies acquired by novices, 99.2%, 99.6%, 92.9%, and 100% had sufficient quality to assess left ventricular size and function, right ventricular size, and pericardial effusion, respectively. Valve morphology, right ventricular function, and left atrial and inferior vena cava size were visualized in 67% to 98% exams. Images obtained by novices and sonographers yielded concordant diagnostic interpretation in 83% to 96% studies. Quantitative analysis was feasible in 83% images acquired by novices and resulted in high correlations (r≥0.74) and small biases, compared with those obtained by sonographers. CONCLUSIONS: After minimal training with the real-time guidance software, novice users can acquire images of diagnostic quality approaching that of expert sonographers in most patients. This technology may increase adoption and improve accuracy of point-of-care cardiac ultrasound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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36. Long‐term marine protection enhances kelp forest ecosystem stability.

Author

Peleg, Ohad, Blain, Caitlin O., and Shears, Nick T.

Subjects
MARINE resources conservation, ECOSYSTEMS, MARINE parks & reserves, KELPS, PREDATION, MACROCYSTIS
Abstract

Trophic downgrading destabilizes ecosystems and can drive large‐scale shifts in ecosystem state. While restoring predatory interactions in marine reserves can reverse anthropogenic‐driven shifts, empirical evidence of increased ecosystem stability and persistence in the presence of predators is scant. We compared temporal variation in rocky reef ecosystem state in New Zealand's oldest marine reserve to nearby fished reefs to examine whether protection of predators led to more persistent and stable reef ecosystem states in the marine reserve. Contrasting ecosystem states were found between reserve and fished sites, and this persisted over the 22‐year study period. Fished sites were predominantly urchin barrens but occasionally fluctuated to short‐lived turfs and mixed algal forests, while reserve sites displayed unidirectional successional trajectories toward stable kelp forests (Ecklonia radiata) taking up to three decades following protection. This provides empirical evidence that long‐term protection of predators facilitates kelp forest recovery, resists shifts to denuded alternate states, and enhances kelp forest stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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37. Higher Education Student Satisfaction and Success in Online Learning: An Ecological Perspective.

Author

Masry-Herzallah, Asmahan and Dor-Haim, Peleg

Subjects
STUDENT attitudes, EDUCATION students, ONLINE education, JEWISH students, LEARNING
Abstract

This study examined Jewish and Arab graduate students' satisfaction and success in an asynchronous online course (OC) in Israel, analyzing the correlations between student characteristics/background, design features and learning outcomes. Guided by Bronfenbrener's ecological model, the study employed quantitative and qualitative approaches. 174 students studying for master's degrees in education at a college in central Israel participated in the research, responding to a specially constructed online questionnaire as well as 12 semi- structured interviews. Additionally, the grades received by the students for their course assignments were analysed. Quantitative data analysis found: 1. Students' technological self-efficacy (TSE) predicts a correlation between intrinsic motivation and OC satisfaction. 2. The variables that predict the students' satisfaction with the OC: positive perception of the course assignments as understandable and useful; effectiveness of the learning process and good quality of communication with the lecturer. 3. The sector variable (Arab / Jewish) was found to moderate the correlation of the Jewish students' (JS) and Arab students' (AS) final grades with a contribution from various means of learning. Thus, when AS felt that they received a contribution from the use of more learning means, they achieved higher grades. The AS found it difficult to adapt to the independent learning style needed for the OC. Qualitative data, gathered from the open-ended questions and interviews with the students' were triangulated, reinforcing findings and explaining the quantitative data. Findings revealed three categories described the differences in satisfaction between the JS and AS throughout the course: Learners' attitude toward a course built from assignments, learning independently, Contacting the lecturer for assistance. Theoretical and practical implications are noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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38. Parental Self-Efficacy Among Israeli Older Adults

Author

Kestler–Peleg, Miri, Greenblatt-Kimron, Lee, Even-Zohar, Ahuva, and Lavenda, Osnat

Abstract

AbstractParental self-efficacy (PSE) is a central aspect of parenting research. Although parenting continues in older ages, few studies have focused on PSE among older adults. In line with the parenting determinant model, the study examined the associations between psychological distress, social support, loneliness, and PSE in older age.The study used a quantitative cross-sectional survey, including 362 Israeli parents age 65 years and above. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires of psychological distress, social support, loneliness, PSE, and background information.Results revealed that higher PSE was associated with lower psychological distress, higher social support, and a lower sense of loneliness in older adults. The research model explained 36.9 per cent of the variance in PSE among older adults.Mental state and social conditions are important for PSE of older adults; therefore, professionals should ensure the availability of diverse solutions to enable, maintain, and promote well-being through social and familial engagement in this population.

