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The article discusses that the Potential Influences of Virtual Simulation Prebriefing and Debriefing on Learners' Self-efficacy. Topics discussed include Nationwide, the COVID-19 pandemic forced nursing faculty and students to adapt to rapidly changing circumstances within nursing education; and these changes resulted in major educational challenges for students and faculty.

To discover the prevalence of pica, the documentation of pica on medical records, and any relationship of pica to pregnancy outcomes in rural socioeconomically disadvantaged pregnant women. Study Design and Methods: Prospective, descriptive, correlational investigation with 128 women who sought prenatal care from two rural community health agencies. Demographic and sociocultural variables, pica practices, pica substances ingested, and pregnancy outcomes were collected. Results: Thirty- eight percent of these pregnant women practiced pica. African-American women reported practicing pica more often than other ethnicities. Substances ingested included ice (>1 cup/day), freezer frost,laundry starch, cornstarch, clay dirt, and baked clay dirt, Polypica (ingestion of more than one substance) was practiced by 11 women. Women practicing pica were more likely to have been underweight prior to pregnancy, and smoked fewer cigarettes. Women reporting daily pica practice were significally more likely to have lower prenatal hematocritis than women who did not practice pica, or who practiced pica less frequently than daily. No specific pregnancy complication was associated with the practice of pica. Clinical Implication: Pica exists, and might be more common than healthcare providers assume. Although this study did not show specific pregnancy complications associated with pica, other studies have shown anemia and lead poisoning among women who practice pica. It is not clear that patients volunteer information about pica, so it would be helpful if nurses queried patients at each prenatal visit regarding pica practice. Discussion of pica practices should be based on a nonjudgmental model, for pica may have strong cultural implications, and may be practiced for cultural reasons unknown to the nurse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Health care agencies have an increased need for entry-level nurses who are clinically competent and able to think critically in order to meet the complex patient care requirements for which they will be responsible. Prior to graduation, undergraduate senior nursing students frequently need further development of these critical thinking and clinical skills, and employers are seeking to hire those who are best prepared. The increased demand for competent graduates, combined with a shortage of clinical opportunities, means that schools of nursing must develop innovative educational approaches in conjunction with clinical partners. Clinical partners may include college of nursing alumni, agency staff nurses, and administrators who will meet both the learning needs of students and the resource needs of nursing employers. Human patient simulation is a teaching strategy increasingly used by schools of nursing to develop students'' clinical competency and clinical judgment skills. At our college of nursing, faculty working with students just prior to graduation recognized an opportunity to use human patient simulators as a competency evaluation strategy as well. A commitment to effectively and creatively deal with the demands of clinical learning led faculty to collaborate with varied stakeholders to establish a theory-based approach to developing clinical scenario simulations using human patient simulators to prepare entry-level nurses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]