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Iliofemoral venous obstructive disease can result in significant, potentially debilitating symptoms that can negatively affect quality of life. Unlike arterial disease, patients with deep venous disease have a significantly lower median age, therefore the need for long term stent patency becomes a matter of decades rather than years. Furthermore, iliofemoral lesions frequently require stent placement across the inguinal ligament. Such stents are subject to dynamic stress from leg movement and associated concerns for device fatigue, resulting in stent fracture. The aim of this study was to describe an in vitro 50 year stent fatigue test method designed to assess durability against dynamic stress induced device fracture. Through literature review, cadaver studies, and computer modelling, the most challenging loading was confirmed to be hip flexion across the inguinal ligament. This occurs when the patient adjusts between a seated and standing position. Sit to stand hip flexion at the inguinal ligament was effectively simulated on the bench in this in vitro experimental study. When tested under challenge parameters, hip flexion was reliably found to cause fractures in non-venous nitinol stents. However, a dedicated self expanding nitinol venous stent, engineered for improved durability, underwent up to 50 years of simulated loading on the bench with 15% (3/20) of stents experiencing fractures at 50 years, compared with fractures in 35% (14/40) of non-venous stents tested to 1.4 years; no statistical testing was performed as durations do not match and the objective was to demonstrate the test method. The presented fatigue test method is a suitable approach for evaluating the durability of stents intended for venous use. Venous stents demonstrated superior fatigue resistance compared with non-venous stents via in vitro hip flexion testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to investigate the efficacy of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle coating on stainless steel 316L (SS 316L) orthopaedic implants to enhance their biocompatibility, osseointegration, and durability. The TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via the hydrothermal method and extensively characterized for composition, crystallinity, and morphology using techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), corroborated by elemental mapping. SEM and XRD analyses revealed the synthesized nanoparticles have a spherical shape and an average size of approximately 23 nanometres. The synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles were uniformly coated on SS 316L substrates using the spin coating technique, as confirmed by SEM images. Cell viability of the synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles, as well as uncoated and TiO2 nanoparticle-coated SS 316L substrates, was evaluated using the MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay against the NIH-3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line. The results demonstrated that the TiO2 nanoparticle-coated SS 316L substrate showed a significant increase of 22.87% in cell viability as compared to the uncoated SS 316L substrate. A ball-on-disc tribometer was employed to assess wear and friction resistance at various speeds, viz., 150 rpm, 300 rpm, and 450 rpm, under 30N load conditions for five minutes. The results collectively indicate a substantial improvement in the performance of TiO2 nanoparticle-coated SS 316L substrates for orthopaedic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The compressive strength of sandcrete block is a very important aspect of a block in a building. In many cases of building failures in Nigeria, the strength of the sandcrete block, has been figured as one of the causes of the failure. Hence the objective of this paper was to model and optimize the mass density for strength and durability of sandcrete block from okhuare in Edo State, Nigeria using standard methods. The mass of block was minimized, density was maximized, failure load was maximized, water absorption was minimized and compressive strength was maximized. Mass is 27.3287, density is 2149.19, failure load is 234.861, water absorption is 6.60831 and compressive strength is 4.08817. The optimum value of process parameters were determined. Water is 0.56, cement is 0.42, sand is 10.00. The experiment was performed and the results accurately measured and a mathematical model that can adequately explain the effects of the process parameters on the strength and durability of the sandcrete block was developed and the most significant factor influencing the strength of the block was identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The ischemic peri-procedural complication rates of unruptured and ruptured aneurysm were 2.9% and 8.0% respectively. • The hemorrhagic peri-procedural complication rates of unruptured and ruptured aneurysm were 2.1% and 8.0% respectively. • Overall cumulative major recurrence rates at 12 months, 18 months, three years, and five years were correspondingly 5.1 %, 7.1 %, 11.9 %, and 11.9 %. • Independent risk factors for major recurrence were a ruptured aneurysm, initial imcomplete occlusion, aneurysm size, and neck size. To evaluate the feasibility and durability of coil embolization for MCAB aneurysms by analyzing clinical and radiological results. From January of 2008 to June of 2018, we treated a total of 1785 aneurysms using coil embolization. The aneurysms were treated by both coiling and stent-assisted coiling. Among these cases, 223 MCAB aneurysms