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Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Araucaria is the property of Araucaria-Revista Iberoamericana de Filosofia, Politica y Humanidades and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses the history of the perception of sugar from antiquity to the Middle Ages. The author shows how changes in society can be demonstrated by changes in the reflection of dietary attitudes towards sweet taste. Medieval society was influenced by ambiguous attitudes towards sugar and sweets in general. On one hand, sweet taste was associated with the risk of mental malaise, which contradicted religious devotion to the Christian faith; on the other hand, the description of sweet taste was often used symbolically in the Bible as an allegory of reward for strong faith. Sugar, however, found its way into pharmacy as a medicine and, above all, as a sweetener. Medieval trade between Europe and its Arab neighbours and the development of urban and international trade eventually opened the way for sugar cane to enter Europe. European merchants learned to produce sugar and, from the 16th century onwards, took their technological knowledge or knowledge of the organisation of cane sugar production to the newly discovered territories in America. The transfer of knowledge was the precursor to the Industrial Revolution and medieval concepts of sugar were forgotten. This article therefore provides a brief overview of medieval mindset regarding sugar and sweet taste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Irish tradition it was believed that both the living and the dead might in certain circumstances appear at a distance from their bodies. This article considers occasions where such supernatural visitations happened close to the moment of the death. Deathbed apparitions or 'crisis apparitions' were reported widely in Europe and America, but have not been much explored by historians. In crisis apparition stories, the dying or just-dead person visited a neighbour, friend or close relative and a key feature was that the percipient would declare what they had seen, even before confirmation had arrived of the death. Accounts dating from between about the 1820s and 1940s provide the basis for an exploration of the crisis apparition both as reported in Ireland and among Irish people abroad. That many crisis apparitions communicated across the Atlantic reflects the anxieties of 'exiles' and their friends and families about death far from home, and this article also considers their role in bridging gaps in conventional communications. Accounts of supernatural leave-taking also travelled across time, offering insights about how storytelling assisted the processing of grief and the handing down of the dead over generations that are relevant to other contexts far beyond Ireland's shores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Prohistoria is the property of Prohistoria Ediciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Commonly considered bispecific, Acorus is one of the most phylogenetically isolated angiosperm genera that forms the order Acorales sister to the rest of the monocots. The Acorus calamus group is widely distributed in the Holarctic regions of Eurasia and America and has strong medicinal and other practical uses since prehistoric times. Earlier studies interpreted native diploids and invasive triploids occurring in North America as two species that differed in morphology and distribution ranges. In contrast, diploids, triploids, and tetraploids occurring in Eurasia are commonly interpreted as one species because they reportedly cannot be distinguished in collections. We resolve the controversy over taxonomic concepts between Eurasia and America and provide the first detailed multidisciplinary account of Acorus in temperate Asia. We used plastid and nuclear markers, leaf anatomy, seed micromorphology, pollen stainability, flow cytometry, and direct chromosome counts. Diploids and tetraploids show stable molecular and micromorphological differences. Triploids are their sterile hybrids, with the plastid genome inherited from the diploid parent. Diploids of America and Asia tend to differ in leaf characters. Coadaptative coexistence with pollinating beetles Platamartus jakowlewi and Sibirhelus corpulentus (Kateretidae) is conserved between diploids and tetraploids and over a distance of 4700 km between Japan and Western Siberia. Diploids are self‐compatible and can set seeds in the absence of kateretid beetles. Tetraploids are self‐incompatible and/or cannot set seeds in the absence of Platamartus and Sibirhelus. Diploids (A. americanus) and tetraploids (A. verus) are two biological species; the former has two subspecies. Acorus calamus should be restricted to triploids; it apparently first evolved in temperate Asia. Diploids mostly occur in much cooler climates than triploids and tetraploids. Accessions of A. verus and A. calamus from tropical Asia are apparently derived from ancient introductions. Our data provide a new framework for the pharmacological use of Acorus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green investment yields financial returns while positively influencing the environment. Several empirics have tried to find the factors that impact green investment, but none of them has focused on energy security risks and ICT as potential determinants of green investment. This analysis intends to scrutinize the influence of energy security risk and ICT on green investment from 1996 to 2021 with the help of a novel CS-ARDL model. The findings confirm the positive association between energy security risks and long-term green investment globally