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Ongoing research in metal chalcogenide semiconductors aims to develop alternative materials for optoelectronic devices. However, due to cost and environmental considerations, there is an increasing emphasis on utilizing green materials. This shift toward sustainable materials and processing is expected to become essential in materials research. In this work, we report the microstructural evolution of thin films of the Cu–Sb–S (CAS) system. The films were obtained by annealing amorphous Sb2S3precursor films previously immersed in a copper solution with variable residence time. Our main findings demonstrate that varying the residence time in immersion together with the annealing and crystallization of the precursor films leads to a controlled incorporation/distribution of Cu into the films, which promotes the formation of films with phases spanning from a mixture between Sb2S3and CuSbS2to a pure Cu12Sb4S13phase, which represents a significant variation in optoelectronic properties. The phase transition mechanisms were investigated using first-principles calculations and correlated with the structural, morphological, and optoelectronic characterization. Results indicate that vacancies serve as nucleation sites for copper incorporation. Subsequently, interstitial sites are occupied during the phase transformation from Sb2S3to CuSbS2, whereas the transition from CuSbS2to Cu12Sb4S13proceeds via a substitutional mechanism. This study contributes to understanding the fundamental phenomena underlying our proposed methodology. These results could promote the development of CAS-based semiconductors with predetermined properties by manipulating simple process parameters, such as the residence time in a copper solution.

The copepod Parvocalanus crassirostrishas recently increased its use as live food in marine fish hatcheries. To investigate the bacterial community of P. crassirostrisnauplii and explore the potential use of nauplii as a vector for probiotics, adult copepods were reared with or without a probiotic consortium (Bacillusspp. and Lactobacillusspp.). Nauplii from both treatments were either enriched with probiotics or not, resulting in four treatments: control rearing and nonenriched, control rearing and probiotic enriched, probiotic rearing and nonenriched, and probiotic rearing probiotic enriched. A next‐generation sequencing analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was performed. The bacterial community of nauplii without probiotics was dominated by the phyla Proteobacteria (mean ± standard deviation = 51.5 ± 8.0%) and Bacteroidetes (27.6 ± 6.7%); from these phyla, the most abundant orders were Rhodobacterales (21.8 ± 2.0%), Flavobacteriales (13.5 ± 9.4%), Chitinophagales (9.7 ± 1.8%), Alteromonadales (9.5 ± 4.0%), and Burkholderiales (3.8 ± 0.8%). Opportunistic pathogenic bacterial genera, such as Vibriospp. and Pseudomonasspp., were detected at very low relative abundances (<1.2%), indicating that P. crassirostrisnauplii could be considered a safe microbiological live feed. Furthermore, P. crassirostrisnauplii were a good vector for probiotics delivery, as the adhesion of probiotics on the copepod exoskeleton was successful. Bacillusspp. abundance was 5–6× greater than the abundance of Lactobacillusspp. in P. crassirostrisnauplii. The highest mean values of probiotics relative abundance (Bacillusspp. 41 ± 6.0%, Lactobacillusspp. 6.0 ± 3.0%) were observed in nauplii that were reared with probiotics and also enriched with probiotics. Parvocalanus crassirostrisnauplii stages I–II appear to be good vectors to provide probiotics to first‐feeding fish larvae. Impact statementMarine fish aquaculture relies on quality live feed for optimal protein production. Assessing copepod nauplii's microbiological safety as fish larvae prey and their role as probiotics vectors is an important contribution to marine fish aquaculture. Marine fish aquaculture relies on quality live feed for optimal protein production. Assessing copepod nauplii's microbiological safety as fish larvae prey and their role as probiotics vectors is an important contribution to marine fish aquaculture.

