73 results on '"Chen, Gan"'
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2. Tuning Two-Dimensional Phthalocyanine Dual Site Metal–Organic Framework Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction.
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Wei, Lingze, Hossain, Md Delowar, Chen, Gan, Kamat, Gaurav A., Kreider, Melissa E., Chen, Junjie, Yan, Katherine, Bao, Zhenan, Bajdich, Michal, Stevens, Michaela Burke, and Jaramillo, Thomas F.
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- 2024
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3. Tuning Two-Dimensional Phthalocyanine Dual Site Metal–Organic Framework Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
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Wei, Lingze, Hossain, Md Delowar, Chen, Gan, Kamat, Gaurav A., Kreider, Melissa E., Chen, Junjie, Yan, Katherine, Bao, Zhenan, Bajdich, Michal, Stevens, Michaela Burke, and Jaramillo, Thomas F.
- Abstract
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) offer an interesting opportunity for catalysis, particularly for metal–nitrogen–carbon (M–N–C) motifs by providing an organized porous structural pattern and well-defined active sites for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), a key need for hydrogen fuel cells and related sustainable energy technologies. In this work, we leverage electrochemical testing with computational models to study the electronic and structural properties in the MOF systems and their relationship to ORR activity and stability based on dual transitional metal centers. The MOFs consist of two M1 metals with amine nodes coordinated to a single M2 metal with a phthalocyanine linker, where M1/M2 = Co, Ni, or Cu. Co-based metal centers, in particular Ni–Co, demonstrate the highest overall activity of all nine tested MOFs. Computationally, we identify the dominance of Co sites, relative higher importance of the M2 site, and the role of layer M1 interactions on the ORR activity. Selectivity measurements indicate that M1 sites of MOFs, particularly Co, exhibit the lowest (<4%), and Ni demonstrates the highest (>46%) two-electron selectivity, in good agreement with computational studies. Direct in situstability characterization, measuring dissolved metal ions, and calculations, using an alkaline stability metric, confirm that Co is the most stable metal in the MOF, while Cu exhibits notable instability at the M1. Overall, this study reveals how atomistic coupling of electronic and structural properties affects the ORR performance of dual site MOF catalysts and opens new avenues for the tunable design and future development of these systems for practical electrochemical applications.
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- 2024
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4. Construction and Improvement Path of Digital Literacy Evaluation Model for Higher Vocational Teachers Based on Deep Learning and Soft Computing
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Chen, Gan
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In view of the rapid development of information technology, the cultivation and promotion of digital literacy of higher vocational teachers has become an important issue in the field of education. The application of deep learning and soft computing technology provides strong technical support for this. This paper is to explore the construction and promotion path of digital literacy evaluation model of higher vocational teachers from the perspective of “AI+”. This study deeply analyzes the status quo of digital literacy of higher vocational teachers, and focuses on the combination and application potential of deep learning and intelligent algorithm in the evaluation model and promotion path of digital literacy of higher vocational teachers based on “AI+” perspective. This research plays an important role in promoting personalized education and cultivating talents with high-quality technical skills. Future research will further deepen relevant theories and promote the scientific, standardized and intelligent evaluation model of digital literacy of higher vocational teachers.
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- 2024
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5. Three-dimensional multi-layer carbon tube electrodes for AC line-filtering capacitors
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Chen, Gan, Han, Fangming, Lin, Dou, Zhang, Shiping, Pan, Qijun, Shao, Cheng, Wang, Zhaoming, Zhu, Xiaoguang, Meng, Guowen, and Wei, Bingqing
- Abstract
Electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) have the potential to replace aluminum electrolytic capacitors for alternating current line-filtering, aligning with the trend of device miniaturization. However, it is challenging for EDLCs to simultaneously achieve rapid ion migration, electrical response, and high areal and volumetric capacitances. Here, we demonstrate that three-dimensional, structurally integrated multi-layer carbon tube (3D-MLCT) frameworks are used as electrodes for high-performance filtering EDLCs. By simply increasing the number of tube layers, a high specific areal capacitance of 3.08 mF cm−2at 120 Hz is achieved with a phase angle of −80.1°, exhibiting excellent capacitance and fast frequency response. The outstanding performance of the 3D-MLCT is attributed to the high density, high orientation, and high integrality of carbon tube arrays that facilitate and accelerate ion distribution onto the electrode surface. The findings of this work provide a solution for developing next-generation miniaturized filter capacitors with high capacitance and fast frequency response.
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- 2024
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6. Revealing the Denoising Principle of Zero-Shot N2N-Based Algorithm from 1D Spectrum to 2D Image.
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Luo, Si-Heng, Pan, Si-Qi, Chen, Gan-Yu, Xie, Yi, Ren, Bin, Liu, Guo-Kun, and Tian, Zhong-Qun
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- 2024
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7. Revealing the Denoising Principle of Zero-Shot N2N-Based Algorithm from 1D Spectrum to 2D Image
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Luo, Si-Heng, Pan, Si-Qi, Chen, Gan-Yu, Xie, Yi, Ren, Bin, Liu, Guo-Kun, and Tian, Zhong-Qun
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Denoising is a necessary step in image analysis to extract weak signals, especially those hardly identified by the naked eye. Unlike the data-driven deep-learning denoising algorithms relying on a clean image as the reference, Noise2Noise (N2N) was able to denoise the noise image, providing sufficiently noise images with the same subject but randomly distributed noise. Further, by introducing data augmentation to create a big data set and regularization to prevent model overfitting, zero-shot N2N-based denoising was proposed in which only a single noisy image was needed. Although various N2N-based denoising algorithms have been developed with high performance, their complicated black box operation prevented the lightweight. Therefore, to reveal the working function of the zero-shot N2N-based algorithm, we proposed a lightweight Peak2Peak algorithm (P2P) and qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed its denoising behavior on the 1D spectrum and 2D image. We found that the high-performance denoising originates from the trade-off balance between the loss function and regularization in the denoising module, where regularization is the switch of denoising. Meanwhile, the signal extraction is mainly from the self-supervised characteristic learning in the data augmentation module. Further, the lightweight P2P improved the denoising speed by at least ten times but with little performance loss, compared with that of the current N2N-based algorithms. In general, the visualization of P2P provides a reference for revealing the working function of zero-shot N2N-based algorithms, which would pave the way for the application of these algorithms toward real-time (in situ, in vivo, and operando) research improving both temporal and spatial resolutions. The P2P is open-source at https://github.com/3331822w/Peak2Peakand will be accessible online access at https://ramancloud.xmu.edu.cn/tutorial.
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- 2024
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8. An AI-assistant health state evaluation method of sensing devices
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Shi, Le-Feng, Chen, Guan-Hong, and Chen, Gan-Wen
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The health states of sensing devices have a long-reaching influence on many smart application scenarios, such as smart energy and intelligent manufacturing. This paper proposes an ensemble methodology of the health-state evaluation of sensing devices, based on artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, which firstly takes into the operational characteristics, then designs a method of scenario identification to extract the typical scenarios, and subsequently puts forth a specific health-state evaluation. This method could infer the causalities of faulty devices effectively, which provides the interpretable basis for the health-state evaluation and enhances the evaluation accuracy of the health states. The suggested method has the promising potential to support the efficiently fine management of sensing devices in smart age.
