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Background: Amidst the difficulty and contentiousness of improving hospitals, a relatively new approach is the Relational Model of Organizational Change (RMOC). However, this approach has its own challenges, including reports that its focus on communication and relationships is undervalued despite evidence supporting its use to facilitate practice improvements in hospitals. Research suggests power dynamics in hospitals influences how the RMOC is used, but the precise mechanisms through which this occurs have not been fully examined. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how power dynamics shaped the implementation of a program using the RMOC in a hospital: the QPH RC Program. Methodology: Institutional ethnography was applied to explicate textually mediated ruling relations (power dynamics) and examine how they exerted their influence on the QPH RC Program. This involved interviewing people and analyzing texts embedded in work processes that organized the implementation of the program. Results: The QPH RC Program was embedded in a cluster of ruling relations comprising an economic rationalist and scientific discourse and project management methodology. These ruling relations exerted their power via textually mediated social processes that influenced the focus and management of the program. Conclusion: The ruling relations functioned to align the QPH RC Program with the priorities of the hospital, suggesting that financial objectives were prioritized over objectives to improve communication or culture. Practice Implications: Future research and practice change should include investigating and addressing the intersection of institutional contexts and the application of the RMOC to facilitate practice improvements in health care organizations, particularly hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resilience in tourism studies has mainly departed from a socioecological system theory approach and has developed knowledge in relation to different tourism contexts. This approach has consequences for the conceptualization of resilience and sets limits. Calls for theory development on resilience see a need to take account of, for instance, politics and power relations, and conflicts over resources. As a response to this call, this conceptual article discusses the ontological underpinnings of resilience in tourism studies from an interdisciplinary approach and argues for a media place approach to resilience. From a general socioecological system approach a tourist place is ontologically constituted as a subject with clear boundaries even if it has interactions, relations, and dependencies. The tourism place is therefore constituted as a fixed entity in its essence, even if equilibriums can be positioned differently. However, tourism resilience is a complex issue that calls for additional perspectives. The proposed interdisciplinary media place approach follows changes and dependencies between mediatization of tourism places and changes in the resilience of tourism places. The role of mediatization and its significance for changes in places are put at the center of the analysis. The approach assumes that a tourist place is constituted as a verb that is constantly created and re-created in a process. Additionally, resilience in places must also be conceptualized ontologically as a fluid concept that evolves over time. To understand sudden and long-term changes in tourism place resilience, special attention must be given to nodes or flows of information that connect the media systems and constitute places. Further, the article concludes that resilience is molded by the politics of media practices. An interdisciplinary approach brings new answers to complex questions that cannot be solved from a single disciplinary perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and Purpose: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition that limits function and reduces quality of life. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure that replaces the joint surfaces to address anatomical changes due to knee OA. While TKA improves symptoms and function, postoperative impairments are common, including reduced quadriceps strength. Blood flow restriction (BFR) may be a viable option for patients following TKA, as it can improve strength with a minimal amount of joint loading compared to traditional strength training. The purpose of this case report is to describe the impact of BFR use in an individual after TKA, employing pain measurements, quantitative sensory testing, patient-reported outcome measures, physical performance tests, and muscle strength and power testing to explore potential treatment effects and identify potential predictors of response for future studies. Case Description: A 49-year-old former female triathlete with a history of knee injury and arthroscopic surgery underwent a right TKA and sought physical therapy (PT) due to pain, limited range of motion (ROM), and knee instability during weight bearing activity. PT interventions included manual therapy, gait training, and a home program. Despite participating in supervised PT, she had persistent pain, ROM deficits, and muscle weakness 16 weeks following TKA. BFR was incorporated into her home program, 16-weeks postoperatively. The Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire-2 (SF-MPQ-2) and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) were used to measure pain. Quantitative sensory testing included pressure pain threshold (PPT) and two-point discrimination (TPD) to measure change in sensory perception. Patient-reported outcome measures to assess perceived physical function were the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and the KOOS- Joint Replacement (KOOS-JR). Physical performance was measured through the 30-second fast walk test (30SFW), timed stair climb test (SCT), 30-second chair standing test (CST), and the timed up and go (TUG). Knee ROM was assessed through standard goniometry. Knee extensor and flexor muscle strength and power were measured with an instrumented dynamometer for isokinetic and isometric testing, generating a limb symmetry index (LSI). Outcomes: Pain and quantitative sensory testing achieved clinically meaningful improvement suggesting reduced sensitivity during and after BFR utilization. Perceived physical function and symptoms significantly improved, particularly in sports and recreation activities, and were best captured in the KOOS, not the KOOS-JR. Physical performance reached clinically meaningful improvement in walking speed, chair stand repetitions, and timed stair climb tests after BFR. Isokinetic and isometric strength and power in knee extensors and flexors increased significantly after BFR compared to the uninvolved leg as determined by LSI. Discussion: In this case, BFR appeared to be a safe and well-tolerated intervention. The results suggest potential benefits in terms of increased function, strength, power, and reduced pain in this specific person after TKA. Comprehensive pain and sensory assessments alongside clinical measures may help identify suitable patients for BFR after TKA. The KOOS-Sport & Recreation subscale may be more responsive to monitor functional recovery compared to the KOOS-JR, possibly due to the subject's athletic background. Level of Evidence: 4 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From 1847, the head of the Budapest ballet was Federico Campilli (1820–1889), an individual of Italian origin. He regarded Viennese taste as authoritative in designing the program, thereby building on the international ballet repertoire. This repertoire included romantic pieces from Western Europe, along with Campilli's own choreographies. Campilli concluded his forty-year tenure in Budapest in 1887, and Cesare Smeraldi (1845–1924) assumed his position. The imperial city served as the model for shaping the ballet program, commencing its operations with the staging of Manzotti's spectacular Excelsior , which had premiered in Vienna two years earlier. This sensational performance, focused on the rise of human civilization and the development of technology, involved hundreds of actors and was destined for success throughout Europe. It ran for 29 years in Vienna and nine years in Budapest. In this study, an exploration of the driving forces behind this ballet success story with unconventional themes is undertaken. Various aspects are examined, such as the discourse of dance and the articulation of otherness in local and global spaces. The study delves into what technophile ballet entails, how cultural history, abstract concepts, discoveries, and inventions can be narrated through ballet. The thesis also highlights the debatable aspects of the ballet's music, utilizing music reviews from Budapest and Viennese newspapers. Through these reviews, an attempt is made to map the reception history of the ballet in Vienna and Budapest. The significance of Excelsior in the political power field within Hungarian conditions is also emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global business environment is constantly evolving due to various megatrends. Understanding these shifts is crucial for economies, particularly for managers responsible for decisionmaking in diverse industries. Managers benefit from knowing both, the specific business environment they operate in, or plan to enter, and the interconnected environments of neighbouring countries or economically similar regions. This paper, therefore, analyses how current megatrends impact the quality of the business environment within EU27 countries. This understanding is especially critical for small and medium-sized enterprises. The paper aims to assess the effects of selected megatrends on the business environment quality using regression and correlation analysis. Five prominent megatrends have been identified: M1 - Shift in Economic Power, M2 - Resource Scarcity, M3 - Technological Breakthrough, M4 - Social Change, and M5 - Rapid Urbanization. Each of these trends has been assigned measurable indicators. Regression analysis indicates that three of the five megatrends adversely impact the business environment quality in the EU27. Furthermore, correlation analysis reveals a strong linear dependence between the Shift in Economic Power and business environment quality, along with a moderate negative dependence related to Social Change. This approach clarifies the influence of megatrends on business environments, providing valuable insights for decision-makers aiming to navigate a shifting economic landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores China's ambitions to become a global hegemon in the 21st century. The research traces the origins of these ambitions in China's strategic culture and system of ideas and representations. Forming a geopolitical study in this way, this article zooms in the concepts of 'middle', 'Middle Kingdom' and Tianxia. 