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AimsTo explore the accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) and its relationship with lipid metabolism, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the carcinogenesis processes in the oral cavity.MethodsLDs were stained by oil red O. Forty-eight oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), 78 oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and 25 normal tissue sections were included to explore the LDs surface protein caveolin-2 and perilipin-3, lipid metabolism-related molecule FABP5 and EMT biomarker E-cadherin expression by immunohistochemical staining.ResultsThe accumulation of LDs was observed in OPMDs and OSCCs compared with normal tissues (p<0.05). In general, an increasing trend of caveolin-2, perilipin-3 and FABP5 expression was detected from the normal to OPMDs to OSCC groups (p<0.05). Additionally, caveolin-2, perilipin-3 and FABP5 expression were positively correlated with epithelial dysplasia in OPMDs, whereas E-cadherin positivity was negatively correlated with histopathological grade in both OPMDs and OSCC, respectively. A negative correlation of caveolin-2 (p<0.01, r =−0.1739), and FABP5 (p<0.01, r =−0.1880) with E-cadherin expression was detected. The caveolin-2 (p<0.0001, r=0.2641) and perilipin-3 (p<0.05, r=0.1408) staining was positively correlated with FABP5. Increased caveolin-2 expression was related to local recurrence and worse disease-free survival (p<0.05).ConclusionIn the oral epithelial carcinogenesis process, LDs begin to accumulate early in the precancerous stage. LDs may be the regulator of FABP5-associated lipid metabolism and may closely related to the process of EMT; caveolin-2 could be the main functional protein.

The aim of the present study was to explore the role of lipid droplet (LD) functional gene CAV2 in the development and malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia (OLK) and its relationship with lipid metabolism in vivo.

Nanomedicine has attracted increasing attention and emerged as a safer and more effective modality in cancer treatment than conventional chemotherapy. In particular, the distinction of tumor microenvironment and normal tissues is often used in stimulus-responsive drug delivery systems for controlled release of therapeutic agents at target sites. In this study, we developed mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) coated with polyacrylic acid (PAA), and pH-sensitive lipid (PSL) for synergistic delivery and dual-pH-responsive sequential release of arsenic trioxide (ATO) and paclitaxel (PTX) (PL-PMSN-PTX/ATO). Tumor-targeting peptide F56 was used to modify MSNs, which conferred a target-specific delivery to cancer and endothelial cells under neoangiogenesis. PAA- and PSL-coated nanoparticles were characterized by TGA, TEM, FT-IR, and DLS. The drug-loaded nanoparticles displayed a dual-pH-responsive (pHe= 6.5, pHendo= 5.0) and sequential drug release profile. PTX within PSL was preferentially released at pH = 6.5, whereas ATO was mainly released at pH = 5.0. Drug-free carriers showed low cytotoxicity toward MCF-7 cells, but ATO and PTX co-delivered nanoparticles displayed a significant synergistic effect against MCF-7 cells, showing greater cell-cycle arrest in treated cells and more activation of apoptosis-related proteins than free drugs. Furthermore, the extracellular release of PTX caused an expansion of the interstitial space, allowing deeper penetration of the nanoparticles into the tumor mass through a tumor priming effect. As a result, FPL-PMSN-PTX/ATO exhibited improved in vivo circulation time, tumor-targeted delivery, and overall therapeutic efficacy.