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- 2024
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9. Indolo[2,3‑b]quinoxaline as a Low Reduction Potential and High Stability Anolyte Scaffold for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries.
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Zhang, Wenhao, Walser-Kuntz, Ryan, Tracy, Jacob S., Schramm, Tim K., Shee, James, Head-Gordon, Martin, Chen, Gan, Helms, Brett A., Sanford, Melanie S., and Toste, F. Dean
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- 2023
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10. Effects of Transition Metals on Metal–Octaaminophthalocyanine-Based 2D Metal–Organic Frameworks.
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Chen, Gan, Li, Zongqi, Huang, Zhehao, Lu, Haolin, Long, Guankui, Lezama Pacheco, Juan S., Tok, Jeffrey B.-H., Gao, Theodore Z., Lei, Yusheng, Zhou, Jiayun, and Bao, Zhenan
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- 2023
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11. Characterization of the Pure Black Tea Wine Fermentation Process by Electronic Nose and Tongue-Based Techniques with Nutritional Characteristics.
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Chen, Jing, Lin, Bo, Zheng, Feng-Jin, Fang, Xiao-Chun, Ren, Er-Fang, Wu, Fei-Fei, Verma, Krishan K., and Chen, Gan-Lin
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- 2023
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12. DFT study on effects of WO3and MoO3doping on SO2oxidation over V2O5/TiO2(001) SCR catalysts
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Fu, Yabo, Prakash, Kolla Bhanu, Yuan, Yifan, Guan, Zhenzhen, Qiao, Yuheng, Zhang, Mengyan, Chen, Gan, and Zhou, Shifeng
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- 2023
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13. Enhancing electrochemical energy storage capacity and rate performance of the anode with a 3D interconnected carbon tube-NiO-SnO2composite scaffold
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Zhang, Shiping, Han, Fangming, Pan, Qijun, Lin, Dou, Chen, Gan, Mu, Xiaowei, Zhu, Xiaoguang, Shao, Cheng, Wu, Nianqiang, and Meng, Guowen
- Abstract
Tin dioxide (SnO2) possesses great potential as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its high theoretical specific capacity. However, the irreversible conversion of Sn to SnO2and enormous volume variation during the charge/discharge process limit the battery energy storage performance. In this study, ultrafine NiO and SnO2nanoparticles (NPs) decorated on a three-dimensionally (3D) interconnected and structurally integrated carbon tube (CT) scaffold (NiO/SnO2-NPs@3D-CT) is developed as an anode, eliminating any inactive component in the electrode. The NiO not only contributes to the capacity but also undergoes reduction to Ni during the lithiation process, which catalyzes Li2O decomposition and facilitates the reversible conversion of Sn to SnO2. Additionally, the open space of the 3D scaffold can host a large number of NiO/SnO2NPs and results in a short diffusion distance of Li+between the electrolyte and the Li+host. The interconnected 3D-CT network serves as a fast electron transport channel. Consequently, the unique structure endows the anode with high Li-ion storage capacity (928.5 mA h g−1at a current density of 1 A g−1after 200 cycles) and superior high-rate performance; for instance, a reversible capacity of 633.5 mA h g−1can be achieved even at a current density of 4 A g−1. We believe that the unique, integrated 3D structure holds great promise as an anode for LIBs and that its applications can be further extended to other fields.
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- 2023
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14. Formation Mechanism of Flower-like Polyacrylonitrile Particles.
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Gong, Huaxin, Ilavsky, Jan, Kuzmenko, Ivan, Chen, Shucheng, Yan, Hongping, Cooper, Christopher B., Chen, Gan, Chen, Yuelang, Chiong, Jerika A., Jiang, Yuanwen, Lai, Jian-cheng, Zheng, Yu, Stone, Kevin H., Huelsenbeck, Luke, Giri, Gaurav, Tok, Jeffrey B.-H., and Bao, Zhenan
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- 2022
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15. Development of a variant of dinutuximab with enhanced antitumor efficacy and reduced induction of neuropathic pain.
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Liu, Xin‐Yuan, Chen, Yi‐Li, Liu, Guo‐Jian, Deng, Xiang‐Nan, Cui, Yue, Tan, Jie, Dong, Xing‐Chen, Li, Hua‐Ying, Chen, Gan‐Jun, Ou, Zhi‐Min, and Wang, Chun‐He
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NEURALGIA ,MONOCLONAL antibodies ,IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY - Abstract
Dinutuximab (ch14.18) was the first approved monoclonal antibody against the tumor‐associated antigen disialoganglioside GD2. Despite its success in treating neuroblastoma (NB), it triggers a significant amount of neuropathic pain in patients, possibly through complement‐dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). We hypothesized that modifying ch14.18 using antibody engineering techniques, such as humanization, affinity maturation, and Fc engineering, may enable the development of next‐generation GD2‐specific antibodies with reduced neuropathic pain and enhanced antitumor activity. In this study we developed the H3‐16 IgG1m4 antibody from ch14.18 IgG1. H3‐16 IgG1m4 exhibited enhanced binding activity to GD2 molecules and GD2‐positive cell lines as revealed by ELISA, and its cross‐binding activity to other gangliosides was not altered. The CDC activity of H3‐16 IgG1m4 was decreased, and the antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity was enhanced. The pain response after H3‐16 IgG1m4 antibody administration was also reduced, as demonstrated using the von Frey test in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. In summary, H3‐16 IgG1m4 may have potential as a monoclonal antibody with reduced side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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16. Review on related technologies of fruit grading detection
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Zhu, Ligu, Chen, Gan, Chen, Beiwen, and Gan, Yanfen
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- 2022
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17. NGF monoclonal antibody DS002 alleviates chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in rats
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Liang, Zhi-juan, Tan, Jie, Tang, Lei, Xie, Zuo-bin, Chen, Gan-jun, Liu, Guo-jian, Yuan, Lin, Wang, Kai-xin, Ding, Hua-ping, Qiu, Hong, Wang, Qi, Wang, Gui-feng, Chen, Yi-li, and Wang, Chun-he
- Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the pervasive side effects of chemotherapy, leading to poor quality of life in cancer patients. Discovery of powerful analgesics for CIPN is an urgent and substantial clinical need. Nerve growth factor (NGF), a classic neurotrophic factor, has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for pain. In this study, we generated a humanized NGF monoclonal antibody (DS002) that most effectively blocked the interaction between NGF and tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA). We showed that DS002 blocked NGF binding to TrkA in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50value of 6.6 nM; DS002 dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of TF-1 cells by blocking the TrkA-mediated downstream signaling pathway. Furthermore, DS002 did not display noticeable species differences in its binding and blocking abilities. In three chemotherapy-induced rat models of CIPN, subcutaneous injection of DS002 produced a significant prophylactic effect against paclitaxel-, cisplatin- and vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that an NGF inhibitor effectively alleviates pain in animal models of CIPN. DS002 has the potential to treat CIPN pain in the clinic.