'Middle' symbolises China's centrality and moral authority; 'Middle Kingdom' embodies the idea of a state where political power is concentrated; and Tianxia represents China's historical visions of the global order. The research results show that China's traditional worldviews suggest ambitions for a leading status in the international chessboard, which is confirmed by China's aspects of revolutionary mentality and development of the military power. While the extent to which China will ascend to a leading role remains uncertain, understanding China's identity—via its strategic culture—is crucial for grasping both China's ambitious policy and its impact on the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores China's robust response to the Coronavirus Disease-2019 pandemic, employing health diplomacy and soft power strategies to boost international relations and global health outcomes. China's contributions to international organisations, investments in biotechnology and provision of medical aid underline its pivotal role in health diplomacy. The country's approach, encompassing the Health Silk Road and vaccine diplomacy, is viewed through the lens of soft power theory and health diplomacy theory. It is revealed that China's initiatives, while offering valuable global health benefits, also strategically enhance its global influence and international relations. This article offers policy recommendations and underscores the importance of international cooperation, equitable access to health interventions, and the embrace of digital health technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Domestic workers used to be treated virtually as members of the family in South Asian contexts, with much evidence of various forms of exploitation. Presently, the increasing prevalence of formal patron–client dynamics among part-time domestic labourers in urban India takes specific hybrid forms that require further research. The article examines to what extent efforts to establish purely commercial arrangements in the domestic service sector may avoid traditional forms of exploitation. Or do more formal professional relationships still tend to benefit employers more, allowing them to assign additional tasks without offering corresponding extra benefits? The findings identify that establishing and maintaining purely professional relationships remains challenging in India due to deep-rooted ethical and cultural considerations and adaptability issues. Employers often unwittingly perpetuate traditional personalised domestic work settings. The article shows how both sides in this complex relationship struggle to identify and practice new modalities of fair interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The revision of the constitution in 1848 ended the constitutional role of the nobility. Their national political power declined from the end of the 19th century in line with the modernisation theory. Data collected on all burgomasters for 1910, 1920, 1930, and 1940 confirm this trend at the local level: the percentage of municipalities with a noble burgomaster declined as well. Following Lammers' sociological theory on occupation regimes, Dutch nobility could make use of the opportunities during the Nazi-German occupation to maintain or regain their power by taking up burgomasters' positions. To avoid dismissal, the pre-war appointed burgomasters had to accept and implement measures imposed by the occupying forces. Our research shows that noble burgomasters were just as often dismissed as non-noble burgomasters. Also, noble burgomasters resigned as frequently as non-noble burgomasters in protest against the Nazi-German policies. Vacant burgomasters' posts offered openings to obtain local power. Only eight of the about 550 newly appointed burgomasters during the occupation were a member of the nobility. Seven of them were a member of the National Socialist Movement (NSB) compared to about 337 newly appointed non-noble burgomasters. It looks like the German occupier failed in attracting the nobility to cooperate as burgomasters while the nobility wasn't very keen in taking up these positions. Why weren't there more noble burgomasters in power during the occupation years? Following Dronkers' theory that during upheaval being of noble origin loses its significance, members of the nobility had to compete with pro-German NSB-members during the occupation years. Supporting Dronkers' finding that the nobility used university education to regain power, the share of university graduates was twice as high among noble burgomasters in 1940. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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INTRODUCTION: The global definition of social work, as articulated by the International Federation of Social Workers (IFSW), states that social work is a practice-based profession and an academic discipline that, amongst other things, promotes the empowerment and liberation of people. The knowledge base for social work has a rich history of different theoretical perspectives, frameworks and practice models, some of which directly address aspects of human oppression, discrimination and marginalisation. These approaches can be grouped under the umbrella term of anti-oppressive practice and include anti-discriminatory practice, anti-racist practice, feminist, green and Marxist perspectives. APPROACH: This paper draws on the work of the US analytical Marxist sociologist Erik Olin Wright to consider how his concept of emancipatory social science might be applied in the context of anti-oppressive social work. The article will focus primarily on a close reading of two of Wright's publications--Envisioning Real Utopias and How to Be an Anticapitalist in the 21st Century--exploring their implications for anti-oppressive practice. CONCLUSIONS: Wright's concept of emancipatory social science, along with his ideas about social empowerment and building real utopias, are not well known in the social work literature. The framework offers a valuable complement to existing anti-oppressive social work practice. Its open, flexible, and adaptable nature is inclusive of different political traditions and cultural contexts, including Indigenous perspectives. In these challenging times, emancipatory social science provides a rallying point, a turangawaewae (common ground) on which diverse social groups can connect and work collectively to craft real utopias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the turn of the millennium, Western scholars heatedly debated the impact of China's rise on US-China relations and the wider great power relations. On the one