Development of Pacific Red Snapper Lutjanus peruculture has been impeded by low survival in larval culture. We studied the effects of different culture conditions on larval survival in four experiments that examined (1) different‐size prey at first feeding (nauplii of the copepods Parvocalanus crassirostrisand Pseudodiaptomus euryhalinus; rotifers Proales similis; and a mix of these three prey types); (2) microalgal density (3 × 105and 1 × 106cells/mL); (3) the presence of adult copepods P. crassirostrisin larval culture tanks compared to daily nauplius addition (Adult and Nauplius treatments); and (4) light intensity (50, 200, 500, and 1,000 lx). In experiment 1, a strong preference was observed for copepod P. crassirostrisnauplii compared to other prey types. Survival at 15 d posthatch (DPH) was significantly higher in the P. crassirostristreatment (mean ± SD = 19.5 ± 10.2%) and the Mixed diet treatment (33.4 ± 9.4%). However, strange behavior of larvae was observed, followed by drastic mortality (at 15–18 DPH) when microalgal addition to larval tanks ceased. This behavior and mortality had not been observed in experiment 2 at any of the microalgal densities supplied until 20 DPH. In experiment 3, survival was evaluated at 2, 5, 7, and 9 DPH and dropped to 50% (5 DPH) in both treatments. At 9 DPH, survival was 14.8 ± 9.5% for the Adult treatment and 3.4 ± 0.9% for the Nauplius treatment. In experiment 4, a significant difference was observed for survival at 9 DPH; survival at 1,000 lx (26.5 ± 18.4%) was significantly higher than survival at 200 lx (4.9 ± 5%) and 50 lx (0.6 ± 0.6%) but was not different from survival at 500 lx (6.6 ± 3.1%). In conclusion, P. crassirostrisnauplii are an adequate prey for first feeding of Pacific Red Snapper. Therefore, to improve larval survival, P. crassirostrisadults should be added to the larval culture tanks. Moreover, microalgae should be present during all larval rearing, and a light intensity of 1,000 lx should be used.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a rare, underdiagnosed cause of liver disease in children. The incidence of DILI in the pediatric population is unknown but it represents around 10% of all DILI cases. The most common hepatotoxic drugs in children are antibiotics and antiepileptics. DILI is classified as intrinsic or idiosyncratic and it presents mostly with 2 patterns of injury: hepatocellular or cholestatic. Diagnosis can be done with help of the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) casualty assessment. The mainstay of treatment is prompt withdrawal of the suspect drug.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a rare, underdiagnosed cause of liver disease in children. The incidence of DILI in the pediatric population is unknown but it represents around 10% of all DILI cases. The most common hepatotoxic drugs in children are antibiotics and antiepileptics. DILI is classified as intrinsic or idiosyncratic and it presents mostly with 2 patterns of injury: hepatocellular or cholestatic. Diagnosis can be done with help of the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) casualty assessment. The mainstay of treatment is prompt withdrawal of the suspect drug.

Achieving postpyloric feeding access is a clinical challenge faced by the pediatric gastroenterologist in everyday practice. Currently, there is limited literature published on the topic. This article provides a practical summary of the literature on the different methods utilized to achieve postpyloric feeding access including bedside, fluoroscopic, endoscopic and surgical options. Indications and complications of these methods are discussed as well as a general approach to infants and children that require intestinal feeding.

Achieving postpyloric feeding access is a clinical challenge faced by the pediatric gastroenterologist in everyday practice. Currently, there is limited literature published on the topic. This article provides a practical summary of the literature on the different methods utilized to achieve postpyloric feeding access including bedside, fluoroscopic, endoscopic and surgical options. Indications and complications of these methods are discussed as well as a general approach to infants and children that require intestinal feeding.

Recientemente ha habido un aumento en el consumo de sustitutos de la leche de vaca, específicamente bebidas de origen vegetal, a las cuales de forma equivocada se les ha dado el nombre de «leches vegetales». Las bebidas vegetales no tienen un estándar de identidad, por lo que su composición nutricional puede variar de marca en marca, inclusive dentro de la misma categoría. El objetivo de esta revisión narrativa fue generar una opinión técnica que sirva como marco de referencia para sustentar la recomendación sobre el consumo de bebida vegetal de soya. Expertos en nutrición y en gastroenterología de la Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología comentaron y analizaron de forma conjunta temas acerca de las bebidas vegetales, específicamente de la bebida vegetal de soya, sus características nutrimentales, su consumo en el niño y potenciales alteraciones en el crecimiento y desarrollo, así como del consumo de la bebida de soya en el adulto, y asociaciones con alteraciones del aparato digestivo y otras condiciones. Las bebidas vegetales, incluida la bebida vegetal de soya no son un sustituto de la leche materna ni de los sucedáneos de la leche materna. Las bebidas vegetales de soya son consideradas seguras y pueden enriquecer la dieta variada de los consumidores, siempre y cuando se considere como una más de las porciones líquidas de la dieta. Pueden ser ingeridas por pacientes adultos y niños mayores de dos años con alergia a las proteínas de la leche de vaca o intolerancia a la lactosa.