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- 2022
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18. Neobractatin induces pyroptosis of esophageal cancer cells by TOM20/BAX signaling pathway.
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Li, Zhuo, Bao, Ziyi, Tan, Jiaqi, Chen, Gan, Ye, Bingying, Zhao, Juan, Zhang, Li, and Xu, Hongxi
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Emerging evidence suggests that pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, has been implicated in cancer progression. The involvement of specific proteins in pyroptosis is an area of growing interest. TOM20, an outer mitochondrial membrane protein, has recently garnered attention for its potential role in pyroptosis. Our previous study found that NBT could induce pyroptosis by ROS/JNK pathway in esophageal cancer cells. This study aims to investigate whether NBT induces pyroptosis and verify whether such effects are involved in up-regulation of TOM20 in esophageal cancer cells. The University of ALabama at Birmingham CANcer data analysis Portal (UALCAN) was used to analyze the clinical significance of GSDME in esophageal cancer. MTT assay, morphological observation and Western blot were performed to verify the roles of TOM20 and BAX in NBT-induced pyroptosis after CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout. Immunofluorescence was used to determine the subcellular locations of BAX and cytochrome c. MitoSOX Red was employed to assess the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. KYSE450 and TOM20 knockout KYSE450-/- xenograft models were established to elucidate the mechanisms involved in NBT-induced cell death. In this study, NBT effectively upregulated the expression of TOM20 and facilitated the translocation of BAX to mitochondria, which promoted the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to the cytoplasm, leading to the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and finally induced pyroptosis. Knocking out TOM20 by CRISPR-Cas9 significantly inhibited the expression of BAX and the downstream BAX/caspase-3/GSDME pathway, which attenuated NBT-induced pyroptosis. The elevated mitochondrial ROS level was observed after NBT treatment. Remarkably, the inhibition of ROS by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) effectively suppressed the activation of TOM20/BAX pathway. Moreover, in vivo experiments demonstrated that NBT exhibited potent antitumor effects in both KYSE450 and TOM20 knockout KYSE450-/- xenograft models. Notably, the attenuated antitumor effects and reduced cleavage of GSDME were observed in the TOM20 knockout model. These findings reveal that NBT induces pyroptosis through ROS/TOM20/BAX/GSDME pathway, which highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting TOM20 and GSDME, providing promising prospects for the development of innovative and effective treatment approaches for esophageal cancer. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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19. Multiuser downlink communication for MIMO-VLC system using spatial modulation and optical orthogonal codes.
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Wu, Wei-Chiang and Chen, Gan-Lin
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ORTHOGONAL codes ,TELECOMMUNICATION systems ,MULTIUSER computer systems ,OPTICAL modulation ,SPATIAL systems ,SYMBOL error rate ,LED displays - Abstract
In this paper, a novel multiuser spatial modulation (SM) scheme is proposed and applied in downlink multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) visible light communication (VLC) system. In the transmitter side, each user's temporal symbol is first modulated onto user specific optical orthogonal code (OOC), then being emitted by the specific LED that is activated by its spatial symbol. At the front end of each user terminal (UT), array of photodetectors (PDs) convert optical into electrical signal, then chip-level detection scheme is employed to eliminate multiuser interference (MUI). Two computationally attractive detection algorithms are then proposed: Maximum likelihood (ML) algorithm premises on jointly estimating both temporal and spatial symbols. While the two-stages algorithm first identifies the index of the activated LED followed by a M -ary PAM demodulator to extract the desired user's spatial and temporal symbols sequentially. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations are undertaken to evaluate system performance in terms of the overall symbol error rate (SER). It is demonstrated that the chip-level detection scheme can effectively alleviate MUI and both ML and the two-stages detection algorithms work reliably in various scenarios. Hence, it is promising to apply the proposed scheme in multiuser MIMO-VLC system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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20. Formation Mechanism of Flower-like Polyacrylonitrile Particles
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Gong, Huaxin, Ilavsky, Jan, Kuzmenko, Ivan, Chen, Shucheng, Yan, Hongping, Cooper, Christopher B., Chen, Gan, Chen, Yuelang, Chiong, Jerika A., Jiang, Yuanwen, Lai, Jian-cheng, Zheng, Yu, Stone, Kevin H., Huelsenbeck, Luke, Giri, Gaurav, Tok, Jeffrey B.-H., and Bao, Zhenan
- Abstract
Flower-like polyacrylonitrile (PAN) particles have shown promising performance for numerous applications, including sensors, catalysis, and energy storage. However, the detailed formation process of these unique structures during polymerization has not been investigated. Here, we elucidate the formation process of flower-like PAN particles through a series of in situ and ex situ experiments. We have the following key findings. First, lamellar petals within the flower-like particles were predominantly orthorhombic PAN crystals. Second, branching of the lamellae during the particle formation arose from PAN’s fast nucleation and growth on pre-existing PAN crystals, which was driven by the poor solubility of PAN in the reaction solvent. Third, the particles were formed to maintain a constant center-to-center distance during the reaction. The separation distance was attributed to strong electrostatic repulsion, which resulted in the final particles’ spherical shape and uniform size. Lastly, we employed the understanding of the formation mechanism to tune the PAN particles’ morphology using several experimental parameters including incorporating comonomers, changing temperature, adding nucleation seeds, and adjusting the monomer concentration. These findings provide important insights into the bottom-up design of advanced nanostructured PAN-based materials and controlled polymer nanostructure self-assemblies.
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- 2022
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21. A tissue-like neurotransmitter sensor for the brain and gut
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Li, Jinxing, Liu, Yuxin, Yuan, Lei, Zhang, Baibing, Bishop, Estelle Spear, Wang, Kecheng, Tang, Jing, Zheng, Yu-Qing, Xu, Wenhui, Niu, Simiao, Beker, Levent, Li, Thomas L., Chen, Gan, Diyaolu, Modupeola, Thomas, Anne-Laure, Mottini, Vittorio, Tok, Jeffrey B.-H., Dunn, James C. Y., Cui, Bianxiao, Pașca, Sergiu P., Cui, Yi, Habtezion, Aida, Chen, Xiaoke, and Bao, Zhenan
- Abstract
Neurotransmitters play essential roles in regulating neural circuit dynamics both in the central nervous system as well as at the peripheral, including the gastrointestinal tract1–3. Their real-time monitoring will offer critical information for understanding neural function and diagnosing disease1–3. However, bioelectronic tools to monitor the dynamics of neurotransmitters in vivo, especially in the enteric nervous systems, are underdeveloped. This is mainly owing to the limited availability of biosensing tools that are capable of examining soft, complex and actively moving organs. Here we introduce a tissue-mimicking, stretchable, neurochemical biological interface termed NeuroString, which is prepared by laser patterning of a metal-complexed polyimide into an interconnected graphene/nanoparticle network embedded in an elastomer. NeuroString sensors allow chronic in vivo real-time, multichannel and multiplexed monoamine sensing in the brain of behaving mouse, as well as measuring serotonin dynamics in the gut without undesired stimulations and perturbing peristaltic movements. The described elastic and conformable biosensing interface has broad potential for studying the impact of neurotransmitters on gut microbes, brain–gut communication and may ultimately be extended to biomolecular sensing in other soft organs across the body.