hand, optimists, including economic liberals, democratic peace liberals, institutional liberals, constructivists, and defensive realists, advanced an optimistic view, arguing that US-China relations would be productive and peaceful. On the other hand, pessimists, including power transition realists and offensive realists, advanced a pessimistic view, arguing for a growing US-China rivalry, with the former anticipating a great power war and the latter predicting an intense great power competition. By reviewing these perspectives against the changing patterns of US-China relations from the 2000s to the present, this study reflects the relative importance of system-level forces vis-à-vis unit-level forces in accounting for the dynamics of great power relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Terminology has historically played a pivotal role within the field of developmental education and learning assistance. The language used to describe the field's people or define the work of the field is much more than mere semantics, though, especially as field-outsiders have exerted power over the field's identity through politics, policy, and legislation related to the field. As 'developmental education'—now widely considered a toxic term—is increasingly being erased from our vocabularies, reflection on the power dynamics involved in this process is still needed. People-forward, action-oriented terminology recommendations are provided for consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Social media is increasingly vital for educators to extend their professional networks and engage in meaningful conversations. This study aims to explore how Reddit facilitates these interactions as a platform for generative dialogical exchange. For English educators, generative dialogue is paramount for professional development and classroom practice. Design/methodology/approach: To better understand this dynamic, we outline Hermans and Hermans-Konopka's (2010) framework of generative dialogical exchange, review relevant literature related to the implications of social media use by educators and argue for the importance of Reddit as a site of exploration into dialogical exchange. After describing our artifact selection, we offer relevant data and conclude with understanding and implications. Findings: We argue that although online educator communities, particularly those on Reddit, offer opportunities for broad dialogical exchange for English educators, these can be marked by a push and pull between the expansion of the dialogical space and a tendency to rein it back in through reinforcing traditional power dynamics. Originality/value: Reddit is an understudied site for extending professional networks and fostering conversations among educators, providing a novel approach to understanding these dynamics through dialogical theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To better prepare students for active and thoughtful participation in a democratic society, civic education should foster an array of civic competencies. Cultivating student civic agency--an under-studied civic competency--is of particular importance to equip students to authentically use their voice in their communities. But what does it look like to foster student civic agency in a classroom setting? This article leverages a social and emotional learning (SEL) framework to uncover the active curricular ingredients and educational mechanisms through which a student-led civics curriculum has fostered civic agency. In this multi-site case study, we analyze the implementation of an eighth grade student-led civics curriculum in a northeastern U.S. state. We outline how implicit SEL processes in these classrooms, stemming from a pedagogical focus on "changemakers," supported development of civic agency. We found that the changemakers theme facilitated student exploration of their own civic identity and values, while prompting students to critically examine political power structures. Notably, the theme also helped students to develop a narrative of self as changemakers and to envision themselves actively engaged in civic spaces. This study adds insights to growing evidence on the multi-faceted benefits that civically-oriented SEL may offer to preparing young people to engage in democracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spending concentration, political influence, and collusion violate rules and principles of open and fair public procurement, leading to corrupt contract allocation. This study adopts stochastic actor-oriented models to test the evolution of these forms of procurement corruption risks in a longitudinal network study of 33579 construction contracts pertaining to Guatemalan local governments from 2012 to 2020. We identify a range of network configurations, based on past empirical research and theory, that capture different patterns of suspicious micro tendencies suggestive of corruption. We show how these micro tendencies shift in strength according to changes in electoral cycles and anti-corruption interventions, thus shedding light on how interventions may temporarily impact corrupt behavior, and how it may adapt and persist after a period of transition. The results indicate that collusion and spending concentration play significant roles in sustaining the risk of corrupt contract allocation, and that this behavior is able to rebound even after the introduction of anti-corruption interventions and new political regimes. The findings underscore the importance of local interventions and advocate for network approaches to enhance transparency, accountability, and long-term anti-corruption efforts. • Stochastic actor-oriented modeling approach to test procurement corruption. • Corruption tendencies captured as network effects overtime. • Spending concentration and collusion are significant corruption risks. • Corruption