There has been a recent increase in the consumption of cow's milk substitutes, specifically plant-based beverages, which have erroneously been named “plant milks”. Plant-based beverages do not have a standard of identity, and so their nutritional composition can vary from one brand to another, even within the same category. The aim of the present narrative review was to produce a technical opinion to serve as a frame of reference for sustaining the recommendation of soy plant-based beverages. Nutrition and gastroenterology experts that belong to the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterologíajointly commented on and analyzed themes on plant-based beverages, and on soy drinks in particular, including their nutritional characteristics, consumption in children, and potential growth and development alterations, as well as soy drink consumption in adults and its association with gastrointestinal alterations and other conditions. Plant-based beverages, including those made from soy, are not a replacement for breastmilk or breastmilk substitutes. Soy beverages are considered safe and can enrich the varied diet of its consumers, as long as they are considered an additional liquid portion of the diet. They can be ingested by adults and children above two years of age that present with cow's milk protein allergy or lactose intolerance.

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is a common cause of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN). C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) expression is increased in peripheral nerve samples from diabetes patients, suggesting a role for CXCR4 in PDN. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of Pha1ß, ?-conotoxin MVIIA, and AMD3100 in a model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced PDN in rodents and naïve model of rats with the activation of the CXCR4/stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) signal. Methods: Diabetic neuropathy was induced by intraperitoneal (ip) injection of STZ in Wistar rats. Naïve rats were intrathecally injected with SDF-1 to test the CXCR4/SDF-1 signal. The effects of Pha1ß intrathecal (it), ?-conotoxin MVIIA intrathecal (it), and AMD3100 intraperitoneal (ip) on rat hypersensitivity, IL-6, and the intracellular calcium [Ca2+]icontent of diabetic synaptosomes were studied. Results: The drugs reduced the hypersensitivity in diabetic rats. SDF-1 (1.0 µg/it) administration in naïve rats induced hypersensitivity. Pha1ß (100 pmol/it) or AMD3100 (2.5 µg/ip) reduced this hypersensitivity after 2 h treatments, while ?-conotoxin MVIIA did not have an effect. IL-6 and [Ca2+]icontent increased in the spinal cord synaptosomes in diabetic rats. The drug treatments reduced IL-6 and the calcium influx in diabetic synaptosomes. Conclusions: Pha1ß, ?-conotoxin MVIIA, and AMD3100, after 2 h of treatment of STZ-induced PDN, reduced hypersensitivity in diabetic rats. In naïve rats with CXCR4/SDF-1 activation, the induced hypersensitivity decreased after 2 h treatments with Pha1ß or AMD-3100, while ?-conotoxin MVIIA did not affect. The inhibitory effects of Pha1ß on PDN may involve voltage-dependent calcium channels.

Historically known for being one of the major pollutants in the world, the construction industry, always in constant advancement and development, is currently evolving towards more environmentally friendly technologies and methods. Scientists and engineers seek to develop and implement green alternatives to conventional construction materials. One of these alternatives is to introduce an abundant, hard to recycle, material that could serve as a partial aggregate replacement in masonry bricks or even in a more conventional concrete mixture. The present work studied the use of 3 different types of repurposed plastics with different constitutions and particle size distribution. Accordingly, several brick and concrete mix designs were developed to determine the practicality of using these plastics as partial aggregate replacements. After establishing proper working material ratios for each brick and concrete mix, compression tests as well as tensile tests for the concrete mixes helped determine the structural capacity of both applications. Presented results proved that structural strength can indeed be reached in a masonry unit, using up to a 43% in volume of plastic. Furthermore, a workable structural strength for concrete can be achieved at fourteen days of curing, using up to a 50% aggregate replacement. A straightforward cost assessment for brick production was produced as well as various empirical observations and recommendations concerning the feasibility of each repurposed plastic type examined.

Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations and vibrational spectroscopy calculations are performed using halide–water many-body potential energy functions to provide a bottom-up analysis of the structures, energetics, and hydrogen-bonding arrangements in X–(H2O)n(n= 3–6) clusters, with X = F, Cl, Br, and I. Independently of the cluster size, it is found that all four halides prefer surface-type structures in which they occupy one of the vertices in the underlying three-dimensional hydrogen-bond networks. For fluoride–water clusters, this is in contrast to previous reports suggesting that fluoride prefers interior-type arrangements, where the ion is fully hydrated. These differences can be ascribed to the variability in how various molecular models are capable of reproducing the subtle interplay between halide–water and water–water interactions. Our results thus emphasize the importance of a correct representation of individual many-body contributions to the molecular interactions for a quantitative description of halide ion hydration.

La pH-impedanciometría esofágica es una herramienta para el diagnóstico de reflujo gastroesofágico en en nĩnos, la posición del sensor de pH es crucial para una lectura confiable, las fórmulas existentes para el cálculo de la inserción del catéter no son tan precisas; el objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar una nueva fórmula para la adecuada inserción de dicho catéter.

El reflujo gastroesofágico (RGE) es un fenómeno frecuente y normal en niños de cualquier edad, siendo más común en lactantes, donde la mayoría de los episodios son breves y no causan otros síntomas ni complicaciones, lo que lo diferencia de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico (ERGE). El diagnóstico y el manejo del RGE y de la ERGE siguen siendo un desafío para el médico, y es por esto que la Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología tuvo como objetivo adaptar los documentos internacionales para facilitar su adopción por parte de los profesionales de atención primaria con la intención de estandarizar la calidad de la atención y reducir el número de pruebas diagnósticas y el uso inapropiado de medicamentos.

En 2019 surgió el SARS-CoV-2, que tuvo un gran impacto a nivel mundial, y el área de endoscopia sufrió grandes cambios, provocando una reducción del número de procedimientos y sus indicaciones.

Joint arthrodesis utilizing autogenous bone graft remains the gold standard of treatment in fusion procedures of the foot and ankle. Graft harvest, however, has been associated with increased morbidity to patients as well as increased costs. With this in mind, multiple clinical studies have evaluated the efficacy of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor (rh-PDGF-BB) with beta-tricalcium phosphate (B-TCP) to augment in foot and ankle arthrodesis with favorable results. These factors have led to the increased use of rh-PDGF-BB with B-TCP in Vancouver with good clinical results.

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a frequent normal phenomenon in children of any age. It is more common in infants, in whom the majority of episodes are short-lived and cause no other symptoms or complications, differentiating it from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The diagnosis and management of GER and GERD continue to be a challenge for the physician. Therefore, the aim of the Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterologíawas to adapt international documents to facilitate their adoption by primary care physicians, with the goal of standardizing quality of care and reducing the number of diagnostic tests performed and inappropriate medication use.

Esophageal pH-impedance monitoring is a tool for diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux in children. The position of the pH catheter is essential for a reliable reading and the current formulas for calculating catheter insertion length are not completely accurate. The aim of the present study was to develop a new formula for adequate insertion of the pH catheter.