Published
2023
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39. Efficacy and safety of sparsentan versus irbesartan in patients with IgA nephropathy (PROTECT): 2-year results from a randomised, active-controlled, phase 3 trial

Author

Rovin, Brad H, Barratt, Jonathan, Heerspink, Hiddo J L, Alpers, Charles E, Bieler, Stewart, Chae, Dong-Wan, Diva, Ulysses A, Floege, Jürgen, Gesualdo, Loreto, Inrig, Jula K, Kohan, Donald E, Komers, Radko, Kooienga, Laura Ann, Lafayette, Richard, Maes, Bart, Małecki, Robert, Mercer, Alex, Noronha, Irene L, Oh, Se Won, Peh, Chen Au, Praga, Manuel, Preciado, Priscila, Radhakrishnan, Jai, Rheault, Michelle N, Rote, William E, Tang, Sydney C W, Tesar, Vladimir, Trachtman, Howard, Trimarchi, Hernán, Tumlin, James A, Wong, Muh Geot, Perkovic, Vlado, Abbasciano, Isabella, Abrantes, Catarina, Accarino, Simone, Adler, Sharon, Adoberg, Annika, Afsari, Rouzbeh, Ahmad, Syeda, Ahmed, Jafar, Ahn, Wooin, Ajayi, Bamidele, Aksamit, Dariusz, Al Chalabi, Saif, Alamartine, Eric, Alchi, Bassam, Ali, Mohammad, Aliotta, Roberta, Almaani, Salem, Almeida, Catarina, Almeida, Edgar, Alvarez, Francisco de la Prada, Alves, Patricia, Annese, Francesca, Appel, Gerald, Arduan, Alberto Ortiz, Arena, Maria, Arevalo, Marta Calvo, Arfaania, Dariush, Arias, Carlos, Aristoy, Emma Calatayud, Asakiene, Egle, Ashley, Sarah, Assefi, Ali, Atenza, Alba, Auerbach, Asta, Augustyniak-Bartosik, Hanna, Avella, Monroy, Ayling-Smith, Jonathan, Ayoub, Isabelle, Ayvazyan, Christine, Baccaro, Rocco, Bailey, Asha, Baker, Bruce, Balamuthusamy, Saravanan, Ballarin, Jose, Barata, Rui, Barbic, Jerko, Barisic, Dunja, Barratt, Jonathan, Barreto, Jose Carlos de Jesus, Barrios, Clara, Belingheri, Mirco, Benesova, Anna, Bernabeu, Ana Avila, Bernhardt, Wanja, Bhadra, Shamik, Biancone, Luigi, Blanchard, Anne, Boaglio, Elena, Bolignano, Davide, Bomback, Andrew, Bonilla, Gustavo Andres Useche, Bordoli, Monica, Bose, Bhadran, Boudville, Neil, Brandon, Donald, Brandon, Donald, Brown, Karen, Broyet, Christian, Bucknall, Thomas, Buffet, Alexandre, Bumblyte', Inga Arune, Burdese, Manuel, Burgos, Natalia Allende, Burgos, Natalia Allende, Burguet, Laure, Burtey, Stephane, Busch, Martin, Cakiroglu, Figen, Campbell, Victoria, Canetta, Pietro, Capaccio, Flavia, Carbonell, Juan, Cardoso, Filipa, Carro, Clara Garcia, Carroll, Robert, Carron, Pierre-Louis, Carullo, Nazareno, Cassia, Matthias, Caster, Dawn, Castillo, Belen Vizcaino, Catucci, Davide, Cavalli, Andrea, Chae, Dong-Wan, Chakera, Aron, Chan, Doris, Chan, Gary Chi Wang, Chan, Anthony Ting Pong, Chan, Lai Wan, Chang, Jae Hyun, Chang, Ming-Shan, Chapman, Fiona, Charytan, Chaim, Chaudhry, Asghar, Cheetham, Melissa, Chen, Cheng-Hsu, Chen, Hsin-Yu, Chen, Chien-Liang, Chen, Hung-Yuan, Chen, Hung-Chun, Chenine, Leila, Cheung, Siu Fai, Cheung, Chee Kay, Chiche-Jourde, Noemie, Chiu, Hsien-Fu, Chiu, Yen-Ling, Chiu, Yi-Wen, Chiu, Ian, Choi, Hoon Young, Chou, Kang-Ju, Chowdhury, Paramit, Chowdhury, Pradip, Chrysochou, Constantina, Chukwu, Chukwuma, Chun, Ka Yeong, Chung, Wookyung, Cieniawski, Dominik, Claisse, Guillaume, Clayton, Philip, Cleary, Catalina Martín, Clement, Nisha, Coates, Toby, Cogno, Chiara, Colla, Loredana, Collins, Michael, Colucci, Marco, Combe, Christian, Comi, Nicolino, Comunale, Roderick, Contreras, Gabriel, Cooper, Bruce, Coppock, Gaia, Costa, Ana