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- 2022
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22. High Density 3D Carbon Tube Nanoarray Electrode Boosting the Capacitance of Filter Capacitor
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Chen, Gan, Han, Fangming, Ma, Huachun, Li, Pei, Zhou, Ziyan, Wang, Pengxiang, Li, Xiaoyan, Meng, Guowen, and Wei, Bingqing
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A novel method is developed for precise control over the structure of 3D anodic aluminum oxide templates, enabling fine-tuning of both the vertical pore diameter and interspace within the templates.3D carbon tube nanoarrays featuring significantly thinner and denser tubes are constructed as high-quality electrodes for miniaturized filter capacitors.The 3D compactly arranged carbon tube-based capacitor achieves a remarkable specific areal capacitance of 3.23 mF cm−2with a phase angle of − 80.2° at 120 Hz.
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- 2024
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23. Semiconductor Nanoplatelets as Ultra-Bright Fluorophores for Two-Photon Absorption Cell Imaging
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Chen, Gan, Halim, Henry, Yan, Huijie, Zhou, Yaofeng, Zhu, Dingcheng, Parak, Wolfgang J., Riedinger, Andreas, and Feliu, Neus
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The development of new two-photon fluorescent probes is desirable for imaging in biosystems. Semiconductor CdSe nanoplatelets are promising candidates for this purpose due to their large absorption cross sections, extremely narrow photoluminescence emission, and high spectral brightness. Herein, we obtained water dispersible nanoplatelets (poly-NPLs) and explored their potential for intracellular imaging using commercially available Qdot 655 CdSe-based quantum dots as a control. Comparison was carried out for one- and two-photon imaging. The emission of poly-NPLs was found to be consistently higher than the one of Qdot 655 at equal particle concentrations as well as at equal cadmium concentrations for both one-photon and two-photon excitations. In particular, poly-NPLs can show up to 3 orders of magnitude higher fluorescence brightness compared to Qdot 655 when excited with two-photons, which makes them interesting candidates for multiphoton imaging and single molecule detection applications.
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- 2022
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24. High-brightness all-polymer stretchable LED with charge-trapping dilution
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Zhang, Zhitao, Wang, Weichen, Jiang, Yuanwen, Wang, Yi-Xuan, Wu, Yilei, Lai, Jian-Cheng, Niu, Simiao, Xu, Chengyi, Shih, Chien-Chung, Wang, Cheng, Yan, Hongping, Galuska, Luke, Prine, Nathaniel, Wu, Hung-Chin, Zhong, Donglai, Chen, Gan, Matsuhisa, Naoji, Zheng, Yu, Yu, Zhiao, Wang, Yang, Dauskardt, Reinhold, Gu, Xiaodan, Tok, Jeffrey B.-H., and Bao, Zhenan
- Abstract
Next-generation light-emitting displays on skin should be soft, stretchable and bright1–7. Previously reported stretchable light-emitting devices were mostly based on inorganic nanomaterials, such as light-emitting capacitors, quantum dots or perovskites6–11. They either require high operating voltage or have limited stretchability and brightness, resolution or robustness under strain. On the other hand, intrinsically stretchable polymer materials hold the promise of good strain tolerance12,13. However, realizing high brightness remains a grand challenge for intrinsically stretchable light-emitting diodes. Here we report a material design strategy and fabrication processes to achieve stretchable all-polymer-based light-emitting diodes with high brightness (about 7,450 candela per square metre), current efficiency (about 5.3 candela per ampere) and stretchability (about 100 per cent strain). We fabricate stretchable all-polymer light-emitting diodes coloured red, green and blue, achieving both on-skin wireless powering and real-time displaying of pulse signals. This work signifies a considerable advancement towards high-performance stretchable displays.
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- 2022
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25. Structural Revision of Guttiferone F and 30- -Cambogin.
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Zheng, Dan, Jiang, Jia-Ming, Chen, Si-Min, Wan, Shi-Jie, Ren, Han-Gui, Chen, Gan, Xu, Gang, Zhou, Hua, Zhang, Hong, and Xu, Hong-Xi
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- 2021
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26. Effects of jellyfish and black seabream releasing on marine ecosystems: A mass balance approach for the coastal area of southern Zhejiang, China.
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Han, Dongyan, Kindong, Richard, Wang, Wen, Gao, Chunxia, Xu, Wen, Chen, Gan, Tian, Siquan, and Liu, Weicheng
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JELLYFISHES ,NUMBERS of species ,DREDGING (Fisheries) ,FOOD chains ,FUNCTIONAL groups ,ECOSYSTEMS ,MARINE ecology - Abstract
This study evaluated the potential effect of stock enhancement on a coastal ecosystem. Based on data collected from the 2020 bottom trawl survey and literature information, an Ecopath model was constructed containing 19 functional groups representing the coastal area of southern Zhejiang, China. Jellyfish (Rhopilema esculenta) and black seabream Acanthopagrus schlegelii were selected as target-enhancing species based on their extensive juvenile release records. The maximum carrying capacity of these two species was estimated by static Ecopath and the potential ecological effects of enhancement activity for these two species were evaluated by the Ecosim routine. The trophic level (TL) of the functional groups in the coastal area of southern Zhejiang ecosystem ranged from 1 (primary producers) to 4.56 (sharks). The mean transfer efficiency of the coastal area ecosystem of southern Zhejiang was 8.71%, in which the relatively low transfer efficiency from TL2 to 3 was considered the main bottleneck that limited the biomass of higher TL species in this ecosystem. System characteristics indicated that the coastal area ecosystem of southern Zhejiang was vulnerable to disturbances and had low recovery ability. Enhancement simulation results indicated that the enhancement of jellyfish and black seabream had a partial impact on the functional groups of the ecosystem. Both jellyfish and black seabream enhancements adversely affected most groups of fish, cephalopods, and crabs, while jellyfish release stimulated the biomass of crabs. Ultimately, the present study indicates that the enhancement of black seabream decreased the total fish biomass via complex trophic interactions in the food web. Additionally, this study shows that recapture rates might not be sufficient to evaluate the net effect of stock enhancement, and therefore highlight the importance of ecosystem-based assessments for stock enhancement. [Display omitted] • Ecosystem-level effects of different stock enhancement strategies were analyzed. • An ecosystem model represents the southern Zhejiang coastal area, China, was constructed. • The enhancement of Jellyfish and Black seabream had partial impacts on the functional groups of this ecosystem. • Recapture rates might not be sufficient to evaluate the effect of stock enhancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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27. High Energy Density Shape Memory Polymers Using Strain-Induced Supramolecular Nanostructures
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Cooper, Christopher B., Nikzad, Shayla, Yan, Hongping, Ochiai, Yuto, Lai, Jian-Cheng, Yu, Zhiao, Chen, Gan, Kang, Jiheong, and Bao, Zhenan
- Abstract
Shape memory polymers are promising materials in many emerging applications due to their large extensibility and excellent shape recovery. However, practical application of these polymers is limited by their poor energy densities (up to ∼1 MJ/m3). Here, we report an approach to achieve a high energy density, one-way shape memory polymer based on the formation of strain-induced supramolecular nanostructures. As polymer chains align during strain, strong directional dynamic bonds form, creating stable supramolecular nanostructures and trapping stretched chains in a highly elongated state. Upon heating, the dynamic bonds break, and stretched chains contract to their initial disordered state. This mechanism stores large amounts of entropic energy (as high as 19.6 MJ/m3or 17.9 J/g), almost six times higher than the best previously reported shape memory polymers while maintaining near 100% shape recovery and fixity. The reported phenomenon of strain-induced supramolecular structures offers a new approach toward achieving high energy density shape memory polymers.
