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Radiomics is a progressive field aiming to quantitatively assess the diversity within and between tumors using image analysis. It holds tremendous promise for tracking tumor treatment progress over time. This review summarizes recent advances in ensuring the stability, repeatability, and reproducibility of radiomic analyses. It covers various factors influencing the radiomics process and potential variables that can affect stability. The study also proposes strategies to enhance the reliability of both radiomic features and models. Additionally, we highlight the importance of stability in each radiomic phase to achieve the cut-off stable model. Moreover, we discuss the details of using the radiomics quality score (RQS) to evaluate radiomics research, guiding researchers in formulating reasonable research designs to promote more stable radiomic models.

• High quality yellow-emitting Ce:GdYAG PiG can be successfully synthesized by a facile solid-state sintering method. • Ce:GdYAG PiG presents an excellent IQE of 91% and a high thermal conductivity of 1.844 W m−1 K−1. • Ce:GdYAG PiG displays a LE of 163.5 lm/W, high CRI of 74.8 and low CCT of 4806.8 K under blue laser excitation. • The color of the modular LDs (constructed by Ce:GdYAG PiG) converts from blue to yellow which realizes chromaticity adjustment easily. Stable, efficient and high color rendering index all-inorganic color converters are urgently demanded for white laser diodes. Phosphor-in-glass (PiG), possessing the advantages of phosphors excellent quantum efficiency as well as favorable chemical and thermal stability of glass, has attracted widespread attention. There have been only very few reports of Y 1.31 Ce 0.09 Gd 1.6 Al 5 O 12 (Ce:GdYAG) PiG for solid-state laser lighting. Herein, a series of Ce:GdYAG PiG samples are fabricated by a simple solid-state sintering method. Impressively, the supreme internal quantum efficiency of as-prepared PiG is 91%, which is very close to original phosphors (95%). Furthermore, PiG exhibits a high thermal conductivity (1.844 W m−1 K−1) and a maximum transparency (62%). Remarkably, by changing the concentration of phosphors and the thickness of PiG samples, a luminous efficacy of 163.5 lm/W, high color rendering index of 74.8 and low correlated color temperature of 4806.8 K are achieved under blue laser irradiation. These results indicate that the Ce:GdYAG PiG samples have shown tremendous application foreground as all-inorganic color converter for solid-state laser lighting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• With further the integration of green-emitting CsPbBr3@glasses powder, a flexible film with white light-emitting were obtained by sandwiching and gluing mixed glasses powders between two layers of hydrophobic and transparent PET films. • A high-resolution backlight image is acquired by putting PET composite film into the backlight device. • The content of lead can hardly dissolve from ZnO induced self-crystallized CsPb(Br/I)3@glass, indicating its excellent environmental friendliness. • The maximum PLQY of the obtaining CsPb(Br/I)3@glass composite is of 30% with the content of ZnO was 13 mol%. • The FWHM (34–44 nm) can be well modified by tailoring the content of ZnO. • ZnO can not only be used as a flux to reduce the sintering temperature of glass, but also as a network modifier to make the glass structure more stable. • wLEDs are constructed and applied in backlit display, achieving a color gamut covering up 126% of NTSC and 93.4% of Rec. 2020. • The outstanding stability towards water, cyclic thermal and 455 nm LED irradiation benefit from the protection of the robust glass matrix. In the current situation of energy shortages, saving energy and reducing consumption are undoubtedly valid methods to relieve the pressure on resources. CsPb X 3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) perovskites as star inorganic materials have drawn growing attention owing to their unique properties, making them suitable for applications such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells, photodetectors, or lasers. This work presents zinc oxide (ZnO) induced self-crystallized CsPb(Br/I) 3 perovskite with a 26% photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) prepared by the traditional melt-quenching method. Furthermore, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) (34–44 nm) can be regulated by the ZnO content. In addition, as a downconverter, CsPb(Br/I) 3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) realize a bright red backlight that covers ≈ 94% Rec. 2020 standards in the CIE 1931 color space and 126% of National Television System Committee (NTSC). This finding undoubtedly confirms an effective path for fabricating perovskite materials in a green, low-cost, and time-saving way, enriching the knowledge of glass crystallization mechanisms and promoting their applications in wide color gamut backlights. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We proposed to use SiO2and POE to encapsulate perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs). We have successfully prepared a series of perovskite composite materials and films with different concentration ratios. Due to the protection of POE, the luminous intensity of CsPbBr3@POE composite film remained above 90% after stayed in the water for 42 days.