Cortesão, Costanzi, Stefano, Cozzolino, Mario, Crail, Susan, Cunha, Liliana, Curry, Elizabeth, Dai, Tiane, Daina, Erica, Daneshvari, Sam, Dasgupta, Indranil, DaSilva, Louise, Davidson, Robert, De Bhailis, Aine Maire, de Précigout, Valérie, Decupere, Marc, Delmas, Yahsou, Deodato, Francesca, Dhaun, Neeraj, Dhaygude, Ajay, Dhelaria, Ranjit, Di Maio, Federica, Diezhandino, Maria Angeles Goicoechea, Dika, Zivka, Dinic, Miriana, Dittmer, Ian, Dobre, Mirela, Doctor, Gabriel, Donati, Gabriele, Doubel, Peter, Douthit, Nicole, Draganova, Diliana, Drexler, Yelena, Drinkovic, Martin, Drinovska, Klara, Dudreuilh, Caroline, Dumond, Clement, Durlen, Ivan, Dussol, Bertrand, Encarnacion, Montserrat Diaz, Endre, Zoltan, Enrique, Jorge, Eqbal, Yusuf, Erlich, Jonathan, Esposito, Vittoria, Esposito, Ciro, Fakih, Faisal, Fang, Hua-Chang, Farinha, Ana, Fearday, Aaron, Felgueiras, Joana de Sousa Soares, Felicjanczuk, Elzbieta, Fernandes, João Carlos, Fernandes, Sara, Fernandes, Adriana, Fernandez, Jose Luño, Fernandez, Victor, Fernando, Mangalee, Figueiredo, Ana Carolina, Firre, Eric, Floege, Jürgen, Flossmann, Oliver, Floyd, Lauren, Fonseca, Nuno, Fonseca, Jose Nuno de Almeida Agapito, Foote, Celine, Forbes, Suzanne, Forcen, Angel, Fornoni, Alessia, Fouassier, David, Fraser, Ian, Fung, Ka Shun Samuel, Furlano, Monica, Furtado, Teresa, Gadh, Rajdeep, Gaisset, Roxane, Gallagher, Martin, Gameiro, Joana, Gangadharan, Muralikrishna, Garcia, Fabiola Alonso, Garcia, Olga Gracia, Garg, Gunjan, Garrouste, Cyril, Gautam, Archana, Geara, Abdallah, Geddes, Colin, Gellineo, Lana, Germain, Michael, Gesualdo, Loreto, Ghalli, Farid, Giaroni, Francesco, Giles, Harold, Gillies, Alastair, Gimeno, Ana Vilar, Girardet, Annette, Glaze, Jeffrey, Goh, Tze, Gois, Mario, Goldsmith, Christopher, Goma, Elena, Gomes, Ana Marta, Goncalves, Luis Pedro Falcao, Goncalves, Sara, Gontarek-Kacprzak, Julita, Gonzalez, Carlos, Gopu, Arun, Gowda, Nayan, Gray, Nicholas, Greco, Barbara, Green, Heather, Greze, Clarisse, Griffin, Sian, Guldris, Secundino Cigarran, Guzman, Ursula Verdalles, Ha, Jeffrey Tsun Kit, Hall, Amanda, Hamilton, Patrick, Han, Seung Hyeok, Haws, Robert, Hayat, Ashik, Heath, Lauren, Heinrichs, Sven, Henderson, Andrew, Henderson, Amy, Hendren, Elizabeth, Heng, Anne-Elisabeth, Heres, Salia Virxinia Pol, Herfurth, Johann Konstantin, Herrero, Evangelina Merida, Ho, Tzung-Yo, Hogan, Jonathan, Hohenstein, Bernd, Hollett, Peter, Horvatic, Ivica, Hsu, Bang-Gee, Hsu, Chia-Tien, Hsu, Chih-Yang, Hsu, Shih-Ping, Huang, Chien-Wei, Hudson, Amy, Hung, Chi-Chih, Hwang, Shang-Jyh, Hwang, Daw-Yang, Hyun, Young Youl, Ilmoja, Madis, Irish, Georgina, Jacob, Radu, Jahan, Sadia, Jain, Arunima, Jamar, Sofie, Jander, Anna, Jang, Hye Ryoun, Janko, Catherine, Jardine, Meg, Jaskowski, Piotr, Jeantet, Guillaume, Jelakovic, Bojan, Jeon, Junseok, Jeong, Jong Cheol, Jesudason, Shilpanjali, Jittirat, Arksarapuk, Jo, Sang-Kyung, Jones, Rachel, Joo, Narae, Jorge, Sofia, Julian, Bruce, Jung, JiYong, Jyothinagaram, Praveena, Kadakia, Jigar, Kamal, Fahameedah, Kanigicherla, Durga, Karanovic, Sandra, Karras, Alexandre, Kasimatis, Theodoros, Kassem, Mohamad, Kattamanchi, Siddhartha, Keller, Christopher, Kentric, Dubravka Trajbar, Kettner, Christiane, Khalil, Kassem, Kim, Dana, Kim, Se Joong, Kim, Yeong Hoon, Kim, Yunmi, Kim, Hyung