practices evolve over time in response to contextual shifts. • It is important to enhance anti-corruption interventions at local levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the realisation of apology speech act strategies of Bahasa Indonesia by 60 Indonesian people from across Indonesia as well as their perceptions and evaluations of apologies. For triangulation, the data was collected using three methods: Oral Discourse Completion Task (DCT), Likert scale surveys, and in-depth interviews. The results revealed that Indonesian participants generally use IFID (Illocutionary force indicating device or expression of regret) in their apology strategy, followed by EAS (Explanation or account of cause), OR (Offer of repair), TOR (Taking on responsibility) and lastly, POF (Promise of forbearance). The findings also indicate that most Indonesians tend to easily forgive and accept apologies, they agreed that their apologies were likely to be accepted. Especially when they held higher social power. Interestingly, rather than perceiving apologies as face-threatening acts, most individuals viewed apologies as a means of preserving face and repairing offenses. This reflects a strong cultural emphasis on politeness and the maintenance of social harmony, where apologies play a crucial role in fostering positive relationships. Indonesian apologies are shaped by social status. However, the emphasis is on using polite language and showing respect rather than on the hierarchical structure itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamics of interaction, whether symmetrical or asymmetrical, are fundamental aspects of communication across diverse settings. The power dynamics of medical encounters adopt various different stances including the traditionally held view whereby a typical doctor-patient interaction is a situation of control to the “expert patient”, who presents as literate and able to negotiate a more equal interactional position within the encounter. Considering that medical encounters also take place within institutional settings, the dynamics of how professional communication is enacted also form part of the interaction at play. While health communication within an institutional setting has been amply addressed, paid private sector consultations have been dealt with to a lesser extent. Hence, the current paper aims to investigate the extent to which paying for a medical consultation within the private sector can be classified as a “business” exchange and whether this may (or may not) bear influence on the power dynamics of the interactions at play. The study considers live recorded first consultations within the context of cosmetic surgery private practice in the UK. Corpus linguistic methodologies are applied in order to identify the semantic fields related to exchange of money and paying for the service along with close reading discourse analysis for selected excerpts in order to triangulate data and provide a complete data analysis with contextualised examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In July and August 1944, the former dominion and stability of the Third Reich began to shake at its foundations. First, a new front opened up in Western Europe and Germany began to fall into the Allies' encircling pincers. Shortly thereafter, an unsuccessful attempt to change Hitler's government took place, and a highly successful Soviet offensive was underway, which in a matter of weeks pushed the Red Army hundreds of miles closer to Berlin. The most decisive, however, was still August 1944, when as many as four major uprisings or coups took place in territories controlled or occupied by Germany. After the urban uprisings in Warsaw or Paris, there was a major reversal in Romania and, shortly afterwards, a broader uprising in Slovakia. This paper will address the possible inspiration of the Romanian coup for the decision and the developments in Slovakia at the end of August 1944. It will focus on Romania's and Slovakia's position in the German great power system up to that time. It will analyze the dilemmas of pro-German governments facing the prospect of a Soviet invasion of their country and of an overall German defeat. In particular, however, it attempts to answer the central question of the possible effects of the Romanian coup on the development of the situation in Slovakia in the context of the Slovak National Uprising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the life and legacy of Marie Cirillo, a Catholic nun turned community developer and activist who dedicated over fifty years to helping the residents of Clearfork Valley. Topics include the region's geographical challenges, its history of extractive industries, and the economic and social struggles faced by local communities under poorly regulated capitalism.

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Despite widespread beliefs that the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) would become obsolete after the end of the Cold War, it has endured. Initially established in response to the Soviet threat, NATO's existence after the collapse of the Soviet Union was supposed to be irrelevant. However, NATO, a prominent symbol of the Cold War, continues to function. This paper addresses the main hypotheses explaining NATO's resilience in the post-Cold War era by examining two theoretical perspectives: Realism and Liberalism. Realism assesses NATO's post-Cold War relevance through the lens of power politics and the balance of interests, while Liberalism draws on the concept of interdependence. The conclusion suggests that Realism justifies NATO's endurance due to its shift from power balancing to bandwagoning strategy, thus moving from security-driven alliance to interests-focused organization. Additionally, the Liberalism approach identifies interconnectedness and shared democratic systems as