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Copyright of China Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery is the property of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, College of Stomatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses a case report that highlights the importance of visual field testing in diagnosing neurological conditions. The case involves a patient with antiphospholipid syndrome and a cerebral vascular malformation who presented with neurological visual field loss. The article emphasizes the need for communication between different medical disciplines in managing patients with conflicting systemic diagnoses. The patient's visual field testing revealed a left superior paracentral scotoma in both eyes, indicating new-onset intracranial pathology in the right occipital lobe. An MRI confirmed the presence of a stable cavernous malformation and a new occipital lobe infarct. The patient was admitted to the hospital for further care. The document also provides education guidelines and learning objectives for optometry students, emphasizing the importance of visual field testing in identifying neurological field loss and differentiating conditions for appropriate referral. Optometrists can play a crucial role in diagnosing and managing these conditions and communicating with other healthcare providers. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Co-herencia is the property of Universidad EAFIT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In-air handwriting based on a monocular camera is an innovative and promising modality for human–computer interaction, offering a plethora of potential applications. However, existing in-air handwriting systems based on monocular camera suffer a significant challenge in determining the spatial coordinates of fingertips using two-dimensional images from a monocular camera. Since the size of the fingertip is very small and has very few discriminative features. To tackle this challenge, we propose a Multi-Scale Channel Attention Network (MSCAN). Through weighting multi-scale channels, the MSCAN facilitates the concentration of target detection models on high-resolution, small-scale channels, thus enhancing fingertip localization precision. We integrate the MSCAN with the YOLOv5s model to realize a novel in-air handwriting system based on monocular vision. We conducted comparative experiments on a self-constructed fingertip dataset and several publicly available small-target datasets. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of fingertip and small-target detection. The detection rate of fingertips reaches 98%, indicating that the proposed in-air handwriting system enables users to write freely and smoothly. • We proposed a MSCAN to enhance detection accuracy in small target detection. • Incorporating the MSCAN and leveraging monocular vision, we develop an in-air handwriting system. • We gathered in-air handwriting data through the collaboration of volunteers. • Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed in-air handwriting system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Picking up and utilizing visual information is thought to be of high importance in the control of trampoline skills. Yet, the question arises how information from the different vision systems contributes to trampoline gymnastics performance. The aim of this study was to examine the role of binocular and monocular visual information in trampoline gymnastics. N = 12 gymnasts performed straight leaps on the trampoline under full vision, monocular vision, and under occluded vision. Gymnasts’ preferred flight duration as well as gymnasts’ variable error in feet placement on the trampoline bed were analysed by means of an optic movement analysis system. Results revealed that gymnasts exhibited longer flight duration in the binocular vision condition and the monocular vision condition, as compared to the occluded vision condition. Gymnasts furthermore exhibited a larger variable error in feet placement with less visual information available. It is argued that gymnasts benefit from the availability of binocular information in order to perform precise leaps on the trampoline. Nevertheless, utilizing visual cues in trampoline gymnastics seems to depend on the current configuration of task-constraints (i.e., performing straight leaps vs. somersaults with and without twists). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amblyopia is a common cause of monocular vision impairment and disproportionally affects developmentally delayed children. Photoscreeners have been suggested as a method to detect amblyopia risk factors (ARFs) in children with developmental disabilities who may not be amenable to traditional vision screening methods. The Spot Vision Screener is a commonly used photoscreener for detecting ARF and has shown excellent sensitivity and accuracy in the general pediatric population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its accuracy in children with Down syndrome and other special needs. Children with various disabilities or delays were recruited from outpatient clinics at the Children's Hospital of Colorado. Participants had their photograph taken with Spot before and after pupil dilation and cycloplegia. Images were compared to results of a comprehensive clinical eye examination. A total of 100 children participated in the study. Images could not be obtained in 12 children; 5 children did not attend their clinical examination. The overall sensitivity of Spot was 90%, with a positive predictive value of 80% in undilated subjects. The area under the receiver operator curve (AUROC) was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.57-0.79), which did not differ significantly from the AUROC after dilation/cycloplegia (0.68; 95% CI, 0.54-0.81). The Spot Vision Screener could be used by primary care clinics and vision screening programs with a high sensitivity to determine which patients with Down syndrome and special needs should be referred for clinical examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology is the property of Beijing University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the characteristics of large amount of computation, slow running speed and poor real-time quality in virtual reality pose estimate, a monocular camera-based image recognition method is proposed to obtain the spatial pose data of the object to be tracked efficiently. Mean-Shift algorithm is used to solve the problem of dynamic blur caused by high-speed rotation of objects in images. By obtaining the a priori shape data and size of the object to be tracked, so on as the constraint condition, the coordinates of the points marked by ArUco and the camera data of the calibrated data are obtained, and the three-dimensional space pose of the object to be tracked is obtained in real time in the world coordinate system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present a new algebraic method to solve the perspective-three-point (P3P) problem, which directly computes the rotation and position of a camera in the world frame without the intermediate derivation of the points in the camera frame. Unlike other online methods, the proposed method uses an “object” coordinate frame, in which the known 3D coordinates are sparse, facilitating formulations of the P3P problem. Additionally, two auxiliary variables are introduced to parameterize the rotation and position matrix, and then a closed-form solution for the camera pose is obtained from subsequent substitutions. This algebraic approach makes the processes more easily followed and significantly improves the performance. Experimental results demonstrated that our method offers accuracy and precision comparable to the existing state-of-the art methods but it has better computational efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents the problem of safe and fast transportation of packages by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) kind quadrotor. A mathematical model and a control strategy for a special class of underactuated mechanical systems, composed of a quadrotor transporting a cable-suspended payload, are proposed. The Euler-Lagrange formulation is used to obtain the dynamic model of the system, where the integrated dynamics of the quadrotor, cable and payload are considered. An Interconnection and Damping Assignment-Passivity Based Control (IDA-PBC) is chosen because of its inherent robustness against parametric uncertainty and unmodeled dynamics. Two cases are considered to obtain two different control laws, in the first case, the designed control law depends on the swing angle of the payload, in the second case the control law does not depend on it. The control objective is to transport the payload from point to point, with swing reduction along trajectory. Experimental results using monocular vision based navigation are shown to evaluate the proposed control law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present an end-to-end system for structure and motion computation in a Manhattan layout from monocular videos. Unlike most SFM algorithms that rely on point feature matching, only line matches are considered in this work. This may be convenient in indoor environment characterized by extended textureless walls, where point features may be scarce. Our system relies on the notion of “characteristic lines”, which are invariants of two views of the same parallel line pairs on a surface of known orientation. Experiments with indoor video sequences demonstrate the robustness of the proposed system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the Greater Long Island Dental Meeting with Suffolk County Dental Society on 12 April, 2022.