Wook, Kim, Sunggyun, Kim, Jwa-Kyung, Kim, Aejin, Kim, Myung-Gyu, Kimber, Cassandra, Klamm, Kathryn, Koch, Annegret, Koester, Eric, Kolvald, Kulli, Kon, Sui, Kooienga, Laura Ann, Kotwal, Sradha, Krajewska, Magdalena, Kratka, Karolina, Krishnan, Anoushka, Krishnasamy, Rathika, Krueger, Thilo, Kruljac, Ivan, Kulka, Simone, Kunzendorf, Ulrich, Kuo, Mei-Chuan, Kuo, Hung-Tien, Kuo, Sheng, Kwan, Lorraine Pui Yuen, Kwella, Norbert, Kwella, Bogna, Kyaw, Kay, Labat, Aurore, Lafayette, Richard, Lagatta, Mark, Lam, Chi Kwan Darwin, Lambie, Mark, Lanaret, Camille, Latif, Farah, Laute, Margo, Law, Wai Ping, Lawman, Sarah, Lazo, Mercedes Salgueira, Lee, Hajeong, Lee, Moon Hyoung, Lee, Kyu-Beck, Lee, Hyung-seok, Lee, JungEun, Lee, Hyun Hee, Lee, Po-Tsang, Leis, Liisi, Lemahieu, Wim, Leung, Janson, Li, Yan, Lie, Davina Ngoi Wah, Lifland, Howard, Lilienthal, Kadri, Lim, Wai, Limardo, Monica, Livrozet, Marine, Longhi, Selena, Lopes, Daniela, Lopes, Jose Antonio, Lorde, Nathan, Luxton, Grant, Ma, Mingyao, Madhrira, Machaiah, Madonia, Phillip, Maes, Bart, Mahadevan, Kumaradevan, Mahdi, Amar, Mahdi, Eamon, Maillard, Nicolas, Maixnerova, Dita, Majstorovic Barac, Karolina, Malecki, Robert, Malfait, Thomas, Malvica, Silvia, Mandayam, Sreedhar, Manley, Paul, Mansfield, Nick, Marcantoni, Carmelita, Mariat, Christophe, Marin, Tamara Malek, Marin, Lida Maria Rodas, Mark, Patrick, Marques, Joana, Martinez, Eduardo Gutierrez, Martinez, Stacy, Masset, Catherine, Masson, Ingrid, Mather, Amanda, Maung Myint, Thida Maung, Mayet, Valentin, McCafferty, Kieran, McCarthy, Ellen, McDonald, Stephen, McGreal, Kerri, McMahon, Kellyn, McNally, Andrew, McQuarrie, Emily, Medina, Allyson, Meeus, Gert, Mehta, Kshama, Mendoza, Elder, Menezes, Maria, Meng, Jerry, Messa, Piergiorgio, Messias, Ana, Miarka, Przemyslaw, Miglinas, Marius, Mikacic, Ivana, Mikhail, Ashraf, Milicevic, Martina, Minasian, Raffi, Moeller, Marcus, Mohey, Hesham, Mojarrab, Javad, Mok, Maggie Ming Yee, Moncasi, Eduardo Parra, Moonen, Martial, Morales, Wenceslao Adrian Aguilera, Moreno, Eduardo Verde, Moreno, Antolina, Morris, Adam, Moutzouris, Dimitrios, Moya, Mercedes Gonzalez, Mucha, Simon, Musolino, Michela, Napodano, Pietro, Natario, Ana, Negrea, Lavinia, Nelson, Bradley, Neuen, Brendon, Newsome, Britt, Ng, Kit Chung Jack, Nguyen, Thu, Nguyen, Viet, Nicolo, Clementine, Nitschke, Martin, Noble, Euan, Noble, Euan, Nolasco, Fernando, O'Lone, Emma, Ochoa, Adriana Sierra, Oh, Kook-Hwan, Oh, SeWon, Okoh, Pedro, Ombelet, Sara, O'Shaughnessy, Michelle, Ou, Shih-Hsiang, Packham, David, Padiyar, Aparna, Pai, Mei-Fen, Pamplona, Irene Agraz, Pan, Szu-Yu, Pandya, Bhavna, Papadia, Federica, Pardinhas, Clara, Parikh, Nishita, Parikh, Samir, Park, Hyeong Cheon, Park, Jung Tak, Parreira, Lucia, Passerini, Patrizia, Patak, Ramachandra, Patecki, Margret, Patel, Rajan, Patel, Jusmin, Patel Suthar, Meera, Patella, Gemma, Patrikyan, Artashes, Pavlovic, Drasko, Paxton, William, Peh, Chen, Peleg, Yonatan, Pelicano, Josep Miquel Blasco, Peng, Yu-Sen, Pereira de Vicente, Manuel, Perez, Jonay Pantoja, Perez, Erika, Perez de Jose, Ana, Pérez Gómez, María Vanessa, Perez Lluna, Leticia, Peri, Usha, Perico, Norberto, Philipponnet, Carole, Phua, Elaine, Piel, Julia, Pillai, Unnikrishnan, Pilmore, Helen, Plavljanic, Djuro, Plaza, Mercedes