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- 2021
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28. Predication of Photosynthetic Leaf Gas Exchange of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp) Leaves in Response to Leaf Positions to Foliar Spray of Potassium Salt of Active Phosphorus under Limited Water Irrigation.
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Verma, Krishan K., Song, Xiu-Peng, Verma, Chhedi Lal, Malviya, Mukesh Kumar, Guo, Dao-Jun, Rajput, Vishnu D., Sharma, Anjney, Wei, Kai-Jun, Chen, Gan-Lin, Solomon, Sushil, and Li, Yang-Rui
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- 2021
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29. A Design Strategy for Intrinsically Stretchable High-Performance Polymer Semiconductors: Incorporating Conjugated Rigid Fused-Rings with Bulky Side Groups
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Liu, Deyu, Mun, Jaewan, Chen, Gan, Schuster, Nathaniel J., Wang, Weichen, Zheng, Yu, Nikzad, Shayla, Lai, Jian-Cheng, Wu, Yilei, Zhong, Donglai, Lin, Yangju, Lei, Yusheng, Chen, Yuelang, Gam, Sangah, Chung, Jong Won, Yun, Youngjun, Tok, Jeffrey B.-H., and Bao, Zhenan
- Abstract
Strategies to improve stretchability of polymer semiconductors, such as introducing flexible conjugation-breakers or adding flexible blocks, usually result in degraded electrical properties. In this work, we propose a concept to address this limitation, by introducing conjugated rigid fused-rings with optimized bulky side groups and maintaining a conjugated polymer backbone. Specifically, we investigated two classes of rigid fused-ring systems, namely, benzene-substituted dibenzothiopheno[6,5-b:6′,5′-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (Ph-DBTTT) and indacenodithiophene (IDT) systems, and identified molecules displaying optimized electrical and mechanical properties. In the IDT system, the polymer PIDT-3T-OC12-10% showed promising electrical and mechanical properties. In fully stretchable transistors, the polymer PIDT-3T-OC12-10% showed a mobility of 0.27 cm2V–1s–1at 75% strain and maintained its mobility after being subjected to hundreds of stretching–releasing cycles at 25% strain. Our results underscore the intimate correlation between chemical structures, mechanical properties, and charge carrier mobility for polymer semiconductors. Our described molecular design approach will help to expedite the next generation of intrinsically stretchable high-performance polymer semiconductors.
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- 2021
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30. High Thermopower in a Zn-Based 3D Semiconductive Metal–Organic Framework.
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Park, Jihye, Hinckley, Allison C., Huang, Zhehao, Chen, Gan, Yakovenko, Andrey A., Zou, Xiaodong, and Bao, Zhenan
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- 2020
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31. Improving SERS Sensitivity toward Trace Sulfonamides: The Key Role of Trade-Off Interfacial Interactions among the Target Molecules, Anions, and Cations on the SERS Active Surface
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Zhou, Zhi-ming, Zheng, Hong, Liu, Tao, Xie, Ze-zhong, Luo, Si-heng, Chen, Gan-yu, Tian, Zhong-qun, and Liu, Guo-kun
- Abstract
In recent years, ensuring the rational use and effective control of antibiotics has been a major focus in the eco-environment, which requires an effective monitoring method. However, on-site rapid detection of antibiotics in water environments remains a challenging issue. In this study, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used to systematically achieve selective, rapid, and highly sensitive detection of sulfonamides, based on their fingerprint characteristics. The results show that the trade-off between the competitive and coadsorption behaviors of target molecules and agglomerates (inorganic salts) on the surface of the SERS substrate determines whether the molecules can be detected with high sensitivity. Based on this, the qualitative differentiation and quantitative detection of three structurally similar antibiotics, sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethazine, were achieved, with the lowest detectable concentration being 1 μg/L for sulfadiazine and 50 μg/L for sulfamerazine and sulfamethazine.
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- 2021
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32. Developing a Peak Extraction and Retention (PEER) Algorithm for Improving the Temporal Resolution of Raman Spectroscopy
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Luo, Si-heng, Wang, Xin, Chen, Gan-yu, Xie, Yi, Zhang, Wen-han, Zhou, Zhi-fan, Zhang, Zhi-min, Ren, Bin, Liu, Guo-kun, and Tian, Zhong-qun
- Abstract
In spectroscopic analysis, push-to-the-limit sensitivity is one of the important topics, particularly when facing the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the trace target. Normally, the effective recognition and extraction of weak signals are the first key steps, for which there has been considerable effort in developing various denoising algorithms for decades. Nevertheless, the lower the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the greater the deviation of the peak height and shape during the denoising process. Therefore, we propose a denoising algorithm along with peak extraction and retention (PEER). First, both the first and second derivatives of the Raman spectrum are used to determine Raman peaks with a high SNR whose peak information is kept away from the denoising process. Second, an optimized window smoothing algorithm is applied to the left part of the Raman spectrum, which is combined with the untreated Raman peaks to obtain the denoised Raman spectrum. The PEER algorithm is demonstrated with much better signal extraction and retention and successfully improves the temporal resolution of Raman imaging of a living cell by at least 1 order of magnitude higher than those by traditional algorithms.
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- 2021
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33. Matrix stiffening induces endothelial dysfunction via the TRPV4/microRNA-6740/endothelin-1 mechanotransduction pathway.