• BCI system based on monocular vision and motor imagery EEG is proposed to realize the UAV indoor space target searching. • BCI system mainly consists of the monocular vision navigation and decision subsystems. • Monocular vision navigation uses SIFT and BF to extract and match feature points, and provides feasible flight directions. • BCI system applies two BPFs to preprocess the raw EEG signals and adopts the CSP to spatially filter the EEG signals. • Decision subsystem utilizes the single convolutional layer CNN to realize MI tasks feature extraction and classification. This paper puts forward a brain computer interface (BCI) system that integrates the monocular vision navigation and decision subsystems to realize the indoor three-dimensional (3D) space target searching with a low speed Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The monocular vision navigation subsystem provides 3D space feasible flight directions for the decision subsystem. It utilizes the Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm and Brute-Force (BF) algorithm to extract the key points and match the extracted feature points. Obstacles and their positions are estimated by comparing the changes in the size of key points and the ratio of the size of the "convex points" area of the interest targets. The decision subsystem collects four kinds of motor imaginary (MI) tasks (left/right-hand, feet and tongue) electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from 15 electrodes firstly. Then, it applies two fifth-order Butterworth Band-Pass Filter (BPF) to preprocess the raw MI tasks EEG signals. Next, it adopts the Common Spatial Pattern (CSP) to spatially filter the preprocess EEG signals. To implement the quaternary classification,the decision subsystem utilizes the single convolutional layer Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to realize the MI tasks EEG signals feature extraction, classification and final feasible flight direction decision finally. During this process, the spectrograms of the spatially filtered signals are given as the input to CNN. The actual indoor 3D space target searching experiment verifies that this BCI system has good adaptability and control stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposed a measurement correction based multi-rate Kalman integrated method for the problem of spacecraft relative navigation using monocular vision and IMU. This algorithm divides the entire filtering process into two separate stages: measurement updating stage and time updating one. The sampling rate of the IMU as a fast one is generally chosen as the filtering period of the integrated naviga-tion system. Moreover, in each sampling period, the filter determinates whether to update the measure-ments of the vision system with slow sampling rate, andthe measurements are also used to modify the covariance matrix of measurement noise and state estimation error. Both theoretical analysis and mathematical simulations indicate that multi-rate Kalman filtering algorithm using measurement correction can increase the data output rate and improve filter performance as well as the redundancy of the relative navigation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historically popular, the well established monocular-SLAM is however subject to some limitations. The advent of cheap depth sensors allowed to circumvent some of these. Related methods frequently focus heavily on depth data. However these sensors have their own weaknesses. In some cases it is more appropriate to use both intensity and depth informations equally. We first conduct a few experiments in optimal conditions to determine how to use good quality information in our monocular based SLAM. From this we propose a lightweight SLAM designed for small constrained environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at non-cooperative spacecraft with rectangular structures, a more simple and general relative attitude determination algorithm was deduced by expressing the relative attitude in the form of coordination transformation matrix. To verify the method, the image acquisition and processing system was designed based on MATLAB, and using STK the target simulator was built. Furthermore a ground test system was established, and the tests of flying around in the orbit plane and out of the orbit plane were performed. The results indicate that the relative attitude determination algorithm can derive the relative attitude of non-cooperative spacecraft exactly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A linear monocular vision determination method is proposed based on feature point extraction for orbit target capture. With a consideration of the interference from the highlight facula, the feature point extraction method based on geometry index threshold is designed, and the influence from highlight facula posed on the extraction is obviously suppressed. After that, the relative pose and position determination algorithm is developed based on nonlinear terms transformation. Compared with the nonlinear propagation method, the proposed method can work stably with low computation load. Finally the ground-based monocular vision system is established, and he vision determination experiments are carried out when target is floating slowly. The accuracy and real time performance of the vision determination method are illustrated by simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper describes a sophisticated method to track irises in a monocular video sequence with a particle filter that uses a newly proposed Iris-Eyelid separability filter (IESF). In order to reduce the influence of eyelids and to cope with the variance of the appearance of eyes of different people, we propose an Iris-Eyelid separability filter (IESF), and use it to estimate the likelihood of hypotheses in the particle filter. We confirmed that our method has the ability of tracking various eyes for different people whose head motion including translation, rotation and zoom, even when people are wearing glasses. Through the comparative experiments of the IESF and the conventional circular separability filter (CCSF), we confirmed that our iris tracking algorithm is more robustly. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