In this work, Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1in borosilicate glass was successfully synthesized by the melt quenching annealing technique and crystallization method. This work reports a novel Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1perovskite quantum dots (QDs) glass with high sensitivity for optical temperature sensing. The relation of fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) with the temperature was studied in the temperature range of 80–440 K. Notably, the maximum absolute temperature sensitivity (Sa) and relative temperature sensitivity (Sr) of Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1perovskite QDs glass can reach as high as 0.0315 K–1and 3.097%/K, respectively. Meanwhile, Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1QDs glass demonstrates good water resistance, excellent thermal and cold cycling stability performance. The Eu3+-doped QDs glass materials can bring inspiration to the future exploration of rare earth ion-doped QDs glass material on the application of optical temperature sensing in the future.

RNF20, an E3 ligase critical for monoubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine 120 (H2Bub), has been implicated in the regulation of various cellar processes; however, its physiological roles in adipocytes remain poorly characterized. Here, we report that the adipocyte-specific knockout of Rnf20(ASKO) in mice led to progressive fat loss, organomegaly and hyperinsulinemia. Despite signs of hyperinsulinemia, normal insulin sensitivity and improved glucose tolerance were observed in the young and aged CD-fed ASKO mice. In addition, high-fat diet-fed ASKO mice developed severe liver steatosis. Moreover, we observed that the ASKO mice were extremely sensitive to a cold environment due to decreased expression levels of brown adipose tissue (BAT) selective genes, including uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1), and impaired mitochondrial functions. Significantly decreased levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparγ) were observed in the gonadal white adipose tissues (gWAT) from the ASKO mice, suggesting that Rnf20regulates adipogenesis, at least in part, through Pparγ. Rosiglitazone-treated ASKO mice exhibited increased fat mass compared to that of the non-treated ASKO mice. Collectively, our results illustrate the critical role of RNF20 in control of white and brown adipose tissue development and physiological function.

The best research-cell efficiency for quantum dot solar cells has boosted from 11.6 to 18.1% within 5 years due to the evolution of perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) that are being intensively developed along with the flourishing of perovskite thin-film photovoltaics. During the fabrication of PQD devices, as far as we know, methyl acetate (MeOAc) is an ineluctable solvent in ligand exchange for producing highly efficient solar cells. Nevertheless, the reproducibility for PQD solar cells using MeOAc treatment is poor since it has to make a trade-off between removing long-chain organic ligands for high charge transport and keeping them for the stabilization of the black crystal phase. Herein, we demonstrate the degree of MeOAc treatment on CsPbI3PQD solid films in detail and clarify that MeOAc treatment is able to not only remove the oleyl ligands for promoting the charge transport but also passivate the surface defects in the CsPbI3PQD solid films. It is noted that immoderate MeOAc treatment could induce the formation of the δ-phase, leading to the degradation of device performance. After locating the balance for MeOAc treatment, the CsPbI3PQD solar cells are fabricated and optimized without using any additional modifications except MeOAc treatment, and these additive-free devices possess a conversion efficiency surpassing 12%.

All-inorganic halide perovskite (CsPb2Br5) nanocrystals (NCs) have received widespread attention owing to their unique photoelectric properties. This work reports a novel strategy to control the phase transition from CsPbBr3to CsPb2Br5and investigates the effects of different treatment times and treatment temperatures on perovskite NCs formation. By controlling the volume of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) added, the formation of different phases of perovskite powder can be well controlled. In addition, a white light-emitting diode (WLED) device is designed by coupling the CsPbBr3/CsPbBr3–CsPb2Br5NCs@TEOS nanocomposite and CaAlSiN3:Eu2+commercial phosphor with a 460 nm InGaN blue chip, exhibiting a high luminous efficiency of 57.65 lm/W, color rendering index (CRI) of 91, and a low CCT of 5334 K. The CIE chromaticity coordinates are (0.3363, 0.3419). This work provides a new strategy for the synthesis of CsPbBr3/CsPbBr3–CsPb2Br5NCs@TEOS nanocomposite, which can be applied to the field of WLEDs and display devices.