were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical and radiological assessments were conducted at admission, after treatment, at discharge, and at last clinical follow-up. Coil embolization was performed on 223 MCAB aneurysms in 217 patients. Peri-procedural ischemic, hemorrhagic, and other complications within 30 days after coil embolization occurred at rates of 8.0 %, 8.0 %, and 2.0 %, respectively, in the ruptured group and at 2.9 %, 1.2 %, and 0 %, respectively, in the unruptured group. The overall morbidity and mortality rates associated with complications were 2.3 % and 2.0 %. The cumulative major recurrence rates were 5.1 % at 12 months, 7.1 % at 18 months, and 11.9 % at three years after coil embolization. The mean follow-up period was 33.27 ± 25.48 months. Independent risk factors for major recurrence after coil embolization for MCAB aneurysms were a ruptured aneurysm, initial incomplete occlusion, the aneurysm size, and the neck size. Coil embolization is a good alternative treatment option for MCAB aneurysms compared to surgical clipping. Considering the risk factors for major recurrence, the follow-up angiography should continue up to three years after coil embolization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on a thorough review of the utilisation of the wavelet transform in the analysis of durability and structural health monitoring in automotive components. The evolving trend in research in automotive engineering structural integrity analysis has shifted from traditional laboratory experiments to a focus on signal processing and simulation-based methodologies over the past 30 years. This shift has motivated researchers to explore the application of the wavelet transform for signal processing in the analysis of structural integrity. The study is divided into five sections: the first section provides an introduction to durability analysis in automotive applications and highlights the advancement of research trends. The following section discusses the time and frequency domain signal processing approaches and their limitations. Next, the third section provides the theoretical background of the wavelet transform, including the continuous and discrete wavelet transforms. The fourth section emphasises the applications of wavelet transform as a signal processing tool in the durability and structural health monitoring of automotive components. Lastly, the summary highlights the importance of wavelet transform as a signal processing tool in automotive applications. • Review on current research of wavelet transform in automotive engineering. • Research trend analysis of wavelet transform in signal processing is conducted. • Research works in FDE and SHM using wavelet transform were reviewed. • Hot topics in FDE and SHM using wavelet transform were highlighted [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Additive manufacturing processes for the production of large structural components, such as wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), offer great manufacturing potential due to their flexibility and design freedom, e.g. for the automotive industry. In order to achieve the desired surface and properties of the surface zone, additive manufacturing is usually followed by mechanical finishing. In this paper, the influence of the process parameters during WAAM and deep rolling (DR) on the residual stresses and the lifetime of AlSi12 components is investigated. Knowledge of the interactions between the process parameters in WAAM and DR as well as their effect on the surface zone properties and the application behavior is elementary. This enables the prediction of the component properties and quality. With the help of the appropriate selection of the process parameters, the residual stress state and the service life can be increased in such a way that components with high fatigue strength can be manufactured. This results in an average increase in service life of up to 17.8 times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the ability to attenuate power output (PO) declines after accumulated work (i.e., 'durability') is increasingly recognized as a major determinant of cycling performance, the potential role of the intensity of the previous work is unclear. We assessed the effect of work-matched levels of accumulated work at different intensities on performance in male professional cyclists. Observational field-based study. PO data was registered in 17 cyclists during a competition season, and the critical power (CP) was repeatedly determined every 4 weeks from training sessions and competitions. Participants' maximum mean power (MMP) for different durations (5 s, 5 min, 10 min, and 20 min) and the CP were determined under 'fresh' conditions (0 kJ·kg−1) and after varying levels of accumulated work (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 kJ·kg−1) at intensities below and above the CP. A significant decline was found for all MMP values following all levels of accumulated work above the CP (− 4.0 %, − 1.7 %, − 1.8 %, and − 3.2 % for 30s, 5 min, 10 min and 20 min-MMP, respectively; all p < 0.001), versus no change after any level of accumulated work below the CP (all p > 0.05). Similar results were observed for the CP, which decreased after all levels of accumulated work above (− 2.2 %, − 6.1 %, and − 16.2 %, after 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 kJ·kg−1, p < 0.001) but not below this indicator (p > 0.05). In male professional cyclists, accumulated work above the CP impairs performance compared with work-matched, albeit less intense efforts. This raises