To investigate binocular single vision, we examined monocular contrast sensitivity during binocular fixation by changing the intervals between the beginning of fixation and a probe stimulus, within 10 seconds. Monocular contrast sensitivities were quite stable within 1 s of the interval delay in both eyes, but they were reduced in either eye if the interval delay was more than ls (Experiment 1). In Experiment 2, a similar stimulus was monocularly presented. In this case, decline of contrast sensitivity was not observed in either eye. In Experiment 3, when the stimulus was interrupted briefly before the probe presentation, the contrast sensitivity was recovered. These results suggest that after prolonged viewing the binocular system does not sustain either eye sensitivity equally unless there is interruption of the binocular stimulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The current approach to the treatment of amblyopia is problematic for a number of reasons. First, it promotes recovery of monocular vision but because it is not designed to promote binocularity, its binocular outcomes often are disappointing. Second, compliance is poor and variable. Third, the effectiveness of the treatment is thought to decrease with increasing age. We discuss 2 new approaches aimed at recovering visual function in adults with amblyopia. The first is a binocular approach to amblyopia treatment that is showing promise in initial clinical studies. The second is still in development and involves the use of well-established noninvasive brain stimulation techniques to temporarily alter the balance of excitation and inhibition in the visual cortex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The monocular vision-based navigation algorithm for spacecraft is addressed in this paper. Based on dual number, coupled dynamics equations of relative position and attitude are derived, which can describe the coupling effect between the rotational motion and translational motion. The measurement model is proposed on the basis of the projection on the 2 - D plane of the line fixed on the target spacecraft. And the Extended Kal-man Filtering method is applied to the estimation problem. Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate that the proposed approaches can provide accurate and fast estimation of relative position and attitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper briefly discusses the depth estimation method for a mobile platform using monocular vision. The biggest challenge for autonomous mobile platform in an unknown environment is the accuracy in the estimation of the distance and the position of obstacles around them. In order for them to safely navigate from one position to another, reliable range sensors are needed to detect any obstacle that blocked their path. Vision sensor can be used for the purpose, as it can provide a better and cost-effective solution. The method discussed in this paper requires a simple calibration. The data obtained from calibration process will be used to generate the equation for depth estimation procedure. The results presented in this paper testify the reliability of the methodology used for depth estimation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The availability and low price of single camera makes them an attractive sensor to develop more sophisticated applications in the field of robotic system. Person detection and tracking systems are important capabilities for applications as a service robot in hospital environment. This work presents a simple method that able to visually detect and track specific person using a single camera based on hybridization method of image information. This method is applied to estimate the position and orientation of a moving target person in crowded hospital environment that can be a nurse or a doctor. The range between the target person and the mobile robot can be computed in real-time using a set of markers so that the robot can control its speed and direction to follow the target person as closely as possible. The experimental results show that proposed algorithm can detect target person under various conditions such as marker features, lighting and in complex backgrounds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Journal of Optometry is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: In this paper, we implement a monocular vision navigation system on a mobile robot which can travel in known outdoor environment. The system uses 5 different sensors on the robot which are monocular color camera, laser radar, sonar, gyroscopes and optical encoder. And the robot can cruise independently in known continuous structured and unstructured road environment mainly through the vision navigation module. There are road recognition module, signs recognition module, stop line recognition module, zebra crossing recognition module, obstacle sensing module, control module and communication module. The system utilizes multi-threading technology to collaborate different modules in the same control cycle and automatic state machine to switch different control modes. Experimental results show that the robot can accomplish autonomous cruise task on the predetermined route and operate stably when it is in a good lighting conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Pose estimation for monocular vision has become an active research topic. Line features outperform high-level features in locating object at some respects. For present method, three lines can produce three non-linear equations about unknows of three rotation angles. Each non-linear equation is relatively complex. As for this problem, we presents a new mathematical model for pose estimation in monocular vision. This method takes the directions of three object lines as unknowns. Each line has three unknows about directions. Then, there exists nine unknows about three object lines. Then we can get nine non-linear equations about nine unknows in this new mathematical model. This new mathematical model converts vision estimation problem into solving nine non-linear equations about nine unknows. Each non-linear equation has relatively easy expression. Thus, this new vision mathematical model we set up is relatively easy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article discusses a study that determined the extent to which neural responses to the visual information from an amblyopic eye are suppressed during binocular viewing. Event-related potentials (ERP) to foveal face stimuli in amlyopic patients, both in monocular and binocular viewing conditions were measured. Results showed no difference in the amplitude and latency of early components of ERP responses between the binocular and fellow eye stimulation.