Background: Our previous work demonstrated upregulated CD47 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Objective: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of CD47 on tumor cell development and phagocytosis in OSCC and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods: The proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of oral cancer cells were analyzed after knocking down the expression of CD47. The effects of CD47 on tumor development were also evaluated using a murine model of OSCC. The involvement of CD47 in the phagocytosis of oral cancer cells was identified. Results: Cell proliferation was suppressed by knocking down the expression of CD47 in human OSCC cell line Cal-27 cells but there was no change in the apoptosis rate. Moreover, impaired expression of CD47 inhibited the migration and invasion of Cal-27 cells. Furthermore, we found that nude mice injected with CD47 knockeddown Cal-27 cells displayed decreased tumor volumes at week 9 compared to xenograft transplantations of blank Cal-27 cells. In addition, in vitro phagocytosis of Cal-27 cells by macrophages was significantly enhanced after the knockdown of CD47, which positively correlated with compromised STAT3/JAK2 signaling. Conclusion: In summary, the knockdown of CD47 downregulated the development of OSCC and increased the phagocytosis of Cal-27 cells, indicating that CD47 might be a promising therapeutic target.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the residue elimination of ceftiofur hydrochloride in milk of postpartum cows after intramammary infusing at dry-off. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to detect ceftiofur hydrochloride residue in milk. Through preprocessing, ceftiofur hydrochloride was derivatized into a more stable compound dedfuroyl ceftiofur acetamide (DCA) for further analysis. The linear range of DCA was 0.1 to 50 μg kg−1. Average recoveries of DCA were 82.52–105.86%. The intra-day and interday coefficients of variation (CV) were 2.95–9.82 and 6.41–7.43%, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) scores were 0.05 and 0.1 μg kg−1, respectively. These parameters showed this method was reliable and valid. Twelve cows were administrated 10 mL ceftiofur hydrochloride by intramammary infusion (corresponding to 500 mg ceftiofur) to each udder after the last milking before the dry-off period. Milk was collected from each udder of cow at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h after calving and was mixed for each time point and each cow, then subjected to UPLC-MS/MS analysis. The results showed, the DCA concentrations in all milk samples were less than LOQ and the maximum residue limit (MRL) 100 μg kg−1, which suggested the withdrawal time of ceftiofur hydrochloride intramammary infusion used for preventing and curing mastitis in dry cows was 0 day. The study provided guidance for the clinical applications of ceftiofur hydrochloride intramammary infusion (dry cow).

AbstractBacteria harboring cfr, a multidrug resistance gene, have high prevalence in livestock in China and might be transmitted to humans through direct contact or via contaminated food products. To better understand the epidemiology of cfrproducers in the food chain, the prevalence and genetic analysis of Staphylococcusisolates recovered from pigs, workers, and meat-handling facilities (a slaughterhouse and a hog market in Guangzhou, China) were examined. Twenty (4.5%) cfr-positive Staphylococcusisolates (18 Staphylococcus simulans, 1 S. cohnii, and 1 S. aureus) were derived from pigs (16/312), the environment (2/52), and workers (2/80). SmaI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of 26 staphylococcal strains (22 S. simulansand 4 S. cohnii), including previously reported cfr-carrying staphylococci of animal food origin, exhibited 19 major pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns (A–S). Clonal spread of cfr-carrying staphylococci among pigs, workers, and meat products was detected. The genetic contexts of cfrin plasmids (pHNKF3, pHNZT2, and pHNCR35) obtained from S. simulansof swine or human origin were similar to that of Staphylococcusspecies isolated from human clinics and animal-derived food. The cfr-carrying S. aureusstrain isolated from floor swabs of the hog market was spa-type t889 and belonged to the ST9 clonal lineage. In summary, both clonal spread and horizontal transmission via mobile elements contributed to cfrdissemination among staphylococcal isolates obtained from different sources. To monitor potential outbreaks of cfr-positive bacteria, continued surveillance of this gene in animals at slaughter and in animal-derived food is warranted.

In the sports architectural form creation, structure technology plays an important role, it is the ideal form of guarantee, elements and form, structure and technology as a method of design, is the factor most architects consider first in sports in architectural creation. Technology of building structure technology as the field of material production, the aesthetic features of its shape becomes the main expression of sports architecture aesthetics, aesthetic psychological effects caused by the people. Especially in large span structure system because of its giant scale and exaggerated shapes, people will lose their normal in the presence of mental judgment scale, often by its magnificent momentum of admiration, moved by the building architectural image and space atmosphere. In the sports building design, construction technical support on architectural forms and form depends on the structure technology is beyond doubt, shaping the spatial image mainly depends on the correct expression of shape.

In the theme park and the mass media programs become more and more stylized today, sports reflect the dramatic value it unpredictable. Sports games and TV can create has shocks the strength of scene, and this "reality" becomes the unpredictable nature of the carrier, it can obtain immeasurable business value and city culture of success. Sports buildings to become the new urban symbol, and obtained the original town hall, only a! J galleries and museums can obtain the attention. From twentieth Century the western city construction development history can be seen, city image and city planning and architectural design has great relevance. But the city image seems are always as city construction activities, products, changes with the design theories and ideas vary products. City image is stuck in the design concept of level of city image building.

Ancient sports activities have led to the emergence of sports buildings, generally, sites or buildings that for sports activities occur, can be considered sports architecture. Since ancient times, as the sports facilities, sports building development has always been the social productive forces, social and economic affects, the level of science and technology and political culture. Mark the rise and fall of sports buildings but also the historical period of economic level and the national strength. Early human sports activities for the purpose of more hunting prey to survive. With the development of social productive forces, science and technology and cultural level of progress, and social, human sports activities in the political, military, religious, cultural and artistic activities began to closely together.