Velo, Pollock, Carol, Ponnusamy, Arvind, Ponti, Serena, Powell, Thomas, Pradhan, Nishigandha, Prado, Raul Fernandez, Prkacin, Ingrid, Pruthi, Rishi, Pugh, Dan, Quinn, Sarah, Quintana, Luis F, Raakesh, Lathika, Rabindranath, Kannaiyan, Radermacher, Luc, Radhakrishnan, Jai, Ragy, Omar Sherin Ibrahim, Raichoudhury, Ritesh, Raimundo, Mario, Randone, Paolo, Razavian, Mona, Reichel, Helmut, Reis, Marina, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Reynolds, Annie, Ricchiuto, Anna, Rico, Ivon Maritza Bobadilla, Rigothier, Claire, Ritchie, Angus, Rivero, Maria Antonieta Azancot, Rizk, Dana, Ro, Han, Rodriguez, Alfred, Rodriguez Garcia, Eva, Roger, Simon, Rony, Mohammad, Rosenberg, Mai, Roueff, Stephane, Rovin, Brad, Roxburgh, Sarah, Ruiz, Mario, Rusinol, Helena Marco, Rychlik, Ivan, Sá, Helena, Salehi, Tania, Sánchez de la Nieta, Maria Dolores, Sanden, Silja, Santockiene, Lina, Santos, Patricia Valerio, Santos, Iara Da Silva, Sargsyan, Mari, Sarnow, Franziska, Sat, Sebahat, Satora, Ewa, Savuk, Ana, Sayer, Matthew, Schlieper, Georg, Schlosser, Mandy, Schmidt-Guertler, Hans, Schockaert, Olivier, Schulte, Kevin, Schulz, Lisa, Selvaskandan, Haresh, Semple, David, Sen, Shaundeep, Seppet, Elviira, Serrano, Antonio Galan, Serre, Jean-Emmanuel, Sevillano, Angel, Shah, Sapna, Shen, Yvonne, Sheridan, Brittany, Shu, Kai-Hsiang, Sightler, Ford, Silva, Sónia, Silva, Arnold, Sinha, Smeeta, Siriwardana, Amanda, Sitas, Zvonimir, Sivo, Carmen, Sizeland, Peter, Sly, Cathylee, Smith, Priscilla, Snow, Brian, Soares, Elsa Sofia Quadrado, Solazzo, Andrea, Solis, Elena Gutierrez, Solomon, Laurence, Song, Young Rim, Sousa, Helena, Spinowitz, Bruce, Stallworthy, Elizabeth, Stamellou, Eleni, Stanczyk, Malgorzata, Stangenberg, Stefanie, Stankovic, Marija, Stankuviene, Asta, Stea, Emma Diletta, Stompor, Tomasz, Storrar, Joshua, Sullivan, James, Sulowicz, Wladyslaw, Suyumova, Irina, Szeto, Cheuk Chun, Tamarit, Esther, Tan, Eddie, Tan, May, Tang, Sydney Chi Wai, Tang, Hon, Teixeira, Catarina, Telling, Kadri, Terrades, Natalia Ramos, Tesar, Vladimir, Tez, Didem, Thervet, Eric, Thibaudin, Damien, Thomas, Mark, Thyagarajan, Nikhil, Tkaczyk, Marcin, Torreggiani, Massimo, Trillini, Matias, Tsai, Shang-Feng, Tsai, Wan-Chuan, Tsai, Jer-Chia, Tseng, Po-Yu, Tumlin, James, Tung, Kuei-Ting, Turnbull, Angus, Udani, Suneel, Uhlinova, Jana, Unt, Kristin, Urciuolo, Federica, Vanacker, An, Vandewiele, Bert, Vaz, Alvaro, Veermae, Kristi, Viaene, Liesbeth, Vickiene, Alvita, Vigano, Sara, Vila, Maria Antonia Munar, Vilayur, Eswari, Villanueva, Caridad Martinez, Villarroya, Cristina Medrano, Villen, Alejandro Soria, Viramontes, Veronica, Vita, Caterina, Vujcic, Dunja, Wahba, Mona, Wan, Susan, Wang, Chih-Hsien, Warling, Xavier, Waters, Gerald, Waugh, Jane, Weiland, Lea, Weiner, Stefan, Weinreich, Thomas, Werth, Stephan Christian, Wickens, Olivia, Wijeratne, Vidu, Wilder, Karen, Willcocks, Lisa, Williams, Allister, Winiarska, Agata, Wirtz, Nikolaus, Wolf, Lothar, Wolf, Gunter, Wong, Muh Geot, Wong, Yick Hei, Wong, Sze Ho Sunny, Workeneh, Biruh, Wu, Ming-Ju, Wu, Hon-Yen, Wyndham, Roger, Yang, Jihyun, Yang, Ju-Yeh, Yeap, Chii, Yim, Ka Fai, Yong, Kenneth, Yoo, Tae-Hyun, Yoon, Songuk, Yu, Tung-Min, Yue, Tak Tai Andrew, Zakari, Michel, Zakauskiene, Urte, Zaoui, Philippe, Zbrzezniak, Justyna, Zielinska, Dorota, and Zizzi, Carlotta Federica