Abstract: This paper proposes two complementary road edge detection methods for unstructured roads. The methods can be used for visual navigation and intelligent control of mobile robots. One method is color-based, which is applicable to the circumstance that the road and off-road areas have obvious color difference; the other is based on threshold segmentation and can be applied even the road boundary is not clear. On the other hand, shadow has enormous impact on threshold segmentation method, but color-based method is not sensitive to it. These make the two methods complementary. Furthermore, on the basis of edge detection, inverse perspective projection transformation is carried out to calculate running state of the robots. Through experiments on mobile robot platform, verifications that the two proposed methods complement each other in different road environments well are made. The experiments also show that the methods achieve high accuracy in initial positioning and meet requirement of real-time. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In view of the monocular measurement of distance, a model of monocular measurement of distance based on particle filter is proposed by introducing particle filter algorithm into the system of monocular measurement of distance in this paper. The mature technique of other ranging methods can be embedded into this model. Then the detection and ranging of a target can be implemented under multi-jamming environment. The concrete realization of monocular measurement of distance based on particle filter and the way of embedding other ranging methods in the platform is mainly discussed in this thesis. The results of experiment show that the detection of frontage obstacle and the estimation of a target could be realized better under the harsh road environment, having high accuracy and efficiency. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In wind tunnel tests, the pose of the aircraft model in wire-driven parallel suspension system (WDPSS) is determined by driving several wires. Pose measurement is very important for the study of WDPSS. Using machine vision technology, Monocular Vision Measurement System has been constructed to estimate the pose of the aircraft model by applying a camera calibration, by extracting corresponding control points for the aircraft model, and by applying several homogeneous transformations. This article describes the programs of the measurement system, measurement principle and data processing methods which is based on HALCON to achieve the Solution of the pose of aircraft model. Through experiments, practical feasibility of the system is validated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In the paper, an algorithm is proposed for improving the data association in robot visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). The detection of speeded-up robust feature (SURF) is employed in the algorithm to provide a robust description for image features as well as a better representation of landmarks in the map of a visual SLAM system. Meanwhile, a likelihood-based tracking window and a nearest-neighbor (NN) method are utilized to match the high-dimensional data sets created for SURF. Experiments are carried out on a hand-held camera to verify the performances of the proposed algorithm for dealing with the data association problem in robot visual SLAM. The results show that the integration of the SURF features, the tracking window and the NN method is efficient in reducing the computational time and increasing the rate of successful feature matching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To describe a video-documented assessment of cataract type in the eyes of patients with monocular infantile cataract who were enrolled in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study. Methods: The Infant Aphakia Treatment Study is a randomized clinical trial in which the investigators compared intraocular lens (IOL) versus contact lens correction in 114 infants, aged 28 days to <7 months. A total of 83 videos were available for morphological analysis of cataract. Three examiners reviewed all surgical recordings and agreed on the cataract characteristics by using a score sheet to record the lens layer or configuration of the opacity. Results: Nuclear cataract was present in 45 of 83 eyes (54%). Posterior capsule plaque was observed in 73 eyes (88%). All eyes with fetal nuclear cataract had associated posterior capsule plaque. Cortical cataract without nuclear involvement was seen in 21 eyes (25%). Posterior bowing of the posterior capsule was noted in 4 eyes (5%). Evidence of persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) was present in 18 eyes (22%). PFV was the only finding in 5 eyes but was also seen in combination with nuclear (7 eyes) and cortical cataracts (6 eyes). The entire lens was white in 3 eyes (4%), whereas the lens was partially resorbed in 7 (8%) eyes. Anterior capsule fibrosis was noted in 5 eyes with advanced cataract (1 with total cataract, 4 with partially resorbed lens). Conclusions: Nuclear opacities were common, but many different cataract types presented in infancy. PFV occurred in isolation or in association with cataract. Posterior capsule plaque was frequently noted, especially when a nuclear cataract was present.