Eu-doped Ce:YAG single crystal (SC) was fabricated by the Czochralski method. The crystal structure, optical and photoelectric property of the constructed w-LED was investigated. The XRD and HRTEM results show that YAG crystal structure has little change when Eu3+, Ce3+are doped. Absorption spectra and photoluminescence spectra show that the Ce,Eu:YAG single crystal can effectively absorb the 460 nm blue light to form a broadband emission center at 530 nm, decay curves of the crystal show that the energy transfer between Ce3+and Eu3+is highly suppressed. Compared with commercial Ce:YAG phosphor, Ce,Eu:YAG exhibits better thermal stability.

Herein, we have introduced rare-earth cations Tb3+and Eu3+into CsPbBr3QDs glass by conventional melt-quenching. Rare-earth cations like Tb3+emit green light, causing the main peak of bromide lead cesium to exhibit some redshift, owing to the energy transfer between CsPbBr3and Tb3+. To achieve adjustable light, Eu3+emits red light, which was doped in this glass with different proportions to solve the problem of red deficiency. More importantly, Tb3+and Eu3+co-doped CsPbBr3QDs glass shows a series of desirable characteristics due to the energy transfer between Tb3+and Eu3+. Interestingly, the blue light radiated by blue chip can excite Tb3+, Eu3+, and CsPbBr3perovskite effectively. We acquired high-performance white light-emitting diodes with color-rendering index, color coordinate transformation, and luminous efficiency of 85.7, 4945 K, and 63.21 lm/W under the current of 20 mA. This acquired Tb3+, Eu3+co-doped CsPbBr3QDs glass proved the significant feasibility of luminescent materials in solid warm light source.

Phosphor-in-glass (PiG) has been prepared into various types of phosphor films owing to its simplicity process, exceptional color purity, and convenient color adjustability. Nevertheless, existing reflective PiGs films have encountered limitations in terms of stability and feasibility as reliable color converters, mainly attributed to issues related to thermal deposition and insufficient optical efficiency. Herein, we propose to use AlN substrate with superior thermal conductivity to coat the TiO2layer to obtain TiO2–AlN (TA), which enhances the reflectivity of blue light to facilitate the light conversion process. By incorporating highly thermally stable LuAG:Ce-PiGs on a TA substrate, the LuAG:Ce-PiTA converter exhibits a luminous flux of 1102 lm@6.4W, and maintains a relative intensity of 94.6% at 473 K benefiting from the high thermal conductivity of 34.1 W/(m·K). The addition of CASN3:Eu to the color converter 50 L&10C-PiTA enables an impressive CRI of 90.7. Relative luminescence intensities of LuAG:Ce-PiTA and 50 L&10C-PiTA only decrease by 5.35% and 3.28%, respectively, in the 24 h illumination aging decay test of the reflective laser module. The results confirm the suitability of the optimally designed TA substrate for LuAG:Ce color converter applications in high-power reflective laser illumination.

All-inorganic perovskite quantum dots (QDs) as high-quality materials for backlight display are still limited by their own low stability. Herein, the crystallization of CsPbBr3(CPB) QDs in glass matrix was promoted by modifying glass network structure with alkaline earth metals (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba). What's more, a washing-heat treatment cycle strategy was used to optimize the best modified sample (CPB-Mg). Among them, CPB-12Mg (add 12%MgO) showed high Photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY=62%) after the cycling process. More surprisingly, the six-step washing-heat treated sample (CPB-12Mg-6) showed excellent stability. When CPB-12Mg-6 was irradiated for 240 h at 60°C, 90% relative humidity (RH) and 880 W/m2blue light power (60°C, 90% RH, 880 W/m2), the original 90% fluorescence emission could still be maintained. Subsequently, a series of CPB-12Mg-6/CsPbBr1.5I1.5@PS light conversion films were prepared by master batch blending method. The backlight conversion film for liquid crystal display (LCD) achieves a wide color gamut that covers 126% of the NTSC 1953 and 93.6% of the Rec.2020 standard. This innovative washing-heat treatment cycle strategy provides a new idea for improving the stability of perovskite quantum dots.

Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) doped monolithic and transparent sodium borosilicate glass has been synthesized by both sol-gel and atmosphere control heat treatment methods. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra in the wavenumber range of 400 to 4000 cm−1were applied to collect variation information of surface groups of the samples in the sintering process. The microstructure of Au NPs in the glass was characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM). Meanwhile, the linear optical properties of the glass were analyzed by UV-vis spectrometer between the wavelength of 300 and 1000 nm, and a broad absorption band around 600 nm was observed. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of the glass were investigated by using Z-scan technique at the wavelength of 800 nm, pulse duration of 190 fs, and repetition rate of 20 Hz. The glass showed saturable absorption and self-focusing nonlinear refraction, and the optical nonlinear susceptibility χ(3)was estimated to be 1.7 × 10−14esu, with the single-pulse energy of 1 μJ.

The integrated and transparent sodium borosilicate glasses that contain copper exhibiting different colors, that is, red, green, and blue were synthesized by combining the sol–gel process and heat treatment in H2gas. To reveal substantially the cause of different colors in the glass, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution TEM (HRTEM) were systematically applied to investigate and determine the microstructure of the doped matter. The results showed three different crystals had formed in the red, green and blue glass, and the sizes of these crystals were range from 9 to 34, 1 to 6, and 1 to 5 nm, respectively. The valence state of copper was further analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). The third-order nonlinear optical properties of the glasses were investigated by using Z-scan technique at the wavelength of 800 nm. Interestingly, the third-order nonlinear absorption of the red, green, and blue glass can be successfully controlled from reverse saturable absorption, no absorption to saturable absorption and the optical nonlinear susceptibility χ(3)of the red, green and blue glass were estimated to be 6.4 × 10–14, 1.6 × 10–14, and 2.6 × 10–14esu in the single-pulse energy of 0.36 μJ, respectively.

A simple biomolecule-assisted synthetic route has been successfully developed to prepare bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) nanorods under solvothermal conditions. In the synthetic system, pentahydrate bismuth nitrate was employed to supply Bi source and L-cystine was used as sulfide source and complexing agent. The morphology, structure, and phase composition of the as-prepared Bi2S3 products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The experimental results show that the nanorods have uniform diameter of 100-200 nm and length of 2-4 μm. The possible formation mechanism for the bismuth sulfide nanorods was discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We report a radical transnitrilation of arylboronic acids with trityl isocyanide in the presence of manganese(III) acetate. Many functional groups can be tolerated in this transformation, and a special positive effect of benzoic acid in this reaction has been observed.

At present, solid-state laser-driven lighting fabricated with blue laser diode (LD) and phosphor has been greatly developed in high-power lighting applications. The major obstacle is the luminescence saturation threshold of the fluorescence conversion material (YAG:Ce). This work successfully prepared a series of high-quality and robust YAG:Ce single crystals. With high quantum efficiency (QE = 92%), regular crystal structure and high thermal conductivity, single-crystal has excellent ability to deal with high radiation flux and thermal accumulation generated by high power. Matching the single-crystal with the laser, the luminous efficiency up to 274 lm/W and saturation threshold of 12 W/mm2are obtained. In addition, the influence of Ce doping concentration and sample processing conditions on the indicators in laser-driven white lighting was systematically studied. The results are of great significance and are believed to promote the development of solid-state laser-driven lighting.

Flower‐like AgBiS2crystals are prepared from mixtures of AgNO3, BiCl3, and L‐cystine dissolved in DMF (autoclave, 200 °C, 12 h).