91 results on '"Efstathiou, Jason A."'
Search Results
2. Dissecting tumor-immune dynamics and radiotherapy response in oligometastatic prostate cancer.
- Author
-
Kamran, Sophia C., Otani, Yukako, Qi, David, Pompa, Isabella R, Dzeng, Richard, Pittie, Rea, Chung, Ella, Otani, Keisuke, Wo, Jennifer Yon-Li, Zietman, Anthony L., Reeves, Patrick, Van Allen, Eliezer Mendel, Efstathiou, Jason A., and Miyamoto, David Tomoaki
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Ensuring Successful Biomarker Studies in Bladder Preservation Clinical Trials for Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
- Author
-
McConkey, David J., Baumann, Brian C., Cooper Greenberg, Stephanie, DeGraff, David J., Delacroix, Scott E., Efstathiou, Jason A., Foster, Jared, Groshen, Susan, Kadel, Edward E., Khani, Francesca, Kim, William Y., Lerner, Seth P., Levin, Trevor, Liao, Joseph C., Milowsky, Matthew I., Meeks, Joshua J., Miyamoto, David T., Mouw, Kent W., Pietzak, Eugene J., Solit, David B., Sundi, Debasish, Tawab-Amiri, Abdul, West, Pamela J., Wobker, Sara E., Wyatt, Alexander W., Apolo, Andrea B., and Black, Peter C.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Definitions, End Points, and Clinical Trial Designs for Bladder Cancer: Recommendations From the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer and the International Bladder Cancer Group.
- Author
-
Kamat, Ashish M., Apolo, Andrea B., Babjuk, Marek, Bivalacqua, Trinity J., Black, Peter C., Buckley, Roger, Campbell, Matthew T., Compérat, Eva, Efstathiou, Jason A., Grivas, Petros, Gupta, Shilpa, Kurtz, Neil J., Lamm, Donald, Lerner, Seth P., Li, Roger, McConkey, David J., Palou Redorta, Joan, Powles, Thomas, Psutka, Sarah P., and Shore, Neal
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Biochemical Recurrence Surrogacy for Clinical Outcomes After Radiotherapy for Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate.
- Author
-
Roy, Soumyajit, Romero, Tahmineh, Michalski, Jeff M., Feng, Felix Y., Efstathiou, Jason A., Lawton, Colleen A.F., Bolla, Michel, Maingon, Philippe, de Reijke, Theo, Joseph, David, Ong, Wee Loon, Sydes, Matthew R., Dearnaley, David P., Tree, Alison C., Carrier, Nathalie, Nabid, Abdenour, Souhami, Luis, Incrocci, Luca, Heemsbergen, Wilma D., and Pos, Floris J.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Dose-Escalated Radiotherapy Alone or in Combination With Short-Term Androgen Deprivation for Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer: Results of a Phase III Multi-Institutional Trial.
- Author
-
Krauss, Daniel J., Karrison, Theodore, Martinez, Alvaro A., Morton, Gerard, Yan, Di, Bruner, Deborah Watkins, Movsas, Benjamin, Elshaikh, Mohamed, Citrin, Deborah, Hershatter, Bruce, Michalski, Jeff M., Efstathiou, Jason Alexander, Currey, Adam, Kavadi, Vivek S., Cury, Fabio L., Lock, Michael, Raben, Adam, Seaward, Samantha Andrews, El-Gayed, Ali, and Rodgers, Joseph P.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Impact of an Expanded Definition of Family History on Outcomes of Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer.
- Author
-
Schneider, Adam C., Chandrasekar, Thenappan, Bowler, Nicholas, Fogg, Ryan, Joon Yau Leong, Gusev, Andrew, Rodgers, Linda H., McCormick, Shelley R., Dahl, Douglas M., Efstathiou, Jason A., Blute, Michael L., Zietman, Anthony L., Chin-Lee Wu, Smith, Matthew R., Van Allen, Eliezer M., Feldman, Adam S., and Salari, Keyan
- Subjects
WATCHFUL waiting ,FAMILY history (Medicine) ,HEREDITARY cancer syndromes ,FAMILY history (Sociology) ,PROSTATE cancer ,GLEASON grading system - Abstract
Purpose: Despite family history being an established risk factor for prostate cancer, the role of a broader definition of family history inclusive of not just prostate cancer but other genetically related malignancies has not been investigated in the active surveillance population. Here, we evaluate the impact of an expanded definition of family history on active surveillance outcomes. Materials and Methods: Patients undergoing active surveillance for prostate cancer at Massachusetts General Hospital from 1997-2019 with detailed data available on family cancer history were identified. Primary outcome was biopsy progression-free survival, and secondary outcomes were treatment-free survival, adverse pathological features at prostatectomy, and biochemical recurrence after treatment. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression. Results: Among 855 evaluable patients, 300 (35.1%) patients had any family history of prostate cancer, and 95 (11.1%) had a family history of related malignancies suggestive of a hereditary cancer syndrome. Family history of prostate cancer alone was not associated with biopsy progression, whereas family history suggestive of a hereditary cancer syndrome was associated with a significantly increased risk of biopsy progression (HR 1.43, 95%CI 1.01-2.02), independent of other known clinicopathological risk factors in multivariable analysis. Similarly, family history suggestive of a hereditary cancer syndrome was associated with significantly lower treatment-free survival (HR 1.58, 95%CI 1.14-2.18) in multivariable analysis. No significant association was found between family history and adverse features on surgical pathology or biochemical recurrence. Conclusions: An expanded family history suggestive of a hereditary cancer syndrome is an independent predictor of biopsy progression during active surveillance. Men with such a family history may still be offered active surveillance but should be counseled regarding the higher risk of disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Sequencing of Androgen-Deprivation Therapy of Short Duration With Radiotherapy for Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer (SANDSTORM): A Pooled Analysis of 12 Randomized Trials.
- Author
-
Ma, Ting Martin, Sun, Yilun, Malone, Shawn, Roach III, Mack, Dearnaley, David, Pisansky, Thomas M., Feng, Felix Y., Sandler, Howard M., Efstathiou, Jason A., Syndikus, Isabel, Hall, Emma C., Tree, Alison C., Sydes, Matthew R., Cruickshank, Claire, Roy, Soumyajit, Bolla, Michel, Maingon, Philippe, De Reijke, Theo, Nabid, Abdenour, and Carrier, Nathalie
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. The Legacy of RTOG/NRG Protocols in Shaping Current Bladder Preservation Therapy in North America.
- Author
-
Kamran, Sophia C. and Efstathiou, Jason A.
- Abstract
For muscle-invasive bladder cancer, the historical, gold standard treatment was radical cystectomy. However, the notion of organ preservation using trimodality therapy (TMT, consisting of maximal transurethral resection of bladder tumor followed by chemoradiation) has been established as a viable treatment alternative to complete removal of the bladder. Despite the lack of direct head-to-head randomized comparisons of TMT to radical cystectomy, the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG)/NRG has spearheaded the use of radiation therapy as part of bladder preservation for years, with prospective data demonstrating similar long-term clinical outcomes to cystectomy series, particularly with contemporary treatment. We summarize these trials and discuss the evolution of bladder preservation throughout the decades, culminating in our current TMT protocols. We further discuss the future of organ-preservation therapy in MIBC, with continued improvement in radiation techniques, incorporation of novel therapies, and personalization of treatment to optimize benefit for bladder cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Multidisciplinary Management and Radiotherapy Recommendations for Clinically and Pathologically Node-positive Bladder Cancer.
- Author
-
Venkatesulu, BhanuPrasad, Liauw, Stanley L., Joshi, Monika, Baumann, Brian C., Yoo, Ryan, Roupret, Morgan, Choudhury, Ananya, Efstathiou, Jason A., Murthy, Vedang, Sargos, Paul, and Solanki, Abhishek A.