SARS-CoV-2 emerged in 2019 and had a huge impact on the world. The area of endoscopy suffered great changes, causing a reduction in the number of procedures and its indications. The aim of our study was to compare the quantity, indication, and type of procedures in 2019 with those in 2020.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the importance of the linkage between academia and industry from a business perspective. The analysis focuses on the impact generated from these collaboration programs to promote innovation. Data for the analysis was obtained through a measurement instrument, which allows evaluating multiple dimensions of capacity of absorption as determinants of the innovation. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology consisted of the implementation of the measurement instrument for the managers in the companies who were involved in the collaborative projects. From the answers obtained, an analysis of strengths and weaknesses was performed, categorized by absorptive capacity dimensions, satisfaction with linkage relationship and innovative impact. In addition, a comparative exercise is presented with the purpose of learning the position of the Postgraduate Program in Industrial Engineering in México, and finally, an analysis of Spearman’s coefficient was performed to verify whether the linkage influenced innovation for this case study. Findings: There is a positive correlation between linkage and innovation. An unexpected finding was the level of satisfaction of the companies that collaborated with the academy and the real situation of each dimension to determine the improvements in the policies and mechanisms of linkage. Research limitations/implications: One of the main challenges of this paper was to identify and contact the managers of the projects. These projects have been performed and completed in several companies from 2011 to date. Over this time, some managers have changed their employment status and even their places of residence. Therefore, establishing contact and performing interviews with the managers directly linked to each project was a complex process. Originality/value: This is the first paper that demonstrates and measures the relationship between linkage and innovation through an instrument of absorptive capacity, which determines the behavior of each dimension where strengths and weaknesses of collaboration relationships are detected and determines the punctual impact on innovation from the perspective of the businessmen involved.

El uso de los probióticos es común en la práctica clínica. Existe un número significativo de estudios que apoyan la eficacia de los probióticos en algunos trastornos digestivos. Sin embargo, el desconocimiento de la evidencia científica y las diferentes presentaciones y composiciones microbianas de los probióticos disponibles dificultan su prescripción.

Probiotics are frequently prescribed in clinical practice. Their efficacy in treating gastrointestinal disorders is supported by a significant number of clinical trials. However, the correct prescription of these agents is hampered due to a lack of knowledge of the scientific evidence and to the different presentations and microbial compositions of the probiotics that are currently available.

(1) To determine whether negative pressure dressings (NPDs) are superior to conventional compressive dressings (CDs) for split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs) placed on healthy, low-risk wounds, (2) To determine the cost difference of NPDs versus that of CDs.

Cow's milk protein allergy is the most common cause of food allergy. The challenge test, either open or doubled-blind with a placebo control, is regarded as the criterion standard. Endoscopy and histologic findings are considered a method that can aid in the diagnosis of this entity.

To characterize the rate of complications after operative fixation of bicondylar (OTAAO 41-C) tibial plateau fractures and to evaluate the contribution of common risk factors.

El presente estudio tuvo como propósito conocer el perfil del comportamiento sexual de riesgo de adolescentes que se encuentran en conflicto con la ley, y analizar la influencia que ejercen los padres sobre dicho comportamiento, considerando el nivel de apoyo y supervisión que sus hijos perciben de ellos, así como la frecuencia con la cual se comunican sobre temas vinculados al cuidado de la salud sexual. Se evaluó a 320 hombres (M= 16.33 años) pertenecientes a una Comunidad de Diagnóstico del D.F. Los resultados mostraron que los adolescentes tienen un perfil sexual de riesgo, ya que iniciaron su vida sexual a los trece años, han tenido múltiples parejas sexuales y han llevado a cabo distintas prácticas sexuales sin protección, así como relaciones sexuales bajo la influencia del alcohol o drogas. La comunicación con padres y el apoyo y supervisión que los jóvenes perciben de ellos, tuvo un efecto diferencial por el sexo de los padres en la edad del debut sexual, frecuencia del uso del condón y frecuencia de relaciones sexuales bajo los efectos del alcohol y drogas. Los resultados se discuten en términos de la importancia de considerar a los padres en el desarrollo de estrategias encaminadas a promover la salud sexual en esta población.

La alergia a las proteínas de la leche de vaca (APLV) es una entidad que se ve día a día con mayor frecuencia en la consulta pediátrica. Comparte síntomas con el reflujo gastroesofágico (RGE), lo que en un momento podría dificultar el diagnóstico diferencial.