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Song, Xiang, Sun, Zhenwei, Chen, Gan, Shang, Pan, You, Guoxing, Zhao, Jingxiang, Liu, Sisi, Han, Dong, and Zhou, Hong
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ENDOTHELIUM diseases ,ENDOTHELIN receptors ,PATHOLOGY ,CALCIUM channels ,ASYMMETRIC dimethylarginine ,UMBILICAL veins ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,NITRIC-oxide synthases - Abstract
Vascular stiffening is associated with the prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Endothelial dysfunction, as shown by reduced vasodilation and increased vasoconstriction, not only affects vascular tone, but also accelerates the progression of CVD. However, the precise effect of vascular stiffening on endothelial function and its mechanism is unclear and a possible underlying has not been determined. In this study, we found that increasing substrate stiffness promoted endothelin-1 (ET-1) expression and inhibited endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Additionally, miR-6740-5p was identified as a stiffness-sensitive microRNA, which was downregulated by a stiff substrate, resulting in increased ET-1 expression. Furthermore, we found that substrate stiffening reduced the expression and activity of the calcium channel TRPV4, which subsequently enhanced ET-1 expression by inhibiting miR-6740-5p. Finally, analysis of clinical plasma samples showed that plasma miR-6740-5p levels in patients with carotid atherosclerosis were significantly lower than those in healthy people. Taken together, our findings show a novel mechanically regulated TRPV4/miR-6740/ET-1 signaling axis by which substrate stiffness affects endothelial function. Our findings indicate that vascular stiffening induces endothelial dysfunction, thereby accelerating progression of CVD. Furthermore, this study indicates that endothelial dysfunction induced by improper biophysical cues from cardiovascular implants may be an important reason for complications arising from the use of cardiovascular implants. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The incidence of cardiovascular disease is accompanied by increased vascular stiffness. Our work indicated that increased vascular stiffness accelerates the development of cardiovascular disease by inducing endothelial dysfunction, which is a key contributor to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. In addition, we identified a novel underlying molecular pathophysiological mechanism by which increased stiffness induce endothelial dysfunction. Our work could help determine the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease induced by biomechanical factors. Image, graphical abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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34. Valence-Dependent Electrical Conductivity in a 3D Tetrahydroxyquinone-Based Metal–Organic Framework
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Chen, Gan, Gee, Leland B., Xu, Wenqian, Zhu, Yanbing, Lezama-Pacheco, Juan S., Huang, Zhehao, Li, Zongqi, Babicz, Jeffrey T., Choudhury, Snehashis, Chang, Ting-Hsiang, Reed, Evan, Solomon, Edward I., and Bao, Zhenan
- Abstract
Electrically conductive metal–organic frameworks (cMOFs) have become a topic of intense interest in recent years because of their great potential in electrochemical energy storage, electrocatalysis, and sensing applications. Most of the cMOFs reported hitherto are 2D structures, and 3D cMOFs remain rare. Herein we report FeTHQ, a 3D cMOF synthesized from tetrahydroxy-1,4-quinone (THQ) and iron(II) sulfate salt. FeTHQ exhibited a conductivity of 3.3 ± 0.55 mS cm–1at 300 K, which is high for 3D cMOFs. The conductivity of FeTHQ is valence-dependent. A higher conductivity was measured with the as-prepared FeTHQ than with the air-oxidized and sodium naphthalenide-reduced samples.
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- 2020
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35. High Thermopower in a Zn-Based 3D Semiconductive Metal–Organic Framework
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Park, Jihye, Hinckley, Allison C., Huang, Zhehao, Chen, Gan, Yakovenko, Andrey A., Zou, Xiaodong, and Bao, Zhenan
- Abstract
Conductive metal–organic frameworks (c-MOFs) have drawn increasing attention for their outstanding performance in energy-related applications. However, the majority of reported c-MOFs are based on 2D structures. Synthetic strategies for 3D c-MOFs are under-explored, leaving unrealized functionality in both their structures and properties. Herein we report Zn-HAB, a 3D c-MOF comprised of hexaaminobenzene and Zn(II). Zn-HAB is shown to have microporosity with a band gap of approximately 1.68 eV, resulting in a moderate conductivity of 0.86 mS cm–1and a high Seebeck coefficient of 200 μV K–1at 300 K. The power factor of 3.44 nW m–1K–2constitutes the first report of the thermoelectric properties of an intrinsically conductive 3D MOF.
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- 2020
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36. Percutaneous leverage reduction with two Kirschner wires combined with the Métaizeau technique versus open reduction plus internal fixation with a single Kirschner-wire for treating Judet IV radial neck fractures in children
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Du, Xiangping, Yu, Lirong, Xiong, Zhigang, Chen, Gan, Zou, Jun, Wu, Xinle, Xiong, Bin, and Wang, Baoli
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Objective To compare the clinical effectiveness of a novel approach, percutaneous leverage reduction using two Kirschner-wires (k-wires) combined with the Métaizeau technique, versus open reduction plus internal fixation with k-wire for the treatment of Judet IV radial neck fractures in children.Methods Thirty-four patients with Judet IV radial neck fractures were treated either with percutaneous leverage reduction using two k-wires and the Métaizeau technique (n = 16) or open reduction plus internal fixation with k-wire (n = 18). Patient data including sex, age, time from trauma to surgery, fracture type, follow up, postoperative healing time, X-ray studies, elbow function, and complications were collected.Results There were no significant differences in patient characteristics between the two treatment groups. In postoperative elbow function assessment, 93.8% of patients in the group that underwent the novel treatment approach had a score of excellent or good, compared with 83.3% of patients in the open reduction and internal fixation with k-wire group. Furthermore, no postoperative complications were reported in patients in the novel treatment group, compared with 5 patients in the open reduction and internal fixation with k-wire group. All patients in both groups were classified as excellent or good according to Métaizeau criteria in postoperative X-ray assessment.Conclusions Compared with the open reduction and internal fixation with k-wire approach, percutaneous leverage reduction using two k-wires combined with the Métaizeau technique can significantly increase the minimally invasive reduction rate, and represents an attractive strategy for the treatment of Judet IV radial neck fractures in children.
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- 2019
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37. Aggregation-Induced Dual Emission and Unusual Luminescence beyond Excimer Emission of Poly(ethylene terephthalate).
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Chen, Xiaohong, He, Zihan, Kausar, Fahmeeda, Chen, Gan, Zhang, Yongming, and Yuan, Wang Zhang
- Published
- 2018
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38. Transfusion of cryopreserved platelets exacerbates inflammatory liver and lung injury in a mice model of hemorrhage.
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Zhao, Jingxiang, Sun, Zhenwei, You, Guoxing, Wang, Ying, Chen, Gan, Zhao, Lian, and Zhou, Hong
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- 2018
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39. Polymorphism dependent triplet-involved emissions of a pure organic luminogen
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He, Zihan, Li, Wenbo, Chen, Gan, Zhang, Yongming, and Yuan, Wang-Zhang
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Fine tuning of the triplet-involved emission is realized in a pure organic polymorphic compound through the changes of conformation and vibration.