- Abstract
There are limited data regarding the optimal management of patients with pelvic node-positive, but non-metastatic, bladder cancer. Increasing data demonstrate that this is a distinct clinical entity with outcomes bridging between bladder-confined muscle-invasive bladder cancer and metastatic advanced bladder cancer. Guidelines and staging systems have formalized the need to incorporate the unique considerations of management of pelvic node-positive bladder cancer. However, there remains an absence of a definite standard of care. Treatment options include systemic therapy alone, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy, or bladder-preserving trimodality therapy. Furthermore, ongoing studies aim to determine the benefit of incorporating immunotherapy into these treatment paradigms. In this review article, we will discuss the key considerations for management of patients with pelvic node-positive bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Longitudinal Analysis of Bladder Cancer-Specific Mortality Trends in the United States
- Author
-
Pompa, Isabella R., Qi, David, Ghosh, Anushka, Goldberg, Saveli I., Chino, Fumiko, Efstathiou, Jason A., and Kamran, Sophia C.
- Abstract
Bladder cancer is the tenth leading cause of cancer death in the United States (US). Advances in diagnosis, imaging, and treatments have led to improvements in bladder cancer management. To evaluate longitudinal bladder cancer mortality trends from 1999–2020 in the US by gender, race, ethnicity, age, geographic region, and urbanization category. Age-adjusted bladder cancer death and incidence rates of individuals in the US of all ages between 1999–2020 were obtained using the CDC WONDER and NAACCR databases. Trends and average annual percent changes (AAPC) in age-adjusted Bladder Cancer-Specific Mortality (BCSM) and incidence rates were estimated. Data were analyzed from May 2023 to October 2023. From 1999–2020, overall BCSM decreased by 0.4% annually, with a dramatic decrease in deaths between 2015–2020 (AAPC: –2.0% [95% CI: –2.6,–1.3]). However, BCSM rates and metastatic malignant bladder cancer incidence rates from 1999–2020 increased for individuals≥85 years old (AAPC for BCSM: 0.8% [95% CI:0.5,1.1]; AAPC for metastatic malignant incidence: 2.5% [95% CI: 2.0,2.9]). Increases in BCSM were found for certain years in the South, in rural areas, and for Non-Hispanic White and Asian or Pacific Islander individuals. Overall mortality from bladder cancer has been decreasing in the US over two decades. Upon disaggregation, increasing trends were found for BCSM and for metastatic malignant bladder cancer incidence for individuals≥85 years old from 1999–2020. Further evaluation of these trends is essential to understand how to target specific populations to improve patient outcomes.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Biochemical Failure Is Not a Surrogate End Point for Overall Survival in Recurrent Prostate Cancer: Analysis of NRG Oncology/RTOG 9601.
- Author
-
Jackson, William C., Tang, Ming, Schipper, Matthew J., Sandler, Howard M., Zumsteg, Zachary S., Efstathiou, Jason A., Shipley, William U., Seiferheld, Wendy, Lukka, Himanshu R., Bahary, Jean-Paul, Zietman, Anthony L., Pisansky, Thomas M., Zeitzer, Kenneth L., Hall, William A., Dess, Robert T., Lovett, Richard D., Balogh, Alexander G., Feng, Felix Y., and Spratt, Daniel E.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. PD42-11 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A MULTIMODAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (MMAI)-DERIVED DIGITAL PATHOLOGY-BASED BIOMARKER PREDICTING METASTASIS FOR RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY PATIENTS WITH BIOCHEMICAL RECURRENCE IN NRG/RTOG TRIALS.
- Author
-
Morgan, Todd M., Ren, Yi, Tang, Siyi, Zwerink, Wouter, Chen, Emmalyn, Mitani, Akinori, Huang, Huei-Chung, Simko, Jeffry P., DeVries, Sandy, Shipley, William U., Pollack, Alan, Bowes, David, Martin, André-Guy, Balogh, Alexander G., Michalski, Jeff M., Greenberg, Michael J., Efstathiou, Jason A., Bahary, Jean-Paul, Ross, Ashley, and Esteva, Andre
- Subjects
ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,RADICAL prostatectomy ,CANCER relapse ,BIOMARKERS ,DISEASE relapse ,METASTASIS ,GLEASON grading system - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Feasibility of Same-Day Prostate Fiducial Markers, Perirectal Hydrogel Spacer Placement, and Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Simulation for External Beam Radiation Therapy for Low-Risk and Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer.
- Author
-
Brenneman, Randall J., Goddu, S. Murty, Andruska, Neal, Roy, Amit, Bosch, Walter R., Fischer-Valuck, Benjamin, Efstathiou, Jason A., Gay, Hiram A., Michalski, Jeff M., and Baumann, Brian C.
- Abstract
The use of prostate fiducial markers and perirectal hydrogel spacers can reduce the acute and late toxic effects associated with prostate radiation therapy. These procedures are usually performed days to weeks before simulation during a separate clinic visit to ensure resolution of procedure-related inflammation. The purpose of this study was to assess whether same-day intraprostatic fiducial marker placement, perirectal hydrogel injection, and computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) simulation were feasible without adversely affecting hydrogel volume, perirectal spacing, or rectal dose. If feasible, performing these procedures on the same day as simulation would expedite the start of radiation therapy, improve patient convenience, and reduce costs. Twenty-one patients with clinically localized prostate cancer who were enrolled on a prospective clinical trial (NCT01617161) underwent same-day marker placement, hydrogel injection, and CT and MRI simulation, then underwent T2 MRI verification scans 3 to 4 weeks later. The MRI scans were fused to the CT planning scans by clinical target volumes (CTVs) to generate comparison treatment plans (70 Gy in 28 fractions). Hydrogel volume and symmetry, perirectal spacing, CTV dose, and organ-at-risk dose were evaluated. Verification scans occurred a mean of 24.9 ± 4.6 days after simulation and 9.3 ± 4.9 days after treatment start. Prostate volume did not change between scans (median, 67.3 ± 22.1 cm
3 vs 64.1 ± 21.8 cm3 ; P =.64). The median hydrogel change between simulation and verification was− 1.8% ± 4.5% (P =.27). No significant differences in perirectal spacing (midgland: 1.33 ± 0.45 cm vs 1.3 ± 0.7 cm; 1 cm superior: 1.25 ± 0.95 cm vs 1.43 ± 0.91 cm; 1 cm inferior: 1.16 ± 0.28 cm vs 1.41 ± 0.49 cm) were identified. No significant differences in rectal V66 (median 2.3 ± 2.18% vs 2.3 ± 2.28%; P =.99), V35 (median 14.79 ± 7.61 vs 14.67 ± 8.4; P =.73), or D1cc (65.7 ± 9.2 Gy vs 68.2 ± 9.0 Gy; P =.80) were found. All plans met CTV and organ-at-risk constraints. Same-day placement of intraprostatic fiducial markers, perirectal hydrogel, and simulation scans was feasible and did not significantly affect hydrogel volume, position, CTV coverage, or rectal dose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Characterization of an Iodinated Rectal Spacer for Prostate Photon and Proton Radiation Therapy.
- Author
-
Kamran, Sophia C., McClatchy III, David M., Pursley, Jennifer, Trofimov, Alexei V., Remillard, Kyla, Saraf, Anurag, Ghosh, Anushka, Thabet, Ashraf, Sutphin, Patrick, Miyamoto, David T., and Efstathiou, Jason A.