Abstract

Sparsentan, a novel, non-immunosuppressive, single-molecule, dual endothelin angiotensin receptor antagonist, significantly reduced proteinuria versus irbesartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, at 36 weeks (primary endpoint) in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy in the phase 3 PROTECT trial's previously reported interim analysis. Here, we report kidney function and outcomes over 110 weeks from the double-blind final analysis.

Published
2023
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40. The Effect of Squeeze-Film Damping on the Step Response of Electrostatic Micro-Actuators

Author

Levin, Peleg, Yonaei, Amit, and Krylov, Slava

Abstract

In this paper we study the response to a step-function actuation of variously shaped parallel plates electrostatic MEMS actuators subject to pronounced squeeze-film damping in the transition and free molecular flow regimes. We conclude that mass inertial effects are negligible and that switching times are governed by pressure equilibration through ambient gas diffusion into the squeeze film gap. We then introduce a new lumped model which is derived by applying an effective viscosity correction in the Reynolds equation solution and coupling the corresponding squeeze-film force to the electro-mechanics of the device. The model’s simple formula enables to obtain rapid and sufficiently precise switching time estimates for various actuation conditions including ambient pressure level and initial gap size. Utilizing the dimensionless gas diffusion rate of the model, we introduce a new and unique method for calibrating the effective viscosity correction function for various gases and surfaces by directly measuring the dynamic response of parallel plates electrostatic MEMS actuators to a step-function actuation. Lastly, the model predictions are compared to numerical simulations and experiments in the transition and free molecular flow regimes, with Knudsen numbers in the 1 – 50 range. [2023-0061]