The tide of information era, a great impact and new opportunities is the development of sports buildings. This is mainly reflected in the high technology into the sports architecture field, the application of this information technology makes the development of sports buildings pointing in the direction of intelligent. Twenty-first Centuries is the digital age, the further application of digital technology will make the physical space, construction equipment, construction methods produce tremendous change, and the formation of a new design concept. We can foresee information technology revolution for the influence of sports buildings will influence than any one wave of more rapid and far-reaching. A variety of technical means to industrial society brought about by the leap, making people from the conquest of nature, the consumption of natural environment view. It also brought a series of significant environmental and development issues, forcing the view of environment is re evaluating and understanding. The introduction of a harmony with nature, symbiosis, sustainable development of philosophy of technology, should become the important characteristics of sports architectural design.

Human is a product of nature, and nature is the basis of human itself survival, human existence and continuation of life depend on the gift from nature supplies: at the same time, nature can only be incorporated into the life of people, to become a real life elements of human. Construction activity is a creative work of human conquest of nature, transform nature, no doubt has obvious utilitarian purposes, but also must be both aesthetic and spiritual temperament. The city landscape system as a function of complex ecological system structure, has been extensive tied with the architectures.

Green Olympics is to put environmental protection as the first consideration in the planning and construction of Olympic facilities, strict environmental standards and system security system: widely used in environmental protection technology and means, the large-scale multi range to promote environmental governance, forestation and environmental protection industry development; enhance the environmental awareness of the whole society, to encourage the public to consciously choose green consumption, actively participate in various environmental improvement activities, greatly improve the environmental quality of the capital, the construction of livable city.

The rapid development of the city and the environment resulting in the deterioration of the overall force, people began to face the city environment. If the city space environment of metaphor from the macro as a whole, so the sports building is the city's unit, a city, region and the whole city environment organic synthesis. The overall layout of sports buildings should echo the city space, the main features and figure should constitute the area and the surrounding environment, but also with other city environment unit coexistence, dialogue, promote each other, so as to fully reflect the city space environment integrity and vitality.

Sports building are different from the common civil buildings, which are characterized by strong professional, high technical requirements, especially in large scale, complex function of large-scale comprehensive stadium, frequently become the latest technology, strong ability of science and technology places. At the same time, structural engineering, material engineering, ecology and intelligence information and other scientific and technological achievements to provide a great degree of freedom and comprehensive technical support for the development of sports buildings, this also fully annotated sports material and cultural attribute of buildings. This paper will analyze the main technical factors involved in sports building design, to explore the basic idea of sports building technology based on.

The preparation of complex PZT with high d31 piezoelectric performance, which is used to the energy harvesting cantilever in vibration mode, is discussed in this paper. The Si/SiO2/Cr/Au/PT/PZT/PT structure base on (100) silicon crystallographic is growth through a PT transition layer before coating Sol-gel PZT film, which is in favor of the PZT film polarization processing in d31 shear mode. It is shown that the PZT film present the perovskite phase after optimize annealing at 700°C by XRD analysis. Piezoelectric properties test indicated that the PZT film has the coercive field at 23kV/cm and the remnant polarization is 60μC/cm2. The silicon-based cantilever with complex PZT film fabricated by MEMS technology is also given in the paper.

Recently, the influencing factors and the configuration of entrepreneurial intention's model are hot issues. Although there are many related researches, the objects of these studies are focused on undergraduates, migrant workers etc. This article is based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), we define and analyze the constitute connotation of three key variables, which are the behavioral attitude (BA), subject norm (SN) and perceived behavioral control (PBC). We also define their relative salient beliefs. According to researches, we sum up that BA consists of endogenous attitude and exogenous attitude, then the former's salient beliefs are proactive personality and cognitive bias, the latter are spiritual needs and material needs; SN refers to descriptive norm and its salient beliefs are family background, descriptive examples; PBC is divided into self-efficacy and controllability, entrepreneurial ability and locus of control are salient beliefs of the former, and policy environment is salient belief of the latter. Finally, based on above researches, we put forward a model of STP entrepreneurial intention.