- Abstract
Conventional rectal spacers (nonI-SPs) are low-contrast on computed tomography (CT), often necessitating magnetic resonance imaging for accurate delineation. A new formulation of spacers (I-SPs) incorporates iodine to improve radiopacity and CT visualization. We characterized placement, stability, and plan quality of I-SPs compared to nonI-SPs. Patients with intact prostate cancer (n = 50) treated with I-SPs and photons were compared to randomly selected patients (n = 50) with nonI-SPs (photon or proton therapy). The I-SP was contoured on the planning CT and cone beam CTs at 3 timepoints: first, middle, and final treatment (n = 200 scans). I-SPs Hounsfield units (HU), volume, surface area (SA), centroid position relative to prostate centroid, and distance between prostate/rectum centroids were compared on the planning CTs between each cohort. I-SP changes were evaluated on cone beam CTs over courses of treatment. Dosimetric evaluations of plan quality and robustness were performed. I-SP was tested in a phantom to characterize its relative linear stopping power for protons. I-SPs yielded a distinct visible contrast on planning CTs compared to nonI-SPs (HU 138 vs 12, P <.001), allowing delineation on CT alone. The delineated volume and SA of I-SPs were smaller than nonI-SPs (volume 8.9 vs 10.6 mL, P <.001; SA 28 vs 35 cm
2 , P <.001), yet relative spacer position and prostate-rectal separation were similar (P =.79). No significant change in HU, volume, SA, or relative position of the I-SPs hydrogel occurred over courses of treatment (all P >.1). Dosimetric analysis concluded there were no significant changes in plan quality or robustness for I-SPs compared to nonI-SPs. The I-SP relative linear stopping power was 1.018, necessitating HU override for proton planning. I-SPs provide a manifest CT contrast, allowing for delineation on planning CT alone with no magnetic resonance imaging necessary. I-SPs radiopacity, size, and relative position remained stable over courses of treatment from 28 to 44 fractions. No changes in plan quality or robustness were seen comparing I-SPs and nonI-SPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Immunotherapy and Radiation – A New Combined Treatment Approach for Bladder Cancer?
- Author
-
Buchwald, Zachary S. and Efstathiou, Jason A.
- Abstract
Recently, immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has been showing promise in clinical trials for stage IV bladder cancer. Herein, we review the literature regarding the role for radiation therapy, the role for immunotherapy, and the potential synergy of these treatments combined in bladder cancer. There is ample pre-clinical data in a number of different tumor models, coupled with a growing body of clinical evidence in melanoma and other malignancies to suggest combining radiation and immunotherapy could lead to substantial advances in treatment outcomes for bladder cancer. Yet, these data for bladder cancer remain at the pre-clinical stage, and further study is needed.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Novel hormone therapy and coordination of care in high-risk biochemically recurrent prostate cancer.
- Author
-
Efstathiou, Jason A., Morgans, Alicia K., Bland, Christopher S., and Shore, Neal D.
- Abstract
• There is no consensus on the definition of high-risk biochemical recurrence (BCR). • Early detection and aggressive treatment of high-risk BCR can delay progression and improve survival. • NGI and novel risk-stratification methods can inform decisions on BCR management. • Treatment optimization with novel hormone therapies holds clinical promise in high-risk BCR. • Multidisciplinary care is integral to BCR management; identifying barriers for implementation are important. Biochemical recurrence (BCR) occurs in 20–50% of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) undergoing primary definitive treatment. Patients with high-risk BCR have an increased risk of metastatic progression and subsequent PCa-specific mortality, and thus could benefit from treatment intensification. Given the increasing complexity of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, multidisciplinary care (MDC) can play a crucial role in the individualized management of this patient population. This review explores the role for MDC when evaluating the clinical evidence for the evolving definition of high-risk BCR and the emerging therapeutic strategies, especially with novel hormone therapies (NHTs), for patients with either high-risk BCR or oligometastatic PCa. Clinical studies have used different characteristics to define high-risk BCR and there is no consensus regarding the definition of high-risk BCR nor for management strategies. Next-generation imaging and multigene panels offer potential enhanced patient identification and precision-based decision-making, respectively. Treatment intensification with NHTs, either alone or combined with radiotherapy or metastasis-directed therapy, has been promising in clinical trials in patients with high-risk BCR or oligometastases. As novel risk-stratification and treatment options as well as evidence-based literature evolve, it is important to involve a multidisciplinary team to identify patients with high-risk features at an earlier stage, and make informed decisions on the treatments that could optimize their care and long-term outcomes. Nevertheless, MDC data are scarce in the BCR or oligometastatic setting. Efforts to integrate MDC into the standard management of this patient population are needed, and will likely improve outcomes across this heterogeneous PCa patient population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Differences in Quality of Life Between Men and Women who Undergo Bladder Preservation with Trimodality Therapy
- Author
-
Ballas, Leslie K., Niemierko, Andrzej, Mak, Kimberley S., Drumm, Michael, and Efstathiou, Jason A.
- Abstract
Sex-specific differences exist in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC): men have a higher incidence; women present with more advanced disease; and surgical options differ between men and women. Health related quality of life (HRQoL) for male versus female patients with MIBC is not well understood and limited data exists in patients who undergo bladder preservation with trimodality therapy (TMT). The purpose of this study was to compare long-term HRQoL between men and women who have undergone TMT. This was a secondary analysis of a prior study that reported long-term HRQoL differences for patients who underwent TMT. We analyzed patient reported HRQoL data to assess differences in HRQoL between men and women. Of the 64/74 (86%) TMT patients that completed questionnaires, 14 (22%) were women. Median age at diagnosis was 60 years for women and 66 years for men (p = 0.007). From six HRQoL instruments, there were two responses with a statistically significant difference between women and men –incidence of diarrhea and degree of sexual activity. Fifty percent of women compared to 86%of men reported no diarrhea (p = 0.02). A greater percentage of women reported some degree of sexual activity in the 4 weeks prior to questionnaire completion (p = 0.04), and sexual interest following TMT declined significantly with age in men, but not in women. In general, men and women report very good long-term HRQoL following TMT. There were, however, some differences between the sexes. Understanding this difference, especially related to sexual function, will allow more informed decision making by patients when choosing between treatment modalities.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Validation of a 22-Gene Genomic Classifier in Patients With Recurrent Prostate Cancer: An Ancillary Study of the NRG/RTOG 9601 Randomized Clinical Trial
- Author
-
Feng, Felix Y., Huang, Huei-Chung, Spratt, Daniel E., Zhao, Shuang (George), Sandler, Howard M., Simko, Jeffry P., Davicioni, Elai, Nguyen, Paul L., Pollack, Alan, Efstathiou, Jason A., Dicker, Adam P., Todorovic, Tamara, Margrave, Jennifer, Liu, Yang (Seagle), Dabbas, Bashar, Thompson, Darby J. S., Das, Rajdeep, Dignam, James J., Sweeney, Christopher, Attard, Gerhardt, Bahary, Jean-Paul, Lukka, Himanshu R., Hall, William A., Pisansky, Thomas M., Shah, Amit B., Pugh, Stephanie L., Shipley, William U., and Tran, Phuoc T.
- Abstract
IMPORTANCE: Decipher (Decipher Biosciences Inc) is a genomic classifier (GC) developed to estimate the risk of distant metastasis (DM) after radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with prostate cancer. OBJECTIVE: To validate the GC in the context of a randomized phase 3 trial. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This ancillary study used RP specimens from the phase 3 placebo-controlled NRG/RTOG 9601 randomized clinical trial conducted from March 1998 to March 2003. The specimens were centrally reviewed, and RNA was extracted from the highest-grade tumor available in 2019 with a median follow-up of 13 years. Clinical-grade whole transcriptomes from samples passing quality control were assigned GC scores (scale, 0-1). A National Clinical Trials Network–approved prespecified statistical plan included the primary objective of validating the independent prognostic ability of GC for DM, with secondary end points of prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM) and overall survival (OS). Data were analyzed from September 2019 to December 2019. INTERVENTION: Salvage radiotherapy (sRT) with or without 2 years of bicalutamide. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The preplanned primary end point of this study was the independent association of the GC with the development of DM. RESULTS: In this ancillary study of specimens from a phase 3 randomized clinical trial, GC scores were generated from 486 of 760 randomized patients with a median follow-up of 13 years; samples from a total of 352 men (median [interquartile range] age, 64.5 (60-70) years; 314 White [89.2%] participants) passed microarray quality control and comprised the final cohort for analysis. On multivariable analysis, the GC (continuous variable, per 0.1 unit) was independently associated with DM (hazard ratio [HR], 1.17; 95% CI, 1.05-1.32; P = .006), PCSM (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.20-1.63; P < .001), and OS (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.06-1.29; P = .002) after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, Gleason score, T stage, margin status, entry prostate-specific antigen, and treatment arm. Although the original planned analysis was not powered to detect a treatment effect interaction by GC score, the estimated absolute effect of bicalutamide on 12-year OS was less when comparing patients with lower vs higher GC scores (2.4% vs 8.9%), which was further demonstrated in men receiving early sRT at a prostate-specific antigen level lower than 0.7 ng/mL (−7.8% vs 4.6%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This ancillary validation study of the Decipher GC in a randomized trial cohort demonstrated association of the GC with DM, PCSM, and OS independent of standard clinicopathologic variables. These results suggest that not all men with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer after surgery benefit equally from the addition of hormone therapy to sRT. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00002874
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Prognostic Significance of Immune Cell Infiltration in Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Treated with Definitive Chemoradiation: A Secondary Analysis of RTOG 0524 and RTOG 0712
- Author
-
Rana, Zaker, Kamran, Sophia C., Shetty, Amol C., Sutera, Philip, Song, Yang, Bazyar, Soha, Solanki, Abhishek A., Simko, Jeffry P., Pollack, Alan, McConkey, David, Kates, Max, Siddiqui, M. Minhaj, Hiken, Jeffrey, Earls, Jon, Messina, David, Mouw, Kent W., Miyamoto, David, Shipley, William U., Michaelson, M. Dror, Zietman, Anthony, Coen, John J., Dahl, Douglas M., Jani, Ashesh B., Souhami, Luis, Chang, Brian K., Lee, R. Jeffrey, Pham, Huong, Marshall, David T., Shen, Xinglei, Pugh, Stephanie L., Feng, Felix Y., Efstathiou, Jason A., Tran, Phuoc T., and Deek, Matthew P.