Published
2023
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41. Parental Self-Efficacy Among Israeli Older Adults

Author

Kestler–Peleg, Miri, Greenblatt-Kimron, Lee, Even-Zohar, Ahuva, and Lavenda, Osnat

Abstract

Résumé:L'auto-efficacité parentale est un aspect central de la recherche sur la parentalité. Bien que la parentalité continue de s'exercer jusque tard dans la vie, peu d'études se sont penchées sur le sentiment d'auto-efficacité parentale chez les personnes âgées. En se basant sur le modèle des déterminants de la parentalité, cette étude examine les liens entre la détresse psychologique, le soutien social, la solitude et le sentiment d'auto-efficacité parentale à un âge avancé.L'étude se fonde sur les résultats d'un sondage quantitatif transversal mené auprès de 362 parents israéliens âgés de 65 ans et plus. Les participants ont été invités à fournir des renseignements de base et à remplir des questionnaires mesurant la détresse psychologique, le soutien social, la solitude et l'auto-efficacité parentale.Les résultats du sondage ont révélé qu'un sentiment élevé d'auto-efficacité parentale était associé à un plus faible degré de détresse psychologique, à un soutien social supérieur et à un plus faible sentiment de solitude chez les aînés. Le modèle de la recherche explique 36,9 % de la variance de l'auto-efficacité parentale chez les personnes âgées.L'état mental et les conditions sociales sont des facteurs importants du sentiment d'autoefficacité parentale chez les aînés, par conséquent, les professionnels devraient assurer l'accès à diverses solutions visant à favoriser, entretenir et promouvoir le bien-être par l'engagement social et familial au sein de cette population.Abstract:Parental self-efficacy (PSE) is a central aspect of parenting research. Although parenting continues in older ages, few studies have focused on PSE among older adults. In line with the parenting determinant model, the study examined the associations between psychological distress, social support, loneliness, and PSE in older age.The study used a quantitative cross-sectional survey, including 362 Israeli parents age 65 years and above. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires of psychological distress, social support, loneliness, PSE, and background information.Results revealed that higher PSE was associated with lower psychological distress, higher social support, and a lower sense of loneliness in older adults. The research model explained 36.9 per cent of the variance in PSE among older adults.Mental state and social conditions are important for PSE of older adults; therefore, professionals should ensure the availability of diverse solutions to enable, maintain, and promote well-being through social and familial engagement in this population.

Published
2023

42. Model‐based‐systems‐engineering for conceptual design: An integrative approach

Author

Shoshany‐Tavory, Sharon, Peleg, Eran, Zonnenshain, Avigdor, and Yudilevitch, Gil

Abstract

Conceptual‐Design is an early development phase, where innovation and creativeness shape the future system/product. Model‐Based‐Conceptual‐Design (MBCD) attempts to use best‐practices of Model‐Based‐Systems‐Engineering (MBSE) to gain the envisioned benefits of model connectivity. Using MBSE supporting tools can transform Conceptual‐Design into a digital‐engineered process but may impede creativity and innovation. Concurrently, the design domain offers specific methods and tools for innovative Conceptual‐Design. In the current study, we explore an existing Conceptual‐Design framework and offer MBSE interpretation and tools extensions needed for its digital implementation. Through such exploration we highlight MBCD specific insights and discuss modeling‐innovation interrelations. The implementation was accomplished using a domain‐specific enabling software package on top of a market‐accepted UML/SysML platform, extending the language definitions, where appropriate. The framework guided extensions allow generation of innovative bottom‐up alternatives, solution integration, and solutions’ comparison. The use of modeling is shown to offer clearer process definition, specific methods assistance, and alternative ranking—both manually and automatically. Consequently, MBCD is accomplished, which supports innovation, while being digitally connected to full‐scale‐development models and the organizational assets at large. Through integration into the orderly Systems‐Engineering process, traceability is maintained, and repeated iterations are supported, where conceptual decisions may be revisited. Additionally, through the introduction of an assets’ catalog, cross‐organizational knowledge sharing is accomplished. The paper presents samples of the extensions, using a simplified example of technology design for Future Firefighting. The value of incorporating Conceptual‐Design specific methodology and tools is evaluated through feedback from multiple domain experts. Discussion and future research directions are offered.