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- 2019
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40. Aggregation-Induced Dual Emission and Unusual Luminescence beyond Excimer Emission of Poly(ethylene terephthalate)
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Chen, Xiaohong, He, Zihan, Kausar, Fahmeeda, Chen, Gan, Zhang, Yongming, and Yuan, Wang Zhang
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Pure organic luminogens with fluorescence–room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) dual emission have significant fundamental importance and promising applications. So far, most dual emissive materials, however, are molecular compounds; polymers still remain rare. Herein, we revisited the emission of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), which is weakly luminescent in dilute solutions but becomes highly emissive in concentrated solutions and solids, demonstrating concentration-enhanced and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics. Furthermore, the efficiency of the films is enhanced with increasing crystallinity, accompanying the presence of RTP. Such crystallization-enhanced dual emission is understandable taking account of conformation rigidification. Moreover, despite there is merely a single phenyl ring, emission maxima at around 400, 450, and 480 nm are observed in concentrated solutions and highly crystalline films, which cannot be simply ascribed to RTP but can well be rationalized by the clustering-triggered emission (CTE) mechanism. Namely, the clustering of terephthalate units results in efficient through-space electronic communications, thus generating extended delocalization beyond those of dimers. This study not only unveils new features of the PET emission, which may enlighten emerging applications, but also provide new insights into the construction of novel luminogens free of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
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- 2018
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41. Gain Scheduling Controller Synthesis for Control Moment Gyroscope Using Improved Approximation
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Inaba, Toru, Chen, Gan, and Takami, Isao
- Abstract
This paper presents gain scheduling (GS) control of a variable speed control moment gyroscope (VSCMG) based on sum of squares (SOS). Nonlinear motion equations of the VSCMG are complicated because they contain many trigonometric functions of angles of gimbals. The dynamics varies depending on the angles of the gimbals. In this study, the difficulty of control design of the VSCMG is solved by two methods. First, the complicated nonlinear model is transformed to the linear parameter varying model, such that the linear control method can be applied, to make control design easy by using a proposed approximation method. The sine function and the cosine function are generally approximated by the first-order Taylor series expansion in ordinary controller synthesis. The model obtained by the first-order Taylor series expansion ignores the nonlinear dynamics. But, in this study, those nonlinear functions are highly accurately approximated by using the proposed approximation method. The proposed approximation method is based on a high-order Taylor series expansion and a high-order Padé approximation. By using redundant representations, the synthesis condition can be reduced to polynomially parameter-dependent linear matrix inequalities (PDLMIs). Second, GS controller whose gains depend on the angles is applied. The polynomially PDLMIs can be relaxed to finite design conditions based on matrix SOS polynomials. The GS controller is designed by solving the finite SOS conditions. By using those methods, GS controller depending on the nonlinearities is designed. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is illustrated by simulations and experiments.
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- 2018
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42. Effects of Plasma-lyte A, lactated Ringer's, and normal saline on acid-base status and intestine injury in the initial treatment of hemorrhagic shock.
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Wang, Ying, Guo, Wei, Gao, Dawei, You, Guoxing, Wang, Bo, Chen, Gan, Zhao, Lian, Zhao, Jingxiang, and Zhou, Hong
- Abstract
Background: Several kinds of crystalloid solutions have been used in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock (HS). Clinicians are faced with how to select the resuscitation fluids. The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of 3 crystalloid solutions, such as normal saline (NS), lactated Ringer's (LR), and Plasma-lyte A (PA), on acid-base status and intestine injury in rats subjected to HS.Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. The sham group had no blood withdrawal. The other groups were subjected to severe HS and then injected with NS, LR, or PA. All treatments were followed with an infusion of red blood cell suspension. The mean arterial pressure was monitored throughout the experiment. The arterial blood gas, malonaldehyde, and myeloperoxidase levels in the small intestine were assayed 120 minutes after resuscitation.Results: Plasma-lyte A treatment could restore the pH, base excess (BE), HCO3-, Pao2, and Paco2. Comparing with sham group, NS failed to correct the decreased pH, BE, and HCO3- (P < .05), whereas LR treatment showed the decreased BE and HCO3- (P < .05) and increased Pao2 (P < .05). There were no significant differences in malonaldehyde among the 4 groups (P > .05). Both PA and LR were more effective than NS in decreasing the myeloperoxidase level in the small intestine (P < .01).Conclusions: Although the 3 crystalloid solutions play different roles, PA is better at correcting the acid-base balance and improving intestine injury during HS than NS and LR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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43. Kinematics of Late Quaternary Slip Along the Qishan‐Mazhao Fault: Implications for Tectonic Deformation on the Southwestern Ordos, China
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Li, Xinnan, Zhang, Peizhen, Zheng, Wenjun, Feng, Xijie, Li, Chuanyou, Pierce, Ian K. D., Xu, Hongyan, Li, Xiaoni, Ai, Ming, Chen, Gan, Dong, Jinyuan, Liu, Jinrui, and Ren, Guangxue
- Abstract
The northwest striking Qishan‐Mazhao fault (QMF) accommodates complex deformation in the Tibet‐Ordos transition zone. We studied the geologic and geomorphic expression of the QMF using interpretations of high‐resolution satellite images and structure‐from‐motion models combined with detailed field investigations. Displaced loess tablelands, stream channels, and fluvial terraces show that the QMF is predominately a left‐lateral strike‐slip fault with a minor normal component. The magnetic susceptibility and optically stimulated luminescence ages of offset fluvial terraces yield left‐lateral slip rates ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 mm/year. Regionally, the QMF and the Haiyuan fault (HYF) form a large right step, in which the Liupanshan Mountains are located. The QMF shares a similar orientation and sense of motion to the HYF, suggesting that the left‐lateral slip of the HYF is not completely absorbed as crustal shortening across the Liupanshan Mountains but is partially transferred to slip along the QMF. The northwest striking QMF is a left‐lateral fault with a minor oblique normal componentLeft‐lateral slip of the HYF is partially transferred by slip (~0.5–1.0 mm/year) along the QMFTectonic deformation on the southwestern Ordos is strongly controlled by the northeastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau
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- 2018
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44. Transfusion of cryopreserved platelets exacerbates inflammatory liver and lung injury in a mice model of hemorrhage
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Zhao, Jingxiang, Sun, Zhenwei, You, Guoxing, Wang, Ying, Chen, Gan, Zhao, Lian, and Zhou, Hong
- Abstract
Supplemental digital content is available in the text.