- Abstract
A novel transcriptional profiling platform revealed that gene expression consistent with high immune-cell infiltration and of specific genes associated with T-cell infiltration or IFNγ signaling was correlated with better survival following chemoradiation for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Addition of Androgen-Deprivation Therapy or Brachytherapy Boost to External Beam Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.
- Author
-
Jackson, William C., Hartman, Holly E., Dess, Robert T., Birer, Sam R., Soni, Payal D., Hearn, Jason W.D., Reichert, Zachary R., Kishan, Amar U., Mahal, Brandon A., Zumsteg, Zachary S., Efstathiou, Jason A., Kaffenberger, Samuel, Morgan, Todd M., Mehra, Rohit, Showalter, Timothy N., Krauss, Daniel A., Nguyen, Paul L., Schipper, Matthew J., Feng, Felix Y., and Sandler, Howard M.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT performance in biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer: a systematic review
- Author
-
Rais-Bahrami, Soroush, Efstathiou, Jason A., Turnbull, Catriona M., Camper, Stephen B., Kenwright, Andy, Schuster, David M., and Scarsbrook, Andrew F.
- Abstract
Background: A systematic literature review of the performance of
18 Fluorine-fluciclovine PET/CT for imaging of men with recurrent prostate cancer was performed. Methods: Scientific literature databases (MEDLINE, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Libraries) were searched systematically during Oct 2020 using PRISMA criteria. No limit was put on the date of publication. Prospective studies reporting a patient-level18 F-fluciclovine detection rate (DR) from ≥25 patients with recurrent prostate cancer were sought. Proceedings of relevant meetings held from 2018 through Oct 2020 were searched for abstracts meeting criteria. Results: Searches identified 321 unique articles. In total, nine articles (six papers and three conference abstracts), comprising a total of 850 patients met inclusion criteria. Most studies (n= 6) relied on ASTRO-Phoenix Criteria, EAU-ESTRO-SIOG, and/or ASTRO-AUA guidelines to identify patients with biochemical recurrence. Patients’ PSA levels ranged from 0.02–301.7 ng/mL (median level per study, 0.34–4.10 ng/mL [n= 8]). Approximately 64% of patients had undergone prostatectomy, but three studies focused solely on post-prostatectomy patients. Adherence to imaging protocol guidelines was heterogeneous, with variance seen in administered activity, uptake and scan times. Overall patient-level DR varied between studies from 26% to 83%, with 78% of studies reporting a DR > 50%. DR was proportional to PSA, but even at PSA < 0.5 ng/mL DR of up to 53% were reported. Prostate/bed DR (n= 7) ranged from 18% to 78% and extra-prostatic rates (n= 6) from 8% to 72%. Pelvic node and bone lesion DR ranged from 8% to 47% and 0% to 26%, respectively (n= 5).18 F-Fluciclovine PET/CT was shown to impact patient management and outcomes. Two studies reported 59–63% of patients to have a management change post-scan. A further study showed significant increase in failure-free survival following18 F-fluciclovine-guided compared with conventional imaging-guided radiotherapy planning. Conclusions:18 F-Fluciclovine PET/CT shows good performance in patients with recurrent prostate cancer leading to measurable clinical benefits. Careful adherence to recommended imaging protocols may help optimize DR.- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Distribution of Molecular Subtypes in Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Is Driven by Sex-specific Differences
- Author
-
de Jong, Joep J., Boormans, Joost L., van Rhijn, Bas W.G., Seiler, Roland, Boorjian, Stephen A., Konety, Badrinath, Bivalacqua, Trinity J., Wheeler, Thomas, Svatek, Robert S., Douglas, James, Wright, Jonathan, Dall’Era, Marc, Crabb, Simon J., Efstathiou, Jason A., van der Heijden, Michiel S., Mouw, Kent W., Miyamoto, David T., Lotan, Yair, Black, Peter C., Gibb, Ewan A., and Porten, Sima P.
- Abstract
Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a sex-biased cancer with a higher incidence in men but worse outcomes in women. The root cause behind these observations remains unclear. To investigate whether sex-specific tumor biology could explain the differences in clinical behavior of MIBC, we analyzed the transcriptome profiles from transurethral resected bladder tumors of 1000 patients. Female tumors expressed higher levels of basal- and immune-associated genes, while male tumors expressed higher levels of luminal markers. Using molecular subtyping, we found that the rates of the basal/squamous subtype were higher in females than in males. Males were enriched with tumors of the luminal papillary (LumP) and neuroendocrine-like subtypes. Male MIBC tumors had higher androgen response activity across all luminal subtypes and male patients with LumP tumors were younger. Taken together, these data confirm differences in molecular subtypes based on sex. The role of the androgen response pathway in explaining subtype differences between men and women should be studied further.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Association of Presalvage Radiotherapy PSA Levels After Prostatectomy With Outcomes of Long-term Antiandrogen Therapy in Men With Prostate Cancer
- Author
-
Dess, Robert T., Sun, Yilun, Jackson, William C., Jairath, Neil K., Kishan, Amar U., Wallington, David G., Mahal, Brandon A., Stish, Bradley J., Zumsteg, Zachery S., Den, Robert B., Hall, William A., Gharzai, Laila A., Jaworski, Elizabeth M., Reichert, Zachary R., Morgan, Todd M., Mehra, Rohit, Schaeffer, Edward M., Sartor, Oliver, Nguyen, Paul L., Lee, William Robert, Rosenthal, Seth A., Michalski, Jeff M., Schipper, Matthew J., Dignam, James J., Pisansky, Thomas M., Zietman, Anthony L., Sandler, Howard M., Efstathiou, Jason A., Feng, Felix Y., Shipley, William U., and Spratt, Daniel E.
