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Tuberindines A and B (1and 2), truffle alkaloids with intriguing structures, were isolated from Tuber indicumand detected in other truffle species. They appear to arise biosynthetically from amino acid and isosaccharinic units. Compound 1upregulated the expression of organic anion transporters OAT1 and ABCG2 and significantly exhibited antihyperuricemic bioactivity in vitroand in vivo, which might support the value of truffles as a dietary supplement.

Background: Non-textbook outcome (non-TO) represents a new prognostic evaluation index for surgical oncology. The present study aimed to develop new nomograms based on non-TO to predict the mortality and recurrence rate in patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). Methods: The study involved a retrospective analysis of 613 ESCC patients, from the prospectively maintained database from January 2011 to December 2018. All the included ESCC patients underwent MIE, and they were randomly (1:1) assigned to the training cohort (307 patients) and the validation cohort (306 patients). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to analyze the differences recorded between overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). In the case of the training cohort, the nomograms based on non-TO were developed using Cox regression, and the performance of these nomograms was calibrated and evaluated in the validation cohort. Results: Significant differences were recorded for 5-year OS and DFS between non-TO and TO groups (p< 0.05). Multivariate cox analysis revealed that non-TO, intraoperative bleeding, Tstage, and Nstage acted as independent risk factors that affected OS and DFS (p< 0.05). The results for multivariate regression were used to build non-TO-based nomograms to predict OS and DFS of patients with ESCC, the t-AUC curve analysis showed that the nomograms predicting OS and DFS were more accurate as compared to TNM staging, during the follow-up period in the training cohort and validation cohort. Further, the nomogram score was used to divide ESCC patients into low-, middle-, and high-risk groups and significant differences were recorded for OS and DFS between these three groups (p< 0.001). Conclusions: Non-TO was identified as an independent prognostic factor for ESCC patients. The nomograms based on non-TO could availably predict OS and DFS in ESCC patients after MIE.

Rhynchanthus beesianus(Zingiberaceae) has been an important food spice and vegetable in southern China. Fifteen phenolic compounds (1–15) including three new diarylheptanoids, rhynchanines A–C (1–3) and one new phenylpropanoid, 4-O-methylstroside B (9), were isolated from R. beesianusrhizomes. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by comprehensive analyses through NMR, HRMS technique, acid hydrolysis, and Mosher’s reaction. Among them, compound 5is the first isolated natural product and its NMR data are reported. Most of the isolated compounds, especially 3–6and 8, showed significant antioxidant activities on DPPH, ABTS+radical scavenging, and FRAP assays. Furthermore, the antioxidant phenolic compounds were evaluated for their cytoprotective capacity against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG-2 cells. Compounds 3and 5could significantly inhibit reactive oxygen species production, and compounds 3, 5, and 6could remarkably prevent the cell apoptosis. Then, the R. beesianusrhizome, which contained phenolic compounds, might serve as a functional food for potential application on preventing oxidative stress-connected diseases.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence between generic and branded metformin extended‐release (ER) tablets in Chinese subjects. We tested bioequivalence in vitro and in vivo using a comparative dissolution study and a comparative pharmacokinetic trial. Safety assessments were conducted throughout the entire trial period. The dissolution profiles of the generic formulation expressed obvious extended‐release properties, similar to those of the branded formulation (f2> 60.0%). Consistent with the result of the in vitro study, no remarkable differences were found in terms of pharmacokinetic profiles between generic and branded formulations. The 90% confidence intervals of Ln AUC0‐36 h, Ln AUC0‐∞, and Ln Cmaxfrom generic formulation versus branded formulation were 91.4% to 105.0%, 91.3% to 104.7%, and 101.2% to 119.4%, respectively. During the entire trial period, 4 subjects experienced 11 adverse events. All these were mild and spontaneously resolved. The results obtained from the present study suggest that the generic and branded metformin ER tablets were bioequivalent in Chinese subjects.

Ocular changes are traditionally associated with only a few hepatobiliary diseases. These changes are non-specific and have a low detection rate, limiting their potential use as clinically independent diagnostic features. Therefore, we aimed to engineer deep learning models to establish associations between ocular features and major hepatobiliary diseases and to advance automated screening and identification of hepatobiliary diseases from ocular images.

ABSTRACTThis was a phase 1 dose-escalation study of ZR202-CoV, a recombinant protein vaccine candidate containing a pre-fusion format of the spike (S)-protein (S-trimer) combined with the dual-adjuvant system of Alum/CpG. A total of 230 participants were screened and 72 healthy adults aged 18–59 years were enrolled and randomized to receive two doses at a 28-day interval of three different ZR202-CoV formulations or normal saline. We assessed the safety for 28 days after each vaccination and collected blood samples for immunogenicity evaluation. All formulations of ZR202-CoV were well-tolerated, with no observed solicited adverse events ≥ Grade 3 within 7 days after vaccination. No unsolicited adverse events ≥ Grade 3, or serious adverse events related to vaccination occurred as determined by the investigator. After the first dose, detectable immune responses were observed in all subjects. All subjects that received ZR202-CoV seroconverted at 14 days after the second dose by S-binding IgG antibody, pseudovirus and live-virus based neutralizing antibody assays. S-binding response (GMCs: 2708.7 ~ 4050.0 BAU/mL) and neutralizing activity by pseudovirus (GMCs: 363.1 ~ 627.0 IU/mL) and live virus SARS-CoV-2 (GMT: 101.7 ~ 175.0) peaked at 14 days after the second dose of ZR202-CoV. The magnitudes of immune responses compared favorably with COVID-19 vaccines with reported protective efficacy.