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- 2018
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45. Effects of HPV Pseudotype Virus in Cutting E6 Gene Selectively in SiHa Cells
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Cheng, Yan-xiang, Chen, Gan-tao, Yang, Xiao, Wang, Yan-qing, and Hong, Li
- Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of the CRISPR/Cas9 system mediated by the HPV pseudotype virus on SiHa cytobiology behavior by cutting the HPV16 E6 gene selectively and to explore the role of this system in the treatment of cervical cancer. After designing specific gRNA sequences targeting HPV16 E6, generating hCas9-EGFP and E6-gRNA-RFP plasmids, and preparing the pseudovirus of HPV16 carrying E6-gRNA and Cas9 plasmids, we determined the titer of the pseudotype virus using the TCID50 method. We obtained the pseudotype virus of HPV16 carrying E6-gRNA and Cas9 plasmids to transfect cervical cancer SiHa cells. Experimental subjects were divided into control group, empty virus group, E6-gRNA transfected group, Cas9 transfected group and Cas9+E6-gRNA transfected group. The molecular size of the cutting sequence was detected using the T7E1 enzyme digestion method and agarose gel electrophoresis, and the cleavage function of CRISPR/Cas9 on the E6 gene was determined at the same time. RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of E6 in all the groups; the Transwell cell migration assay was performed to detect the cell migration ability and metastasis in all groups. Heterotopic transplantation tumors were incorporated into mice and were used to investigate the effects of the CRISPR/Cas9 system mediated by the HPV pseudovirus on the tumorigenic ability of SiHa cells by selectively cutting HPV16 E6. The HPV16 pseudotype virus carrying E6-gRNA and Cas9 plasmids could successfully infect SiHa cells, and there were two cutting zones in the Cas9+E6-gRNA transfected group. However, the empty virus group, E6-gRNA transfected group and Cas9 transfected group had no corresponding zone. Compared with those in the control group, the empty virus group, E6-gRNA transfected group and Cas9 transfected group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of E6 in SiHa cells were downregulated in the Cas9+E6-gRNA transfected group (P<0.01). In addition, the proliferation and migration abilities of SiHa cells were significantly inhibited (P<0.01). There were no significant differences among the other groups. In contrast to the control group, the HPV pseudotype virus carrying E6-gRNA and Cas9 plasmids could significantly delay the growth of tumor cells of the ectopic tumor transplantation model (P<0.01). The CRISPR/Cas9 system mediated by the HPV pseudotype virus to knockout E6 gene expression exhibited a clear inhibitory effect on the biological function of SiHa cells, which indicated that knocking out the E6 gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system mediated by the HPV pseudotype virus had a potential effect of eliminating HPV infection and inhibiting the growth of HPV-related tumors. Taken together, these findings provide insight into a new treatment strategy for the prevention and treatment of hr-HPV infected disease, particularly in HPV-related tumors.
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- 2018
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46. TEMPO‐Promoted C(sp3)−H Hydroxylation of 2‐Oxindoles at Room Temperature
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Zhu, Wen‐Ming, Bao, Wen‐Hui, Ying, Wei‐Wei, Chen, Wei‐Ting, Huang, Yi‐Ling, Ge, Guo‐Ping, Chen, Gan‐Ping, and Wei, Wen‐Ting
- Abstract
3‐Hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles are valuable biologically active molecules, and efficient methods for their synthesis under mild condition are highly sought after. Here we report a base‐ and metal‐free C(sp3)−H hydroxylation of 2‐oxindoles promoted by commercially available inexpensive TEMPO and atmospheric air as a hydroxylation reagent at room temperature. This protocol provides a mild and simple strategy for the construction of C−O bonds in moderate to good yields with wide functional group tolerance. Push the TEMPO! A base‐and metal‐free C(sp3)−H hydroxylation of 2‐oxindoles promoted by commercially available inexpensive TEMPO and atmospheric air as a hydroxylation reagent at room temperature is reported. This protocol provides a mild and simple strategy for the construction of C−O bonds in moderate to good yields with wide functional group tolerance.
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- 2018
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47. D-A structured high efficiency solid luminogens with tunable emissions: Molecular design and photophysical properties
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Wang, Yunzhong, He, Zihan, Chen, Gan, Shan, Tong, Yuan, Wangzhang, Lu, Ping, and Zhang, Yongming
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- 2017
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48. Indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline as a Low Reduction Potential and High Stability Anolyte Scaffold for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries
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Zhang, Wenhao, Walser-Kuntz, Ryan, Tracy, Jacob S., Schramm, Tim K., Shee, James, Head-Gordon, Martin, Chen, Gan, Helms, Brett A., Sanford, Melanie S., and Toste, F. Dean
- Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are a promising stationary energy storage technology for leveling power supply from intermittent renewable energy sources with demand. A central objective for the development of practical, scalable RFBs is to identify affordable and high-performance redox-active molecules as storage materials. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a new organic scaffold, indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline, for highly stable, low-reduction potential, and high-solubility anolytes for nonaqueous redox flow batteries (NARFBs). The mixture of 2- and 3-(tert-butyl)-6-(2-methoxyethyl)-6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline exhibits a low reduction potential (−2.01 V vs Fc/Fc+), high solubility (>2.7 M in acetonitrile), and remarkable stability (99.86% capacity retention over 49.5 h (202 cycles) of H-cell cycling). This anolyte was paired with N-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)-ethyl)phenothiazine (MEEPT) to achieve a 2.3 V all-organic NARFB exhibiting 95.8% capacity retention over 75.1 h (120 cycles) of cycling.
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- 2023
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49. New approach into NOxremoval from flue gas by carbohydrazide
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Chen, Gan, Guan, Zhenzhen, Chen, Dezhen, and Hong, Liu
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Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) is a proven technique to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from stationary sources. The process utilizes NH3or urea as a reducing agent, which is only effective in a narrow and high temperature range with the maximum NOxabatement falling with the increase of the O2content. In large industrial boilers, the effectiveness of the deNOxprocess may be decreased with boiler load variations and excess O2. This study investigated carbohydrazide as a reagent to improve SNCR performance. NO reduction by carbohydrazide was experimentally investigated in a pilot-scale flow reactor. The effect of reaction temperature, molar ratio of NH2to NO (normalized stoichiometric ratio, NSR) on the NO reduction was determined. Moreover, the promotion effect of carbohydrazide on the reactivity of NH3and urea was also investigated. The experimental results indicated that NO reduction by carbohydrazide occurred in a relatively low temperature range of 650-850 °C, and the optimum reaction temperature was about 730 °C at NSR of 2.0, the O2content of 11.5-16.6 % and the initial NOxconcentration of 635 mg/m3. After adding a small amount of carbohydrazide to an NH3or urea solution, the data showed that carbohydrazide could shift the temperature window of NH3to the left, but had no positive effect on urea deNOxand the NO conversion efficiencies of NH3deNOx. Consequently, carbohydrazide is a potential reducing agent for NOx, but was not adapted to improve the deNOxperformance with NH3and urea.
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- 2023
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50. Effects of Transition Metals on Metal–Octaaminophthalocyanine-Based 2D Metal–Organic Frameworks
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Chen, Gan, Li, Zongqi, Huang, Zhehao, Lu, Haolin, Long, Guankui, Lezama Pacheco, Juan S., Tok, Jeffrey B.-H., Gao, Theodore Z., Lei, Yusheng, Zhou, Jiayun, and Bao, Zhenan
- Abstract
Metal–octaaminophthalocyanine (MOAPc)-based 2D conductive metal–organic frameworks (cMOFs) have shown great potential in several applications, including sensing, energy storage, and electrocatalysis, due to their bimetallic characteristics. Here, we report a detailed metal substitution study on a family of isostructural cMOFs with Co2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+as both the metal nodes and the metal centers in the MOAPc ligands. We observed that different metal nodes had variations in the reaction kinetics, particle sizes, and crystallinities. Importantly, the electronic structure and conductivity were found to be dependent on both types of metal sites in the 2D cMOFs. Ni-NiOAPc was found to be the most conductive one among the nine possible combinations with a conductivity of 54 ± 4.8 mS/cm. DFT calculations revealed that monolayer Ni-NiOAPc has neither the smallest bandgap nor the highest charge carrier mobility. Hence its highest conductivity stems from its high crystallinity. Collectively, these results provide structure property relationships for MOAPc-based cMOFs with amino coordination units.
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- 2023
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