- Abstract
IMPORTANCE: In men with recurrent prostate cancer, addition of long-term antiandrogen therapy to salvage radiotherapy (SRT) was associated with overall survival (OS) in the NRG/RTOG 9601 study. However, hormone therapy has associated morbidity, and there are no validated predictive biomarkers to identify which patients derive most benefit from treatment. OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of pre-SRT prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels to personalize hormone therapy use with SRT. INTERVENTIONS: Men were randomized to SRT plus high-dose nonsteroidal antiandrogen (bicalutamide, 150 mg/d) or placebo for 2 years. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this secondary analysis of the multicenter RTOG 9601 double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial conducted from 1998 to 2003 by a multinational cooperative group, men with a positive surgical margin or pathologic T3 disease after radical prostatectomy with pre-SRT PSA of 0.2 to 4.0 ng/mL were included. Analysis was performed between March 4, 2019, and December 20, 2019. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points included distant metastasis (DM), other-cause mortality (OCM), and grades 3 to 5 cardiac and neurologic toxic effects. Subgroup analyses were performed using the protocol-specified PSA stratification variable (1.5 ng/mL) and additional PSA cut points, including test for interaction. Competing risk analyses were performed for DM and other-cause mortality (OCM). RESULTS: Overall, 760 men with PSA elevation after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer were included. The median (range) age of particpants was 65 (40-83) years. Antiandrogen assignment was associated with an OS benefit in the PSA stratum greater than 1.5 ng/mL (n = 118) with a 25% 12-year absolute benefit (hazard ratio [HR], 0.45; 95% CI, 0.25-0.81), but not in the PSA of 1.5 ng/mL or less stratum (n = 642) (1% 12-year absolute difference; HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.66-1.16). In a subanalysis of men with PSA of 0.61 to 1.5 (n = 253), there was an OS benefit associated with antiandrogen assignment (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.39-0.94). In those receiving early SRT (PSA ≤0.6 ng/mL, n = 389), there was no improvement in OS (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.79-1.70), an increased OCM hazard (subdistribution HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.17-3.20; P = .01), and an increased odds of late grades 3 to 5 cardiac and neurologic toxic effects (odds ratio, 3.57; 95% CI, 1.09-15.97; P = .05). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: These results suggest that pre-SRT PSA level may be a prognostic biomarker for outcomes of antiandrogen treatment with SRT. In patients receiving late SRT (PSA >0.6 ng/mL, hormone therapy was associated with improved outcomes. In men receiving early SRT (PSA ≤0.6 ng/mL), long-term antiandrogen treatment was not associated with improved OS. Future randomized clinical trials are needed to determine hormonal therapy benefit in this population. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00002874
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Proton versus photon-based radiation therapy for prostate cancer: emerging evidence and considerations in the era of value-based cancer care
- Author
-
Kamran, Sophia C., Light, Jay O., and Efstathiou, Jason A.
- Abstract
Background: Advances in radiation technology have transformed treatment options for patients with localized prostate cancer. The evolution of three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) have allowed physicians to spare surrounding normal organs and reduce adverse effects. The introduction of proton beam technology and its physical advantage of depositing its energy in tissue at the end-of-range maximum may potentially spare critical organs such as the bladder and rectum in prostate cancer patients. Data thus far are limited to large, observational studies that have not yet demonstrated a definite benefit of protons over conventional treatment with IMRT. The cost of proton beam treatment adds to the controversy within the field. Methods: We performed an extensive literature review for all proton treatment-related prostate cancer studies. We discuss the history of proton beam technology, as well as its role in the treatment of prostate cancer, associated controversies, novel technology trends, a discussion of cost-effectiveness, and an overview of the ongoing modern large prospective studies that aim to resolve the debate between protons and photons for prostate cancer. Results: Present data have demonstrated that proton beam therapy is safe and effective compared with the standard treatment options for prostate cancer. While dosimetric studies suggest lower whole-body radiation dose and a theoretically higher relative biological effectiveness in prostate cancer compared with photons, no studies have demonstrated a clear benefit with protons. Conclusions: Evolving trends in proton treatment delivery and proton center business models are helping to reduce costs. Introduction of existing technology into proton delivery allows further control of organ motion and addressing organs-at-risk. Finally, the much-awaited contemporary studies comparing photon with proton-based treatments, with primary endpoints of patient-reported quality-of-life, will help us understand the differences between proton and photon-based treatments for prostate cancer in the modern era.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Bladder Preservation With Twice-a-Day Radiation Plus Fluorouracil/Cisplatin or Once Daily Radiation Plus Gemcitabine for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: NRG/RTOG 0712-A Randomized Phase II Trial.
- Author
-
Coen, John J., Zhang, Peixin, Saylor, Philip J., Lee, Cheryl T., Wu, Chin-Lee, Parker, William, Lautenschlaeger, Timothy, Zietman, Anthony L., Efstathiou, Jason A., Jani, Ashesh B., Kucuk, Omer, Souhami, Luis, Rodgers, Joseph P., Sandler, Howard M., and Shipley, William U.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: An ASTRO, ASCO, and AUA Evidence-Based Guideline.
- Author
-
Morgan, Scott C., Hoffman, Karen, Loblaw, D. Andrew, Buyyounouski, Mark K., Patton, Caroline, Barocas, Daniel, Bentzen, Soren, Chang, Michael, Efstathiou, Jason, Greany, Patrick, Halvorsen, Per, Koontz, Bridget F., Lawton, Colleen, Leyrer, C. Marc, Lin, Daniel, Ray, Michael, and Sandler, Howard
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Risk factors for loco-regional recurrence after radical cystectomy of muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A systematic-review and framework for adjuvant radiotherapy.
- Author
-
Sargos, Paul, Baumann, Brian C., Eapen, Libni, Christodouleas, John, Bahl, Amhit, Murthy, Vedang, Efstathiou, Jason, Fonteyne, Valérie, Ballas, Leslie, Zaghloul, Mohamed, Roubaud, Guilhem, Orré, Mathieu, and Larré, Stéphane
- Abstract
Background: Radical cystectomy (RC) associated with pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is the most common local therapy in the management of non-metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Loco-regional recurrence (LRR), however, remains a common and important therapeutic challenge associated with poor oncologic outcomes. We aimed to systematically review evidence regarding factors associated with LRR and to propose a framework for adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) in patients with MIBC.Methods: We performed this systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched the PubMed database for articles related to MIBC and associated treatments, published between January 1980 and June 2015. Articles identified by searching references from candidate articles were also included. We retrieved 1383 publications from PubMed and 34 from other sources. After an initial screening, a review of titles and abstracts, and a final comprehensive full text analysis of papers assessed for eligibility, a final consensus on 32 studies was obtained.Results: LRR is associated with specific patient-, tumor-, center- or treatment-related variables. LRR varies widely, occurring in as many as 43% of the cases and is strongly related to survival outcomes. While perioperative treatment does not impact on LRR, pathological factors such as pT, pN, positive margins status, extent of PLND, number of lymph nodes removed and/or invaded are correlated with LRR. Patients with pT3-T4a and/or positive lymph-nodes and/or limited pelvic lymph-node dissection and/or positive surgical margins have been distributed in LRR risk groups with accuracy.Conclusions: LRR patterns are well-known and for selected patients, adjuvant treatments could target this event. Intrinsic tumor subtype may guide future criteria to define a personalized treatment strategy. Prospective trials evaluating safety and efficacy of adjuvant RT are ongoing in several countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: Executive Summary of an ASTRO, ASCO, and AUA Evidence-Based Guideline.
- Author
-
Morgan, Scott C., Hoffman, Karen, Loblaw, D. Andrew, Buyyounouski, Mark K., Patton, Caroline, Barocas, Daniel, Bentzen, Soren, Chang, Michael, Efstathiou, Jason, Greany, Patrick, Halvorsen, Per, Koontz, Bridget F., Lawton, Colleen, Leyrer, C. Marc, Lin, Daniel, Ray, Michael, and Sandler, Howard
- Abstract
Abstract Purpose The aim of this guideline is to present recommendations regarding moderately hypofractionated (240-340 cGy per fraction) and ultrahypofractionated (500 cGy or more per fraction) radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer. Methods and Materials The American Society for Radiation Oncology convened a task force to address 8 key questions on appropriate indications and dose-fractionation for moderately and ultrahypofractionated radiation therapy, as well as technical issues, including normal tissue dose constraints, treatment volumes, and use of image guided and intensity modulated radiation therapy. Recommendations were based on a systematic literature review and created using a predefined consensus-building methodology and Society-approved tools for grading evidence quality and recommendation strength. Results Based on high-quality evidence, strong consensus was reached for offering moderate hypofractionation across risk groups to patients choosing external beam radiation therapy. The task force conditionally recommends ultrahypofractionated radiation may be offered for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer but strongly encourages treatment of intermediate-risk patients on a clinical trial or multi-institutional registry. For high-risk patients, the task force conditionally recommends against routine use of ultrahypofractionated external beam radiation therapy. With any hypofractionated approach, the task force strongly recommends image guided radiation therapy and avoidance of nonmodulated 3-dimensional conformal techniques. Conclusions Hypofractionated radiation therapy provides important potential advantages in cost and convenience for patients, and these recommendations are intended to provide guidance on moderate hypofractionation and ultrahypofractionation for localized prostate cancer. The limits in the current evidentiary base—especially for ultrahypofractionation—highlight the imperative to support large-scale randomized clinical trials and underscore the importance of shared decision making between clinicians and patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Clinical needs assessment for sexual health among cancer patients receiving pelvic radiation: Implications for development of a radiation oncology sexual health clinic.