Sports venues and outdoor landscape is an important part of city green space system, is the embodiment of city landscape ecology, the subject is the city's ecological function. Starting from the venues, sports venues and building purpose and audience of visitors to the needs and behavior characteristics of people-oriented, fully consider the human needs and ornamental demand, planning and design of high grade, the deep connotation of the sports venues and outdoor space environment. Detailed summarized the main content of sports venues and outdoor landscape planning and design and construction management, the in-depth study of the sports venues and outdoor landscape planning design and construction management method. From the angle of landscape image analysis and planning and design of sports venues and outdoor landscape, the landscape elements simplified and summarized, and the outdoor landscape projects in the planning design and construction management process problems are discussed.

Collection of the stadium natural light environment design information, part of the stadium of light environment with representative of site investigation, then the optical quality of the environment and the operation status of the subjective analysis and evaluation. The negative effect and in-depth study of all kinds of sports project natural lighting technology requirements for lighting stadium and gymnasium, reveals the technical problems of the stadium natural light environment design. Combined with the collection and integration of the relevant information, introduces the related technology and advanced design method of the stadium natural light environment design information. Through the analysis of influence factor of value foundation to enhance the basic approach based on and on, to further explore the market analysis and positioning. Procedure for determining the value engineering implementation the stadium natural light environment design work, lay the foundation for the optimization of the stadium natural light environment design to carry out new design ideas, methods and techniques.

According to the principles that green sports building should follow are reducing environmental load and the amount of the utilized resource and energy. It emphasizes harmoniousness of architecture and environment. Started with green buildings concept, the necessity for developing green building is analyzed and its design rules are summarized. On the basis of that, the architecture of green sports building technology is presented according to the design idea of sports building and green building,. And sustainable utilization of green sports building is explored on resource, environment, energy-saving, after-use and so on. Then green design for manufacturing is referred to. Based on life cycle, green design for sports building is pointed out. At last, by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, assessment model is built and environmental performance in design phase of green sports building is assessed.

Materials in sports building space plays not only a supporting role but also an important part of building exhibition. With the rise of intelligent and ecological buildings, as a building enclosure material properties and role will become more prominent. New advances in technology make material has been not just enclosure system, but with the external environment for building dialogue interface, visual, structure and control technique of bonding layer. How effectively function technology element integration in material artistic expressive force is the important thing in current material design.

The city is a complex system. The construction of sports facilities is a subsystem of the city construction and the correct selection and construction is beneficial to promote the development of the city. It has become an important impetus for the development of city and will serve to undermine and hinder. On the other hand, stadium management and use depends on the surrounding environment support, venues and located in the region to other functional units coordination, organic intergrowth, will facilitate the system overall efficiency of each subsystem and the sustainable development.

The Environmental factors cover a wide range of aspects but noise and emissions are the main regulatory issues which affect the design of the aircraft. Both are largely associated with engine design aspects and aircraft flight profiles. With the expected growth in air traffic at the major airports the environmental pressure groups will become more vocal. This paper shows the influence of airworthiness and environmental influences of aircraft. Both noise and emission pollution were discussed. Several methods were given to reduce these environment pollution on the base of the analysis.

The air-conditioning system is a source of energy consumption and consequently, it has a strong influence on the fuel consumption, the engine load and the pollutant emissions. The air-conditioning system has to be accounted for in the energy balance under the hood. This system is composed of a variable displacement compressor including an internal regulation valve. In this paper, we model a complete system step by step. We build the compressor system and gradually add components so as to end up with the complete system. The simulation results shows that when the suction pressure becomes at some point smaller than the regulation pressure, the valve controls the compressor displacement and tends to reduce it in order to maintain a certain level for the suction pressure. It will be easier to observe the influence of the regulation valve on the complete refrigerant loop system.

The Aircraft mass estimation and the associated 'balancing' of the layout are two of the main decision areas in the project phase of the design. The initial crude 'guesstimates' at the aircraft take-off weight will be progressively refined as more details of the aircraft configuration and systems are settled. How the mass estimation process is progressed and how details of the configuration and systems are related to the total aircraft mass is discussed. After an initial explanation of the factors which affect mass, a simplified method to determine the first estimate of aircraft take-off mass is presented together with an example calculation. A more detailed mass estimation method is then described together with formulae and expressions to predict each of the main components of the aircraft. After this, the items is list in a standardized mass statement for the aircraft. The form of this list is described and the various sub-groupings is shown.