Published
2023
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44. Passive-Sampler-Derived PCB and OCP Concentrations in the Waters of the WorldFirst Results from the AQUA-GAPS/MONET Network.

Author

Lohmann, Rainer, Vrana, Branislav, Muir, Derek, Smedes, Foppe, Sobotka, Jaromír, Zeng, Eddy Y., Bao, Lian-Jun, Allan, Ian J, Astrahan, Peleg, Barra, Ricardo O., Bidleman, Terry, Dykyi, Evgen, Estoppey, Nicolas, Fillmann, Gilberto, Greenwood, Naomi, Helm, Paul A., Jantunen, Liisa, Kaserzon, Sarit, Macías, J. Vinicio, and Maruya, Keith A.

Published
2023
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47. Prenatal exposure to phthalates and emotional/behavioral development in young children

Author

Cohen-Eliraz, Liron, Ornoy, Asher, Ein-Mor, Eliana, Bar-Nitsan, Moriah, Pilowsky Peleg, Tammy, and Calderon-Margalit, Ronit

Abstract

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as phthalates, found in our daily environment, are nowadays suggested to be associated with adverse outcomes. Prenatal exposure was found associated with neurodevelopmental complications such as behavioral difficulties in school age children.

Published
2023
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49. Disentangling the role of NAc D1 and D2 cells in hedonic eating

Author

Guillaumin, Mathilde C. C., Viskaitis, Paulius, Bracey, Eva, Burdakov, Denis, and Peleg-Raibstein, Daria

Abstract

Overeating is driven by both the hedonic component (‘liking’) of food, and the motivation (‘wanting’) to eat it. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a key brain center implicated in these processes, but how distinct NAc cell populations encode ‘liking’ and ‘wanting’ to shape overconsumption remains unclear. Here, we probed the roles of NAc D1 and D2 cells in these processes using cell-specific recording and optogenetic manipulation in diverse behavioral paradigms that disentangle reward traits of ‘liking’ and ‘wanting’ related to food choice and overeating in healthy mice. Medial NAc shell D2 cells encoded experience-dependent development of ‘liking’, while D1 cells encoded innate ‘liking’ during the first food taste. Optogenetic control confirmed causal links of D1 and D2 cells to these aspects of ‘liking’. In relation to ‘wanting’, D1 and D2 cells encoded and promoted distinct aspects of food approach: D1 cells interpreted food cues while D2 cells also sustained food-visit-length that facilitates consumption. Finally, at the level of food choice, D1, but not D2, cell activity was sufficient to switch food preference, programming subsequent long-lasting overconsumption. By revealing complementary roles of D1 and D2 cells in consumption, these findings assign neural bases to ‘liking’ and ‘wanting’ in a unifying framework of D1 and D2 cell activity.

Published
2023
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50. A chemically controlled Cas9 switch enables temporal modulation of diverse effectors

Author

Wei, Cindy T., Popp, Nicholas A., Peleg, Omri, Powell, Rachel L., Borenstein, Elhanan, Maly, Dustin J., and Fowler, Douglas M.

Abstract

CRISPR–Cas9 has yielded a plethora of effectors, including targeted transcriptional activators, base editors and prime editors. Current approaches for inducibly modulating Cas9 activity lack temporal precision and require extensive screening and optimization. We describe a versatile, chemically controlled and rapidly activated single-component DNA-binding Cas9 switch, ciCas9, which we use to confer temporal control over seven Cas9 effectors, including two cytidine base editors, two adenine base editors, a dual base editor, a prime editor and a transcriptional activator. Using these temporally controlled effectors, we analyze base editing kinetics, showing that editing occurs within hours and that rapid early editing of nucleotides predicts eventual editing magnitude. We also reveal that editing at preferred nucleotides within target sites increases the frequency of bystander edits. Thus, the ciCas9 switch offers a simple, versatile approach to generating chemically controlled Cas9 effectors, informing future effector engineering and enabling precise temporal effector control for kinetic studies.

Published
2023
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