and in Asia, America, Europe, and Africa. Similarly, ICT boosts green investment in the long term globally and in America and Europe. Carbon emissions also escalates green investment globally and in Asia, America, Europe, and Africa. However, GDP boosts green investment globally and in Asia, America, and Europe, while FD boosts green investment globally and in America and Europe. Lastly, trade openness also increases green investment in Asia and America in the long run. The short-term impacts are mostly insignificant except for the GDP, CO 2 , and financial development variables, which boost green investment in one or two regions. Thus, governments should strategize to encourage ICT for sustainable green investments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conflicts, whether internal or external, have the ability to increase energy security risks. Given this background, this paper investigates the impact of conflicts on energy security risks in the panel data of 40 major energy-consuming economies from Asia, America, Europe, and Africa by employing the Cross-sectionally augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag model from 1996 to 2021. The results show that the risks to long-term energy security fall with the rise in internal and external conflicts globally and in Asian, American, European, and African economies. However, all regions see decreased long-term energy security risk due to rising financial development. At the same time, national income mitigates energy security risks globally and in American countries. Technological innovation reduces long-term energy security risks globally in Asian, American, and European economies. Conversely, only gross domestic product and technological innovation cause the energy security risks to fall globally and in American economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy and environmental concerns have fostered the era of electric vehicles (EVs) to take over and be welcomed more than ever. Fuel-powered vehicles are still predominant; however, this trend appears to be changing sooner than we might expect. Countries in Europe, Asia, and many states in America have already made the decision to transition to a fully EV industry in the next few years. This looks promising; however, drivers still have concerns about the battery mileage of such vehicles and the anxiety that such driving experiences! Indeed, driving with the probability of having insufficient battery charge that may be involved in guaranteeing the delivery to the trip destination imposes a level of anxiety on the vehicle drivers. Therefore, for an alternative to traditional fuel-powered vehicles to be convincing, there needs to be sufficient coverage of charging stations to serve cities in the same way that fuel stations serve traditional vehicles. The current navigation models select routes based solely on distance and traffic metrics, without taking into account the coverage of fuel service stations that these routes may offer. This assumption is made under the belief that all routes are adequately covered. This might be true for fuel-powered vehicles, but not for EVs. Hence, in this work, we are presenting AFARM, a routing model that enables a smart navigation system specifically designed for EVs. This model routes the EVs via paths that are lined with charging stations that align with the EV's current charge requirements. Different from the other models proposed in the literature, AFARM is autonomous in the sense that it determines navigation paths for each vehicle based on its make, model, and current battery status. Moreover, it employs Dijkstra's algorithm to accommodate varying least-cost navigation preferences, ranging from shortest-distance routes to routes with the shortest trip time and routes with maximum residual battery capacities as well. According to the EV driver's preference, AFARM checks the set of candidate paths at the source point and selects the appropriate path for the vehicle to drive based on its current status. Consequently, AFARM provides an anxiety-free navigation model that allows for a reliable and environmentally friendly driving experience, promoting this alternative mode of transportation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the relationship between regionalism, indigeneity, and the construction of American identity in late-nineteenth-century literature. It discusses the impact of colonization on the environment, particularly the destruction of the eastern white pine and the eradication of iconic American species like the bison. The essays in this special issue analyze how regionalism both celebrated and critiqued the national identity, with a focus on the representation of indigenous peoples and their cultures. The article also examines the ways in which American regionalism influenced notions of authenticity and the quest for indigeneity in literature. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Araucaria is the property of Araucaria-Revista Iberoamericana de Filosofia, Politica y Humanidades and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Free speech in America stands at a precipice. The nation must decide if the First Amendment protects controversial, unconventional, and unpopular speech, or only that which is mainstream, fashionable, and government-approved. This debate is one of many legal battles brought to the fore during Covid-19. But the fallout of the free speech question will transcend Covid-19. During the pandemic, the federal government took unprecedented steps to pressure private entities to push messages it approved and squelch those it did not. The Supreme Court will soon grapple with the issue of censorship during the pandemic. This article examines this litigation, along with the speech restrictions enacted by social media platforms at the behest of federal officials. It does so through a historical lens as it applies to free speech and prior restraint. Tracing this lineage is vital to understanding the importance of the right to think freely in the Covid era and how to apply historical concepts of free speech to contemporary challenges. I conclude the solution to the problem of misinformation is more speech, not suppression. Unconventional speech thus warrants constitutional protection. The First Amendment is designed to preserve an uninhibited marketplace of ideas where truth will ultimately prevail. That process is difficult, time consuming, and not without error. However, it is the most prudent alternative to reliance on the government intrusion of prior restraint and viewpoint discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The catastrophic ascension of the Europeans to the stage of world history entailed the launching of a race war against Africans, which is still raging to this day. This race war is multifaceted; however, its ultimate objective is the racial extermination of the Africans. In the interim period before the racial extermination of Africans, the Europeans have chosen to embark on a cruel project to "falsify African consciousness". This falsification is achieved through a process of culturicide. By the latter, we imply a form of "intellectual warfare" waged by the Europeans to confuse Africans, especially their most gifted members, about their African identity and culture to serve global white supremacy. The integrationist "double-consciousness" of the New Negros in America and the "New Africans" in South Africa is the highest stage of this intellectual warfare. The latter has resulted in the emergence of integrationist double-consciousness (which accepts whites and seeks to coexist with them) among the black elite, like Dubois, and revolutionary double-consciousness (which rejects both whites and white supremacy) among ordinary Africans both in America and South Africa. Using African phenomenological framework, this paper will argue that the integrationist double-consciousness of the black elite must be abandoned and replaced with the revolutionary double-consciousness of ordinary Africans such as Garveyites and amaqaba. This is in order to destroy whites and global white supremacy and to restore the African world-order premised on the principles of Maat as in ancient Kemet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nearly half of adults in America have hypertension (HTN), and only approximately 1 in 4 adults has their blood pressure (BP) under control. High BP is more common in African Americans adults, and BP control is lower among minority adults. Pharmacist-led interventions for HTN have been shown to be effective in improving BP control and reducing the risk of cardiovascular events. This study aimed to leverage electronic health record (EHR) data to improve BP control through pharmacist-led interventions. This was a prospective, cohort study conducted at Atrium Health Concord Internal Medicine, a large suburban practice in Concord, North Carolina. Patients with uncontrolled HTN were identified using an EHR data tool. Patients were included if they were at least 18 years of age, had sustained uncontrolled HTN, and were of a minority race or ethnicity. The primary outcome was proportion of patients achieving a BP of < 140/90 mm Hg in the intervention group compared with a control group. Secondary outcomes included mean change in BP from baseline, number and type of visits, and number and type of interventions. A total of 110 patients were enrolled in this study, 55 patients in each cohort. The baseline characteristics were generally well balanced between the 2 groups. The mean age was 62 years, and most patients were female and African American. For the primary outcome, 70.9% of the patients in the intervention group achieved a BP of < 140/90 mm Hg compared with 32.7% of the patients in the control group (P < 0.001). The most common intervention was lifestyle modifications, followed by BP monitoring technique education and medication adherence interventions. In this study, pharmacist-led interventions resulted in clinically and statistically significant improvements in sustained uncontrolled HTN among minority populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migration at international level is a global phenomenon. In recent years the world experienced the highest number of people who migrated abroad. For example, in 2020 approximately 3.6% of global population were international migrants. This was the highest proportion of the global population registered in the last thirty years. The paper analyses some general aspects of international migration. There are detailed migration patterns in various regions such as America, Europe, the Asia-Pacific region, and Africa. Based on the data provided can be drawn some policy implications. Countries of destination should apply policies in order to facilitate the integration of migrants and should provide labour market regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yellow journalism is widely believed to have grown out of a circulation battle between Joseph Pulitzer and William Hearst in the 1890s. Most scholarship on its inception has been confined to newspapers in large Eastern cities. To date, little study of the period's journalism has investigated whether, and to what degree, elements of yellow journalism were practiced by newspapers in Western US states and territories. This examination of the Arizona Republican in the 1890s shows yellow journalism was not confined to the East where it was incubated; in territorial Arizona, yellow journalism flourished. Needing to attract readers in a competitive newspaper market with a growing population, the newspaper did so with large headlines, scurrilous reporting, attention-grabbing news, and illustrations. Beyond the Eastern United States, the same force which brought on yellow journalism—publishers' needs to attract huge readerships—fueled the practice on America's territorial frontier in the Arizona Republican. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tardigrades are aquatic microinvertebrates, that can be found from the poles to the tropical regions. However, knowledge about their diversity and distribution is still limited, especially regarding the Neotropical region. In addition, many species described in the past were considered cosmopolitan but new morphological, morphometric and especially molecular studies have demonstrated the existence of species complexes. The species Milnesium tardigradum Doyère, 1840 is an example that highlights this issue. Many M. tardigradum records made in South America date from the time when this species was considered cosmopolitan and exhibiting large intraspecific variability. However, current revisions of the genus using modern techniques indicate that the M. tardigradum sensu stricto is most likely restricted to the Palaearctic region. In this contribution, we describe a new species, Milnesium iniquum sp. nov. from south-eastern Brazil, with additional records from Argentina and French Guiana, utilising integrative taxonomy framework. The new species is characterised by having smooth cuticle, presence of dorsal pseudoplates, adult claw configuration [3-3]-[3-3] and [2-2]-[2-2] in hatchlings (early positive CC change), with internal and anterior spurs larger than external and posterior spurs and by presence of short cuticular bars on legs IV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We make seven direct intra-brand comparisons between legacy carmakers' electric vehicle (EV) and gaspowered vehicle who achieved top ten most-efficient electric vehicles in America. We find six out of the seven EVs will be able to breakeven the higher price relative to their gas counterparts within reasonable gas price range, electricity charge range, and federal government tax credit for buying EVs. We further find that federal government tax credit is the most effective policy tool that will induce new car buyers to choose EVs over comparable same-brand gas vehicle though other green initiatives such as solar panels on owner's roof tops and below-market-interest-rate (BMIR) loans are effective as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ideas y Valores is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Temas de Historia Argentina y Americana is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The use of modal auxiliaries in research articles and political speeches has been well investigated. The genre of commencement speeches, however, has yet to be investigated as far as the use of modal auxiliaries are concerned. In addressing the gap, the present study compares the usage of modal auxiliary verbs in commencement speeches of Ghanaian speakers with American speakers, and investigates the semantic contribution of the modal auxiliaries in the speeches. Additionally, the study also explores the speech act performed via the usage of the modal auxiliary verb and their pragmatic nuances in commencement speeches. The dataset for the study is a corpus of 51,447 words obtained from twelve (12) commencement speeches of the Ashesi University (in Ghana) and twelve (12) highly ranked American Universities. The study employed AntConc 4.0 to generate the instances of modal auxiliary usage in the data. Leech's (2004) theory of modal auxiliary meaning and Searle's (1969) Speech Act Theory were employed to identify modal meanings and speech acts performed in the speeches. The study highlights the vital role of modal auxiliaries and speech acts in encoding actions that speech acts inspire within the Ghanaian and American contexts. These include the cando attitude of Ghanaians, on the one hand, and the need-to-cherish-family and keep close ties attitude of the Americans, on the other hand. The results show that relatively speaking, American commencement speeches employ more modal auxiliaries than Ghanaian commencement speeches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study intends to analyze the trend of walkability research over two years (2021–2022) in several aspects, including the research problem, gap and aim underlying walkability issues, research setting, the scale of analysis, the type of data, the data collection tool, the analysis method and contribution. Design/methodology/approach: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) is employed to conduct a systematic literature review from three leading databases including Web of Science (WoS), Scopus and Sage. Findings: From the review, it can be concluded that the research focuses on two aspects, namely, the built environment and people. The studies in this field are conducted at different scales of the built environment, from macroscale to microscale, including region, city, neighborhood and street-level studies that are conducted around the world including Asia, Europe and America which receive high attention from researchers. Meanwhile, the study of walkability in Australia and Africa gains less attention. It is revealed that there are four factors of walkability including land use and accessibility for macroscale which cover region, city and neighborhood, while street