the main factors ensuring NATO's persistence. The ongoing changes taking place in the international security environment as a consequence of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 as well as NATO's enlargement to the North (Finland and Sweden) brought the puzzle of NATO's post-Cold War relevance into the political and academic agenda. Hence, this research analyzes NATO's persistence after the end of the Cold war by applying two dominant theories of International Relations: Realism and Liberalism. The time frame spans from the fall of the USSR in 1991 to 1999 when NATO's Strategic Concept 1999 was adopted, diversifying the alliance functions and expanding its geographical area of operation. The article intends to respond to the following research question: Why did NATO endure after the collapse of the USSA, when its main threat was eliminated? In doing so the qualitative study of secondary (scientific articles, research papers and books) and primary sources (reports, strategic concepts and agreements) was conducted. As a theory-based and qualitative research, this paper seeks to contribute to the existing academic literature on the Transatlantic Alliance with particular arguments on NATO's resilience under Realism and Liberalism paradigms. The first section covers NATO's transformation from a Westphalian collective defensive alliance to a post-Westphalian collective security organization. Then the second section projects the main hypotheses of Realism and Liberalism on the case of NATO through two sub-sections. Finally, the article concludes that two oldest theories of International Relations, Realism and Liberalism have distinct explanations to the question of why NATO persisted even after its primary threat disappeared. While Realism justifies NATO's endurance due to its shift from power balancing to band wagoning strategy, Liberalism identifies interconnectedness and shared democratic systems as the main factors ensuring NATO's persistence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Underestimating the important role that disability plays in our growing world, the environment, and our inter-dependent economies is no longer acceptable. Far from being placed in a subaltern position, disability plays a significant role in theory and research development in the most recent waves of initiatives addressing work, resources, and the impact of climate (Berman-Bieler et al., 2023; Olusanya et al., 2023; Stein et al., 2023; Tampubolon, 2023). However, various foundational elements across global disability policies center around disabled peoples' material support needs (Bailie et al, 2023; Fisher et al., 2023) and the impact of disabled peoples' labor market employability across the world's economies (Pinilla-Roncancio & Gallardo, 2023; Revillard, 2023). The articles in this Special Issue of the Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability show us how some of these realities of “what is” can be disrupted, and we are honored to provide our unique perspective piece in response. We focus on the nuanced power dynamics often prevalent, albeit looked over, in the purpose of research by unpacking who decides when equity and justice have been met. We do so to engage future disabled possibilities in STEMM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this article the author uses the lens of leadership-as-practice (L-A-P) to analyze the concerns of the worker in the contemporary workplace and proposes both new insights and potential remediations through a post-humanistic leadership centered on practice. L-A-P is designed to probe underneath the accepted or "natural" human resource practices to uncover the power dynamics in the workplace that have led to challenges to the worker in the form of burnout, lack of autonomy, and detachment. After introducing the practice approach to the workplace, the paper interrogates the potential value of leadership being viewed as a collaborative agency constituting changes in the trajectory of prefigured work practices that can have affirmative consequences via its ethical and critical approach to human resource development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The book review titled "Samotność strategiczna Polski [Poland's strategic loneliness]" by Marek Budzisz discusses Poland's security policy and proposes a new grand strategy for the country. Budzisz argues for a more autonomous plan of action for Poland, emphasizing the importance of political ambition, social cohesion, and efficiency of the state. He suggests a potential federation between Poland and Ukraine, with the inclusion of the Baltic States and Belarus in the future. The author's proposal challenges existing NATO and EU arrangements, advocating for a more self-reliant approach for Poland's security. [Extracted from the article]

Electricity is one of the most used forms of energy nowadays. Electricity consumption increases each year with the industrial sector as one of the biggest consumers, and the industrial sector obviously correlates with the economy. One way to measure a country's economic power is through GDP per capita. Even though it cannot describe everything about a country's economy, it can be used to measure the general health of a country's economy. GDP per capita prediction can lead to some benefits such as making an educated plan for government officials and for investors to make decisions whether investing in a country is beneficial or not. We tried to predict a country's GDP per capita position using their electricity consumption and generation data with machine learning approach. We are categorizing the GDP per capita so each category represents the position of the country relative to others like top 10%, top 20%, et cetera. The correlation between variables that we use are generally quite good, and our best model can predict the GDP per capita position