▪ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Individuals with alternating fixation due to strabismus have often been considered prime examples of monocular visual function. A growing body of evidence suggests, however, that, at least in the case of a fixed-angle strabismus, excitatory binocular function is possible in the strabismic visual cortex if interocular suppression is taken into account. We investigated whether excitatory binocular function might also be possible for patients with alternating strabismus. Methods: Suprathreshold binocular interaction was tested in two individuals with alternating fixation and no amblyopia using a dichoptic motion coherence paradigm that can measure and account for interocular suppression. Results: Both participants exhibited strong interocular suppression when stimuli of the same contrast were presented to each eye, whereas no such suppressive interactions were present for controls; however, in significantly reducing the contrast of the stimuli presented to the fixing eye, excitatory binocular interactions were demonstrated in both participants similar to those measured in controls without the contrast imbalance. Conclusions: The cortical mechanisms necessary for combining information from the two eyes seem to have been present but suppressed in our 2 participants with alternating fixation, just as they have been shown to be present in patients with fixed-angle strabismus.▪ [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Sensory lateralization in dogs (n = 74) was investigated in this study using our innovation, the Sensory Jump Test. This required the modification of head halters to create three different ocular treatments (binocular, right, and left monocular vision) for eye preference assessment in a jumping task. Ten jumps were recorded as a jump set for each treatment. Measurements recorded included (i) launch and landing paws, (ii) type of jump, (iii) approach distance, (iv) clearance height of the forepaw, hindpaw, and the lowest part of the body to clear the jump, and (v) whether the jump was successful. Factors significantly associated with these jump outcomes included ocular treatment, jump set number, and replication number. Most notably, in the first jump set, findings indicated a left hemispheric dominance for the initial navigation of the Sensory Jump Test, as left monocular vision (LMV) compromised of jumping more than right monocular (RMV) and binocular vision, with a significantly reduced approach distance and forepaw clearance observed in dogs with LMV. However, by the third jump set, dogs undergoing LMV launched from a greater approach distance and with a higher clearance height, corresponding to an increase in success rate of the jump, in comparison with RMV and binocular vision dogs. A marginally non-significant RMV bias was observed for eye preference based on the laterality indices for approach distance (P = 0.060) and lowest body part clearance height (P = 0.067). A comparison between eye preference and launching or landing paws showed no association between these measures of sensory and motor laterality. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report on sensory lateralization in the dog, and furthermore, to compare both motor and sensory laterality in dogs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

New technologies and techniques allow novel kinds of visualizations and different types of 3D visualizations are constantly developed. We propose a categorization of 3D visualizations and, based on this categorization, evaluate two versions of a space-time cube that show discrete spatiotemporal data. The two visualization techniques used are a head-tracked stereoscopic visualization (‘strong 3D’) and a static monocular visualization (‘weak 3D’). In terms of effectiveness and efficiency the weak 3D visualization is as good as the strong 3D and thus the need for advanced 3D visualizations in these kinds of tasks may not be necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking relative pose determination of non-cooperative spacecraft as research background, a monocular vision measurement scheme by using natural features of the target spacecraft was proposed to solve the problem that the measuring markers can not be installed on target spacecraft. A robust algorithm of monocular vision relative pose determination was presented based on Randomized RANdom SAmple Consensus (R-RANSAC) against the issue of gross error increase caused by the only use of natural features of non-cooperation spacecraft. The R-RANSAC was used to eliminate the gross error in the algorithm firstly, and then other types of errors were reduced taking advantage of iterative algorithm of relative pose determination based on feature points to further improve the determination accuracy. Different from computer vision techniques for RVD (Rendezvous and Docking) spacecraft, the proposed method does not require specialized markers to be presented on the target, therefore it is applicable to the non-cooperation relative pose determination. The mathematical simulation results show the availability and reliability of the presented algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]