concerns on the use of mechanical work per se as a single fatigue/stress indicator in these athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Galician Journal of Economics / Revista Galega de Economía is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A detailed laboratory study is carried out to evaluate the engineering properties of the Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) coming from the construction and demolition waste to be used in the stabilized subbase of the flexible pavement. The index properties such as impact test, abrasion test, specific gravity, water absorption, and pH test were carried out on the RCA material. The RCA was blended with the natural aggregate (NA) in 20% to 100% with an increment of 20%. The cement was added in the 3%, 4%, 5%, and 6% to the RCA and NA material blend to make a bound subbase layer. On the combination of RCA, NA, and cement proctor tests, the Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test, durability test, and Repeated load triaxial (RLT) test were carried out. The results support the use of RCA material in the subbase layer of flexible pavement with UCS of more than 1.5 MPa, which is the Indian standard requirement. Even the durability under wet and dry cycles was satisfied by all combinations except combinations having 100% RCA + 3% Cement. From the RLT test, the resilient modulus (Mr) was found for different fifteen stages of confining pressure and deviator stresses. The Mr values increase with the increment in deviator stress and confining pressure. The combinations showed better performance in terms of strength with natural aggregate added in RCA to be used in the bound subbase layer of the flexible pavement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a significant challenge to address the complex issue of comparing multiple products with the same function but distinct characteristics in the circular economy framework and its implications for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in the footwear sector. Our strategy involved developing a specific methodology for determining the durability characteristic of physical products, which was accomplished by combining the results of various physical tests. In particular, a set of urban soles was examined for the case study. The environmental footprints of the footwear were then normalised using this durability metric, aligning them with the number of units required to reach practical quality levels. Using this method, we achieved substantial changes in the results of the LCA analysis, particularly in the context of products whose design prioritised particular qualities like durability. As a result, this research emphasises the necessity of redefining the functional unit, particularly from the circular economy perspective, and illustrates how it may positively impact company eco-design policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using cement with fibers is a cost-effective way to improve soft clays' engineering properties. This study investigates the strength, stiffness, and durability of artificially cemented alluvial clay stabilized with glass fiber. Unconfined compressive strength and shear wave velocity tests were used, along with microstructural analysis via scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Durability and resistance to harsh weather were evaluated using wet-dry cycles. The combination of cement and glass fiber improved the mechanical response, with 0.4% glass fiber being the most effective. A blend of 0.4% glass fiber with 13% cement showed the highest strength and stiffness improvement and reduced mass loss. This mixture, supported by unique power functions forecasting its properties, is suitable for various civil engineering projects, such as unbounded sub-layers, highway barriers, stone columns, and ground improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims Durable clinical remission, endoscopic healing, and biomarker normalization are key treatment goals for Crohn's disease. The selective anti-interleukin-23 p19 inhibitor risankizumab has demonstrated efficacy and safety in moderately to severely active Crohn's disease. This post-hoc analysis of data from the pivotal risankizumab maintenance study assessed whether risankizumab maintenance therapy sustained the clinical and endoscopic outcomes achieved with risankizumab induction therapy. Methods We evaluated 462 patients who achieved a clinical response to risankizumab intravenous induction treatment and were re-randomized to receive subcutaneous risankizumab 360 mg, subcutaneous risankizumab 180 mg, or placebo [withdrawal] every 8 weeks for 52 weeks in the randomized, controlled FORTIFY maintenance study. Maintenance of clinical, endoscopic, and biomarker endpoints at week 52 among patients who achieved these endpoints after 12 weeks of induction treatment was evaluated. Results A significantly higher proportion of patients receiving maintenance treatment with risankizumab 360 or 180 mg compared with placebo [withdrawal] maintained Crohn's Disease Activity Index remission [68.6%, 70.8%, vs 56.3%; p  < 0.05], stool frequency/abdominal pain remission [69.2%, 64.1%, vs 50.5%; p  < 0.01], endoscopic response [70.2%, 68.2%, vs 38.4%; p  < 0.001], endoscopic remission [74.4%, 45.5%, vs 23.9%; p  < 0.05], and Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease of 0–2 [65.5%, 36.7%, vs 21.9%]. Most patients [56.8–83.3%] who achieved normalized faecal calprotectin or C-reactive protein during induction sustained them with maintenance risankizumab. Conclusions Subcutaneous risankizumab maintenance therapy results in durable improvement in clinical and endoscopic outcomes over 1 year in patients with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease. Clinical trial registration number NCT03105102. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Robust data on changes in pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) procedural volume and predictors of bioprosthetic pulmonary valve (BPV) durability in patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) are scarce. This study sought to assess temporal trends in PVR procedural volume and BPV durability in a nationwide, retrospective TOF cohort. Data were obtained from patient records. Robust linear regression was used to assess temporal trends in PVR procedural volume. Piecewise exponential additive mixed models were used to estimate BPV durability, defined as the time from implantation to redo PVR with death as a competing risk, and to assess risk factors for reduced durability. In total, 546 PVR were performed in 384 patients from 1976 to 2021. The annual number of PVR increased from 0.4 to 6.0 per million population (P < 0.001). In the last decade, the transcatheter PVR volume increased by 20% annually (P < 0.001), whereas the surgical PVR volume did not change significantly. The median BPV durability was 17 years (Q1: 10-Q3: 10 years-not applicable). There was no significant difference in the durability of different BPV after adjustment for confounders. Age at PVR (HR: 0.78 per 10 years from <1 year; 95% CI: 0.63-0.96; P = 0.02) and true inner valve diameter (9-17 mm vs 18-22 mm HR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.22-0.73; P = 0.003 and 18-22 mm vs 23-30 mm HR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.25-1.39; P = 0.23) were associated with reduced BPV durability in multivariate models. The PVR procedural volume has increased over time, with a greater increment in transcatheter than surgical PVR during the last decade. Younger patient age at PVR and a smaller true inner valve diameter predicted reduced BPV durability. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Both vedolizumab and ustekinumab are approved for the management of Crohn's disease [CD]. Data on which one would be the most beneficial option when anti-tumour necrosis factor [anti-TNF] agents fail are limited. Aims To compare the durability, effectiveness, and safety of vedolizumab and ustekinumab after anti-TNF failure or intolerance in CD. Methods CD patients from the ENEIDA registry who received vedolizumab or ustekinumab after anti-TNF failure or intolerance were included. Durability and effectiveness were evaluated in both the short and the long term. Effectiveness was defined according to the Harvey–Bradshaw index [HBI]. The safety profile was compared between the two treatments. The propensity score was calculated by the inverse probability weighting method to balance confounder factors. Results A total of 835 patients from 30 centres were included, 207 treated with vedolizumab and 628 with ustekinumab. Dose intensification was performed in 295 patients. Vedolizumab [vs ustekinumab] was associated with a higher risk of treatment discontinuation (hazard ratio [HR] 2.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.02–3.21), adjusted by corticosteroids at baseline [HR 1.27; 95% CI: 1.00–1.62], moderate–severe activity in HBI [HR 1.79; 95% CI: 1.20–2.48], and high levels of C-reactive protein at baseline [HR 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02–1.10]. The inverse probability weighting method confirmed these results. Clinical response, remission, and corticosteroid-free clinical remission were higher with ustekinumab than with vedolizumab. Both drugs had a low risk of adverse events with no differences between them. Conclusion In CD patients who have failed anti-TNF agents, ustekinumab seems to be superior to vedolizumab in terms of durability and effectiveness in clinical practice. The safety profile is good and similar for both treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background In this nationwide study we aimed to compare the durability of the first initiated biologic in Crohn's disease [CD], stratified by monotherapy and combotherapy. Methods We used data from the epi-IIRN cohort, which includes 98% of the Israeli inflammatory bowel disease population [2005–2020]. Durability was defined as consistent treatment without surgery or added medications [except for combination therapy with thiopurines or methotrexate]. All comparisons were based on stringent propensity-score matching and paired time-to-event analyses. Results A total of 19 264 patients with CD were included, of whom 7452 [39%] received biologics with a median follow-up of 6.8 years (interquartile range [IQR] 3.6–10.7). Time to biologics decreased gradually from 6.7 years [IQR 2.7–10.4] in 2005 to 0.2 years [0.07–0.23] in 2020. The durability of the first biologic after 1 and 3 years was higher with adalimumab monotherapy [88%/61%] than vedolizumab monotherapy [81%/59%; n  = 394 matched patients, p  = 0.04] and similar between infliximab monotherapy and vedolizumab monotherapy [65%/43%; n  = 182 matched patients, p  = 0.1]. Durability was higher in adalimumab monotherapy vs infliximab monotherapy [83%/62% vs 71%/48% at 1/3 years; p  <0.001] and it was similar in adalimumab monotherapy vs infliximab combotherapy [87%/63% vs 80%/58%, respectively; p  = 0.1]. Durability was higher in combotherapy compared with monotherapy for both infliximab [85%/64% vs 67%/43%, respectively; n  = 496 matched pairs, p  <0.001], and adalimumab [93%/76% vs 82%/62%, respectively; n  = 540 matched pairs, p  <0.001]. Conclusion Durability of the first biologic in CD was highest for adalimumab monotherapy. Combotherapy further increased the durability of adalimumab and infliximab. Unless otherwise indicated, our data may support using anti-tumour necrosis factors [TNFs] as first-line biologics in CD, particularly adalimumab if monotherapy is advised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Family-origin companies have a fundamental importance in the business fabric and significantly contribute to the Colombian national economy. However, the present study aims to understand the characterization of Corporate Governance in family businesses in the city of Barranquilla. This research establishes the scope of characterizing Corporate Governance in family businesses in Barranquilla. For this purpose, a descriptive methodology is constructed and framed within exploratory information analysis through cluster analysis and Principal Component Analysis. As relevant findings of the research, three profiles were identified in the study population with a Silhouette indicator of 0.496: the first profile has room for improvement in all dimensions due to low consolidation compared to the other profiles; the second profile has strength in good governance and selection policy but opportunities for improvement in other variables; and finally, the third profile has strength in all dimensions. These family businesses must define roles and apply Corporate Governance to achieve stability and understanding of subsystems, impacting the economy and family cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to experiment with the integration of agricultural solid wastes into the manufacturing process of cementitious materials, ensuring that the resulting products exhibit satisfactory durability and mechanical properties. In this study, geopolymer composite (GP) was prepared using ground granulated blast furnace slag (BFS) and Arachis hypogaea (AH) fine dry peels as an example of agriculture waste is commonly available in Egypt. Some selected GP mixes were reinforced by nano magnetite (Fe3O4,NF). The prepared GP was cured for 28 days at two different circumferences, a normal curing at 25°C or hydrothermal curing at 60°C/0.02MPa. The setting times and compressive strength of the different types of manufactured general purpose (GP) were evaluated. The durability of the prepared GP against firing as well as H2SO4 acid (5%) attack were measured. The findings demonstrated that BFS/AH based GP offered diminished setting times and GP mixes hydrothermally cured at 60°C/0.02MPa adopted higher mechanical properties than those cured normally at room temperature. Besides, incorporation of AH dry peels up to 10% in GP manufacturing boosted the mechanical properties during the first 3 days for GP mixes cured at room temperature. Additionally, in comparison to the reference mix, the blended mix showed an accepted resistance to the effect of firing and astonishing resistance to acid attack. Admixing GP with 1% NF improved its durability in the two deterioration actions studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concrete has experienced significant improvements in recent decades, resulting in lower Portland cement consumption as well as a lower carbon footprint through CO2 injection while keeping comparable fresh, mechanical, and durability performance. The use of CO2 injection in concrete (CarbonCure) in the United States and Canada has enabled advances such as green concrete under normal and severe conditions. While incorporating novel developments, this study focuses on CarbonCure concrete modification in the extreme weather of the Arabian Gulf region. This is a relatively new option that has entered the field in the Middle East. The materials, process, and fresh and hardened properties of the CarbonCure concrete made and field cured in the Arabian Gulf region will be considered here and evaluated in detail. Along with adding CO2 to the mix, the cementitious material was lowered without impacting the quality or performance of the structural concrete. The developed green mix included up to 0.2% CO2 by mass of cementitious material. Because of the benefit of early carbonation, which strengthened the concrete product even with less cementitious material, this green concrete mix retained a 28% increase in slump compared to the standard concrete mix without CO2, a 28-day compressive strength of 48 MPa, low water absorption of 1.3%, and resistance to aggressive chemicals, all within the limits defined by the standard codes. Due to these benefits, and because this green concrete was tested against the severe coastal climate, it would be ideal for maritime applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work is devoted to the search for new materials with high functional characteristics using the Avinit vacuum-plasma technologies developed by us, based on the complex use of coating methods (plasma-chemical CVD, vacuum-plasma PVD (vacuumarc, magnetron), processes of ion saturation and ion surface treatment), stimulated by non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma. Processes of controlled plasma-chemical synthesis of the formation of multicomponent coatings in “metal-carbon” systems – Avinit coating (TiC, MoC) using vacuum-arc sources of ionized atomic fluxes of titanium and molybdenum in an argon-benzene plasma environment were developed and their characteristics were studied depending on their conditions formation. Metallographic studies confirm the possibility of low-temperature application of high-quality