network and pedestrian infrastructure and facility are mainly analyzed for street-level. Most of the studies widely utilize a quantitative approach for analyzing physical walkability factors in a measurement-based approach by using certain tools/software, and a perception-based approach by using questionnaires. Research limitations/implications: The findings can assist to keep up with the rapid pace of scientific publications and help accelerate the understanding of particular ideas in the field of walkability for the planning and design practice and policy that can be used by researchers/academia, urban designers, urban planners, architects, engineers and policymakers. Also, this study hopefully could assist further research direction for the future and could add value to a more advanced way of understanding the research on walkability. Originality/value: This research provides a robust framework for walkability trend analysis and a comprehensive understanding of the main ideas from the existing research on walkability worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Indias is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article intends to explore the constitutive role of US satirical periodicals in nation-building by focusing on the John-Donkey. In 1848, sixty years after the ratification of the American Constitution, the young United States was imagining itself into a nation. American periodicals were crucial in conveying competing ideas of what America should be, mirroring and amplifying widespread aspirations and preoccupations. In particular, the John-Donkey fostered a discussion with coeval papers on subjects such as mass immigration and the widespread sympathy for Pius IX in the United States. Although maintaining a desecrating attitude toward the papacy, the John-Donkey ridiculed those who deemed such sympathy and the rising number of Catholics (and Catholic voters) in the United States a threat. In doing so, the periodical indirectly expressed and expelled the anxieties fuelled in the readership by the Nativists as much as its editorial staff’s preoccupation that those anxieties might result in intolerance and even fanaticism. A detailed analysis of the texts and images related to these themes reveals conflating thoughts on international and domestic policies, indicating to what extent the projection of a specific “America” implied the definition of oneself as opposed to non-Americans and political opponents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the intercultural communication apprehension of university students in Japan and China, and its relationship with language competence, and self-regulation, comparing the two to those in America. A total of 614 students from Japan (N=216), China (N=215), and America (N=183) completed the questionnaire online. Our findings demonstrated that Japanese and Chinese students were higher in intercultural communication apprehension and prevention focus, while Americans were higher in promotion focus. As predicted, apart from the English language ability, self-regulatory focus explained the intercultural communication anxiety of Japanese and Chinese students. The impact of language competence on intercultural communication apprehension was mediated by promotion focus. The findings uncovered some important motivational factors with potential for mitigating the intercultural communication apprehension of students in East Asian cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the phenomenon of cottagecore, an internet aesthetic that has gained considerable popularity across social media platforms including Tumblr, TikTok, Instagram, and Pinterest. Characterized by its romanticized and simplified depictions of rural life, cottagecore content encompasses a multitude of topics such as farm life, ecological gardening, self-sufficiency, and crafting. The aesthetic seeks to present an idealized version of nature and rural living, rooted in a distant, idyllic past free from social predicaments such as capitalism, xenophobia, and the patriarchy. Though its advent predates the COVID-19 pandemic, it saw a significant surge in popularity during 2020. Through a case study, this paper aims to argue that cottagecore represents a contemporary manifestation of the pastoral tradition from literature and art history in twenty-first-century digital storytelling. It explores the interplay between socio-geographical changes and the resurgence of the pastoral impulse, comparing early industrialized America's pastoralism in the literature of nature writing with the rise of the pastoral in cottagecore amid the pandemic. This paper argues that the escapist fantasy expressed in cottagecore is not rooted in the actual disappearance of the wilderness but rather in the perceived loss of an idealized pastoral refuge, a nostalgic yearning for an imagined past in harmony with nature as viewed primarily through the lens of an urban upper middle class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Cultural differences in complementary infant foods across countries and regions are unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the differences in guidelines and recommendations for complementary infant foods worldwide, especially focusing on foods that infants eat first and the order in which they are consumed. Methods Web questionnaires were sent to midwifery associations or nurses' associations in 166 countries that are members of the International Council of Midwives (ICM) or the International Council of Nursing (ICN). Midwives or nurses were asked about recommended foods for infants to eat first and recommendations for the order in which they should be eaten. For the analysis, we categorized the recommendations for complementary foods in each country, focusing on the order in which they were consumed. Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences in eating order classification and region. Results Responses were received from a total of 46 countries. Thirty-seven out of 46 countries, or 80.4%, responded that they had guidelines on complementary foods. Six patterns were found for complementary diets, including 2 patterns starting with grains and 3 with vegetables and patterns of parents' and infant-led diets. Grains were the most common starting pattern in Asia and Africa, while vegetables were the most common in Europe and America. Conclusion We believe that international nutritional intake and disease prevention guidelines should be considered as recommendations for complementary foods suitable for each country and region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Calidad en la Educación is the property of Consejo Nacional de Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Masculinity linked to conflict or war is often seen as hegemonic. This research offers two literary texts from two different countries: Stephen Crane's The Red Badge of Courage (2005) and Muchtar Lubis' Jalan Tak Ada Ujung (The Endless Road) (1952). By comparing and contrasting both countries in terms of non-hegemonic masculinities of the protagonist characters, the pattern of masculinities of each nation, which is often overlooked, can be explainable. We can identify variations of masculinities in classic fiction, which reflect the national discourses. By utilizing the notion of focalization, the method of narratology can locate the power relation and agency in the story. Post-war anxiety as well as the ideology of fatherism and momism constructs the national gendered discoures. Indonesia's masculinity resists the legitimate and privileged as well as the status-quo concept of national masculinity. The resistance implies that Indonesia's national masculinity is more diverse and progressive than America's is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ileti-s-im is the property of Universite Galatasaray, Faculty of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In minimizing and narrowing students' opportunities for exploration, discovery, deliberation, and thoughtfulness--the educational gold standard of our nation's most elite educational institutions--by offering them a rationed education that is designed to facilitate quick completion of a degree or certificate, "redesigning" and Guided Pathways reforms and recommendations have promoted "workforce training" and devalued the humanities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cubana de Ciencias Informáticas is the property of Universidad de las Ciencias Informaticas (UCI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article traces Kazantzakis' attitudes towards America in works from the pre- and post-war periods. In doing so, it reveals his growing interest in visiting the country or even settling there for an extended period. The pretexts for such a journey were diverse and variously described by the writer as a means to 'renew his vision', to find a secure place to work, and to launch endeavours intended to 'save' Greece from afar. Though Kazantzakis' antipathy to 'Americanization' remained, he was more prepared over time to tolerate these defects, while becoming increasingly sensible to the pull of other demands and attractions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interpretation of the contemporary situation in both culture and higher education, from the perspective of America's magnificent commitment to democratic pluralism - as radically distinct from the autocracies that prevail today. This essay is also a presentation of a vision of human development from which emerges a mature form of humanity capable of living a democratic life, including what it takes to sustain it. These dynamics are articulated through consideration of the fate of the humanities in our time, and the great benefits for both person and society that could flow from their revival and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the last 50 years, the two prevailing constitutional interpretation methodologies have been Originalism and Living Constitutionalism. The former treats the Constitution almost like a contract and demands that interpreters focus on the ordinary contemporary understanding its terms would have received when they became law. The latter treats the Constitution as a charter for the structure of a new government that would survive and mature as needed to protect both the nation and its people as new threats to government and civil liberties arise. Professor Adrian Vermeule's book Common Good Constitutionalism offers a new approach to constitutional interpretation, one that gives far greater prominence to the need to protect and advance the good of the nation as a whole than either of the other two theories would require. His theoretical justification for the new approach stems from the classical or natural law principle that a nation may demand that its interests outweigh those of any individual or group. He criticizes Originalism as a morally sterile, positivistic approach to legal interpretation, and Living Constitutionalism as concerned only with the interests of individuals and groups without regard for those of the polity. Professor Vermeule, however, does not give sufficient weight to what the Constitution did--viz., create a democratic republic whose elected representatives would make moral judgments--than what a court may do when reviewing their work. He also fails to address a goodly number of issues that any new theory of constitutional interpretation must address to serve the role that he posits for Common Good Constitutionalism. He does not give adequate weight to the rationale endorsed in Marbury v. Madison that it is the text that governs, not background principles, however weighty they might be. He does not address how his theory affects antidiscrimination law, the application of the Bill of Rights to the states, or principles of stare decisis. In sum, Common Good Constitutionalism, while valuable, is better seen as a codicil to Originalism (to which it is closer than Living Constitutionalism) than as an entirely new, different will. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Shall the Fundamentalists Win?" was the title of a 1922 sermon by Harry Emerson Fosdick, announcing a question that fueled public dispute in the fundamentalist-modernist controversy in 1920s America. The question persists today, but this article turns to the metaphors of apocalyptic rhetoric and routine cynicism to suggest a deeper question energizing fundamentalist and antifundamentalist rhetoric: What does the future of faith look like in an era of cynicism? This article brings a philosophical hermeneutic approach to Fosdick's sermon as well as the rebuttals of John Roach Straton and Clarence Edward Macartney. Macartney's distinctive form of apocalyptic rhetoric, this article argues, offers a possible way to counter fundamentalism's dangers without tacitly accepting its methodological premises of marginalization and polarization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Digital transformation changes collaboration processes, particularly in rapidly digitalizing countries like ASEAN states. Co-creation and innovation processes become increasingly flexible and time and location independent. But virtual collaboration faces context-specific challenges like technical problems, lack of social presence, and ambiguous attitudes towards autonomy and accountability. Therefore, this study addresses two research questions to contribute to designing a creative virtual environment: First, which Design Principles (DPs) should be prioritized in designing a user-centered creative virtual environment? Second, which Design Features (DFs) effectively implement the DPs in creative virtual collaboration from a user perspective?. Method: A user-centered Design Science Research approach was chosen to identify, implement and evaluate DPs and DFs. DPs were derived from theories on creativity drivers in five areas: functionality, process, mood, meaning, and collaboration. The DPs were implemented in a virtual design thinking workshop at a German international university. A qualitative thematic analysis evaluated user feedback from 38 international students from Asia, Africa, America, and Europe. Results: Insights from user feedback indicate that seven DPs should be prioritized and effectively implemented in a virtual environment for creative collaboration: (1) Provide rich, appropriate resources to inspire creative thinking; (2) Technical problems and connectivity issues must be anticipated and mitigated; (3) The environment must foster social presence and interaction, and (4) effective communication and visualization; (5) Methods and technologies must be adapted to the creative process and individual needs; (6) The group work benefits from structured but flexible tasks and time management support; (7) Provide space for individual work that allows autonomy and solitary contemplation. Conclusion: A tailored setup that adapts to context-specific challenges distinct from the on-site collaboration is necessary to facilitate creative virtual collaboration. The study results apply and expand current theories on technology utilization and inform the practical design of a virtual environment for creative collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charles Dickens's A Christmas Carol retains a profound presence in Transatlantic seasonal celebrations and the popular image of the festive period. While the book's reception in the United Kingdom has been well studied, its early progress through nineteenth-century American popular culture has received much less attention and existing accounts of its rise to popularity are contradictory. This article, therefore, is an attempt to trace the ways that American readers and audiences responded to this defining Transatlantic text in the decades between its first publication and Dickens's death in 1870. After exploring its immediate reception in the wake of its first publication in America, I examine the changing status of A Christmas Carol in relation to both Dickens's American reading tour of 1867–8 and the aftermath of his death – finding the book, throughout those decades, to be a crucial arbiter of both the popular idea of Christmas and the reputation of Dickens and his work more broadly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This summary is about the book "This Contested Land: The Storied Past and Uncertain Future of America's National Monuments" by McKenzie Long. The book explores the histories, presents, and futures of national monuments in the United States through the author's own outdoor adventures. It examines various topics such as nuclear storage, land art, Indigenous activism, and mining policy, portraying American dissent over protected land as complex and vital. The book also highlights lesser-known national monuments and includes diverse perspectives on their use. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the ethics and compromises involved in land-use conflicts and seeks an inclusive consideration of national monuments. [Extracted from the article]