- Author
-
Wo, Jennifer Y., Drapek, Lorraine C., Niemierko, Andrzej, Silvia, Brenda, Noé, Bridget N., Russo, Andrea L., Miyamoto, David T., Hong, Theodore S., Efstathiou, Jason A., Zietman, Anthony L., and Dizon, Don S.
- Abstract
Background Cancer patients treated with pelvic radiation therapy (RT) often experience sexual health–related side effects during and following treatment. A clinical needs assessment was used to evaluate sexual health needs and to determine how needs differed between patients receiving and who had completed RT. Methods and materials A questionnaire was used to evaluate sexual health needs among patients treated with pelvic RT. All answers were rated using a 4-point Likert scale. Convenience sampling was used, and patients were stratified by whether they were on-treatment or in follow-up. Charts were reviewed for demographic, diagnostic, and treatment information. Pearson’s χ 2 test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the associations between sexual health–related topics and clinical variables. Results A total of 107 of 109 (98%) invited patients completed the questionnaire (46 females, 61 males; 52 undergoing RT, 54 completed RT). Most (75%) reported some degree of change in sexual health from the effects of cancer and/or treatment; 22% and 28% reported “quite a bit” or “very much” change, respectively. Sixty-nine percent reported that they experienced some degree of distress from sexual health changes (28% reported “very much” or “quite a bit” of distress). Seventy-six percent “agreed” or “strongly agreed” that they were interested in access to a multidisciplinary sexual health clinic (MSHC). Compared with patients currently receiving RT, patients in follow-up were significantly more likely to report worsening degrees of “change” ( P = .008) and “distress” ( P = .04) and to express interest in having access to an MSHC ( P = .03). Conclusion The majority of patients receiving pelvic RT reported a change in sexual health with associated distress, with more reports among those in follow-up. Patients undergoing pelvic RT expressed a high interest in attending a radiation oncology MSHC. Our findings emphasize the important role radiation oncologists can play in the quality of life of our patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Incidence, Clinicopathological Risk Factors, Management and Outcomes of Nonmuscle Invasive Recurrence after Complete Response to Trimodality Therapy for Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.
- Author
-
Sanchez, Alejandro, Wszolek, Matthew F., Niemierko, Andrzej, Clayman, Rebecca H., Drumm, Michael, Rodríguez, Dayron, Feldman, Adam S., Dahl, Douglas M., Heney, Niall M., Shipley, William U., Zietman, Anthony L., and Efstathiou, Jason A.
- Subjects
BLADDER cancer treatment ,DISEASE incidence ,CANCER relapse ,CANCER invasiveness ,RETROSPECTIVE studies - Abstract
Purpose We describe the incidence, clinicopathological risk factors, management and outcomes of recurrent nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer after a complete response to trimodality therapy of muscle invasive bladder cancer. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the records of 342 patients with cT2-4aN0M0 muscle invasive bladder cancer and a complete response after trimodality therapy from 1986 to 2013. Using competing risks analyses we examined the association between baseline clinicopathological variables and nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer outcomes. Kaplan-Meier and the generalized Fleming-Harrington test were used to compare disease specific and overall survival. Results At a median followup of 9 years nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer recurred in 85 patients (25%) who had had a complete response. On Kaplan-Meier analysis baseline carcinoma in situ was associated with recurrent nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (p = 0.02). However, on multivariate analysis carcinoma in situ and other baseline clinicopathological characteristics did not predict such recurrence. Patients with recurrent nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer had worse 10-year disease specific survival than those without recurrence (72.1% vs 78.4%, p = 0.002), although overall survival was similar (p = 0.66). Of the 39 patients (46%) who received adjuvant intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin 29 (74%) completed induction therapy and 19 (49%) reported bacillus Calmette-Guérin toxicity. Three-year recurrence-free and progression-free survival after induction bacillus Calmette-Guérin was 59% and 63%, respectively. Conclusions After a complete response to trimodality therapy nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer recurred in 25% of patients, developing in some of them more than a decade after trimodality therapy. No baseline clinicopathological characteristics were associated with such recurrence after a complete response. Patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer recurrence had worse disease specific survival than those without such recurrence but similar overall survival. Adjuvant intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin had a reasonable toxicity profile and efficacy in this population. Properly selected patients with recurrent nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer after a complete response may avoid immediate salvage cystectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Basal-luminal subtyping of localized high-risk prostate cancer and benefit of adding docetaxel to definitive radiotherapy with androgen suppression in the NRG Oncology/RTOG 0521 phase III trial.
- Author
-
Phillips, Ryan, Proudfoot, James A., Davicioni, Elai, Liu, Yang, Spratt, Daniel Eidelberg, Feng, Felix Y, Simko, Jeff, Den, Robert Benjamin, Pollack, Alan, Rosenthal, Seth A., Sartor, A. Oliver, Sweeney, Christopher, Attard, Gerhardt, Patel, Samir, Straza, Michael Wayne, Efstathiou, Jason A., Shah, Amit, Rodgers, Joseph P., Sandler, Howard M., and Tran, Phuoc T.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Prognostic significance of pretreatment immune cell infiltration in muscle invasive bladder cancer treated with definitive chemoradiation: Analysis of NRG RTOG 0524 and 0712.
- Author
-
Deek, Matthew Pierre, Shetty, Amol, Song, Yang, Efstathiou, Jason A., Feng, Felix Y, Shipley, William U., Simko, Jeff, Mouw, Kent William, Miyamoto, David Tomoaki, Pollack, Alan, Michaelson, Dror Dror, Zietman, Anthony L., Coen, John, Dahl, Douglas M., Jani, Ashesh B., Souhami, Luis, Chang, Brian K., Lee, R. Jeffrey, Pugh, Stephanie L., and Tran, Phuoc T.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Brachytherapy for Patients With Prostate Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology/Cancer Care Ontario Joint Guideline Update.
- Author
-
Chin, Joseph, Rumble, R. Bryan, Kollmeier, Marisa, Heath, Elisabeth, Efstathiou, Jason, Dorff, Tanya, Berman, Barry, Feifer, Andrew, Jacques, Arthur, and Loblaw, D. Andrew
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Prospective validation of single nucleotide polymorphisms as predictors of gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and sexual toxicities following radiation therapy for prostate cancer.
- Author
-
Kamran, Sophia C., Yeap, Beow Y., Soetan, Zainab, Pompa, Isabella R, Muise, STacey, Cowan, Jessica, Moteabbed, Maryam, Silvia, Brenda Lee, Olsen, Christine Cecilia, Zietman, Anthony L., Efstathiou, Jason A., and Miyamoto, David Tomoaki
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. HIV Infection and Survival Among Women With Cervical Cancer.
- Author
-
Dryden-Peterson, Scott, Bvochora-Nsingo, Memory, Suneja, Gita, Efstathiou, Jason A., Grover, Surbhi, Chiyapo, Sebathu, Ramogola-Masire, Doreen, Kebabonye-Pusoentsi, Malebogo, Clayman, Rebecca, Mapes, Abigail C., Tapela, Neo, Asmelash, Aida, Medhin, Heluf, Viswanathan, Akila N., Russell, Anthony H., Lin, Lilie L., Kayembe, Mukendi K. A., Mmalane, Mompati, Randall, Thomas C., and Chabner, Bruce
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Contemporary Update of a Multi-Institutional Predictive Nomogram for Salvage Radiotherapy After Radical Prostatectomy.