of a country with above 80% accuracy for 10 categories used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper examines strategic communication's important role in countering hybrid threats through early detection, real-time response, and collaboration among government, civil society, and technology sectors. Hybrid threats, such as foreign information interference, disinformation, cyberattacks, and political influence campaigns, present challenges to national security, particularly in the digital age. By fostering societal resilience and enhancing public trust in institutions, strategic communication frameworks are essential to safeguarding national interests. This paper explores how strategic communication frameworks can detect, respond to, and mitigate the impacts of hybrid threats, rapid and coordinated responses. Strategic communication can prevent the spread of disinformation, help build national resilience. By creating collaborative networks and using digital technologies, strategic communication protects national security and underscores their role in safeguarding national resilience. It aligns messaging across agencies, reinforcing government credibility during crises and fostering societal resilience through transparent, accurate information. By engaging with diverse audiences, StratCom adapts messages to influence positive public behaviors and build social cohesion. Additionally, it supports national interests by unifying government and societal efforts under clear objectives, while protecting information channels to secure communication. This proactive, coordinated approach strengthens democratic values and national security against hybrid threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Janus is the property of Sosiaalipoliittinen yhdistys and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study compared conflict styles approaches of four nations with similar cultural dimensions. Prior literature assumes similar cultural dimensions produce similar approaches to conflict. Four nations were examined: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States. Results reveal the conflict approaches of individuals from these nations differ despite similar cultural dimensions. In addition, the four nations scored relatively high on solution-oriented approaches to conflict (integrating and compromising). This is the first study to compare conflict styles across traditionally individualistic, low-context, independent self-construal, and low power distance nations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We ask for suffrage that we may stand side by side with our fathers, husbands, brothers, and sons, working with them ... for a noble political life for the country's wealth. Not for a man's place do we ask, but for the fullness of women's. (The Argus, 1891, p. 9) In the late nineteenth century, adult and public learning pedagogy were the key instruments utilised in the campaign to achieve Victorian Women's Suffrage. The democratic process of changing state government legislation on franchise demanded multiple pedagogical methods. Through the actions of Bessie Harrison Lee (1860-1950), this international women's culture (McLean & Baroud, 2020, p. 506). Part of this culture featured Australian women adopting the petition as a political instrument. The petition had already had a long history in Britain, used by groups with little political influence. Ian Fletcher's conception of the British Empire as "a set of relations, rather than the sum of their parts, as frameworks structuring political, economic and cultural exchanges between metropole and colonies" is useful in understanding how political ideas travelled to and were adapted in the Australian context (Fletcher, Levine & Mayall, 2012, p. xiv). This paper argues that new ways of knowing were made possible by Lee, who, empowered by the evangelical faith (her cultural capital) spoke out confidently in public spaces such as town halls, outside public bars, and on the front doorsteps of women's homes in both cities and rural towns. These spaces were the places of learning, or as Bourdieu described, the field. Also, the meeting places of the WCTU, whether private lounge rooms or church halls, enabled women to support each other in the political process of debate, addressing community issues, and devising strategic plans to improve the lives of women. Through critical discourse analysis of newspaper reports, WCTU's publication The White Ribbon, the Victorian Alliance publication Alliance Record, and Lee's autobiography, this paper identifies these learning spaces. It also explores the community of practice in WCTU meetings, doorknocking, pamphleteering and the physical act of collecting signatures for the 1891 'Victorian Monster Petition'. The language and actions used to enact democratic activity that involves women in ways of saying, doing, and being full citizens are unlocked; however, the WCTU was exclusionary of Indigenous and non-Anglo-Celtic ancestry. Therefore, their learning spaces were complicit in the Great Silence (Stanner, 1968). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores hospitality's utility as a conceptual framework to assist writing tutors. The study, described in the article, investigated tutors' perceptions concerning how Haswell & Haswell's elaboration of hospitality—as a disposition—might bring about more positive, generative, and encouraging outcomes in writing center work. The data collected in the form of audio-recorded tutorials, post-tutorial interviews, and a focus group suggests that hospitality offers an open but promising schema to help tutors consider what responsible and ethical use of power and authority might look like for their appointments—particularly when working outside their disciplines and with multilingual students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]