wear-resistant high-hard “metal-carbon” coatings with a hardness of 18,000–30,000 MPa, while ensuring good adhesion to the substrate materials (steel DIN 1.2379) without reducing strength and without deteriorating the cleanliness class of the original surface. The conducted tribological tests using the “cube-roller” scheme reveal high tribological characteristics of steel DIN 1.2379 tribopairs with developed coatings and testify to the promisingness of the developed multi-component multilayer coatings Avinit (Ti-C, MoS) for increasing wear resistance and reducing the coefficient of sliding friction in friction nodes. The developed plasma-chemical vacuum-plasma coatings are applied to mock-up samples of the working compressor blades of the GTE of aircraft engines. Proven modes allow to get high-quality, uniform coatings with high adhesion. This gives reason to consider the developed process as an alternative for expanding the range of new Avinit vacuum-plasma erosionresistant coatings and developing structures of anti-friction wear-resistant coatings to increase the performance of friction pairs in “coating-steel” and “coating-coating” systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the influence of tie-dye techniques on the durability and aesthetic appeal of textiles. To address the issues of textile damage and visual aesthetics during usage, researchers conducted comparative experiments using five tie-dye fabric techniques and a wax-resist technique. The experimental results revealed that textiles processed through the folding and clamping dye method exhibited notable resistance to breakage in terms of durability. Textiles treated with the stitch and bind dye method demonstrated significant advantages over other processing methods in terms of colorfastness, fabric luster, and visual attractiveness. The study findings indicate a positive impact of tie-dye techniques on the durability and aesthetic appeal of textiles. By employing tie-dye techniques, the durability of the textiles remained uncompromised while enhancing their aesthetic appeal. This technique is suitable for everyday use, and it also improves the visual quality of textiles, making them more competitive in the market. Therefore, tie-dye techniques offer an effective and promising improvement method for the textile industry, with wide potential applications in practical production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Stomatologica Croatica is the property of Acta Stomatologica Croatica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study systematically reviewed the literature regarding the bond strength durability of zirconia ceramics to resin-based luting cements after application of different bonding protocols and aging conditions. Electronic searches in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were performed for relevant literature published between January 1st 2015 and November 15th 2022. Ninety-three (93) English language in-vitro studies were included. The percentage of the mean bond strength change was recorded prior to and after artificial aging, and the weighted mean values and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Bonding protocols were classified based on the combination of MDP/non-MDP containing cement/primer and surface pretreatment, as well as the level of artificial aging performed. Alumina sandblasting (SA) was identified as the most frequently used surface pre-treatment while an insufficient number of studies was identified for each category of alternative surface treatments. The combination of MDP cement with tribochemical silica coating (TSC) or SA yielded more durable results after aging, while the application of SA and TSC improved bond durability when a non-MDP cement and a non-MDP primer were used. TSC may lead to increased bond durability compared to SA, whereas MDP cements may act similarly when combined with SA or TSC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polimery is the property of Industrial Chemistry Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells are a suitable electrochemical power source for heavy duty vehicle (HDV) applications due to their high efficiency and durability. The cathode of the fuel cell uses a higher geometric loading of platinum (~0.2 to 0.4 mgPt/cm²) for the electrocatalysis of the kinetically sluggish Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) which requires higher weight percent loading of the metal (~50%) on the carbon support to decrease the catalyst layer thickness and hence, the reactant transport losses. The conventionally used supports for platinum catalyst, such as the KetjenBlack™ type high surface area carbon (HSC) features limited mesopore area for the dispersion of Pt nanoparticles leading to increased aggregation and poor durability. Here, we show a new class of carbon materials known as the Engineered Catalyst Support (ECS) developed by Pajarito Powder with higher mesopore fraction for the dispersion of higher weight percentage of Pt nanoparticles. ECS materials can disperse up to 50% Pt by weight of the catalyst thereby enabling lower catalyst layer thickness with higher performance retained after durability test. A comprehensive set of physico-chemical and electrochemical studies in membrane electrode assembly (MEA) are reported to understand the performance and durability of Pt/ECS catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the importance of integrating sustainability and durability factors in quality management in projects and new product development. Integrating a sustainability factor into the capability