This paper describes how the wing surfaces are defined by aerodynamic, stability/control, layout and structural requirements. The size of the wing (area) will usually be dictated by aircraft performance requirements(e.g. field length) but the shape of the planform and other geometry may be influenced by wing layout factors. In the early design stages choices need to be made on the position of the wing relative to the fuselage (e.g. high, mid or low position) and then on the overall envelope. This will include selection of aspect ratio, taper ratio, sweepback angle, thickness ratio and section profile, and dihedral. Each of these decisions is explained. A brief introduction on flap design of the aerodynamic (lift and drag) characteristics of flaps are also described, which is added to explain the wing layout of aircraft.

The synchronously rotating vector components of the stator current isq and isd are controlled independently to control the torque and the rotor flux, respectively. It can be shown that rotor flux orientation in contrast to stator flux orientation tends to give true decoupling control. Within the synchronous current, the respective counter EMF (Electro Motive Force) signals can be added (or subtracted) to enhance the current loop response. The unit vector signal thetas that transforms the synchronously rotating stator voltage into stationary frame signals has been generated from the speed signal and slip signal which is a function of isq.

The engine cooling system is very important for engine working efficiently. Using AMEsim software to simulate the cooling system can make it easily and clearly. So the simulation system is built. The engine cooling system structure is given first, and the model followed. The influence of the heat component and the fan operating is studied also. Through the analysis of the cooling system, we know that with the help of fan, the system can get additional air in the radiator and make the temperature decrease onsequently. This is very useful to make engine working in high performance.

Exploration in nuclear physics may require extreme conditions, such as temperatures down to a few Kelvin, high magnetic fields of several Tesla, or the small physical dimensions of a few centimeters. As a standard technique for radiation detection using scintillation materials, it is desirable to develop photodetectors that can operate under these harsh conditions. Though photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) have been used for most applications for readout of scintillation materials, they are bulky, highly susceptible to magnetic fields, and present a large heat load in cryogenic environments. Avalanche photodiodes are a reasonable alternative to PMTs in that they are extremely compact and less susceptible to magnetic fields. Avalanche photodiodes have been developed in a commercial CMOS process for operation at temperatures below 100 Kelvin. Here we present the overall operation of the photodiodes at 5 Kelvin. The diodes show a quantum efficiency of at least 30% at 532 nm at 5 Kelvin. At about 30 Kelvin, the diodes exhibit an internal resistive term, which generates a second breakdown point. The prototype diode shows a proportional response to the intensity of light pulses down to 150 detected photons with a hole to electron ionization ratio, k, of 2.3x10-13at 5 Kelvin. The properties of the photodiodes and the readout electronics will be discussed for general photon detection below 100 K.

High-energy, gamma-ray calorimetry typically employs large scintillation crystals coupled to photomultiplier tubes. These calorimeters are segmented to the limits associated with the costs of the crystals, photomultiplier tubes, and support electronics. A cost-effective means for construction of a calorimeter system is to use solid-state photomultipliers (SSPM) with front-end electronics, which is at least half the cost, but the SSPM must provide the necessary energy resolution defined by the physics goals. One experiment with plans to exploit this advantage is an upgrade to the PRIMEX experiment at Jefferson Laboratories. We have developed a large-area SSPM (1 cm × 1 cm) for readout of large scintillation crystals. As PbWO4has excellent properties (small Molière radius and radiation hard) for high-energy gamma-rays (>1 GeV) but low light yields (~150 photons/MeV at 0 °C), evaluation of the SSPM and support readout electronics with LaBr3provides a measure of the device performance. Using the known detection efficiency and dark current of the SSPM, an excess noise factor associated with after pulsing and cross talk is determined. The contribution to the energy resolution from the detector module is calculated as <1% for gamma rays greater than ~2.5 GeV (0.7% at 4.5 GeV).

The aim of this study was to analyze risk factors for failure of subclavian vein catheterization.

Sanggenon C is a flavonoid extracted from the root bark of white mulberry, which is a traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antitumor pharmacological effects. In this study, sanggenon C was found to inhibit human gastric cancer (GC) cell proliferation and colony formation, induce GC cell cycle arrest in the G0–G1 phase, and promote GC cell apoptosis. Moreover, sanggenon C was found to decrease the level of mitochondrial membrane potential in GC cells and inhibit mitochondrial fission. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, and a series of functional analyses confirmed that sanggenon C inhibited mitochondrial fission to induce apoptosis by blocking the extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway, and constitutive activation of ERK significantly abrogated these effects. Finally, sanggenon C was found to suppress the growth of tumor xenografts in nude mice without obvious side effects to the vital organs of animals. This study reveals that sanggenon C could be a novel therapeutic strategy for GC treatment.