- Author
-
Tendulkar, Rahul D., Agrawal, Shree, Tianming Gao, Efstathiou, Jason A., Pisansky, Thomas M., Michalski, Jeff M., Koontz, Bridget F., Hamstra, Daniel A., Feng, Felix Y., Liauw, Stanley L., Abramowitz, Matthew C., Pollack, Alan, Anscher, Mitchell S., Moghanaki, Drew, Den, Robert B., Stephans, Kevin L., Zietman, Anthony L., Lee, W. Robert, Kattan, Michael W., and Stephenson, Andrew J.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Contemporary Patterns of Multidisciplinary Care in Patients With Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer
- Author
-
Harshman, Lauren C., Tripathi, Abhishek, Kaag, Matthew, Efstathiou, Jason A., Apolo, Andrea B., Hoffman-Censits, Jean H., Stadler, Walter M., Yu, Evan Y., Bochner, Bernard H., Skinner, Eila C., Downs, Tracy, Kiltie, Anne E., Bajorin, Dean F., Guru, Khurshid, Shipley, William U., Steinberg, Gary D., Hahn, Noah M., and Sridhar, Srikala S.
- Abstract
Multidisciplinary care is crucial for the optimal treatment of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. We surveyed practitioners regarding the multidisciplinary care models currently used in their practices. Most providers used some form of multidisciplinary care, with sequential clinic visits on different days the most common approach. However, most providers preferred an integrated multidisciplinary care protocol involving same-day concurrent or sequential clinic visits.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. PARP-1 inhibition with or without ionizing radiation confers reactive oxygen species-mediated cytotoxicity preferentially to cancer cells with mutant TP53
- Author
-
Liu, Qi, Gheorghiu, Liliana, Drumm, Michael, Clayman, Rebecca, Eidelman, Alec, Wszolek, Matthew, Olumi, Aria, Feldman, Adam, Wang, Meng, Marcar, Lynnette, Citrin, Deborah, Wu, Chin-Lee, Benes, Cyril, Efstathiou, Jason, and Willers, Henning
- Abstract
Biomarkers and mechanisms of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor-mediated cytotoxicity in tumor cells lacking a BRCA-mutant or BRCA-like phenotype are poorly defined. We sought to explore the utility of PARP-1 inhibitor (PARPi) treatment with/without ionizing radiation in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), which has poor therapeutic outcomes. We assessed the DNA damaging and cytotoxic effects of the PARPi olaparib in nine bladder cancer cell lines. Olaparib radiosensitized all cell lines with dose enhancement factors from 1.22 to 2.27. Radiosensitization was correlated with the induction of potentially lethal DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) but not with RAD51 foci formation. The ability of olaparib to radiosensitize MIBC cells was linked to the extent of cell kill achieved with the drug alone. Unexpectedly, increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting from PARPi treatment were the cause of DSB throughout the cell cycle in vitro and in vivo. ROS originated from mitochondria and were required for the radiosensitizing effects of olaparib. Consistent with the role of TP53in ROS regulation, loss of p53 function enhanced radiosensitization by olaparib in non-isogenic and isogenic cell line models and was associated with increased PARP-1 expression in bladder cancer cell lines and tumors. Impairment of ATM in addition to p53 loss resulted in an even more pronounced radiosensitization. In conclusion, ROS suppression by PARP-1 in MIBC is a potential therapeutic target either for PARPi combined with radiation or drug alone treatment. The TP53and ATMgenes, commonly mutated in MIBC and other cancers, are candidate biomarkers of PARPi-mediated radiosensitization.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Sequencing of Androgen-Deprivation Therapy of Short Duration With Radiotherapy for Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer (SANDSTORM): A Pooled Analysis of 12 Randomized Trials.
- Author
-
Ma, Ting Martin, Sun, Yilun, Malone, Shawn, Roach, Mack 3rd, Dearnaley, David, Pisansky, Thomas M, Feng, Felix Y, Sandler, Howard M, Efstathiou, Jason A, Syndikus, Isabel, Hall, Emma C, Tree, Alison C, Sydes, Matthew R, Cruickshank, Claire, Roy, Soumyajit, Bolla, Michel, Maingon, Philippe, De Reijke, Theo, Nabid, Abdenour, and Carrier, Nathalie
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Establishing and Delivering Quality Radiation Therapy in Resource-Constrained Settings: The Story of Botswana.
- Author
-
Efstathiou, Jason A., Heunis, Magda, Karumekayi, Talkmore, Makufa, Remigio, Bvochora-Nsingo, Memory, Gierga, David P., Suneja, Gita, Grover, Surbhi, Kasese, Joseph, Mmalane, Mompati, Moffat, Howard, von Paleske, Alexander, Makhema, Joseph, and Dryden-Peterson, Scott
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. DNA Damage Response Assessments in Human Tumor Samples Provide Functional Biomarkers of Radiosensitivity.
- Author
-
Willers, Henning, Gheorghiu, Liliana, Liu, Qi, Efstathiou, Jason A., Wirth, Lori J., Krause, Mechthild, and von Neubeck, Cläre
- Abstract
Predictive biomarkers are urgently needed for individualization of radiation therapy and treatment with radiosensitizing anticancer agents. Genomic profiling of human cancers provides us with unprecedented insight into the mutational landscape of genes directly or indirectly involved in the response to radiation-induced DNA damage. However, to what extent this wealth of structural information about the cancer genome produces biomarkers of sensitivity to radiation remains to be seen. Investigators are increasingly studying the subnuclear accumulation (ie, foci) of proteins in the DNA damage response (DDR), such as gamma-H2AX, 53BP1, or RAD51, as a surrogate of treatment sensitivity. Recent findings from preclinical studies have demonstrated the predictive potential of DDR foci by correlating foci with clinically relevant end points such as tumor control probability. Therefore, preclinical investigations of DDR foci responses are increasingly moving into cells and tissues from patients, which is the major focus of this review. The advantage of using DDR foci as functional biomarkers is that they can detect alterations in DNA repair due to various mechanisms. Moreover, they provide a global measurement of DDR network function without needing to know the identities of all the components, many of which remain unknown. Foci assays are thus expected to yield functional insight that may complement or supersede genomic information, thereby giving radiation oncologists unique opportunities to individualize cancer treatments in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. The Rationale for Post-Operative Radiation in Localized Bladder Cancer
- Author
-
Baumann, Brian C., Sargos, Paul, Eapen, Libni J., Efstathiou, Jason A., Choudhury, Ananya, Bahl, Amit, Murthy, Vedang, Ballas, Leslie K., Fonteyne, Valérie, Richaud, Pierre M., Zaghloul, Mohamed S., and Christodouleas, John P.
- Abstract
Local-regional recurrence for patients with ≥pT3 disease after radical cystectomy is a significant problem. Chemotherapy has not been shown to reduce the risk of local-regional recurrences in randomized prospective trials, and salvage therapies for local-regional failure are rarely successful. There is promising evidence, particularly from a recent Egyptian NCI trial, that radiation therapy plus chemotherapy can significantly reduce local recurrences compared to chemotherapy alone, and that this improvement in local-regional control may translate to meaningful improvements in disease-free and overall survival with acceptable toxicity. In light of the high rates of local failure following cystectomy for locally advanced disease and the progress that has been made in identifying patients at high risk of failure and the patterns of failure in the pelvis, the NCCN guidelines were revised in 2016 to include post-operative radiotherapy as an option to consider for patients with ≥pT3 disease. Despite advances in our understanding of the problem of local-regional failure after cystectomy and the potential role of adjuvant radiotherapy, the question of whether adjuvant radiotherapy should have a defined role for patients with locally advanced urothelial carcinoma has not yet been determined. The results of the NRG, European, Indian, and Egyptian trials on adjuvant radiotherapy are eagerly awaited. While none of these trials on their own may provide definitive conclusions, their aggregate outcomes will help clarify whether this treatment should have a role in the management of patients with locally advanced bladder cancer.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Long-term Outcomes of Chemoradiation for Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer in Noncystectomy Candidates. Final Results of NRG Oncology RTOG 0524—A Phase 1/2 Trial of Paclitaxel + Trastuzumab with Daily Radiation or Paclitaxel Alone with Daily Irradiation
- Author
-
Dahl, Douglas M., Karrison, Theodore G., Michaelson, M. Dror, Pham, Huong T., Wu, Chin-Lee, Swanson, Gregory P., Shipley, William U., Vuky, Jacqueline, Lee, R. Jeffrey, Zietman, Anthony L., Souhami, Luis, Chang, Brian K., Deming, Richard L., Ellerton, John A., Sandler, Howard M., Rodgers, Joseph P., Feng, Felix Y., and Efstathiou, Jason A.