assessment of a manufacturing process is essential to combine performance and reliability with reduced environmental and societal impact. Integrating a durability factor into new product development is a fundamental requirement in today's context of social responsibility and environmental requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology is the property of Issues in Ethnology Anthropology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Data are limited regarding the long-term durability of sustained virologic response (SVR) in solid organ transplant recipients who achieve SVR 12 with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV). We reported the virologic outcomes in 42 recipients who received DAAs for acute or chronic HCV infection after heart, liver, and kidney transplantation. After achieving SVR 12 , all recipients received HCV RNA surveys at SVR 24 , and biannually until the last visit. If HCV viremia was detected during the follow-up period, direct sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed to confirm late relapse or reinfection. Sixteen (38.1%), 11 (26.2%), and 15 (35.7%) patients underwent heart, liver and, kidney transplantation. Thirty-eight (90.5%) received sofosbuvir (SOF)-based DAAs. No recipients had late relapse or reinfection after a median (range) of post-SVR 12 follow-up 4.0 (1.0–6.0) years. We demonstrate that the durability of SVR in solid organ transplant recipients is excellent once SVR 12 is achieved with DAAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, several aspects of autogenous and autonomous healing concrete are discussed, including their characterization, processes, and performances. Mineral admixtures, fibers, and autonomous methods like shape memory alloys, capsules, and microbial technologies have been found effective in repairing cracks. Based on this review, autonomous approaches heal cracks better than autogenous methods also geometry and size of cracks have an important role in selecting self-healing techniques and agents. The effectiveness of biomimetic materials such as shape memory alloys, capsules, and bacteria-based self-healing concrete is also being carefully considered. Lastly, future research scope and present gaps are recognized and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (MMPIs) on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and nanoleakage of universal adhesives. One hundred twenty non-carious human molars were prepared and randomly assigned to two groups: Scotchbond Bond Universal (SBU) and Gluma Bond Universal (GBU). The samples in each group were assigned to five subgroups (n=12) based on one control (water) and four MMPIs (Benzalkonium-chloride (BAC), Batimastat (BB94), Chlorhexidine (CHX), and Epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG)). Each adhesive was applied in self-etch (SE) mode or etch-and-rinse (ER) mode. Dentin/composite sticks were fabricated and subjected to the μTBS test after 24 h or 6 months. At 6 months, MMPIs did not affect the μTBS of the adhesives, regardless of etching mode. Nanoleakage was more pronounced in ER mode than in SE mode for all subgroups. All MMPIs, with the exception of CHX, decreased the nanoleakage of GBU in ER mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This article reviewed twelve years of circulation data related to loss and damage of video game equipment, specifically consoles, game controllers, and gaming peripherals such as steering wheels, virtual reality headsets, and joysticks in an academic library collection. Methods: The authors analyzed data gathered from game equipment bibliographic and item records. Only data related to the console system, game controllers, and peripherals such as steering wheels, virtual reality headsets, and joysticks were evaluated for rate of circulation, loss, and damage. Cables and bags were not evaluated because the replacement cost for these items is negligible when considering long-term budgeting and maintenance of a game collection. Results: The majority of video game equipment can be circulated without unsustainable loss or damage. The library has been able to continue circulating video game equipment without undue replacement costs or loss of access for its patrons. Conclusion: Although equipment will occasionally break or be lost, libraries should not let this unduly affect consideration when starting a video game collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Multi-storey car park buildings with steel–concrete composite floor structures are widespread in construction due to the distinct benefits of the implemented structural system. Although there are various possibilities for accomplishing composite action between a steel beam and a concrete slab, some solutions, such as friction-grip bolts commonly applied in the 1970s, did not show good durability. An example is the multi-storey car park building "Obilićev venac" in Belgrade. This case study presents two methods for life extension of the car park building structure. Both approaches focus on applying welded headed studs with the primary intention of providing a durable shear connection. While the first method has been applied during the structure's reconstruction, the second method is proposed as a novel solution for implementation in steel–concrete composite floors. The application of the proposed connection is discussed and the results of the experimental and numerical research conducted are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the seismic assessment of an existing Maillart-arch-type bridge. The evaluations concern a still-in-use deck-stiffened