La linfangiectasia intestinal primaria es una enfermedad congénita rara descrita por Waldmann en 1961, y que es consecuencia de una obstrucción del drenaje linfático del intestino delgado con dilatación secundaria de los vasos linfáticos, que distorsionan la arquitectura de las vellosidades ocasionando pérdida de linfa hacia la luz intestinal,dando como resultado una enteropatía perdedora de proteínas y malabsorción de nutrimentos.

El propósito del estudio fue investigar si la cercanía fraterna por configuración diádica de sexo y rol (hermano/a mayor/menor) predice el uso del condón o si tiene un papel mediador en variables parentales asociadas al uso del preservativo. Participaron 592 universitarios elegidos con un muestreo no probabilístico. Se evaluó la comunicación sexual con padres, estilos parentales, cercanía fraterna y frecuencia del uso del condón en los últimos seis meses. Las mujeres con una hermana mayor usan frecuentemente el preservativo a diferencia de los varones. La cercanía con el hermano menor en mujeres (β-) y con la hermana menor en varones son predictores del uso del condón. Las variables parentales se constituyeron como predictoras de la cercanía fraterna pero no del uso del condón. Se discuten la importancia de incluir en el análisis de la conducta sexual protegida al grupo fraterno en relación con variables parentales, para así tener una interpretación de cómo la familia influye en el comportamiento sexual.

This study focuses upon the morphologic and molecular features of the layer of cells, termed the “biomembrane,” which forms around methacrylate spacers in bone segmental defects. The objective of this research was to assess the biomembrane formed in a novel rodent femoral segmental defect model at 4, 8, and 16 weeks with histologic and molecular studies.

Los propósitos de este estudio fueron identificar las variables que predicen la intención de usar condón en adolescentes sin experiencia sexual, y conocer el papel que desempeñan los padres en dichas variables. Se obtuvo información de 290 estudiantes y sus padres (n=290) mediante un instrumento de autoinforme. Los resultados mostraron que los jóvenes tienen mayor intención de usar condón en la medida que se perciben capaces de usarlo (autoeficacia). Los padres tuvieron una influencia en variables mediadoras de la autoeficacia a través de sus conocimientos sobre uso del condón, estereotipos hacia el cuidado de la salud sexual, expectativas positivas hacia la comunicación y mediante la comunicación que establecen con sus hijos sobre relaciones sexuales. Los resultados de esta investigación se discuten considerando la importancia de contar con medidas de autoinforme tanto de los padres como de sus hijos y su pertinencia para el establecimiento de relación entre ambos. Se enfatiza el papel que desempeñan los padres en variables precursoras de la conducta sexual protegida de sus hijos y se analizan las implicaciones de este estudio en programas de intervención orientados a la prevención

El síndrome de nevos azules ahulados (SNAA) es un síndrome poco frecuente, que se caracteriza por la presencia de múltiples malformaciones vasculares en piel y tracto gastrointestinal. También pueden verse afectados otros órganos con diferentes manifestaciones clínicas tales como artralgias, epistaxis, hemoptisis, hematuria, hemotórax, trombocitopenia leve, coagulopatía por consumo y deformaciones óseas, entre otras. Se presenta el caso en un niño de nueve años de edad con SNAA, con manifestaciones clínicas características, tales como lesiones cutáneas puntiformes de color violáceo con tamaño variable y malformaciones vasculares gastrointestinales con sangrado de tubo digestivo.

Eliminating players and formed four teams, chosen by We are also blessed to have parental support conditioning drills was the biggest difference the four coaches. Coaches Fred Lewis,Abe ,s-- Montijo, Sean Lenning and Luis Estrella found a way to make the game safe and memorable for all of their Juinor Handball:--..Ji =S Players. YOUTH HANDBALL: FLF JUNIORTHREE-WALL ~ Fred Lewis Foundation: Tucson strong NZY" 4 Coaches Luis Estrella(pink: Pink Panthers), Abraham Montijo(orange: Daredevils), Sean Lenning (yellow: Yellow Jackets) and Fred Lewis (black: Raiders)drafted players in their program to compete in a team-style tournament to end the year. [Extracted from the article]