- Abstract
We studied a modified chemoradiotherapy regimen to treat a group of patients with invasive bladder cancer who were unfit for conventional radical cystectomy or chemotherapy. One group had tumors that overexpressed her2/neu. We found that patients could reasonably tolerate the treatment despite their frail medical conditions with moderate control of their cancer. Trastuzumab therapy in the her2/neu tumors did not improve treatment response.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Does Chemo-Radiotherapy Improve Survival Outcomes vs. Radiotherapy Alone for High-Grade cT1 Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder?
- Author
-
Andruska, Neal, Waters, Michael R., Fischer-Valuck, Benjamin W., Smith, Zachary L., Kim, Eric H., Reimers, Melissa, Brenneman, Randall, Gay, Hiram A., Patel, Sagar A., Michalski, Jeff M., Delacroix, Scott E., Efstathiou, Jason A., and Baumann, Brian C.
- Abstract
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (non-MIBC) that is high-grade and confined to the lamina propria (HGT1) often has an aggressive clinical course. Currently, there is limited data on the comparative effectiveness of RT vs. CRT for HGT1 non-MIBC. We hypothesized that CRT would be associated with improved overall survival (OS) vs. RT in HGT1 bladder cancer.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Bladder cancer
- Author
-
Kamat, Ashish M, Hahn, Noah M, Efstathiou, Jason A, Lerner, Seth P, Malmström, Per-Uno, Choi, Woonyoung, Guo, Charles C, Lotan, Yair, and Kassouf, Wassim
- Abstract
Bladder cancer is a complex disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates if not treated optimally. Awareness of haematuria as the major presenting symptom is paramount, and early diagnosis with individualised treatment and follow-up is the key to a successful outcome. For non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, the mainstay of treatment is complete resection of the tumour followed by induction and maintenance immunotherapy with intravesical BCG vaccine or intravesical chemotherapy. For muscle-invasive bladder cancer, multimodal treatment involving radical cystectomy with neoadjuvant chemotherapy offers the best chance for cure. Selected patients with muscle-invasive tumours can be offered bladder-sparing trimodality treatment consisting of transurethral resection with chemoradiation. Advanced disease is best treated with systemic cisplatin-based chemotherapy; immunotherapy is emerging as a viable salvage treatment for patients in whom first-line chemotherapy cannot control the disease. Developments in the past 2 years have shed light on genetic subtypes of bladder cancer that might differ from one another in response to various treatments.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer After Selective Bladder-Preserving Combined-Modality Therapy: A Pooled Analysis of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Protocols 8802, 8903, 9506, 9706, 9906, and 0233.
- Author
-
Mak, Raymond H., Hunt, Daniel, Shipley, William U., Efstathiou, Jason A., Tester, William J., Hagan, Michael P., Kaufman, Donald S., Heney, Niall M., and Zietman, Anthony L.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Collaborating to Move Research Forward: Proceedings of the 10th Annual Bladder Cancer Think Tank
- Author
-
Kamat, Ashish M., Agarwal, Piyush, Bivalacqua, Trinity, Chisolm, Stephanie, Daneshmand, Sia, Doroshow, James H., Efstathiou, Jason A., Galsky, Matthew, Iyer, Gopa, Kassouf, Wassim, Shah, Jay, Taylor, John, Williams, Stephen B., Quale, Diane Zipursky, and Rosenberg, Jonathan E.
- Abstract
The 10th Annual Bladder Cancer Think Tank was hosted by the Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network and brought together a multidisciplinary group of clinicians, researchers, representatives and Industry to advance bladder cancer research efforts. Think Tank expert panels, group discussions, and networking opportunities helped generate ideas and strengthen collaborations between researchers and physicians across disciplines and between institutions. Interactive panel discussions addressed a variety of timely issues: 1) data sharing, privacy and social media; 2) improving patient navigation through therapy; 3) promising developments in immunotherapy; 4) and moving bladder cancer research from bench to bedside. Lastly, early career researchers presented their bladder cancer studies and had opportunities to network with leading experts.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Summary and Recommendations from the National Cancer Institute’s Clinical Trials Planning Meeting on Novel Therapeutics for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
- Author
-
Lerner, Seth P., Bajorin, Dean F., Dinney, Colin P., Efstathiou, Jason A., Groshen, Susan, Hahn, Noah M., Hansel, Donna, Kwiatkowski, David, O’Donnell, Michael, Rosenberg, Jonathan, Svatek, Robert, Abrams, Jeffrey S., Al-Ahmadie, Hikmat, Apolo, Andrea B., Bellmunt, Joaquim, Callahan, Margaret, Cha, Eugene K., Drake, Charles, Jarow, Jonathan, Kamat, Ashish, Kim, William, Knowles, Margaret, Mann, Bhupinder, Marchionni, Luigi, McConkey, David, McShane, Lisa, Ramirez, Nilsa, Sharabi, Andrew, Sharpe, Arlene H., Solit, David, Tangen, Catherine M., Amiri, Abdul Tawab, Van Allen, Eliezer, West, Pamela J., Witjes, J. A., and Quale, Diane Zipursky
- Abstract
The NCI Bladder Cancer Task Force convened a Clinical Trials Planning Meeting (CTPM) Workshop focused on Novel Therapeutics for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC). Meeting attendees included a broad and multi-disciplinary group of clinical and research stakeholders and included leaders from NCI, FDA, National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN), advocacy and the pharmaceutical and biotech industry. The meeting goals and objectives were to: 1) create a collaborative environment in which the greater bladder research community can pursue future optimally designed novel clinical trials focused on the theme of molecular targeted and immune-based therapies in NMIBC; 2) frame the clinical and translational questions that are of highest priority; and 3) develop two clinical trial designs focusing on immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy. Despite successful development and implementation of large Phase II and Phase III trials in bladder and upper urinary tract cancers, there are no active and accruing trials in the NMIBC space within the NCTN. Disappointingly, there has been only one new FDA approved drug (Valrubicin) in any bladder cancer disease state since 1998. Although genomic-based data for bladder cancer are increasingly available, translating these discoveries into practice changing treatment is still to come. Recently, major efforts in defining the genomic characteristics of NMIBC have been achieved. Aligned with these data is the growing number of targeted therapy agents approved and/or in development in other organ site cancers and the multiple similarities of bladder cancer with molecular subtypes in these other cancers. Additionally, although bladder cancer is one of the more immunogenic tumors, some tumors have the ability to attenuate or eliminate host immune responses. Two trial concepts emerged from the meeting including a window of opportunity trial (Phase 0) testing an FGFR3 inhibitor and a second multi-arm multi-stage trial testing combinations of BCG or radiotherapy and immunomodulatory agents in patients who recur after induction BCG (BCG failure).
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. National Trends in the Recommendation of Radiotherapy After Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer Before and After the Reporting of a Survival Benefit in March 2009
- Author
-
Mahal, Brandon A., Hoffman, Karen E., Efstathiou, Jason A., and Nguyen, Paul L.
- Abstract
We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to determine whether any changes in postprostatectomy radiotherapy (PPRT) recommendations occurred after the publication of the Southwestern Oncology Group 87-94 update in 2009 and what factors were associated with PPRT recommendations. To our knowledge, our study is the first to use a large national contemporary cohort to demonstrate an increase in PPRT uptake after the dissemination of survival benefit data. Still, absolute PPRT utilization rates remain low, suggesting that the oncologic community remains unconvinced that PPRT is needed for most patients with adverse features after prostatectomy.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.