Background/Objectives:: Exercise is considered a protective factor in the prevention of type 2 diabetes, although its role as a sole treatment for pre-diabetes remains unknown. The present meta-analysis compared the effect of exercise-only with exercise-diet interventions on plasma glucose levels among a pre-diabetic population. Subjects/Methods:: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess the quality of each trial. Two reviewers independently performed quality assessment of all included articles. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled effect. Results:: A total of 4021 participants from 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis, 2045 of them were in the intervention group and 1976 were in the control group. Compared with the exercise-only interventions, the exercise-diet interventions showed a significant effect on decreasing fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, with a weighted mean difference (WMD) =−0.22 mmol/l, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.25, −0.18 (Z=12.06, P<0.05). The subgroup effect of exercise-only interventions did not produce a statistically significant result (WMD=–0.09 mmol/l, 95% CI: −0.18, 0.00, Z=1.91, P>0.05). According to the intervention periods, the pooled effect in the ⩾2-year group was the highest, and its WMD (95% CI) was −0.24 mmol/l (−0.43,−0.05). The pooled effects were statistically significant among the elderly and those of American and European descent, with WMD (95% CI) being −0.19 mmol/l (95% CI: −0.22, −0.15), −0.17 mmol/l (−0.21,−0.12) and −0.22 mmol/l (−0.27, −0.17), respectively. Conclusions:: Evidence from published trials indicates that exercise-diet interventions showed a significant effect on decreasing FPG levels.

The critical heat flux (CHF) performance of an advanced plutonium-based mixed oxide (MOX) fuel for potential use in a pressure tube heavy water reactor (PT-HWR) has been studied experimentally at Canadian Nuclear Laboratories with an electrically heated string simulator of 43-element fuel bundles. The fuel simulator has a uniform axial power profile and a radial power profile that is representative of the plutonium-based MOX fuel. The measurements of CHF caused by liquid-film dryout were made in the MR-3 heat transfer loop facility using R-134a refrigerant as the working fluid. The test matrix included system pressures from 1.47 to 2.11 MPa, mass flow rates from 12.7 to 14.7 kg/s and inlet temperatures from 31 to 59 °C, which are representative of the water-equivalent reactor operating conditions of 9 to 12.5 MPa pressure, 13.5 to 21.3 kg/s mass flow rate and the desired inlet subcoolings. Compared to conventional natural uranium fuel, the radial power profile of a MOX fuel exhibits a steeper and less even distribution across the fuel element rings, with a relatively higher power in the outer ring. It was found that CHF values of the MOX fuel are significantly lower than those of the natural uranium fuel. Based on the experimental data, a correlation has been derived to account for the effect of radial power profile on CHF. This correlation can be used to evaluate the relative CHF values of advanced or nonconventional fuel designs with radial power profiles deviating from that of natural uranium fuel.

Aiming at QoS multi-objective optimisation,this paper presents an improved genetic algorithm,which has been applied to solving the routing optimisation problem. This algorithm meets the requirements of bandwidth,delay and cost on the basis of router mathematical model. Also,it sets the targets of resource consumption and equilibrium load distribution,which makes the resource consumption least and balances the load distribution,thus, the occurrence of network congestion is reduced. Simulation proves that it has the advantages to certain extent.

An effective and clean new aerobic approach for the synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted benzobisoxazole by using a one-pot reaction of an organic aminoxyl radical as the catalyst is reported. 2,6- Di(thiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-d : 4,5-d´]bisoxazole was synthesized with catalysis by the free radical 4-methoxy-TEMPO and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, HRMS, as well as by elemental analysis, UV/Vis and emission spectroscopy. The crystal structure of the title compound has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a=12.531(1), b=3.8960(2), c = 28.733(2) Å, b = 100:760(1)°, Z = 4. Through intermolecular weak C-H· · ·O hydrogen bonding and p-p stacking interactions, a supramolecular 3D structure is formed.

To explore the anti-aging effects of mild-warming moxibustion on Bcl−2 and PKC expression in peripheral blood and general symptoms in elderly people.

In order to design and fabricate the flexible force sensor , we have researched the piezoresistivity of silicon rubber/ carbon black composites and given the academic calculation formula between pressure and electrical resistivity. The experiments illustrate that the homogenization of carbon black and the elastic modulus of composites can be improved effectively by dispersing nanosize silica filler and using organic solvent . As a result , the piezoresistivity of composites can be improved. Carbon black content of 10% with good pressure-sensitive conductive rubber, heat-sensitive in a certain pressure range is also good.Moreover , the fore - sensitive device fabricated by the composites is free from the limitation of the surface shape of the tested objects which can be widely applied to various squeeze stress measurement on any regular and unregular curve surfaces.

Objective. To investigate the differential protein profile of human lung squamous carcinoma (HLSC) and normal bronchial epithelium (NBE) and provide preliminary results for further study to explore the carcinogenic mechanism of HLSC. Methods. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to purify the target cells from 10 pairs of HLSC tissues and their matched NHBE, respectively. A stable-isotope labeled strategy using iTRAQ, followed by 2D-LC/Q-STAR mass spectrometry, was performed to separate and identify the differential expression proteins. Results. A total of 96 differential expression proteins in the LCM-purified HLSC and NBE were identified. Compared with NBE, 49 proteins were upregulated and 47 proteins were downregulated in HLSC. Furthermore, the expression levels of the differential proteins including HSPB1, CKB, SCCA1, S100A8, as well as S100A9 were confirmed by western blot and tissue microarray and were consistent with the results of quantitative proteomics. Conclusion. The different expression proteins in HLSC will provide scientific foundation for further study to explore the carcinogenic mechanism of HLSC.

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