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Purpose: To improve the pavement roughnesss, optimize the manholes structure and redude the damage of the manholes and pavement around manholes, the mechanical response and fatigue life of the pavement around manholes under impact load are studied. Methods: First, the damage to the pavement around the manholes was invested, and the damage types and ranges (diameters) of pavement damage around the manholes were analyzed. Second, considering the deformation and vibration of the manhole cover, a coupled vibration model of half truck-manhole cover was established to calculate the impact load coefficient. Finally, a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model was built, and the mechanical response characteristics and fatigue life of the pavement around manholes under impact load were analyzed. Results: The results show that manhole settlement and pavement cracks constitute the main damage, with pit slot damage and deformation damage of the pavement around the manhole being limited. The radius of pavement damage size is mainly distributed in the range of 0.4–0.8 m, and the maximum radius of damage size is 1.2 m. Under the excitation of pavement damage and manhole settlement, a truck produces a large impact load. Under certain conditions, the maximum impact load coefficient is 1.35. Greater flexural–tensile stress of the pavement around the manhole occurs under impact load. Therefore, fatigue failure can easily occur in the pavement around manholes under repeated truck loads. With the increase of driving speed, pavement damage, manhole settlement and pavement slope change rate, the fatigue life of the pavement is decreased significantly. With the increase of the compaction degree of the pavement and subgrade, the fatigue life of the pavement is increased. Conclusions: During the construction and maintenance of the pavement around manholes, the compaction degree of the subgrade and pavement should be paid close attention, and pavement damage should be treated quickly.