concrete arch bridge, the Viadotto Olivieri (Salerno, South Italy): it's an r.c. deck-arch bridge having a permanent-to-live loads ratio of 6:1. The seismic characterization has been supported by various FEM models. Multiple accurate analyses have been necessary to exploit effectively the potentials of this structural scheme before evaluating any possible retrofit strategies. With this aim, different schemes were checked, changing deck configurations and restraints at the base. The bridge has been modeled in a realistic way, using shells and beams. A preliminary linear analysis has been performed that consisted of applying a total horizontal force equal to 10% of the bridge's permanent loads in both plan directions. This displayed the most vulnerable elements, which were later also confirmed by modal outputs. The response spectrum analysis, assuming the seismic parameters of the site, showed that the highest effects occur for translational local modes in which only a few macro-elements are involved (monolithic behavior). The results also demonstrate the good performance of the Maillart-arch scheme in counteracting seismic loads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to assess the shear bond strength and durability between plasma-pretreated and polydopamine (PDA)-coated zirconia and titanium. Four groups were prepared according to the different surface treatments (untreated ZrO2, plasma-pretreated ZrO2, PDA-coated ZrO2, and plasma-pretreated and PDA-coated ZrO2 (PP+PDA-ZrO2). The surface topography and roughness, contact angle, and elemental analysis of the coatings of the four groups were investigated, and the bond strength and durability of the specimens were evaluated based on shear bond strength and thermocycle tests. Physical and chemical characterization results confirmed that PDA coatings can be successfully formed on zirconia substrates. The roughness and hydrophilicity were significantly higher in the PP+PDA-ZrO2 group, which demonstrated better shear bond strength and durability between zirconia and titanium. The plasma pretreatment of zirconia substrates can enhance the stability of the PDA coating layer, and hybrid surface modifications can provide several bonding advantages for clinical use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the effect of luting system with acidic primers on the durability of bonds with Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al titanium alloy (Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al) and its component metals. Adherend metals were Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al, Ti, Mo, Zr, and Al. Four primers were evaluated as adhesion promoters: Alloy Primer (ALP), Estenia Opaque Primer (EOP), M. L. Primer (MLP), and Super Bond liquid (SBL). An acrylic resin was used as the luting material. Pre- and post-thermocycling shear bond strength was determined to evaluate the bonding durability, and the results were compared using non-parametric statistical analyses (n=11/group). The post-thermocycling bond strength in MPa (median) associated with ALP, EOP, MLP, and SBL were 18.8, 19.8, 4.1, and 0.8, respectively, for Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al. The results showed that two primers containing 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) were effective for the durability of bonding of Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al to the resin. MDP enhanced the bonding durability of the resin bonded to either Ti, Zr, or Al. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chemical Industry / Hemijska Industrija is the property of Association of Chemical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The durability failure of reinforced concrete structures will occur under chloride ion erosion. Electrochemical repair technology can effectively improve the durability of reinforced concrete structures and prolong the service life of structures. However, the electrochemical repair technology may also cause hydrogen embrittlement and porosity change in reinforced concrete structures. The electrochemical test of reinforced concrete block with precast crack was carried out in this work. The results show that the bond loss of reinforced concrete is small when the electric flux is small. The electrochemical repair technique without controlling the electrical parameters results in a significant decrease in the bonding strength. When 5 A/m2 current was used to carry out constant-current electrification for 4 weeks, the maximum loss of bonding force of the specimen was up to 61.2 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of DYNA - Ingeniería e Industria is the property of Publicaciones Dyna SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted more and more attention in the application of traditional cementitious materials due to their excellent mechanical properties, high aspect ratio, excellent electrical conductivity and sensitivity, and non-destructive modification. By adding an appropriate amount of CNTs, some properties of cementitious materials can be effectively improved. In this paper, the research progress of the application of CNTs in cement-based materials is reviewed. The effects of CNTs on the mechanical properties, physical properties (conductivity, pressure sensitivity, thermal conductivity and microwave absorption properties), microstructure and durability of cement-based materials are mainly discussed. Some problems existing in the current research are summarized, and some suggestions for future research prospects are put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]